Old Orchard plantation, 1923 after thinning. 1615 cu. ft./acre; ht 46 ft Dbh 5.7 in. Photo US Forest Service. Biltmore Forest.

Old Orchard plantation after thinning 1929, 2258 cu.ft. ht. 53ft. Dbh 6.9in. Photo US Forest Service. Biltmore Forest

Old Orchard plantation after thinning 1942. 2519 cu. ft. Ht. 68 ft. Dbh 9.4. Photo US Forest Service, Biltmore Estate

Old Orchard plantation in 1971 after thinning, 7000 cu.ft. Ht 98ft. Dbh 16in. Photo US Forest Service, Biltmore Forest

Old Orchard plantation in 1972 Biltmore Forest. Photo KAA

White pine plantation planted in 1905, at 1966, 60 yrs. Ht. 90ft. Photo Mike Meagher.

Jackpine cone and seedlings from cone seed. Photo R.J. Fessenden.

Jack pine killed by Armillarea mellea. Photo R.J.Fessenden

Pads and chains used in site preparation for natural regeneration of jack pine. Sioux Lookout. Photo Bill Kuzemczak.

Slash pine seeded 1947. Spacing trial, established 1951 (see Collins, 1967 paper). Person is Prof. R.J. Day. Photo Mike Meagher