Hand planting white spruce 2+2 after site prep. by Marden chopper. Thunder Bay, Aldin Twp. Indigenous planters.

Planted white spruce 2+2, Aldin Twp, Thunder Bay. Cf.#155

Black spruce 2+2, two weeks after planting, following site prep. by Letourneau crusher. N.B. size of stock and forest floor. Basely Brook, Black Brook, J.D. Irving.

Black spruce 2+2, two weeks after planting, following site prep. by Letourneau crusher. N.B. size of stock and forest floor. Basely Brook, Black Brook, J.D.Irving.

Piling logs at yard. N.B. clean, level surface. Black Brook, J.D. Irving.

Scaling timber after yarding tree length. Black Brook, J.D. Irving.

Load of logs, Black Brook, J.D.Irving. N.B. Skidder is one made by Irving copy of Timberjack.

Loading logs at yard after tree lengths have been cut. Black Brook, J.D.Irving.

White spruce 2+2, 2nd season after planting in dense competition, showing symptoms of N deficiency. Black Brook, J.D. Irving.

Dense Rubus spp.(raspberry) growth 2-3 seasons after hardwood had been crushed. N.B. planted but no trees were visible. Black Brook, J.D. Irving.