Leaning trees ("gear stick" trees). Bareroot jack pine planted with sandvik hoes in 1964. Photo 1971. Asymmetric roots make the tree unstable, especially when crowns are heavy with wet snow. Davidson

Black and white photograph of a inscription engraved in stone above the entrance to the Finnish Labour Temple. Motto in English means "Work Conquers All"

Cronartium canker in lodgepole pine raised as 2+0 seedlings at the Swastika Nursery and outplanted 1970. Photo after one year in field. Englehart Management Unit

Cronartium canker in lodgepole pine raised as 2+0 seedlings at the Swastika Nursery and outplanted 1970. Photo after one year in field. Englehart Management Unit

Cronartium canker in lodgepole pine raised as 2+0 seedlings at the Swastika Nursery and outplanted 1970. Photo after one year in field. Englehart Management Unit

Aeciospores in lodgepole pine 2+1 transplants at Swastika Nursery, Englehart Management Unit. N.B. seedlings were infected in seed beds

Aeciospores and canker in 50 yr-old natural jack pine. Englehart Management Unit

Aeciospores and canker in 50 yr-old natural jack pine. Englehart Management Unit

Sweetfern blister rust (C. comptoneae) on five year old natural jack pine. N.B. Swelling and aeciospores on stem above root collar. Englehart Management Unit.

Chlorosis of shoots at time of new shoot elongation. Plonski Forest natural stand.