Black locust from root sucker of larger tree in background at Sand Banks. N.B. "Bonzai" Scots Pine and exposed roots on the surface.

Scots pine 15 yrs. on blow sand Sand Banks, Prince Edward Co.

Scots pine 25yrs on blow sand at Sand Banks, Prince Edward Co. N.B. exposed roots - a "bonzai" pine.

Scots pine 15 yrs, on blow sand, in open(foreground) under Carolina poplar in backgound. Sand Banks, Prince Edward Co.

Start of removal of lateral buds on red pine to produce "knot-free" lower log after several years of continued debudding. nr. Dorset

Debudded red pine to produce a knot-free lower log after several years of debudding. Nr. Dorset

Red pine on abandoned farmland, deep medium sand. Foliage symptoms of potassium deficiency (chlorosis>necrosis). Hughes plantation, Huntsville.

Foliage symptoms of potassium deficiency (Chlorosis>necrosis). Hughes plantation, Huntsville.

Foliage symptoms of potassium deficiency (Chlorosis>necrosis). Hughes plantation, Huntsville.

Ground cover at plantation, N.B. sparse vegetation, and species. Hughes plantation nr. Huntsville.