Spruces planted 1965. Skin Gulch, Black Brook, J.D.Irving. cf. slide #186 & #188. Landscape photo same location, photo taken 8 years later.

Spruce in styroblocks at 3 months. Container, white spruce, 1+0.

Spruce in paper pots, n.b. mortality due to drought from improper watering. White spruce, 1+0, container.

Spruce budworm damage in balsam fir. New Brunswick

Spruce budworm damage in balsam fir. New Brunswick

Spring wildfire in open natural white pine. St.Williams. N.B. the mineral soil exposed. The forest floor in these Ontario forests is minimal, due to rapid decomposition.

Spring prescribed burn, 1975 in recent cutover. New Brunswick amount of slash still left. J.D.Irving, Camp 62, Road#1. Miramichi

TBM spray planes at Juniper airport, J.D.Irving.

Photograph depicts an aerial view of a human-caused spot fire next to a road, thirty minutes after ignition, in Western Australia.

Handwritten article by Cairine Budner detailing her passion for sports among the Finns. Her dream was to compile the history of the Finnish sporting activity and athletic organizations in the Thunder Bay area from its beginning in the early 20th…