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.......

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23

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�AERIAL VIEW OF TERMINAL WITH PORT ARTHUR IN BACKGROUND
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KEEFER LAKEHEAD TERMINAL

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CANADA'S
MID-CONTINENT
SEAPORT

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OFFI.CIAL OPENING

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JUNE

23, 1962

�:ART
rvADA

was assented to on September 6, 1958. It provided for the combining
of the harbours of Port Arthur and Fort William into one unit to be
known as the LAKEHEAD HARBOUR. It established new harbour
limits, which, incidentally, take in considerably more shoreline than was
originally included in the two units, and provides for future expansion.

The Lakehead is the true heart of Canada.
If a line is drawn across the Dominion through the southern region
,e relatively large area from St. John's, Newfoundland to the west
of Vancouver Island, its mid-point lies almost exactly at the Twin
s of Fort William and Port Arthur. Its position at the head of a
water system establishes it as a meeting point between East and
t.

The Lakehead has lorig been world famous for its grain-handling
.bilities and the potentialities offered by the new Seaway were quickly
;een by the Federal Government. It was decided that existing grain
lling facilities would be augmented at the earliest possible opportunity
1e addition of ·substantial package freight handling facilities. Econo) agreed that the increasing demands of the growing western popula.coupled with the fact that the deepening to Seaway depth of the
1ecting channels between the Great Lakes and the Sea would add to
importance of the Lakehead as a great international Lakes and
Port.
When construction of the St. Lawrence Seaway finally got under
it was natural that the people of the Lakehead and that area stretchwest to Alberta began to consider the effect of the Seaway on their
t0my. In. 1957 the Federal Government was requested to provide
1p-to-date terminal for berthing ocean going vessels and for handling
ort and export trade. In this initial stage a great deal of credit must
o the Canadian Lakehead Port Association consisting of the Provinces
~anitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta and the Cities of Port Arthur
Fort William for directing the attention of the Federal Government
he necessity of providing modern facilities here.
The Federal Government were quick to foresee the necessity of
5.ed administration of the important harbours of Port Arthur and
t William at the Canadian head of the Seaway. In 19 58 an act was
;ed to incorporate the Lakehead Harbour Commissioners. This act

,,

The Act gives the Commissioners wide powers. They have jurisdiction within the harbour limits over harbour-front lands, not including
government property except when authorized by Order-in-Council, or
private property, except as provided for in the act. The Commissioners
may purchase, expropriate, acquire and hold, lease or sell buildings or
property, real or personal, within the harbour required for development,
improvement, maintenance and protection of the harbour.
The Commissioners will have regulation and control over the use
of harbour property. They will have power to construct harbour facilities
and sell or lease same. The admhlistration of the Keefer Lakehead
Terminal has also been entrusted to their care.
They may construct or lease railway facilities on harbour lands.
All navigation in the harbour is under Commission control and to
this end the Commissioners have prepared a comprehensive set of bylaws and general information regarding the control and operation of the
harbour, also schedules of port charges which were enacted by Order-inCouncil P.C. 1960-53, dated January 14, 1960.
When it was finally decided to augment the existing waterbourne
freight handling facilities at the Lakehead the Federal Government in
I 9 5 8 appointed Sir Alexander Gibb &amp; Partners as Consulting Engineers
to recommend and design facilities not only for ocean-going vessels but
also for lake vessels carrying package freight.
The first problem was the selection of a site for the new Terminal.
A vacant area of land and foreshore existed between the two cities but
was known to have difficult foundation conditions. Other sites with
much better foundations were considered-notably along the south shore
of the Mission River-but, in the end, the Consulting Engineers decided
to face the engineering problems of the inter-city site because of its paramount advantages from the aspect of shipping and rail access. This site
was provided by the City of Port Arthur. It embraces approximately 180

�and is adequate for docks, buildings, freight storage areas, access
,, parking areas, rail connections and marshalling yard included in
aitial project. Finally, the whole area has ample room for expansion
a substantial acreage for warehousing and appropriate industries.
The area of the chosen site consisted of large deposits of silty sand
ying equally large deposits of sensitive varied clay to a total depth of
130 feet. Without going into details of the design, it may be said
such soil conditions posed considerable problems in the design of
the wharf and the foundations for the buildings.
The Consulting Engineers submitted their report early in 19 59
construction began in July of that year.

