Recent windthrow in ponderosa pine, Coconino National Forest. Flagstaff Arizona

Ground view of a recently crushed area. N.B. deliberately left yellow birch in mistaken notion that these will remain as a seed source. They subsequently died, Black Brook, J.D.Irving.

Recently planted black spruce. The person is Harold Peacock. Black Brook J.D. Irving

Example of land reclamation activities

Reclaimed mine spoil, Alberta.

Red alder in foreground cut to be planted to Sitka spruce. BC Forest Products, Port Renfrew

Red alder on alluvial flats after logging in 1940's for Sitka spruce British Columbia Forest Products. Port Renfrew

Red alder regenerated beside old railway logging right-of-way. San Juan valley. approx. 35 years old British Columbia Forest Products. Port Renfrew

Red alder, 20 yrs. old after harvesting of conifers on lower slope. Pack Forest of U of Washington

Red and white pine planted 1927 in alternate rows, after 55 yrs. Ht. 21m Dbh 30 cm, BA 29.1 sq.m. Comp. D15A. Ganaraska Forest