735 10 13267 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2735/1974_Vol_1_No._12_CV01.pdf 5f0c5a6556c3be1fdded58661dad90b1 PDF Text Text ilitkisli\\%1'ts 44,0 ak -ace. 4400* PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL POLICY The newsletter group,(a separate yet supportive group of the Northern Women's Centre)reflects the complexity of the make up of the Northern Woments Centre as a whole. Being a smaller, unified group, editorial board of The Northern Woman will the attempt through collective creative and thought-provoking comments, to respond to, and express (through a consensus of opinion) their reactions to various articles, letters and timely topics of interest. Through such a policy it is hoped Woman will become a tool for women that The Northern to develop an increased understanding of their situation and forces affecting their lives. EDITORIAL: Our cover is a reproduction (thanks to Doreen) of a poster created by The Chicago Women's Collective. We feel it is particularly appropriate this month as we are dealing in part with a VERY FRUSTRATING ISSUE -- R A P E. It has been calculated that a rape takes place in the U.S. about every 7 minutes; few, however, are reported and even fewer are convicted. Here in Northwestern Ontario there are several rape cases presently in the courts, Unfortunately, it is doubtful that these cases will produce any earth-shattering results -- in fact, little can be done until vast changes in our legal system and our social attitudes are brought about and this can only happen if we unite in our actions. rnly through a vast restructuring of our present society will the basic cause of rape be eliminated. Suggestions, reactions to and defence against rape (such as those suggested in the articles on 'Rape') are necessary as Istop-gap defence techniques, for the present. It must be realized, however, that they are only stop-gap, band-aid actions which treat the disease rather than the cause. A deepar analysis, then, of the PROBLEM ust be made, and the appropriate action -- a UNITED ACTION -- must be taken. SPEAK OUT MORGENTALER SENTENCED TO l5 MONTHS IN PRISON Dr. Kenry Morgentaler, who has described Canadats abortion laws as "immoral, discredited and an affront to the people," was sentenced July 25th to 18 months in prison. A three-year probation period (during which Morgentaler is forbidden to perform abortions except in an approved hospital) was also imposed. c °K.+. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Our :eartion: Wc are outrage(' p-e,:ent ahortl)-, The appel2ate court decision over sror,' A +4- a-, 4- 1`. of last NovH-:r when a Court of ueents Penh jury acluitter3 Morentnler. c'n deny women a very LafAc freedom....f-pFdom of the right ::c-,, we are further in 011-00: inecnze(' that a competent doctor, who rtrcncly telie.e2 in justice, w' h. s teen -'..enior, Touf.7,hobt the tr7Lal, Morrentaler attr-.cker3 C:anaa'L !:lbortion laws the frordorr, of erying out Fin professional Obty. as part of I.hir defenre.for s jc tice, am !,J,rking not ordv for me hut for the -women of 'Tanada, rentene he sai during pre - orumer.ts earTler this "1 ca.nnot- believe that_ an or immoral law c_an be up-IHeld for zr.7)ntb- en Thin opprerrfon eonstitutes thre-,_t to the further denial of other basic frPe=Thms. WE MUST ACT N n f *oat e still believe Very strongly I hat what I di was .n..ot kno per,tae Pr te your Fl, P. only. morally requlre(r) r-ight buJ. The n. P. Andras r House of Commons Ont. Yr. P. McRae, M.P. House. of Commons Ottawa, Ont. Mr. KeitY. l'enner, lioue of Commons Ont voice your stronr opposition to thin outrageous violation of our rights. The Northern Women Centre is pleased to announce that we have found a co-ordinator, Estella Howard Friedlander has taken on the duties of organizing the volunteers, setting up programs, establishing an office routine etc. etc. The centre is open from 10:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. daily and most evenings for meetings or just dropping in from 7:00 pm. 10:00 p.m. Lots of things are going to he happening - consciousness raising, study groups, action groups - watch for them-and participate WE NEED YOU. Phone 623-3107 - Drop in - 132 North Archibald Street, second floor. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �special report KENORA, ONTARIO, September, 1974 The.Charge: M. C., K. C., D. B. charged with "unlawful intercourse with a female, not the wife of any of them without her consent, extorted by threats of bodily harm, gross indecency, and causing bodily harm with intent to wound, maim or disfigure." The Law: Mr Justice Goodman Defense counsel John Bowles, Winnipeg Crown Attorney Ted Burton, Kenora. Complaintive: Ms. C. B. G. 35years, treaty Indian from Morson, Ontario, mother of 13 year old and 15 year old. April 1, 1974-April 5, 1974. Trial #1: Ms. B. G. drinking at a local hotel with a male relative. Approached in a friendly manner by D. B., joined him for a drink, accepted a ride home as he was living near her place. Accepted a further invition for a drink in his apartment. Immediately after she entered the apartment, two men entered, K.C. and M.C. She was then violated by all three of them over a period of 2 1/2 hours. After her testimony, a mistrial was declared--her lawyer, Mr. Burton had been seen talking to one of the jurors during a court recess!! Trial #2: June 10, 1974-June 14, 1974 The Facts To be guilty of rape there must be vaginal-penis penetration without Only one of the accused entered her in this particular manner. Point of Interest- -the other two could have been charged as accessories yet all were not guilty of rape. 1. consent. 2. Her lawyer, in court, made a statement of his cordial feelings toward the M.C. family, in effect supportive to one of the accused. Point of Interest--"good" family breeds "good boy"??? 3. Some of the blood, semen and saliva specimens found on washcloth matched those of complaintive and defendents. Clothes identified as hers were found by police in apartment of D.B. Someone urinated on her hair. Someone cut off a strand of her hair. She was able to identify the three accused out of a police lineup, She took police to the appartment where the assault took place. Point of Interest--rape report phoned to police department about 4:15a.m. Repeat call made at 4:35a.m. Police arrived at 4:55a.m. (40 minutes for guilty to cover any evidence). 4. A taxi driver testified'h- drove the three men and a native woman to D.B. apartment. Point of interest--when questioned by police the next day, the dispatcher PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ONTARIO, September, 1973 cont'd J had no record of the trip. She questioned all the drivers and they denied the fare. If the four left together couldn't someone at the bar testify to that fact?? An "ornament" with several locks of hair was admitted to evidence. Policeman testified that he had a strand resembling her Her hair was not present. hair but had lost the exhibit. Point of Interest--so who else has gone through a similar ordeal? 5. Mr. B. testified as father of D.B. that he was upstairs the entire time of the alleged assault. He heard three men and a native woman go to the apartment in the basement. Nothing unusual was heard. There was no music as the stereo was broken. Point of Interest--He "heard a native woman"??? He refused to make a M.C. and Ms. B.G. both testifid the stereo was playing. statement to the police! 6. The Decision: 1. 2. 3. D.B. received 26 3 K.C. received 24 M.C. received 18 months months months months for gross indecency common assault. for gross indecency. for gross indecency. These are not the actual length of time these men will serve as they are likely to receive an early parole. , The Local Rumour: The convicted men have not yet begun to serve their sentences as they are fighting the sentence. True or false?? L. S. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor ONISINIMMMIIIMMINermmmwarftworanwomminwereierioc______ �LETTERS July 26, 1974 To Whom It May Concern: The Northern Women's Centre of Thunder Bay has been following the case of Cecilia Big George and Kenneth Carlson, Douglas Brown and Michael Cedarwall. Ms. nig George has been degraded, humiliated and hurt emotionally for life. These three men only received a charge of "gross indecency" and you call this justice!!! Our deepest sympathy goes out to Ms. Big George and her family. As a group of women, we feel this case oppressive and unjust towards women. For years man have been raping women and have been set free by our 'just' law!! Many rapes have never been reported because of the humiliation and degradation experiencedby women in the court rooms. When a woman has enough courage (as Ms. Big George did) to take the case to court, she is abused and held in suspicion by the court. She probably asks herself "Why did I go to the law?" The Women's Centre has had discussions concerning this case and have come up with certain questions -- 1. Why is it that the jury was made up of eleven men and one woman?? 2. Why were there no native people on the jury -- has Kenora not been called a racist town -- then why was the case not taken to another city??? 3. Why did the doctor not make a thorough examination -- was this not mentioned in the court room by the judge as "unprofessional attitude" -- and what is being done about this doctor's attitude??? . Ms. Big George must have gone through pure hell and we must admire her courage. We at the Northern Women's Centre are behind her one hundred percent and feel that not only has she been raped by these three (who were found innocent of the charge of rape), but she has also been ravished by the justice system of Canada. E.E.P. PykPrman I try not to think about that night (was it that long?) but it hard to forget within the closed boundries of this court room. Its a crazy situation, you know. I find myself questioning the reasons behind it all. Was it my fault? Did I, in fact, deserve it? Had I encouraged an attack? I have to stop degrading myself! Do people actually believe I wanted to get raped? As a native woman should i have been fully aware and prepared for the consequences taking into consideration I am a woman, especially an Indian woman. God damn! Self-doubt is so cruel. Why must I feel guilty? I did nothing! Those men did it..they did it I must tell you what happened. Although you might not believe women to be innocent of inviting rape, please try for your own sake to put yourself in my position. You might have found yourself at one time or other in a similar circumstance but only a slim line separates what happened to me from what can happen to you. It was getting late....the bar was /going to close soon. I had been ,/ waiting for a girlfriend who didn't show up. I had beer but I was PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copyaoffew CVISION PDFCompressor not drunk. �A man came over and we began to talk. I can't remember if we introduced ourV...selves, but his name is now well-known to me. Bloor. He seemed nice enough. He asked if I -would like a ride home as he lived /Close to the home where I was staying. `I- I said yes. What would You have done, -truthfully? We went out to the car alone. I remember feeling a closeness to him; v' the kind that accompanies a kind gesture toward you. Everyone enjoys being a matter of concern to some else A matter of minutes later, he asked if /1 would come to his house for a drink. V The night was pleasant...so was he. I consented. Was that wrong? Are all women hopelessly naive to man's intentions? woman One man whose name I did not know then but I do know now, Cotter, said "Shall we strip her and rape her?" Thoughts seered through my brain. This couldn't be happening to me! I looked toward the door. They must have sensed my intention as I was informed that no one was in the house and it would be useless to try anything. That was a joke! I might have stood a chance with one man...but three? What utter helplessness can compare to this! They started taking my clothes off. My brain, somewhat overloaded with the weight of my situation repeated over and over that it was an impossible situation. I didn't hear myself protest to them, I didn't hear anything... just their voices that seemed to echo from a different realm. - This was indeed hell. I feel a blow to my head and I am shoved rudely onto the bed. Bloor did it. Did I get up? Did I struggle? I remember sitting down when I came in, but when did I get up? Bloor positioned himself to my left; Cotter was to my right and the other man, Caine, stood near my feet. Wall took my pants off. I closed my eyes...I couldn't stand to watch. They finished stripping me. Would it satisfy people to say I struggled? I didn't. They would have killed me. I know that now. Are you asking if I had intentions myself? I am not a child. My sexual drives are as any other woman if you are truthful about it. I can assume the responsibility of wanting to sleep with him...but not that which actually,/ happened. Is there some codified law or language of man that ensures sexual access to any woman by any man within the range of SOD miles merely by accepting a drink in a man's apartment? I must go on. We stopped at a house and I followed him down /to his basement suite. I sat down cm4-4-11re-tred /avid- seconds later I heard footsteps approach the