A seedling after one season showing original phosphorus placement in soil. White spruce, fertilization.

Seed and banded phosphorus placement after banding. White spruce, 0, fertilizing.

Seeder and fertilizer banding machine. Seeder and fertilizer.

A general view of drill sown beds. Red pine, germination.

General view of germinating beds of drill sown seedlings. Red pine, 1+0, germination.

Seedlings germinating under straw mulch. Red pine, 1+0, germination.

Seedlings germinating under straw mulch. Jack pine, 1+0, germination.

General view of seedlings, n.b. small stones; CF#114. Black spruce, 1+0.

General view of seedlings n.b. small stones. Black spruce, 1+0, seedbeds.

General view; with intercropping. Lusitanica cupressus, 1+0.