INTERIOR
VIEW OF
SHED AT

TERMINAL

--:: ---

DESIGN OF TERMINAL

Keefer Lakehead Harbour Terminal

\

LOCATION

4

PLAN .

One of the most difficult factors to appraise at the outset was the
probable effect of the St. Lawrence Seaway. How many ocean-goin.g
freighters would, in fact, come all the way to the Lakehead and what
tonnage of cargo would they bring? What increase in tonnage carried
by lake freighters would there be when larger vessels could operate all
the way from Montreal? In the end it was decided that the initial
Terminal should consist of one berth primarily for ocean-going freighters
and two berths primarily for lake freighters. The berthage provided for
lake freighters is considerable less than the existing berthage provided at
the old terminals operated by the Canadian National and Canadian
Pacific Railways at the Lakehead but it is expected to be adequate for a
number of years in view of the smaller number of larger ships and the
greater efficiency of operation at the new Terminal.

�HANDLINGCAPACITY

l

te O&gt;nsulting Engineer for
Terminal, Sir Alexander
and Partners, in their represented to the Governin February 19 59 made a
ist of the package freight
, handled in. future years.
~ established that the average annual tonnage of package freight
.ed through the existing Lakehead facilities for the eight years
to 19 5 7 inclusive was:
Westbound ·····················-·······
Eastbound ................................

392,000 short tons
239,000 short tons
631,000 total

It was estimated that the effect of the Seaway and the natural
)pment of the Western provin~es might increase these tonnages by
to the following:
Westbound ·······-··-···--··-·········
Eastbound ............................... .

7301,000 short tons
615,000 short tons
1,345,000 total

These figures were arrived at by adding to the previous eight-year
~e handlings the estimated tonnage which the railways would lose
~ and lake freighters with the St. Lawrence Seaway completed
•pen to navigation on a 2 7 foot draft basis.
After establishing these figures, an annual increment of 3% comI per annum, was added to provide for the normal rate of increase
lckage freight handled through the Lakehead Harbour. The present
nal has therefore been designed to meet the anticipated conditions
:able to 1970.
The Terminal as now constructed includes the following facilities:
( 1) One spacious transit shed for lake freighter service with a
,re area of 120,000 sq. ft., approximately 900 ft. in length x 13 5
ide-clear span steel trusses.

( 2) One transit shed for ocean freighter service with a storage
area of 60,000 sq. ft., 450 feet in length x 135 ft. wide-clear span
without interior columns.
( 3)

Complete site enclosing steel revetments.

( 4) Concrete aprons 6 5 feet wide extending full length of both
ocean and lake freighter berths.
( 5) Track loading platforms with roof cover to accommodate
96 freight cars at the lake freighter transit shed and 20 cars at the ocean
freighter shecl.
( 6) Two spacious truck loading sheds for road transports to
accommodate forty trucks loading simultaneously.
( 7)

Adequate paved parking areas for motor vehicles in transit.

( 8) Office accommodation in sheds for auxiliary services, including Governmental authorities, stevedoring firms, vessel agencies, etc., as
well as Harbour Commission employees.
( 9) Railroad marshalling yards to accommodate 216 cars with
rail connections to both CNR and CPR.

( 10) Paved access roads and viaduct over railway yards and
McIntyre River to provide truck route to Trans-Canada Highway and
both cities.
( 11) Terminal Entrance Building to accommodate the Harbour
Commission executives and staff.

A summary of the enclosed roof-covered building areas is as follows:
Transit sheds ..... ......... .......... ..... ..... 182,000 sq. ft.
Car and truck loading sbeds ···-··-·Misc. offices and gate house ............
Total covered areas ................

171,000 "
20,000 "

"
"

373,000 sq. ft.

= 8.5 +

acres.

Available Rail Trackage on the Site

Lake Freighter Shed .................................... 96 cars
,,
Ocean Freighter Shed --··················----·········· 20
32__"
Dock Frontage ............................................ _
Total ................................................. 14 8 cars
Storage Yard ......... ............. ... ...... .. . ... . . .. .... ... 216 cars
Total .................................................. 364 cars

�KEEFER
LAKE HEAD TERMINAL

Program
CHAIRMAN

R. B. CHANDLER, p .ENG.

CHAIRMAN LAKEHEAO HARBOUR COMMISSIONERS

O'CANADA
R.