room which Bloor and I occupied. Then they walked in. - Many of you might recognize the rush of fear that envelops you. felt as if someone had kicked me in the stomach. There was reason for this fear...instinctive...rational? No I. matter. It was there. :Araeti, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I felt a man's weight on my chest. Bloor sat on my breasts and before I could protest he shoved his penis into my mouth. I cannot describe my repulsion! At the same time Cane had inserted his tongue into my vagina. I was sickened and shamed beyond belief. But this was not enough for them. Cotter demanded that I masturbate him...I pulled my hand away and a surge of pain went through me when I felt something hot pressed against my finger-nail. A cigarette! They were putting me through this incredible torment and one man was actually having a leisurally smoke! My body and my mind were beyond comprehending the situation from one second to another. How long had this been going on? What would they do to me next. "Suriti-yeu_bitch". Bloor climaxed in my mouth. I felt sick. My thoughts clashed in my brain. It was too much for my psyche to handle! I remember thinking that is only there was someone to help me; if someone would just appear, then I would have fought with every ounce of strength I had. Si-s-t-ersonly___y_au---11-ad-beeii there! Caine tried to insert his penis into my vagina. Bloor moved off and I fell off the bed. The impact did not hurt me.. I was beyond that kind of pain. I remember seeing those men do those things and yet not see them. It was as though I was watching a movie on a screen. Perhaps it was all in my mind My brain could not handle that which my body knew. I remember clearly what happened next. I won't forget. Bloor stood near my head. Raising his penis he told Caine "I'm going to piss on her face". Oh, God! Caine turned my face away but I felt the warm, bitter mel.ling liquid dripping through my hair. At the same time Caine climaxed inside inside me. He didn't stop. There seems to be a void where time is concerned. It seemed as hours had gone by before Caine finally got off me. I sat up somewhat dazed and said that I wanted to go. They did all that could be done to degrade a woman. Or did they? They stood huddled in a group away from me. I heard one say to the other that I "was good" and that he should try me. He said "no", I think. My breath felt suspended; my body and soul that of someone else when I heard the next words. Bloor - "Lets drive her somewhere and kill her?" This couldn't be happening to me! Caine - "No". I have to breathe! Bloor - "Lets stick a bottle up her." He's sick! I want to stick my fingers into his eyes...to claw at his throat. Cotter - "Its my turn." Not again! to walk again. No. I want to go. Just to he able Cotter - "Lay down." No. I said. He pushed me over...face to the wall. He is thrusting his penis into my rectum. The pain! Someone has grabbed my hair! What is he deing7 Bloor announced suddenly..."There, I've scalped an Indian". He cut my hair. a knife With what? My God if he has There's blood on the sheet. Is it mine, I'm asked. I don't know. My body is not mine. I'm observing this from afar. A finger is in my vagina. "Yes, its yours." Mine? Mine? Bloor has a rope in his hand. There are bells on the end of it. They ring as he whips it against my hack. I can still hear those bells. The pain is mine...the body is not. I asked Cotter to stop Bloor from hurting me. His answer was to stick his finger in my vagina as he could not get hard inside me. I begged him not to hurt me. My face is forced towards Cotter's penis and he thrusts it in my mouth. My mind is swarming with hatred. and shame. Bloor and Caine are laughing and saying, "Go to her Cotter, give her one for me." Within seconds I felt blows against my head. My ears rang and my head throbbed. Something warm ran from my nose and I tasted blood in my mouth. Bloor kept kicking. C El\-\\ch PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I feel a sickening waim liquid fill my mouth and pray this is the last. God I just want to go home. I lay there motionless, maybe now these men will free me. They're going to kill me! I felt myself sinking into oblivion. It will be over soon. Caine saw the blood. He stopped Bloor. What happened after that is in some doubt. Caine was washing my face...I remember that Bloor left the room. !:verything stopped. My mind hesitated in acknowledging that the ordeal was over, but my main compulsion was to run even to the point of begging for help from rapists. I begged Caine to walk out with me. Bloor was evil...a sadist, more so than the others. My body warned me, my mind warned me. Caine knew and complied. I remember looking for my clothes, but I don't recall when I dressed. Caine and I somehow ended up in the street. He walked me to the end of theI block. started to run. How long I ran I don't know. I stopped and looked behind. What if they followed me.? Perhaps they changed their minds about killing me. No one was there. My lungs were burSting; my body wracked with feelings indescribable. I ran toward the bushes and there in solitude I sat on a rock and cried. The emotional release was painful and yet welcomed. Somehow I knew that I should and had to do something. Feeling alone and yet determined nevertheless I decided my course of action. I phoned the police. The ordeal had lasted 2 1/2 honr. Those men are in th just heard that the the rape charge. T on the lesser charg common assault with So this is justice! defiled me are to b They say that the j some kind of terms the men if not with This is only one of in our legal system. language that might she asking for it? Women can comprehen to me...but I am su imagine the full ex and mentally this e now. These atrocities ha happen again. Wome be made aware that vaginal penetration If you can prove yo accordance with this one man raped me in But emotional, spiri possible. Anal, ora it is still rape. There are four diffe that ornament. What How they must suffer they made to believe Is it better to rema your guts on the tab it is treated with r PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �In this society, any situation is a come-on for rape and only one criteria seems necessary...be a woman. Regardless of your past, your age, race, etc. AS A WOMAN YOU ARE A POTENTIAL RAPE VICTIM AND THE SOCIETY THAT IS SUPPOSED ,TO PROTECT YOU INSTEAD ASSUMES THAT YOU TAKE THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF BEING WOMEN, OPPRESSED WOMEN. I can still hear the crown attorney's words -- "Now, Mrs. C, you're a married woman .with two children... you knew what you were doing when you accepted a ride from this man and agreed to go into his home." Indeed, the onus is on us. The crime committed was not against the state, it was not against me; it was a crime against women...all women. We can fight these men, but that is not the answer. The laws governing women and rape and the interpretation of rape must be changed. For OUR sake, in the name of humanity and sisterhood...UNITE! D. WINKO (The above was based on an actual rape case.) Women Organize Against Rape -- Rose-Marie Neuman - was not t e women w o were comWe know that rape is very seldom almost nviction. women mitting the rapes, perhaps it would be best to inflict a ten o'clock ommon n of the curfew upon all men. Since this sort of thing would never happen in Canada, the question then becomes what does a woman who's been raped do with her on the should anger? Furthermore, what can be done to stop rape from happening? etc. In Rape Crisis Centers ape. In on the e does; em with governa curfew on the Premier since it The beSt solution so far to deal with our frustration is the Rape Crisis Center. A rape crisis center's primary purpose is to deal with the medical 1 I Is PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �rus ra ion am., problems of women who have been raped. Initial contact with the victim is most often by telephone. The volunteer who answers the phone usually is not a trained counsellor of any sort. Her purpose would be to act as a friend. She or another volunteer would accompany the vic- anger tim to the hospital and/or police should she decide to prosecute. She could then talk to the victim about the experience and help her talk to her family about it. Sometimes it is necessary for the victim to get in contact with professionals such as are lawyers, gynecologists and psychologists. The rape crisis center can 4Iso make the initial contacts with these people, some of whom may work regularly on a volunteer basis with the center. The most important function of risen g the center, however, is the availability of warm, accepting people td whom the victim can relate the experience without feeling guilt or shame. The rape crisis center should be staffed exclusively by women on a twenty-four hour basis. The main reason for this lies in the fact that if a woman has been raped, quite often she could not and would not relate to a man no matter how warm and accepting he may be. Self Defence The martial arts are not the only forms of self-defence we can employ. Get together with some friends and wrestle and spar with each other. Take turns playing victim and attack-. er. Practice with each other. By belief that there is usually going to be a man around to protect them. doing this, you can also help break down some of our fears and inhibitions and build up confidence in our While growing up most women were not taught or encouraged to protect themselves. Many were discouraged or picking up objects to throw or Women have been raised with the from fighting or any of the other so-called masculine traits like getting angry. Consequently, we feel helpless and have no idea of the strength and potential power in our own bodies. We also have no idea how to deal with our anger and - yes -- even how to hurt someone if necessary. Every woman should learn some basic techniques of self-defence. The most common forms of self-defence one usually thinks of are karate, judo, kung-fu, etc. These are obvi- abilities to defend ourselves. Staying 'alert is important. It increases your possibilities of running strike with. A most effective response when grabbed from the front is a fast and hard knee to the attacker's groin. If attacked from behind, move body to drive your' elbow into the attacker's stomach region. Above all, one should not be . afraid to hurt the attacker. If you, as a woman, are about to be raped or assaulted you should do whatever you can with all the strength and power you can muster. ously the best and most effective forms of protecting ourselves. If you have the opportunity to study any of the martial arts, by all means, do so. They will all increase your agility, reflex action, self-confidence, and physical strength. Thunder Bay---What Are We Doing? Our city needs a rape crisis center and more, better, and free self-defence classes for women. Presently there is nowhere a rape victim can turn here. The majority of local doctors PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �KARATE and police officials are unsympathet- ic and cannot deal effectively with the victim's problems. Perhaps one of the functions of the Women's tMP'I' Center (if we get the funding) can be to establish a rape crisis center. Until 'Basically, karate is a series of self-defence and counter-attack tactics based on traditional movements. These are run into formal series called "katas" in Japanese, and they are taught and practised without change year after year. we do get together and organize, nothing can or will happen. Other Suggestions Various other cities have tried and are trying new methods of dealing with the problem of rape in their only with rape victims. Women in other cities have organized transportation systems -and taxi-cab services for women who must be on the street late at night. There are even vigilante squads forming where a group of women will search out a rapist who has not been convicted and beat him up. Violent? Maybe. But somehow i feel it, in this case, justifiable. When women are frustratat 1 KARATE is an unusual activity in that the experts are not in full agreement upon its aims. Selfdefenee or sport? Exercise or philosophy? It is a dynamic form of self-defence, but no form of defence, however effective, can guarantee to make you secure against any form of attack. If someone unseen hits you over the head from behind with a bottle, no karate ability will help you. communities. New York has a seven-woman police rape squad who deal ed AA D every attempt to go about One importance of karate or selfdefence to women is in the development of the reflexes to the degree that you would be prepared to defend or ward off a blow and then have time to run. achieving satisfaction through legal channels what other alternatives do they have? Women are becoming more and more angry with the lot they've been given in our society. Rape is one of the sources of this anger. "It is not the police, the courts, or men who will stop rape. Only women wilt stop rape!" And it will only stop when it becomes as Most attacks can be warded off with the urearm. The soft inner side should never be used as this leaves the arteries open to injury. dangerous to attack a woman as it is to attack another man. Oh, come off Thunder Gay Hydro Inquiry Nn. 74 42 TeniitIr clnAing: Tuesday. July 30, 12:00 NOONPlia...