Over wintered Ontario tubed seedlings. White spruce, 1+0, container stock.

Compartment given peat dressing and seeded to oats to protect from erosion during fall and early spring. Land preparation.

General view of 11-row transplant beds. White spruce, 2+1, transplants.

Seedling harvester used to lift seedlings. Jack pine, 2+0, lifting.

Seedling harvester lifting jack pine. Jack pine, 2+0, lifting.

Seedlings being lifted by harvester, n.b. lack of soil on roots. Jack pine, 2+0, lifting.

Hydro mulcher applying a thin coating of a pulp-type mulch to seedbeds. Mulching.

Views of mulch being applied and close-up of mulched bed. Mulching.

Keith McClain's fertility/density trial, 1973. White spruce, 2+0, fertilization trial.

Super seedling with R. Laupert (Supt.) White spruce, 3+0, seedling, super.