CHAIRMAN'S REMARKS
DEDICATION

B. CHANDLER

THE MosT REVEREND
E. Q. JENNINGS

THE RIGHT HONOURABLE

BISHOP OF FORT WILLIAM

JOHN G. DIEFENBAKER

P.C., Q.C., M•P.
PRESENTATION OF SYMBOLS OF TRADE

Prime Minister of Canada

AND INDUSTRY
THE HONOURABLE E. GURNEY EvANS
MINISTER OF INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE
FOR THE PROVINCE OF MANITOBA

w

THE HONOURABLE
ALTER DINSDALE,
D.F.C., M.A., M.P.
MINISTER OF NORTHERN AFFAIRS AND NATIONAL
RESOURCES FOR CANADA
Representing The Prime Minister of Canada

OFFICIAL OPENING OF TERMINAL
Goo SAVE THE QuEEN

Symbolic Loading of First Cargo
by
The Honourable Walter Dinsdale
followed by Tour of Terminal Facilities

l

I
THE HONOURABLE
WALTER DINSDALE,

D.F.C., M.A., M.P.
FORT WILLIAM GIRLS' PIPE BAND
PORT ARTHUR GIRLS' PIPE BAND
H. M. C.
GRIFFON BAND

s.

R

Minister of Northern Affairs
and National Resources

�J

CONSTRUCT/ON

The area on which the Terminal is built lies well beyond the original
shoreline and the land behind it is bounded on the other three sides by
two rivers and extensive rail yards. The first phase of the work was,
therefore, to provide access to the site and to the water's edge. This was
followed by constructing a pattern of gravel causeways forming lagoons
into which sand from the dredging operations in the adjacent harbour
was pumped to reclaim the Terminal area.
Construction of the wharfs was carried out concurrently with the
latter stages of the dredging and reclamation. Originally, a sheet-pile
bulkhead type of wharf had been envisaged but detailed studies of the
soil strata indicated that it would have to be abandoned in favour of an
open concrete deck supported on bearing piles. The engineers were thus
faced with designing a type of bearing pile which would carry the required
load in the silty sand above the clay. After a number of driving and
loading tests, a pile was selected consisting of a steel stem with the
lower portion widened out by bolting on two 12" x 12" timbers to give
added bearing capacity to each pile.
The largest stage of the work was the construction of all the
buildings with their foundations and services. The contract for this
work of nearly $4,000,000 was started in January, 1961, and virtually
completed eleven months later. The shed structures are supported on
friction piles driven into the silty sand. The shed floors rest on gravel
fill so as to reduce the settlement that would have occurred if the fine
silty sand dredged from the lake bed had been used exclusively.
Although temporary access to the site had been provided from the
north and south across the McIntyre and Neebing Rivers, it was decided
that permanent access to the Terminal should be from the west across
the railway yards. This overpass, which crosses twenty rail tracks and
the McIntyre River, consists of three central spans of steel girders over
the tracks and approach spans of pre-stressed concrete beams. The
central spans were designed for rapid erection and were, in fact, erected
without any interruption to rail movement below.
The construction of the Terminal involved a peak labour force on
site of 3 8 5 and gave indirect employment to many other local workers
through the numerous local sub-contractors and suppliers.
The consensus of opinion of Port authorities who have seen our
facilities is that the Keefer Lakehead Terminal design is unparalleled
at any Port in Canada.
1 1

�I OVERPASS SPANNING TWENTY
MILROAD TRACKS AND THE
McINTYRE RIVER PROVIDING
ELLENT ACCESS TO THE NEW
TERMINAL

VIEW -

EARLY JUNE 1962

AERIAL VIEW OF THE CITY OF FORT WILLIAM

GENERAL CONSTRUCTION SEPTEMBER 1960

DREDGING OPERATIONS SEPTEMBER 1960

�Keefer Lakehead Terminal

CHAIRMAN ----------------

R. B.

CHANDLER, P. ENG.

V1cE-CHAIRMAN ____________ D. B. McKILLOP, P. ENG.

COMMISSIONER --------

F. H.

BLACK, O.B.E., F.C.A.

COMMISSIONER ________________________

G. F.

COMMISSIONER ----------------------------------

SECRETARY

McDOUGALL

J.
K.

E.