-- Immediately after warding off a blow or delivering one of your own, your arm should be withdrawn. It is important that even defensive movements should be made constructively. To push the attacker's arm 1914 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �revolution, the family unit has been scaled down from an extended family, involving family members other than parents and children, to a nuclear family consisting of father, mother and children. This unit, the basic unit upon which the economy relies and through which family life is ensured operated as an isolated unit in fulfilling these functions. It is maintained primarily through labour outside the home, most often designated to men, with women providing a maintenance function within the r.---aiwa5, when he strikes at you may be effective in that it prevents the blow landing, but it does nothing to stop a second attempt being made. If, instead, the blow is deflected with a powerful chopping action so delivered that the sharp edge of the forearm makes contact with the underside of the attacker's forearm, forearm, the result is decisive and painful. home. In examining the role of women in society, we see that labour both within the home and within the labour force, can be assessed with the same criteria as is a male in terms of value to the economy. The terms of reference are use value and exchange value, and help us clarify not so much how the economy operates through the nuclear family, but why our labours both inside and outside the home have inherent importance to the economic'system by which we are governed. It is not essential for women to attend regular classes for an extended period of time. Three or four basic movements learned properly and practised regularly are all that is necessary. The important thing is to BE ALERT and QUICK ENOUGH to ACT INSTINCTIVELY and then R U N CORKY THE NUCLEAR FAMILY The family of today, termed the nuclear family, derives its form in the historical evolution of the family and its relationship to the economy. (*see Historical development of the Family,- The Northern Woman, issue xi, July 74, pg. 10). Since the industrial . As labourers within the home, rearing children, performing housework tasks, our labour is said td have a use value to society. As there is no further or direct monetary value resulting from our labours there is no exchange value. The exception of course would be if we performed these tasks for pay, as would housekeepers. Our labour outside the home in the capacity of clerks, stenographers, switch board operaters, textile workers etc. has again a use value to society as well as an exchange value. Our efforts in our work have a more visible effect on the economy, in very simplistic terms. At this point it is important to examine more closely the role of women to the family, within the home.. While this labour is absolutely vital to the perpetuation of our society, it is regarded on the whole as demeaning, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Osecond rate, important enough--but 0 relegated to women. Women as well, 0 view their labours as mothers, wives and home workers with as much disrespect, accepting these tasks as a source of free labour. Any social responsibility is thus avoided and the alternative of collective responsibility allowing women access to more meaningful labour in the labour force is neatly circumvented. Women in the work force often carry the ideas of inferiority to the wort place in accepting wages and conditions well beneath the rights and dignity of any working person. By working as well in the home, two jobs are fulfilled at the price of one salary. (*see further discussion in next issue of the Northern Woman--Working Women). While it would be incorrect to understate the relationship of the family both as economic unit, fundamental to our economy, and as the source of all family life; it must be understood that with a change of roles, particularily as more and more women enter force the role of women to the family is also changing. More and more women are calling for the responsibility of day care to be assumed by society to further enable women to participate fully in the labour force and to ensure adequate child care. It is through such expression that women can activly participate in the ongoing development of the family unit. SHELAGH MUNDY "OUR SYMPATHY AND THOUGHTS GO OUT TO BETTY J. ON THE RECENT DEATH OF HER FATHER" C11,ANG7,-ON STT-21-' TO WOIr-L-NIS 7QUALITY rre Canadian legal system helps perpetuate women's position of inequality in our society'. 1:any of the laws affecting women were originally introduced to protect the interests of the male dominated propertied family, to ensure the'pmeuetion of "le,;it4mate" heirs to reass on the family (le. the fatherts) wealth. Thus, ds defined in the law, marriage is little more than the exchange of a wife's sexual fidelit:r for economic support by her' husband. these laws, created to ;.protect the interests of property owners cause hardship to wo:ren of all classes. 'fost couples enter marriage s a partnership but the legal system is more'irtarestd in the average fa si l y as an economic unit in which the ndividu.' couple :is forced to ,(car the costs and provide the labour necessary for raising children with virtually no support from society. The husband is held 1,,ally responsible for the economic support of his wife and children and, in return, the wife cares for the children and keeps house. Corporations thus vcape the costs ofprovidini7, the facilities and benefits which would free women of the extra burden of work in the home and allow us to enter the work force on equal terms with men. The lack of effective laws on equal pay and equal job opportunities further ensures ,4omen's particul&rly intensive exploitation. at work and economic dependence in toil: family. In,7ED7T7' LEGAL CHANG7S A777. NrED7T2 ' qual pay legislation rust. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �To Women's floual4tv Chanre-Orm S as the be strengthened and defender teeth posed of women's rights promising tc put in.. the oqual job by opporthe requirement of t-!).ntyabolish laws. rides home from work for womell right They 7Zarria g e workers. must be recogI7ed n did not explain, in the law anhowever, an equalhow a stroke of the penwith suddenly makes the partnership, the wife streets of Ontario safe for having the right to half at property night. The the women marital and real beneficiaries of such incompatitlIty the a move will the employers, not of be dl.,Torco. mustthe he women. maa'e less costly and lens len;'-ty. Unfortunately, the abolition of this protective legislation nr7u,il "fielity" the applauded by women who eonditien for our legal will never face the necessity be rcoved of right work. No cn.e r tbe books. Thin demar n consulted the women wZrl.ern -ges in property laws, involved. Changes in our the preccure during rape 7751 system must come only cases, and an end to disafter con:,ultatien with crimination aga'nnt wor,en's organi,ations the children. labour movement, and representatives of the women most must be remormd directly affected by the changes. criminalcodo. -,12. laws wh.i ch make wort-r. r, CPA O'ES ARE WEEDED ion of maintenance support nhoUld sponsilllity of tlic laws must be o al7ow women to essive situ.:_` inn eing penadned b-T ur children or rir,hts. 'A woman able to accept another locality he permission o f nd. v-,T, I? t for legal refor, against accepting ualdty", against sound fine in hich ignore the men's oppression frets the lefTal The Tory govern.xample, recently Legal reform is an it -tep forward in the for - ,emen's r-uality , bficht ut it is only one step. ror(ten's oppression Is due to more than archaic laws and malc-chauvinist ideas. It is maintained by an economic system in which, corporations profit from women's low 1,ages -t and refuse to provide iercices and benefits needed to replace our labour in the home. The strug-le for women's equAity before the lsw must be combined with struggles for day care for every child as a right, educational, opports-rities for women, paid --eternity leave, adequate medical facilities for maternity care and to ensure our right to abortion, and equal pay and equal opportunity in all fields of employment. These struggles will require PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �:_:ter campaigns of women groups, trade unons and political parties--in fact, and men who see the necessity for women's ',11ch struggles are equality. an important part of the overall fight to force governments to recover and use for August Proclaimed Anti-Rape month of all woe tThs bone:fit of t1-.e 1Canadan people some of the wealth nonopoly forporations have taken from us all. NEM YORK (Reuter) - A to-hand combat unless you are I coalition of women's groups a master or mistress at judo or 4 has proclaimed August anti- karate," Lieut. Mary Keefe, irape month and called Wednes- commanding officer of the sex ilday on police, hospitals, courts crimes analysis unit warned. and legislators to stop viewing If the rapist is provoked hr rape victims as the criminal. may become even more violent, A spokesman for the group sh, said. "Your best defences women said arc "often per- are to scream and run." scented by police who do not believe her, doctors who are A policewoman said victims assssted by police range from lg . The fight for legal reform is one important; step to women's equality. The fight for full equcility is just beinrI_ni;--it In an integral part of the struggle for ()alinm In Canada. anything hut -.ensitive or profes-.:months to R7 years of age. lsional, lawyers who put her sex,. 41ife on trial, and legislators who Sally McGee, of the Women's make laws based on the myth Political Caucus, demanded to he that legislators enact rape-law reforms. The proposals would fi raped." "Rape is the rapist's crime, end requirements for corroborathat all women want .; not the victim's. The sooner all tion-as New York did last women understand that. and all March-and prohibit testimony men believe it the sooner we'll on the victim's sex life, as Cab he able to wipe rapists off the forma did a few months ago, face of the earth." said Scottie eprin.ted -fro irrl The '::omen's Subcommittee of the Metro Toronto Comr,ittee, communist l'art y of Welch, co-ordinator of the NaItional Organirartion for Women's Rape Prevention Committee. A demonstration of how to at tY-1 4-11, sack the attacker was given a news conference at & police A i centre here. A petite policewomen from the sex crimes. demonstrated Canada. analysis unit simple attacks for use on a would-he rapist-eveq' or throat. kneeing punching stomach, kirk Ong shine. and grinding heel Into :!instep "like putting out a cigti WHv YOU SHOULD BOYCOTT YOUR POSTAL CODE 7.; rette." DON'T PROVOKE "One good ppuneh may help :save you, but never use hand- ti Jobs at post offices are being steadily lAasel out by a,_Itcm9tion. After all vry has autom.:Ition. the i::ovrnment paid vast sums to develop our tech,nclogy if not to brnefit as a whole. In!:tead of .-,onditiorin gdtting 1),,,tter d,-;.e tb 1-ettf,r with a "7--:rF. are rry.r to t17e mrrd, ard intellIp.enc,e of and more dliretly tke postal workers are losini7 deserved orditens the7 ar.c jol-s, pay and scniorit7. 1refitn - the cnefits of fir eir yers of work. The postal workers are not fighting against increased technology but rather, only want a say - a say in their future. This is their right. We, therefore, must support them - not only because they are right but also to assert our right to have a say in the use and beneffts of increased scientific knowledge to benefit all of womankind and *1- mankind, too). PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �THE ONTARIO ANTI-POVER. ORGANIZATT ON.I CX?A LITION THUNDER BAY'S M MBER'S ON COUNCIL The organization is an alliance comprised of low-income groops. organized into which is called The Ontario Anti-Poverty Organization/Coalition, trade unions, community organizations, church .groups and professional workers, all of whom are dedicated to the elimination of poverty in the Province of Ontario. THE STATED AIMS AND PRINCIPLES OF THE OAPO/COALITION INCLUDE: -The Guaranteed Adequate Annual Income for all. Full Employment Policies. -Canadian Development of Canada's natural resources. -Safe end adequate housing at prices all can afford. -Prescription drugs, dental care, and all health services under OHIP. -Equality in employment--equal pay _for equal work. - Expanded clay-care services for all. -peace --in our community, and throughout the werld. "...insufficient access to certain goods, services and conditions of life which are available to every one else and have come to be accepted as basic to a decent minimum standard of living." It is a sad commentary on our way of life, especially in this day and age of space travel, when science and technology have taken such spectacular leaps forward, and when the wealth and -affluence of the privileged few have been so greatly increased, that we have yet to solve, or even begin to come to grips with in a credible manner, the physically and spirit-ravaging condition of the veritable army of dispossessed who are forced to live in this province and country below minimum health and decency standards. The organization is deeply concerned bout the extent o which.the large r.ber of working poor are forced to enffer a bleak existence in the most abject and agonizing conditions of poverty. However, the organization urges all se cal services agencies to support certain recommendations which we feel will go a long way in era& icating poverty from this wealthy nr vince of ours. - SIZE AND SHAPE OF TIE PROBLEMa.. Poverty on the federal, provincial, and rannicipal level is among the most serious and distressing problems facing our society today, and the size and shape of the problem is truly one of staggerirg proportions and of the greatest magnitude. rm:enz statistics reveal that over five million Canadians, in excess of one-quarter of our population, live below the poverty line, which has been defined by the conomic Council of Canada as, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Ontario Anti-Poverty Organization/Coalition cont'd It goes without saying that the poor are not poor of their own choosing; they are the front-line casualties and victims of the social and economic system under which we live and the way in which all levels of government have failed to provide a full employment economy. The vast majority of the poor want jobs at adequate wages and the social and educational opportunities that have been denied them. 