Aeciospores in lodgepole pine 2+1 transplants at Swastika Nursery, Englehart Management Unit. N.B. seedlings were infected in seed beds

Cronartium canker in lodgepole pine raised as 2+0 seedlings at the Swastika Nursery and outplanted 1970. Photo after one year in field. Englehart Management Unit

Cronartium canker in lodgepole pine raised as 2+0 seedlings at the Swastika Nursery and outplanted 1970. Photo after one year in field. Englehart Management Unit

Cronartium canker in lodgepole pine raised as 2+0 seedlings at the Swastika Nursery and outplanted 1970. Photo after one year in field. Englehart Management Unit

Leaning trees ("gear stick" trees). Bareroot jack pine planted with sandvik hoes in 1964. Photo 1971. Asymmetric roots make the tree unstable, especially when crowns are heavy with wet snow. Davidson

Root system of jack pine bare root planted with Sandvik hoe after 4 seasons. N.B. asymetric roots. cf Slide #576. Davidson Twp. Englehart Managment Unit

Area scarified for natural regeneration of yellow birch, after logging; French Twp. North Bay. cf Slide # 579

Regeneration from natural seeding on scarified patch four years after site reparation. French Twp. North Bay. cf Slide #578

Natural regeneration after progressive strip cutting in yellow birch followed by scarification. Photo ca. 5 yrs after treatment. Mulock Twp. North Bay

Red pine, planted 1969, 3 yrs later in patch cut of white/red pine, Shiningwood Bay, Temagami. cf Slide #454