YoUNG

MCCUAIG

�G/NEERS
Department of Public Works of Canada
Harbour and Rivers Engineering Branch
Engineer -------------------------------------------------------- ___________ G. Millar
Planning and Construction Division ______________________ G. T. Clarke
J. E. Bright
tl Project Engineers -----------------------------·--·--·---··--- C. D. Stothert
M. W. Paul
ct Engineer ------·-··-·------------------------------------------------ E. B. Ashton
1lting Engineers:
Sir Alexander Gibb and Partners
Chief Engineer ---------------------···----------------------·· A. C. R. Albery
Resident Engineer ------------------------------------··-·---- H. J. Moorhead
iate Architects:
L. Y. McIntosh and Associates ---------------------------- L. Y. McIntosh

Contractors

Major Sub - Contractors

der Bay Harbour lmprovents Ltd.-Access Bridges
l Roads

Contractors Equipment Pool
Ltd.-Excavations and Fill

ert-Morris Ltd.:aining Berms and Fill

Bamett-McQueen Co. Ltd.

ond International Co. Ltd. ~dging and Wharf
tmara Construction Ltd.~s and Roads

Nor-Shore Ready Mixed Concrete
Piling

M. F. Mills Steel Construction Co.
Ltd.-Strut Steel
G. M. &amp; H. 0. Holmes Ltd. Roofing
L.A. Greene &amp; Co. Ltd.Plumbing and Heating

10il Construction Ltd.erpass and Entrance Bldg.

Clow Darling Plumbing and
Heating Co. Ltd.-Sprinlders

.ea.d Track Installations
l.-Trackage

Mahon Electric Co. Ltd.Electrical

on Company Ltd.tter Llnes

Port Arthur Shipbuilding Co. Strut Steel Overpass

naws Steel Ltd.1ding Ramps

Northern Wood Preservers Ltd.Treated Woods

�The Canadian Lakehead

PORT ARTHUR - FORT WILLIAM

�</text>
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                    <text>OFFICIAL OPENING
OF THE

LAKEHEAD UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY
THURSDAY, OCT. 27, 1966

�The $1,500,000 library building is an impressive addition
to the Lakehead University campus. Designed by Lakehead
architects Mickelson Fraser and Browne, it is completely airconditioned and features many of the latest library design
techniques. The library presently contains more than 50,000
volumes includ!hg a number of rare collections. It has an
eventual capacity of 170,000 volumes.

The University today is also officially opening the new
$900,000 academic wing to the main quadrangle and the $400,000
64-bed addition to the residence, both completed this summer.
The residence addition includes accommodation for a girls wing.
There are presently 30 girls in residence from many different
parts of the globe. The new academic wing houses impressive
new science laboratories and faculty offices.

Six classrooms on the first floor of the library have been
hooked up to the university's new closed circuit television teaching
system operating from the university's own studio right on
campus. A modern language lab with 40 individual listening
booths connected to a main teaching control board is also located
on the first floor.

�PROGRAMME
3:30 p.m.-Official Procession -

Members of Board of Governors,

the Senate, Academic and Administrative staff and
student representatives proceed from the Univeirsity
• Centre Building to area just inside of Library.

3:35 p.m.-Official Opening -

Dr. M. W. Bartley, Chairman of

Board of Governors welcomes Senator N. M. Paterson,
Chancellor of Lakehead University at foyer of Library
Building. Dr. Bartley addresses the guests.
Senator Paterson officially opens the Library.

3:40 p.m.-Tour of Building -

Mr. Eric Belton, Chief Librarian,

conducts official party on tour of building.
Inspection of rare books presented by The Friends of
Lakehead University Library.

4:00 p.m.-Official Tour of Residence addition.

4:15 p.m.-Recepiion in Great Hall -

Senator N. M. Paterson,

Dr. M. W. Bartley and Dr. W. G. Tamblyn receive
guests of the University attending the opening.

�SENATOR NORMAN McLEOD PATERSON
Lakehead University Chancellor Senator Norman McLeod
Paterson was born in Portage la Prairie, lVIan. in 1883. He was
educated in public schools in Winnipeg and Toronto and in
1908 established his present firm in Fort William. N. M. Paterson
and Sons Ltd. owns and operates more than 100 grain elevators
between Fort William and Saskatchewah and has 31 lake
freighters.
Senator Paterson was appointed Knight of the Order of St.
John by King George VI in November, 1945. He was summoned
to the Senate on Feb. 9, 1940. During his career he has been
past president of the Canadian Club and the Victorian Order of
Nurses.