'he work ethic is not dead. The very fact that over 60 per cent J3f. Ontario's poor are working poor, with thousands working for wages below the poverty level and less than what they would receive on welfare rolls, is evidence enough that the work ethic is alive and well. Insult has been added to injury in that the mein reforos embodied in our present Federal-Provincial social security programs have been granted largely as political concessions by governments of the day, designed to create a delicate balance between yielding enough to take the steam out of any expressions of social unrest being exhibited by the mass of Canadians, and leaving the distribution of wealth and power undisturbed and in the hands of the privileged few. Seen in this light, our social welfare measures are not only a "hopeless failure", in terms of the unmet needs of those they are supposed to help, but they contribute very largely to the critical imbalance and inequality of incomes which exists, a situation in which the real wealth and assets of the country are being concentrated in even fewer hands at the top. This point has prompted Canadian Senator Chesley W. Carter to make a rather revealing and startling observation: "If every working man and woman knew and understood what that inequality meant, and the economic implications it had for "A thr6,' children, there would be a revolution in this country." The Croll Senate Poverty Committee report and numberous other government reports and studies on the question of poverty make it abundantly clear that the poor do not intend to stay poor. They want a greater share of the good things of life and are demanding that all levels of goverment work towards providing minimum health and decency standards in keeping with Article 25 of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, to which Canada is a signatory nation: "Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of hinself and of his family including food, clothing and housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sicknees, disability, widowhood, old age, or lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control." In our view there is a joint federal- PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �provincial-municipal responsibility to co-operate in the establishment of bold, new programs, and to enact the necessary legislation, that will give life and meaning to the above. This means not only the creation of a Guaranteed Adequate annual income, with which the majority of Canadians are now in favour, and which in itself will help to create a more even balance in the distribution of wealth, but it also means that while we are waiting for this to be achieved, the FederalProvincial-Municipal existing social assistance programs must be completely revampiad to provide for substantially increased social benefits and payments to this Provincies welfare recipients the elderly, the infirm and particularly the working poor. WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE: To eliminate poverty in the Province of Ontario in the short term we believe will require an immediate overhaul of the present social services legislation on the municipal and provincial level, are shot through with a special brand suspicious paternalism,are grossly demeaning to recipients, totally inadequate to their special needs, bogged down in a mire of red tape and bureaucracy with which even professional social service workers are unable to tope are largely punitive in spirit and to a great degree, a waste of taxpayer's dollars. There is an abvious necessity for the Municipalities and the province to co-operate in the creation of thousands of new jobs in Ontario, to develop high job content secondary industry in the province so that our rich treasure of natural and energy resources can be used for the benefit of our people, to actuate an urgently required massive home building prograM which will also create thousands of new jobs, and to develop community worker programs which not only create jobs but have proven to be beneficial to the commumity. _Am.Z.SC-Mtneaarra-7.'mar'',LIVa: This means. that municipalities must support the raising of the provincial minimum wage to at least $3.00 per hour. Governments statistics, based on the Senate Poverty Committee's Report which established $5000 as the poverty level for a family of four in 1969 anC which, using their calculations, increases at a rate of $400-600 per year or an average of $500 means that the poverty level for a family of four in 1974 can be justly estimated at $7500, We believe that the munici lities must support the establishment of Guaranteed Adequate Annual Income fo r all, one that will assure every resident a basic and decent standard of living, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �----.:41MgarAisiamszugraw_ 17464focrat 4 g Itcently we commended the Thunder Bay :social Services Committee's for it's concern for the working poor residents of Thunder Bay. We cannot, however endorse an assistance program which would keep residents working at or below poverty wages. Unfortunately, the poverty-strcken are in a position :here any assistance is considered better than none at all. We strontiy recommend an upgrading of their social assistance programs. ' he respectfully submit that all social cervices agencys should follow the, lead Di Metropolitan Toronto in demanding that the Provincial. Government assume it's responsibility to provide an equal share, along ,lith the Federal Government, of the funding required to establish a program of assistance to the working poor. The senior levels of - Government IlAve power to tax the e!ealthy industries and the top 20% income earners, to make iz possible to establish such a program, eloo beleeve that the fuliling required' Ilbsidiee the working poor to bring .item up to the poverty level should. have to come froT the already tax - MX"MIITIMMIEMEOZNEEMBINESVE:=7: earners and many of whom are senior citizens who have worked 25 to 40 years to buy their own homes and are now fixed incomes. We do not believe that such a program of assistance to the working poor should be paid for by other low-income workers who themselves have no security against increasing poverty. "No nation can achieve true greatness," the Croll Senate Poverty Committee reasoned in it's report (and we would add neither can a Province or a Municipality), "If it lacks the courage and determination to undertake the surgery necessary to remove the cancer of poverty from the body politic... " A new approach is urgently needed. Such an approach must bring help and relief at once to those in need, and it must -provide the foundation for policies that will ultimately eliminate the causes of poverty from our society. Eleanor Morin to ' urdened home- cilners 'and tenants ir. Thunde w ny of wham are low income wore FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT ELEANOR AT 415 Victoria Ave., 20 Thunder Bay "F" or PHONE 622-1538.. 4 "3'© 1) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Z /. Ne.. �ME N OR'N WO= I s C:TTE77 EAS IN CREDIBLE MR. DI VINEG , A SENT OFF THE FOLLOWING LETTER TO OUR MP S JESSIMAN AND FOULDS H ON SENIOR CIVIL SERVANT WITH THE =ISTRY OF COMMUNITY AND SOCIAL SERVICE. FOR HIS OBTUSE, DEGRADING, DUMBFOUNDING, UNLIBERATED MALE STATTTMENTS IN THE JULY 18th, 1974 EDITION OF TED GLORT': AND MAIL. THE ARTICLE AS PRINTED IS SUBMITTED BELOW. L LIAM DA Val S AND it 110N TIL: 0M131,TDSMAN ti . BR:II-NELL CONCERNING THIS HOW DO YOU, P `RS' ONALY , FEEL? IS IT IMPORTANT TO YOU? DO WE VG; f;'E YOUR OPINIONS? E WO ',ILL) APPRECIATE ALL COMMENTS OUR READERS FR OM ,ev-1-4 ( No heusekceper service A woman's duty to stay home, official says By NANCY COOPER hie or permanently disabled. It's a woman's duty to stay Deserted or widowed fathhome with her children and ers do qualify, however, for it's father's to have a career. the province's visiting hometo a senior civil makers' service, while the deserant in the Community and serted, divorced or widowed Social Services Ministry. And mother who wishes to work that's why two inequalities in outside the home is not althe way the province treats lowed to use the service, ac- single fathers and single mothers don't bother him. On the other hand, "It's not scale. according and the size of hi cook". he said, and that's why 1 25 per he agrees with governMent g Although I e -p arent fa my natural duty to sew and policy that allows fathers to apply to the municipality for a homemake to come and keep house, often at no cost to the family. The only way a single parent mother could cording to Tibor Divinec, assistant director of the munici- If a father is deserted by pal welfare secretariat. his wife. or if she dies or di"It's a woman's noble vorces him or is taken to an role," Mr. Divioec said yesinstitution, he is not elegible terday. "She makes that decito receive any money from sion t to stay home and bring the province, under the Fam- them up) when she decides to ily Benefits Act. Mothers in have kiddies." He told the rethe same circumstances do porter that a woman who qualify. The only way a man would consider getting in a can receive Family Benefits visiting homemaker "is not is if he is-deemed uneMploya- much of a mother". qualify, Mr. Divines says, is if she was a very poor housekeeper, in need of training. And then the help would be of a temporary nature. Homemaker help for a single father can go on indefinitely, sometimes for years. while the children are grow1 ing up. Ile pays on a sliding headed by fath vinec says that to with the Governm had only five req fathers anxious to and bring up the rather than havin a salaried homem One father foug tem and won. bu he took his appea tion on a CRC prot 'Ombudsman. A ps report said that the dren needed pare and the father a wanted to stay h them. The provin him Family Bene would have am about .:11.10 a mon Mr. J. Jessiman, M.P.P. Par /lament Buildings, Queens Park. TORMITO. Ontario. Dear Mr. Jessimen:- erege, for drugs. h tio%. medical aid special assistance aa4lable to singl :After the resulting the man won the ri efits, but Governme stressed that this w ception, not policy. we wish to draw to your attention certain statements attributed to the inistry of Community and Social Serviced' official. Mr. T. Divinic. aa reported i the July 18th Issue of the Globe and Mail, W believe that Mr. Divinicss Nstification of the riln.l.Etryta discriminatory end repressive legialatiorp attention and we would urge you to initiaterequires your action to rectify this situation - both in terms of erecting chang in the legislation and in encouraging attitude change with the civil service. We have long recognized that the Ministry's visiting homemakers service is regulated in a way discriminates against womea. Receut declarations that of the government's concern for equal rights; and opportunities for women had. however, prompted us to hope that these regulations would quickly be altered. Apparently we were overly using optimistic. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �We aro avail mora a/arazd to learn that the Family Deuefita %et 1.--,,igu1ation4 will crAntinue to discriminate against men. It was coma4)aly assuged that the successful appeal occasaioned by the public attuntion receirsd through the Ombudsman Program bad rectiaed this zatuation. Will it now be necessary for every father to obtain nation-wide publicity in order to :;.4000170 his rigttDul eocial assistance? we conaidc it deplorable that tbo province has done nothing to eliminate its o legislation that in so blatantly sexist. It ts even wx-c appalling that a govorment official rests that r;dst legislation is justificd. 140 are most seriously coome6 that an officLas who is so obviously out of touch with reslitys is in a position to ozerciso so much power over more unfortunate Ontario citizens. Zne detrimental effect that this oppressive1,,gislattan will have c the child' m affnated by theme situations cannot be ovor smriha3isee We truct that this matt a. uill be or concern to 1 Ii xsA, every effort to right these injustices you azIO that. yca In. trP-Actb. z-o-ordiantor c.a. J. Pouldas o,c. H.