Hill with trees and shrubs

Forest floor under mature hemlock, n.b. complete absence of regeneration and other vegetation.

Forest floor under maple after a Spring (April) prescribed burn; n.b. only partial removal, floor remains intact; cf. #144 & 145.

Forest floor after crushing. N.B. lack of disturbance. Black Brook, J.D. Irving.

Aerial view of a border bridge between USA and Canada

Distribution of forests & growth in Finland 3
Nursery production - 230 mm

Clearcutting in wet hollow/bedrock; conclusion it should have been strip cut.

Clearcut 1968 (cf slide #227); prescribed burned 1969; barreled and planted 1970 with 2+0 jackpine. Dunmore Twp. Englehart Management Unit.

Fondrich cone collector used in Timmins. MNR photo

Fondrich cone collector from a helicopter. Prince George.