Manual thinning in very dense lodgepole pine, regenerated naturally after a fire. Hinton, Northwest Power & Pulp (now Weldwood).

Salvage of Douglas fir blown down, Nov, 1962. Harvesting in 1963. UBC Forest, Haney

Spring wildfire in open natural white pine. St.Williams. N.B. the mineral soil exposed. The forest floor in these Ontario forests is minimal, due to rapid decomposition.

Hot spot around white pine stump. St Williams. cf #53

Use of prescribed fire in Great Lakes-St Lawrence region to remove LF layer and prepare seedbed for yellow birch. Nr. Tweed. Photo by George Sinclair.

Same stand as #55, but with one fall fire to remove LF layer. Nr. Tweed. Photo by George Sinclair.

Same stand as #55. This plot has been burnt over four consecutive falls. Cf.#56 with only one burn. Purpose to remove most of LF for yellow birch seedbed.

Same stand as #55. This plot has been burnt over four consecutive falls. Cf.#56 with only one burn. Purpose to remove most of LF for yellow birch seedbed.

Prescribed fire in white pine-mixed hardwoods to prepare a seedbed for both pine and yellow birch. Nr. Dorset.

Prescribed fire in white pine-mixed hardwoods to prepare a seedbed for both pine and yellow birch. Nr. Dorset.