=, 1,4m. Duvia e,c. Hone R, Brunoll. n.p.p. are avaUabe 4J. r11IVL WILL. NEVER BETH E SAMEJ PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �P R E A T R day or t'Ac of fun WOMEN'S HEALTH COLLECTIVE :ntarz,-sted in getting one going? 'Others are. Join them. Contact Estelle at 623-3107. talkin(7...censciousness raisin,.. yo name it. Aur Just 16t(7:00 p.m.; stay over if you can Anrjut 17th, (all dy; HIGH SCHOOL WOMEN Want to get together with othe 2ohool women for action, it cc)n:,lousness-i-aising, ets:;.? If so, contact Estelle at 623-3107. tr.ap *iF GAS hulVqk Oa-1 31. elk 62-3-13.5 6 IYTEREST77?? phone Women's Centre at 6Z3-3107"rejarding food, a ride, campinc, sui-41ies, etc. Ir CONSCIOUSNESS-RAISING :.7!_an't make both cillyn, fed Intcreste-d? Croups 0-e now being forme:1. Phon,,I, 623-3107 and leave your name (at an Women's 1 number, SPEAKERS Centre)!! frc'e to drop In for an our or so. PLL WOMEN WELCOME Thursday, August :;:a.th.--Warren Sundberg, an instructor in KARATE, will be to give a demonstration and answer any questions concerning the use of self-defense. Up and Coming--Don Colborne, a local lawyer who was involved with the recent rape case in Kenora (C. Big George vs. Brown, Cedarwail and Carlson); will talk about the legal aspects of rape. All are urged to attend these meetings! .111M111.,14.1.,1701.7 C,1MV'S CF.11-ft- r7-F'F77--'71777.,. i.NP TO CA "2 AL,CiO'J'L PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �w ;A;,)...K. VSCS f t ; CA p.x..--/ko ok TiE A13) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �WOMEN'S HEALTH COLLECTIVE :ntarestsd in getting one going? Cnlers are. ';oin them. Contact Estelle at 623-3107. R E P R E A T d'7,y or two of fun frolic..relatinE talkini7...consciousness raising.. nrIme it. ti HIGH SCHOOL WOMEN Want to get to with other h!,gh school women for action, cc)nilousnosS-raising, If so, contact Estelle at 623-3107. Aurust 16t:1' (7:00 p.m.) stay over if you can and AuJut 17t, (all (ivy.) AMPS?? :_lee map CONSCIOUSNESS-RAISING Intorasted? rt Groups a-e now being formcd. Phom- 623-3107 and leave your name and nun':)er. tIt NIZSINitt elk 62..3 2.5 INT7REST27?? Pleae phone Women's Centre at 4413-31Orrejarding food, a ride, camptn supplies, stc.0 If you can't make both drys, fen' free to drop in for an 'hour or so. WC= WELCOME ____--- SPEAKERS (at Women's Centre)!! Thursday, August . -- Warren Sundberg, an instructor in KARATE, will be to give a demonstration and answer any questions concerning the use of self-defense. Up and Coming--Don Colborne, a local lawyer who was involved with the recent rape case in Kenora (C. Big George vs. Brown, Cedarwall and Carlson) will talk about the legal aspects of rape. All are urged to attend these meetings! 0,.3"6 UNIV. . A..J X *:-.;:01ir,OWEL 77777777n= litre CATALOGUE H-iE BOOK:). PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1'_.. _..7 TO �LOS ANGELES (AP) - The Barbie doll, a baby, is sweet imagine they're grown up. sort of try out the grown- billion-dollar 16 this year. ;role. Millions of little girls are hel- "Each generation has Wad ping her celebrate. certain common things in their it o y s like Goldielocka Raggedy Ann. Barbie is the world's biggest toy. To her young owners, she is a real personality. To Mattel Inc.. her producer, she is a $100-million.a-year en,ietting or "The Barbie doll has become the popular one for the kids of !today because represents terprise. Barbie contemporary a individual-whatever she is to the child. She's ubiquitous en- Eighty million Barbies have horn sold since the doll was created in Ma by Ruth Hat'filer, co-founder of the toy manufacturer. Sales now run ough to he a baby, a little girl or a teen-ager." DREAMS OF FUTURE about six million a year. Mattel says Barbie was deproject her owners Teen-ager Barbie is 11112 inches tall. has long blonde hair into adulthood a wardrobe that would be the little girls to put themselves signed to and is stylishly slender. She has "Barbie enabled millions of envy of a movie star. She is the owner of airplane, a n into almost limitless future lift situations." he added. "Threugh townhouse, an dune buggy and Barbie. other luxuries-ii parents want to pay the bill. Why has Barbie won and young hopes and this place in the hearts of girls? 'Barbie strikes a common denominator as her.'' were adult. future:" able to Some lives. their for the dreams parents say ruefully that once a child is bitten by the Barbie hug there is no end the All- American good little girl, andthe child can both identify with Barbie they project a variety of teen-age to what she wants for her OIL and want to be like says Dr. Edward R. "What's with this doll?" gaif ped a father at the sight of Bar- associated professor of hip's Ttityo, medical school. " Ch ild re n since as which sell for ti to $1.50 each. . "Girls particularly ... have objects which we call dells which they love and kiss. They do to dolls what their mothers do to them. They "When doll has dresses. pantsuits. coats., shorts and nightgowns :hinge to develop their fantasies around," he continued. chosen gown. basic kit of apparel. But that's only the start. The demanding time theirs personalities grow. have used immemorial, wedding does it all stop ?" A Barbie costs ta to eFi with a Child- Psychiatry at the UCLA Barbie Celebrates Rounding out her wardrobe are a ballet costume, ski suit: stewardess' uniform. tennis costume, camping garb and party dresses. Cost: t3 apiece. Her 16th Birthday TO CHRISTOPHER On rainy days when we're caught inside and you cry for my attention and my headaches and I scream at you and you cry again, I think, perhaps, I should have given you up. Then I could spend my rainy days reading, sleeping, writing And on sunny days I could Walk and visit and shop and play. But on rainy days, you would still be caught inside, crying for attention and being screamed at by someone else. e Mary Deaton, Berkely, Californi PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Z'2 �FAMILY HE CONFEDERATION COLLEGE OF APPLIED ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY PROPERTY LAW WORKSHOP SHUNIAH BUILDING LECTURE THEATRE 111811111111111.. Thunder Bay PROGRAMME Sept. 20, 21, 1974 Friday, September 20, 1974 Chairperson - Ruth Cunningham Director Women's Programs Confederation College 8:30 7:30 8:30 - 10:00 - Symposium Panel on the Ontario Status of Women Council Saturday, September 21, 1974 Chairperson - Joan Packota Past Pres. University Women's Club 8:30 9:00 Review of previous evening 9:00 9:30 - Film Family Property Law WOMEN - In 1975 "International Family and Uomen1.? Ye:Lr." Property laws which discriminate 'hopefully' will against; that be changed. it 'Northern Women' take an active role in terms of implementing such changes. This conferenc is your chance to: :1.13 a) become aware of discrimination directed at women. b) to voice your feelings ana to be part of the change which will affect all of us in the future. Application forms are available at Conrederation College and the Northern Uomen's Centre. 9:30 - 10:30 - Marie L. Corbett B.A., LL.B. COFFEE AND DISCUSSION 12:00 2:00 - Lunch (included in fee) 2:00 - 2:30 - Report of Discussion Groups 2:30 - 3:00 4:00 - 3:00 - Coffee 4:00 - Laura Sab a, B.A. 4:30 - Closing Remarks Pcgistration Fee is *5.00. :a care and lunches are provided. Speakers will include: Ms. Laura Ssbia, Chairwoman, Ontario Statue of Women Council. Ms. Marie Corbett, B.A., L.L.B., Chairwoman, Justice Committee, Ontario Status of Women Council. Ys. Marjorie Pinney, Executive Officer, Ontario Status of Women ,Council. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor akA �BOYCOTT... DATES TO REMEMBER KRAFT products Women's Centre Meetins (General): ...ANGOLAN coffee 8 p.m....CALIFORNIA grapes When: Every Thurs. eve. & lettuce sharp * 1:!ere: 2nd Floor, Fort Wm. YMCA ...CHILEAN Grapes (Every woman welcome). ...your POSTAL CODE * Need a Ride? or Child Crire???? 623-3107 Call Women's Centre 623-3925 or Lucy 41, ARTICLE DEADLINEi-. AUGUST 20th. Send articles, letters, poems, suggestions, questions, book reviews, etc. tc: Box 314, Stn. F, Thunder Bay, Ont. 410 4646 410 411 TEE NORTHERN WOMEN'S CENTRE wsletter Meetings ('The Northern Woman' ) When: Every Tues. eve. -±3 8 p.m. sharp 10 a.m. - 5 p.m. 7 p.m. - 10 p.m. (Mon. thru Fri.) WHERE: 2nd Floor - Fort William YMCA Where: The Northern Women' s Centre, Fort Wm. YMCA to II ID 1110 OPEN: 13c' N. Archibald Street PHONE: 623-3107 !i4114 Ob. rxplorinfr, Polities When: Every 2nd Fri. @ 7 p.m. sharp 1 (Aug. 2nd, 16th, 3 0 th ) Where: The Northern Women's Centre, Fort Wm. YMCA Return To: kg 14 People Who Did THIS ISSUE: Doreen, Helen, Noreen, Lucy, Linda, Eve, Laurie, Susan, Estella, Marion, Corky, Eleanor, Rose Marie (If YOU ...hope we haverJt missed anyone. would like to be on this Honour Role, come Meet o out to our Newg THE NORTHERN WOMAN Box 3140- Stn. F THUNDER BAY, ONTARIO (Return Postage Guaranteed) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 1 No. 12 Description An account of the resource Vol. 1, No, 12 (August 1974) Topics Include: Editorial Policy (Collective Consensus) Dr. Henry Morgentaler Court Case Special Report: Rape Case Kenora Rape Testimony (Letter To The Editor) Rape Crisis Centres Self Defence Nuclear Family – Division Of Labour/Labour Value Marriage Law Equality Postal Boycott Anti-Rape Movements Ontario Anti-Poverty Organization/Coalition Caregiving Work & Sexism Local Announcements & Events Barbie Family Property Law Authors/Contributors: Rose-Marie Neuman Eve Pykerman Shelagh Mundy Eleanor Morin Nancy Cooper Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2736/1974_Vol_1_No_13_CV01.pdf 8d860cc12889a57dbf68b81f54ee79ed PDF Text Text PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL POLICY The newsletter group, a separate yet supportive group of the Northern Women's'Centre. reflects the complexity of the make up of the Northern Women's Centre as a whole. Being a smaller, unified group, the editorial board of The Northern Woman will attempt through collective creative andtEought-provoking comments, to respond to, and express (through a consensus of opinion) their reactions to, various articles, letters and timely topics of interest. Throtedh such a policy it is hoped that The Northern Woman will become a tool for women to develop an inereased understending of their situation and forests affecting their lives. :A=0E-..._.--,.,;wismeze=agatimamamwaxmwr, IIMI ME I WE I EDITORIAL / This i1S40 is dedfeated to HEALTH physical. For, as Simone de Beauvoir sat confidence i4 own body i.e to lose c For this ," is nelessiley that all a knowledge but alio an understanding of of m al and have ideace in oneself." men have not only eir bodies. "Not Up to this time the medial pronliedien has been allowed to and willingly subscribes to a basic assumption patient, particularly a female, is quiet, passive, that the and ignorant of her body. As a result very few women have a positive attitude towards the medical profession. We are tired of being subjected to long waits, short and cursory examinations which do not alleviate any fears or provide answers to our questicns. A doctor is not omniscent; every patient has the right to question her/him and so receive clear informative explanations. Only when we cease to conceive of our bodies as objects of mystery and begin to voice our desires and to demand basic rights, will the attitude of the medical profession change. Until the demystification of the body and democratizatization of health services becomes a reality for all, we as women, must increase our awareness of the functioning of our bodies. This Newsletter hopes to serve as a stepping stone in that direction. It is time we stopped deluding ourselves that our discomfort and dissatisfaction in the medical profession is a function of personal maladjustment on all our parts. The sooner we realize that our difficulties ape common and widespread, the sooner we can humanize the sterile, impersonal world of medicine & health care. PDF compression, OCR, web1975: optimization using a watermarked evaluation International Women's Tearcopy of CVISION PDFCompressor �YOUR RIGHTS AS A PATIENT How often have you left your doctor's office with the feeling you were not treated as an individual, that your problems were not very important, that your questions were not answered to your satisfaction ( if you could bring yourself to ask them at all), that you were rushed or treated in a paternal manner? Some women have long complained to their friends about the doctor/patient relationship. Some women have developed a blind loyalty to their doctors, coming quickly to their defense should they be critized, although they may complain themselves about the treatment they received. But now more -than ever before women are becoming more selective in their choice of tqho they see about their health needs: Because of the women's movement women are discussing openly and honestly their grievances toward many doctors. YOU CAN CHANGE DOCTORS: Staying with the same doctor means s/he has forlied a medical picture of you in he: or his mind, and s/he has recorded your health problems which can prove to be valuable when you come for medical