Needle rust (Chrysomyxa spp.) on white spruce. Black Brook, J.D.Irving.

Prototype planting machine (Ont. Lands & Forests)

Close-up of 1/2+1, i.e. seedling raised in plastic house (Feb-May) then transplanted to field. Black spruce, 1+1, transplants.

Close-up of the basal till in slide #220, showing the "lenses" or lines of compaction in the till.

Close-up of Fondrich cone collector. Prince George

Close-up of forest soil at Dorset in sandy loam; n.b. fine roots in thin Forest Floor - area has a fire history; Ae irregular and weak. Spodosol, P, FF, F, D.

Close-up of H, Ah-Ae of gray-wooded luvisol in slide # 236; n.b. roots and lack of F.

Close-up of individual cuttings being rooted; these are cuttings taken from selected larger trees. Spruce, 1+0, cuttings.

Close-up of seedlings attacked by Lophodermium pinastri, n.b. the dead foliage and some dead seedlings. Red pine, 2+0, disease, needle cast.

Close-up of seedlings in paper pots after 133 growing days. Black spruce, 1+0, container stock.