A general view of seedbeds. White spruce, 2+0.

Seedlings root pruned by vertical knives. Jack pine, 3+0, root pruning.

General view of beds. Red pine, 3+0.

A general view of beds, rising 2+0. Jack pine, 2+0.

General view of seedbeds, white spruce, 1+0.

A general view of seedlings in beds. Engelmann spruce, 2+0.

A general view of seedlings, out of the soil.

A seedling after one season showing original phosphorus placement in soil. White spruce, fertilization.

Seed and banded phosphorus placement after banding. White spruce, 0, fertilizing.

Seeder and fertilizer banding machine. Seeder and fertilizer.