advice. At the same time, the mere fact a doctor has your medical history shouldn't bind you to him/her if your not satisfied. Records can easily be transferred. You don't have to settle for a single opinion: You are well within your rights when you set out to corroborate the findings of any doctor. A second opinion can be particularly helpful when it comes to the advisability of surgery. There is a growing concern about the many hyster_ ectomies and mastectomies that are performed. Explore all alternatives before agreeing to an operation. The womens movement is the road to knowing and appreciating onesel You are not obliged to participate in experiments: New drugs and new surgical procedures must be tried out on someone before they gain acceptance, but if you happen to be that "someone" you have a right to know it, and be informed of the dangers involved. Ca rtyr tj r PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Year �YeiU ARE ENTITLED TO ARE.',SON ABLE AMOUNT OF TIME & ATTENTION You have a right to expect that s/he has set aside the time to (1) give you a chance to talk about the problem. (2) Examine you. (3) Record the details (4) discuss it with you (5) Suggest what steps you can take to solve it, and (6). Answer any questions you may have. You have every right to expect PRIVACY -- you should be able to EFII-Trankly without fear of being overheard. Your health records are privileged information and should not be maee :7-41,0,e te anyone who is not directly involved in your care unless you give your permission to make this information available. Continuity of Care A backup doctor should be standing by to answer your calls, or respond to any emergency, when yous. on doctor is away. te The Preservation of Personal 7.5=17-m e man77-in which you are cared for should be in no way affected by your sex, social standing, or race. Respectful and considerate care is every patients due. II rCe.sZt.30A,00,p lull Information Is Yours For at t e pak,ient 117.7gE7Tknow can't hurt her" is toe often the attitude of many doctors. You have the right to ask questions expect truthful answers and explanations 'ou can understand, also, the name & possible side effects of medications prescribed. t710.. CNC' tz 1% EaKkAl_sA Men go to great pains to avoid talkie q about women in front of them ('Not in front of a lady") - it would give their game away. To overhear a bull session is traumatic to a woman: So, all this time she has been considered only, "ass", "meat", "twee, or stuff", to be gotten a "piece of", "that hitch", or "this broad" tc be tricked out of money or sex or love! To understand finally that she is no better than other women but completely indistinguishable comes not just as a blow but as total annihilation. ft International Women's Year Shulamith Firestone PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor The Dialectic of Sex �Ear "The Foam"- Aerosol Vaginal Spermic de Description; White cream with the consistency of shaving cream. It contains a sperm killing chemical. It comes in a can with a plunger,type plastic applicator. Effectiveness 745am is not as effective as a diaphragm used with cream or jelly, or as a condom. If it must be used alone, two full applicators should be inserted, as close to the time of intercourse as possible. If you absolutely don't want to get pregnant, don't count on foam alone. Disadvantages - Foam friltates some vaginas and some penises. Delfen, which is most effective, also tends to be most irritating. -Not effective enough to depend on. - Using it can be a (brief) interruption of sex if the couple do not treat it as part of the sex play. -Responsibility is primarily the women's. Advantages --Easily available in ctrug stores. - Is effective in helping to prevent VD. CONDOM (Rubber, Safe, Prophylactic) Description: A Iheath, usually make of thin, strong latex rubber, designed to fit over an erect penis to keep the semen from getting into the women's vagina. Usually comes rolled up, unrolls to about 71A inches. There are no "sizes" since all are eensiderably elastic. Skin condoms (made from animal membrane) are more expensive but tend to cut down less on sensation. Effectiveness; Used alone, a good quality condom is 85-95 percent effective, with a spermicidal foam, 100 percent effective, depending on how carefully it is used. (a) leave a half inch at the end of a plain-ended one for semen. (b) Unroll carefully to avoid catching air in the end. (c) Use a lubricant to prevent tearing, spermicide) roam, cream, jelly, K-Y Jelly, or saliva, but not vaseline. ;tppl the lubricant after the condom is on the penis. (d) The man must hold the rim when he withdraws his no longer-erect-penis afte ejaculation; otherwise the condom might slip off, and sperm will get into the vagina. In case of accident, use cream or jelly or foam as quickly as possible, Dieadvanta ,es JELLIES AND CREAMS SpermiciTa176 comes in a tube with a plastic applicator. It forms a film over the cervix which blocks end kills the sperm. Effectiveness It is not as effective as foam, so unless foam irritates, don't use creams or jellies alone. - Can ru n the spontaneity of sex, unless the man and woman can share the unrolling of the condom, making it an enjoyable routine of sexual foreplay. -Many men claim that the condom dulls sexual pleasure. Physiologically, this claim is highly questionable. These mer are usually refusing to accept responsik ility for birth control. .1cae.`fieta.4.e.tat. Disadvantages Problems of leakage or Advantage Can be bought at a drug store without a prescription. 1975: International Women's Year PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �evantages aieap, easily avaibie, easy to use A method of birth control that gives , nee protectien against VD. It also pro tects partners from infection like trichomonas. - Condoms have a shelf life of two years. A condom kept in a wallet or pocket will deteriorate, but a high quality condom can be used five or six times if cared for. Put it in a glass of water temporarily, thenwash it, dust with cornstarch, and reroll. - AN,-.11% .Sr DIAPHRAGM AND SPERMACIDAL JELLY OR CREAM: 1880 - Diaphragm was a major breakthrough in the liberation of women from unwanted pregnancies. Up until 1960 when the pill and IUD were invented, 1/3 of all American couples used the diaphragm. DESCF PTION It is made of soft rubber material and is shaped like a shallow cup. It has a flexible metal spring rim. It should fit snugly over your cervix, locked in place behind the pubic bone and reaching back into the posterior fornix of your vagina. It comes in a variety of sizes, depending on the size of your upper vagina. Tile size you require is a difficult thing for you to determine, therefore a trip to the doctor is required. FOW IT WORKS Before a visit to your doctor, you should examine yourself internally to determine the positions of both tnbubic bone and the cervix. This 7.s essential when fitting into place the diaphragm. The doctor then fits several rings of different size into the vagina to determine the size you need. After fitting the first the doctor will or should ask you if you can feel it. If you say "no" he or she will take that ring out and insent the next larger size and this continues until you can only slightly:' feel the ring and that's your size. There is a possibility that after a woman has had a child, an abortion, an operation dealing with the pelvic area or has lost or gained ten pounds, it might be wise to ')e refitted. After the visit to the doctor you should know how to Insert the device yourself. About a teaspoon of spermicidal jelly or cream is smearee on the upper surface of the diaphragL, (dome up or down, depending on your anatomy). Spermacide must not be PDF compression, OCR, web Vomen's optimizationYear using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: Inernational �laced on the rim since this increases the possibility of displacing the diaphragm during coitus. With ona hand you squeeze the diaphragm into a long, narrow shape. With the other hand, hold the vaginal lips apart, then insert the compressed davice into the vagina until the far rim passes the cervix. You then push the front rim up behine the pubic bone and chock that the cervix is completely covered. Plastic or metal inserters facilitate insertion especially for women with short fingers or dislike handling themselves. The diaphragm is most easily inserted wh!1e crouching, squatting, lying down, or standing with one foot raised. The diaphragm may be inserted no more than two hours and not less than 1/2 hour before sexual intercourse. If two hours pass, an inserter full of spermicide can be injected into the vagina or the entire procedure can be repeated. You can walk around, bathe or urinate with a diaphragm in place, but you should recheck its position ,e'ter a bowel movement. 1J ter an act of sexual intercourse, an additional application of spermieide must be inserted into the vagina by means of an applicator before each additional coitus. After intercourse, l'Ira the die; ~ eagm in for six hours or so to ensure that all sperm are de- Diaphragms made of plastic are available in case of an allergic reaction to rubber. Also, the brand of spermicide should be changed if either partner is allergic to the kind being used. The diaphragm is ineffective if left in a dresser drawer or purse. However, that is not the only reason for its potential failure. The device can slip out of position for a number of reasons: improper fit, cream on the rim, expansion of the vaginal walls during sexual stimulation, and frequent insertions of the penis. The diaphragm is much more easily displaced in coital positions where the woman is above the man. The diaphragm and cream costs about $6.00. Word of Warning: It is best not to 'leave your disidinagm lying about as someone uninformed as to the form of a diaphragm may easily mistake it for an ashtray. Just a pun but it did actually happen. Tee Hee! Much of my material I gathered the Magill Handbook on "Birth from Control ° and the book entitled "Our Bodies, Ourselves'*. Also thanks Linda for the helpful article you gave me. Val Packota s'n..oyed. Touching is unnecessary. Simply clean around vagina with a warm washcloth and towel. Occaeionally, hold the diaphragm up to tne light and check it for cracks, or holes, especially around the rim. After use, wash the diaphragm witn id soap and water, dry it gently and pove-- it with corr tarch. diaphragm can be used during menetration although conception is unlikely at that time. WK-a positioned correctly the diaphragm cannot be felt by either sexeal partner during coitus. . ) The secret is freedom and that means no bras or Bridles. You got to do wnat you want to do and wear wnat you want to wear. Everybody is so hung up . on the matching game-- the shoes have to match the bag which matches the coat and dress But the big question is, is it matching your soul. Janis Joplin Village Voice 611111111111111111311=41111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111=111111111111011E. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Year �cQ , THE PILL The pill is, at the present have not done complete medical time, the only birth control histories and examinations. Also method that is 100% effective if the side-effect and dangers of the taken as prescribed ie. every day pill, to certain women have not for 21 days.. (depending on type been thoroughly explained. In a of pill you take). study done by the Vancouver Women's HOW IT WORKS Health Booklet - 32% of the women The pill is make up of surveyed said their doctors pressynthetic chemicals that ordincribed the pills without adequately arily enable women to conceive a checking their medical history.. baby.. The pill adds estrogen .and The disadvantages and dangers progesterone in synthetic form to of taking oral contraceptives as the body's own production of any other product medication cannot hormones.. Estrogen -- chemical that be overstated. acts on the brain centre that controls the pituitary gland resulting in the gland to decrease the production of eggT- prevents development of other eggs--causes Any synthetic chemical that wall of womb to thicken and prepare "messes around" with body chemistry it to receive fertilized egg. Also is dangerous to women susceptible stimulates milk producing gland of to various physical problems. of breasts. Progesterone--compleListed below are the reasons tes preparation of the wall of the you should not take the pill or womb with a further supply of blood good arguments for thinking about and other fluids necessary for other birth control alternatives. early stages of pregnancyr--also WOMEN WHO SHOULD NOT TAKE THE PILL seems to prevent release of any more 9ggs.. -diseases or conditions associated to effect, the pill, adding with poor blood circulation a considerable amount of estrogen -bad varicose veins and progesterone prevents preg-pulmonary embolism (blood clot nancy primarily by preventing thg in the lung) development of the egg in the ovary -stroke If a low estrogen level is present -retinal thrombosis on the last day of your cycle a -heart disease hormonal message is sent by the -heart defect pituitary gland which begins devhepatitis or other liver diseases elopment of egg in the ovary. -undiagnosed abnormal genital What the pill does is raise your bleeding estrogen