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                    <text>m

m

IQ'

ec

Lakehead University

no o

�Library Technology Is A Career
What Is A Library Technologist?
A Library Technologist or Technician is a new
type of library employee trained at the postsecondary school level to assist Librarians.
Training
Library Technologists receive intensive training in
the techniques and basic methods of Library
Science. In a two-year program, they are exposed
to the basic theories and rules but the emphasis of
the program is on practical experience.
Personal Oualif ications
It has been said that the most important qualities
a Librarian may have are strong feet and a sense
of humour. This also applies to Technologists.
Although they may find they are continually on
their feet, they will never be bored. Those with
intelligence, enthusiasm, wit and a desire to serve
are well equipped to meet the challenge of modern
library service. At the end of each day, they
experience a tremendous sense of accomplishment
and satisfaction.
Book Or People Oriented?
In Library work, people come first. The needs of
the Library patrons are paramount. This does not
mean Library Technologists are not book lovers
and do not appreciate the immense value of the
book to mankind. They are also trained to use
all other types of print and non-print materials
whether periodicals, motion pictures, audiotapes
or videotapes.
Are Libraries Out-Of-Date?
Library personnel must not only keep abreast with
the times -but must be alert to new developments
and fields of study. They must anticipate the
future needs of their cl ientele. Therefore, Technologists must be familiar with all the latest equipment and methods used in the transmission of
information through the media.
Variety Of Work
Library Technologists have found employment in
public, college, university and school libraries.
Positions are now opening up in government
libraries and special libraries which serve business,
industry and organizations. Within each library,
the work serves such a range of duties that no
talent is left unemployed. There is no field of
knowledge that does not have some application
in library work.

... :

-· ........ . ..:..:~.
• .•·

''

;

/

'. ;{ ; \, ,

1;.

�r For You

Is There A Future In This Field?
The future is excellent for those Technologists who
are mature, energetic and have a sense of adventure.
Exciting opportunities exist in all parts of Canada,
from the east to the west coast, from the southern
border to the Territories. There is an increasing
demand for graduates with some science b:lckground.
The Lakehead University program includes subjects
which are full credit courses toward a Bachelor of
Arts degree and , therefore, provides an open door
to future advancement.
Working Conditions.
Salaries are increasing and fringe benefits are
improving. General recognition of the technician
in Library Service is now a fact.
But most
important of all,
Library work is enjoyable
and rewarding.
For More Information
Contact the School of Library Technology at
Lakehead University.
If you wish to make an
appointment with us, one of the teaching staff
wi 11 be very pleased to meet with you and to show
you around the School's facilities.

�for your
information
•

a variety of degree and diploma programs
Six professional courses are grouped in the Faculty of
University Schools - Business Administration ... Engineering ... Forestry ... Library Technology ... Nursing ...
Physical and Health Education.
The Faculties of Arts, Science, and Education include the
other disciplines.

•

exciting new facilities
A student body close to the three-thousand mark, integrated
with the dynamic architecture of a spacious campus overlooking majestic Lake Superior and the Sleeping Giant . . .
significant international representation blending with active
student organizations ... time and space for the development
of individuality.
Fieldhouse, olympic swimming pool, tunnels connecting
campus buildings complete with shopping mall, boutiques, and
banking facilities ... high-capacity computer facilities with
connecting terminals.

•

located in Thunder Bay
Equidistant between the former c1t1es of Port Arthur and
Fort William, with a comfortable cosmopolitan population of
one-hundred thousand. At the head of the Great Lakes, a
zesty climate and brilliant sunshine make water sports,
hunting, fishing and hiking even more enjoyable; and five
excellent ski areas, several within minutes of the campus,
provide a unique luxury. An airport ten minutes off campus,
as well as main-line train and bus service, provide first-rate
transportation.

•

admission information
Fees and awards . . . special consideration for mature
students ... residence or town accommodation.

For further information, please contact:
The Registrar, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.

MEDIA SERVICES

3·73·2M-CC

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