level enough to prevent -cancer of the breast or of the repthat message from being sent.. In roductive organs or a family effect your ovary remain inactive history of breast cancer when taking the pill. -lactation (nursing mothers should DISADVANTAGES OF BEIM 100% SURE not take birth-control pills There are varied opinions on -cystic fibrosis the pill and problems linked with the pill ie. blood clots, cancer etc. However because the pill is 100% effective it is given publicity as giving women complete contrel over their bodies. Doctor links HowPill may cause,, ever we must ask in this article what price do we have to pay for migraines, being 100% sure.. breast cancer, The pill must be prescribed by a doctor. estrogen use Too often the pill BMA warned has been doled out by doctors who PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Neurosurgeon links pill to female infertility . �VOLUNTARY STERILIZATION ----A PERSONAL EXPERIENCE A significant change is occurring among many women today. Vlereas in the past, most things affecting women were out of their hands (parents, husbands, "laws of nature"), today women are seeking control-- of their lives, of their bodies. The control they demand of their own bodies has had an obvious effect on our society ie.more money is being put into development of safer and more effective birth control methods, the abortion issue is being argued daily. Although these changes are seemingly insignificant in light of what should be happening, they still represent a change in attitude from even 15 years ago, when abortion was something that was never even mentioned by the average person. At one time women never questioned the fact that they would have children--it was inevitable--it was what women do. Women are questioning now, though, and the answers they're coming up with range from limiting the number of children they bear to one or two, to choosing not to have children at all. When the decision has been made not to have any (more) children the question then becomes which birth control method would provide the most effective, safest, long-term effects. Of to two most effective methods--the pill (99A and the IUD(95%), neither would appear to be too safe for any extended period of time. The most permanent, safest method, therefore, is obviously sterilization. It is one hundred percent effective and is usually final. It is the only really permanent form of birth control. Choosing sterilization is an important decision. Most people you talk to about it will probably react with shock especially if you have only one child or none at all. You may even have many internalized feelings yourself of infertility meaning "inferiority". however, after these have been examined and dealt eith, you will most likely run into the biggest struggle of all--finding a docto who will perform the operatinn. I would like to relate my personal experience with voluntary sterilization, which, I believe could probably be generalized. I am a single parent with two children who,at the time I started investigating sterilization, were 3 and 4 years old. I have never been married. I had been on the pill for 3 years, and given information that you should go off them every 3-4 years, I was getting worried about how ingesting this chemical into my body daily was affecting me. Examining other birth control methods, I discovered all of them to be unsatisfactory for me. The nexr safest, IUD, made me shudder; I didn't like the thought of a little bit of plastic and copper embedded somewhere in my body. Abstinence seemed to be the my only out(sterilization hadn't occurred to me yet). Being ayoung, sexually healthy woman, it didn't strike me as being any kind of a viable alternative. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Year �s. It finally occurred to me that I was only looking into short-term methods. I knew I didn't want any more children. The thought of getting pregnant again filled me with terror; I paniced every time my period was a day late. So why not end my child bearing "career" permanently? For six months I battled with myself. After all, I was only 20 years old; isn't sterilization a rather drastic step? But, my children were getting out of babyhood dependency and I loved the freedom it offered me. I spoke to everyone I knew about it. Many of my friends (mostly women) were incredibly supportive of my decision. The majority of people though, men and women, were shocked. Their shock, however only served to reinforce my deelson. I made an appointment with my doctor. I wouldn't even have considered approaching my gynecologist about it (a man who reminded me faintly of Robert foung in a Marcus Welby-Father Knows Best combination). I felt it would be fairly easy. After all, I was an "unwed mother", and many people were adverse to propagating the race of "illegitimate" children"( I wasn't too concerned about the resoning behind it--as long as I could get the operation done). 7.4y doctor, though, was just a little too liberal. He seemed to think I had just as much right to have children as 3 married woman did. lie insisted I would meet a man some time ("After all, you're o attractive") and fail madly in love, want to get married and give him a-child-of-his-own. He also told me that if I were married my husbands signatureend consent would give me the right to be eternized if he said I could. After talking to him for a while, he finally convinced me to think abut it even though I already had been for six months or more. I went off the pill and on his advice, had an IUD inserted. 7-Tis argumeni-infuriated me after I had had time to think abet it. First of all, if I ever did meet a man I wanted to get into a long-term relationship with, he would have to accept my children as "his own".. I couldn't concieve of a relationship with a man who related to them as my responsibility, alone, an attitude which would be representative of an entire individualistic frame of reference which I can no longer relate to. A short time later I approached another doctor, a partner of the first. His reaction was the same: I'm too young voisftdiOn, I may change my mind, I may meet somenne etc. A year later, when I was even more convinced that I should have the operation done due to extreme discomfort from the IUD, I approached another doctor. This time it was a woman, my reasoning being that she might be able to empathize with my situation to a small degree more than a man could. I was able to talk to her quite openly about my feelings and she finally agreed to speak to the gynecologist/surgethn about it. He agreed and they scheduled my admission into the hospital. I want into the hospital with no fe&lings of apprehension at all. I felt exhilarated; I finally had some control over my body. The operation itself was a simple procedure, only in use for a year. The procedure was termed "laparoscopy" and was done by making two tiny innisinns in the abdomen and inserting a tube called a laperoscope which is used to cauterize the tubes. I was able to go home the following day. After I came home, I felt P eer_A3 sense of freedom, as if, now that I no longer had to worry About getting pregnant, I could get on with the rest of my life. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION coat PDFCompressor �9. My experience with the first two doctors made me realize just how much the medical profession views women as not having any Abotion, bibth control, r7.Eht in determining their own lives. ahild birth, and sterilization are all things which, although they affect the woman directly are all somehoe removed from her hands. Major decisions are made not 122: her but for her, either by the man she is married to or by the man who a-Ter doctor. The time is here, now, to start insisting that we be given the right of control over war own bodies which will mean another step in the direction of control overour lives. THE MALE OPTION - VASECTOMY To describe a vasectomy in the usual idiotic T.V. type advertisement one could say that "It takes away the worry of being close". WHAT IS A VASECTOMY? How is it performed? How will it effect me? These are some of the questions that bother the average male, so, having had a vasectomy four years ago I shall attempt to answer these questions to alleviate any fears the male may have about the possible after effects of a very simple operation. How will it effect me? After a month or so you will not even be aware that you had a vasectomy, and the location of any small Will it scars are generally impossible. I would effect my sex life? Rubbish! highly recommend it as a viable choice in the decision of birth control and it appears to me ludicrous to have a woman go through the major female operation of Tubal Ligation, or have her take the Pill when a vasectomy is such an easy answer. Take this advice from a four year veteran! Mike .Generally a visit to your doctor to discuss the operation is mandatory and some doctors prefer the wife to be present, although this depends on the doctor involved, and in my own case all that was required was my wife's permission for the operation. Usually in the doctor's How is it done. The office under a very mild anesthetic. whole experience takes about half an hour. The operative procedure is about ten minutes. All the operation entails is the making of two miniscule incisions in the "Bag" and locating the two Vas Deferens, cutting, tying and applying some type of plastic The whole bandage over the small cuts. procedure is less painful than a visit Although, it is usually to the dentist. suggested that one wait until the next day to resume work; the only discomfort is a slight pulling sensation of the testicles. Because, one support tube is removed they tend to drop until the muscles strengthen The advisability of wearing an again. athletic support for a few weeks is This slight inconvenience desireable. and a period of caution for about ten weeks is usually advised by your doctor to make sure that all live sperm have disappeared. International Women's Yearcopy of CVISION PDFCompressor PDF compression, OCR, web 1975: optimization using a watermarked evaluation AllailION �IUD Page 9A lomm INTRAUTERINE DEVICES AVAILABILITY Several devices which are pictured here have been used by women. As can be seen the design of these devices has become less complicated over time as a result of much needed scientific work. However, much more research is needed in this area. (A) Most women should be able to make use of this method unless the uterus is exceedingly small or there is excessively heavy mentrual flow and/ or cramping. Also people with V.P., severe vaginal and uterine infection should not use the IUD. To be safe make sure to have a full pelvic and breast examination as well as pap smee and V.D. tests if necessary. (B) (E) (A) (E) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H) (I) ** Majzlin Spring Birnberg Bow Saf-T-Coil** Ota Ring Dalkon Shield. Hall-Stone Ring Lippes Loop** Zipper Ring Margulies Coil. most recent devices HOW IT WORKS No one is absolutely sure how the IUD works to prevent pregnancy there are several theories: Over two thousand years ago Arab and Turk camel drivers discovered the principle of the IUD. They inserted tiny pebbles into the uterus of female camels by means of a hollow lead tube in order to prevent pregancy during long journeys through the desert. During the nineteenth century IUD's were used extensively in the United States and Europe for a correction of uterine displacement, treatment of menstrual abnormalities and infertility and in the later part of the century, for contraception. "The IUD, which touches the linin of the uterus at several points, irritates the lining and keeps it from developing properly, so a fertilized egg cannot find a good place to implant. The IUD speeds up the peristaltic waves by which the fallopian tube moves the egg down toward the uterus. The egg's journey of 4-5 days gives the uterine lining time to become secretory under the influence of progesterone. Studies are being done to determin, if the presence of the IUD causes hormonal changes which cause the suppression of ovulation. A fairly recent theory holds that the uterne wall responds to the foreign body by sending out macrophages - huge white blood cells - which try to get rid of the IUD, and failing that, devour egg or sperm or both. This is not an infection."' Today the IUD is usually a small plastic device, placed inside the Uterus by means of an inserter with one or two strings extending from 1 - information taken the vagina so that one is able to from page 120 PDF OCR, web a watermarked evaluation of CVISION PDFCompressor of Our copy Bodies see compression, that the device isoptimization still in using place. Ourselves. �INSERTION OF LIPPES LOOP INTO THE UTERUS nylon threads Page 9B n nylon threads INSERTION Insertion of an IUD is undertaken during or just after menstruation, or at the time of an abortion. This is accomplished with the use of an inserter. The diagram shows how easily the device is placed into the uterus. IUD's should always be inserted by a well-trained person because of the risk of infection. In Canada this usually means a doctor, although, in other countries these tasks are often handled by trained medical technicians. However, the demystification of the medical profession which results from the use of technicians seems to be a long way off at least in this country. SIDE EFFECTS Some women have more bleeding and cramping than usual for the first few days (One medical journal suggests that one or two months is not too long for bleeding to take place after insertion). One can only assume that these were "male" doctors who wrote the article. ADVANTAGES Eliminates worry about birth control at the time of intercourse. It is easier than remembering to take your pill or inserting your diaphram. It is probably safer than pumping your system full of chemicals. In socialist countries where oral contraceptives are frowned upon, IUD's have been their alternative and have been used extensively by all women including those who have not had children. The reason for why the IUD is used less often in this country appears to be the profit motive. The pill costs only pennies to produce but costs the consumer up to $3.50 or more per month. The IUD, on the other hand, is a co.etime expense. Obviously companies manufacturing these devices will push the more profitable of the two. REVERSIBILITY Chances of becoming pregnant after removal are the same as before using the IUD. AtIONIM3011101101.00+1111INMIMMIIMIONMO. REFERENCES 1. BIRTH CONTROL HANDBOOK 4th edition, August 1970, McGill University Arts and Science Undergraduate Society. 3. OUR BODIES OURSELVES Boston Women's Health Book Collective. Simon and Schuster. New York 1973. 4. MEDICAL HANDBOOK BIRTH CONTROL HANDBOOK International Planned Parenthood 10th edition, March 1973, Federation. 3rd edition 1968 Health Press Incorporated. PDF Montreal compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked amended evaluation1971. copy of CVISION London.PDFCompressor 2. �Page 9C FOR MEN ONLY NEW BREAKTHROUGHS IN BIRTH CAN YOU NAME THESE I.PD:s P A D A. whirling dervish B. silent spring CONTROL Several thousand male prisoners have been using the Hot Rod since April, and the results "We had only had look promising. 34 cases or third degree burns," she stated, and we are working closely with the local Burn Unit to see whether or not the patients Prison officials will recover. have noted that since the advent of the Hot Rod, there have been When 43% fewer escape attempts. asked about the correlation between the use of the Hot Rod and the incidence of prison breaks, the warden replied, "Well, the men seem reluctant to walk around anymore." C. the drop kick D. stiff upper NEW HEAT WAVE KILLS SPERM INJECTION DECAPITATES SPERM lippy RUTTING, N.M., July 10 - A simple method of birth control by injection of a liquid into the penis has been discovered at the Rutting Clinic, by Dr. Eve Weltsmerz. "Using an ordinary hypodermic needle such as used by junkies all over the world, the new chemical formula (pat.pending) will decapitate the sperm, thus rendering it incapable of entering the female egg," Dr. Wetsmerz declared. Experiments on a thousand white whales from the continental shelf (whose sexual apparatus is said to be closest to man's) proved the new chemical to be 100% effective in preventing pregnancy and eminently satisfactory to the female whale since it does not interfere with her rutting pleasure. ANDROGEN, FLORIDA July 10 Scientists at Mammary Research Clinic announced today that they have developed an entirely new concept in birth control. Based on the finding of Dr. Sharon Suffrage, whose study on heat waves was published last year. the Clinic is testing the effects of heat on sperm production. Dr. Suffrage discovered that when intense heat was applied to the scrotum, the male's sperm was Of course, immediately destroyed. so were the testicles, but Suffrage thinks that this minor problem can be overcome. In announcing this new breakthrough in birth control, Suffrage explained THIS ARTICLE WAS TAKEN FROM that she is presently developing a "Her-self", 225 East Liberty portable hot iron which can be Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 applied directly to the scrotum by (August, 1974) The hot iron will the man himself. be marketed commercially by Suffrage Pharmaceutical Co. the trade PDF compression, OCR, webunder optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975 is INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR name "Hot Rod." �FOR EN ONLY; G iN_TalEaLCONTROL IPD antrapenal device) IS TESTED The newest development in male contraception was recently tested Called the intrapenaldevice or the IPD, it is inserted on male prostitutes. through the head of the penis and pushed into the scrotum with a plunger* like instrument. Occasionally there is perforation of the scrotum which is disregarded since the male has no sensitivity to this area of his body. No one really knows how they work or what the long range effects will be, IMF: but then, who cares? Common complaints have been severe cramping, massive hemorraghing and green discharges from the head of the penis which are merely signs that the man's body has not yet adjusted to the "new resident." Hopefully these symptoms will disappear within a year. Ins usually are implanted with a string to insure quick removal or for sado- masochistic "play." In cases where the sex partner has complained of the string, the string is removed and then the IPD must be taken out surgically. PENIS COIL "STATISTICALLY SAFE" INTERCOURSE, PA. July 10 - Dr. Sonia Softig of the Blue Balls Birth Control Clinic announced today the most effective method of birth control since castration. The device, which Dr. Softig invented, is a microscopic oil which can safely be inserted into the penis with very little It will remain discomfort to the man. be intact for as long as desired and removed as easily as it was inserted that is, with a tiny steel rod which is gently rammed through the penis opening. The main feature of the coil is its Experiments on a retentive power. hundred generations of pigs (whose sexual apparatus is said to be closest to man's) showed an expulsion rate of only 1.3%, with a complication rate of merely 18%. Dr Softig announced that the new coil has also been tested on unsuspecting male grad students who visited their University Health Clinic during the week An experimental of July 1 - July 8. study at Macho University showed that of the 762 male grad students who were given the coil, only 112 reported any adverse effects. Of these, 84 requested that the However, they were coil be removed. informed that they would have to wait until the study was completed before they could have the coil taken out. Dr. Softig has conceded that occasionally a man will not be able to tolerate the coil. But she emphasized that this is entirely the fault of that particular man. "When we get such a case," she stated, "we usually refer the man to a psychiatrist." b-UMBRELLY UNFURLED'# by Jane Field Special Science Editor PUDENDA, KANSAS, July 10 - An entirely new method of birth control has been discovered by Dr. Lura.Merkin of the Merkin Clinic. A tiny folded umbrella is inserted in the penis and opens automatically when it has reached the apex of the shaft. The underside of the umbrella contains jelly (hence, the name which causes the sperm to undergo a chemical change rendering it incapable of fertilizing the egg. Dr. Merkin said that the "umbrelly" can be inserted in the penis without an anasthetic, and with very little discomfort to the male. Thus, it can be done in a matter of minutes, in any soundproof doctor's office. Experiments on a thousand goats (whose sexual apparatus is said to be closest to man's) proved the sperm umbrelly to be 100% effective in preventing pregnancy and eminently satisfactory to the female goat since it does not interfere with her rutting pleasure. Dr. Merkin declared the "umbrelly" to be statistically safe for man. "Out of every hundred goats, only two died of intra-penis infection; only twenty experienced painful swelling in the unerected member; sixteen developed cancer of the testicles; and thirteen were too depressed to have an erection," Dr. Merkin pointed out that early cancer detection is a feature of the Merkin Clinic. Removal of one or both testicles is now considered a simple operation and has very little effect on a goat's sexual prowess. Only one out of a thousand goats had to have a radical penisectomy - that is, removal of the penis as well as the testicles. "But it is too rare to be statistically important", Dr. Merkin said. Other distinguished members of the Women's College of Physicians and Surgeons agreed that the results far outweigh the risk to individual men. 1975 - INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEP ?' PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �FAYILY PLANNING There have been obstacles to the practice of family planning. One of the main obstacles has been the fact that, She felt 1:hat education is comin,r, until 1969 the Crimminal Code restricted sale and dissemination of information practice of family :Aanrino.). regaridi 2..contraceptives. flowAV(r, there still exists a ba_:rier in fatily planning services and that is one of education and infromation. It is too little and tno late, people's a'titudes will have to shift to The Dirthe states with all this knowled,-. society has been afraid to move beyond that. surmised that most people in Canada know about contraception, however, about a third of all pre7lancies in Canada are unplanned. The advantaT,es of family planning cannot be overestimated: "If every child is a wanted child, chilren are better cared for, both physically and emotionally. Y,others are subjected to lower health risks if births are spaced carefully. The assurance that anoter child won't come before it's wanted helps couples plan other material and non-material aspects of their lives with more confidence. And we know family planninf; in the wide sense in which it must be defined can assist some of the childless to hear normal healthy habies. amily T-,lannin7. is not 5i. 5l' T.'!.D. It emodi the insertion or an a carerdl if F';!dly resourcs or happy res:)onle faily life." , hea]thy, ::]conomic Council or Canada 1:,arion Powell, Population Unit, :;chool of :Iy;--,iene, Universiy (1 7oronto, has been quoted in say in that '!aving A prevailing spirit seems to that "we are our sisters keepers,.' and we are not doing our duty to others when remaining apathetic to affairs that are constantly callinc; for a change for the better. Erma Stocking, Prov. Sec. of sack. WilA 1914 access to birth control information is not encvh. It is a very complex prol4lem to rove people from attitude to practice. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Ycal: �ABORTION PART 3 /1. Far from preventing harm to society, this law is instrumental in causing harm to many women who, desperate to rid themselves of an unwanted pregnancy, endanger and The final criticism of section 251, (which states that it is illegal for abortions to be performed except by a qualified medical practitioner, who has the consent of a therapeutic abortion committee of three) is the obvious difficulties involved in enforcing this law. That this law is not, and has not been enforced is beyond dispute. Innumerable abortions have been performed and continue to be performed in circumstances contrary to the law, and yet only a tiny fraction of these have ever been prosecuted. The main reason for this is that it is intrinsically difficult, almost impossible, to gather evidence of illegal abortions. Almost always, 'illegal abortions are carried out in a private manner with all parties involved consenting. Even those cases which come to the attention of hospital authorities and police cannot as a rule be prosecuted, for usually the women involved, who would seem to be the logical complainants, usually sometimes destroy their own lives and health. It is hard to imagine that even fear of prosecution would deter them. To argue that any of the above are the real purposes of the section merely, is believe, to cloud the issue. Clearly, the original purpose was to codify, what the legislators held to be the prevailing religious and moral belief. As a result, this original purpose remains enshrined in section 251, although it is questionable I whether it now actually represents the general views of society. It is not the case that all Canadians believe abortion to be wrong. A great many believe that there is no moral or any other wrong in abortion per se. In fact, there are many who find it morally wrong to restrict abortions, because of the horrifying results. How can these people, if apprehended for their involvement in proscribed abortions, justifiably be found guilty of a breach of the law? They would have no wrongful or criminal intent - a requirement for conviction under the principles of the criminal law. And yet, so long as In February of 1973 Leggatt, an N.D.P. memb iament from British Colu posed to remove section 2 from the Criminal Code. T the House suggests appro motion, but a word of c needed: this was only a fir and so the vote may well agreement that the matter ed. We are likely to wait time for the second, a reading of this bill. De proposed change to the ab is never brief, and so we sh await a time when Parli prepared to allow all othe It would seem that the difficulty to be set aside. What the will be is an open questio fully, there will be discuss purpose of criminal law i and of this section in parti in obtaining evidence of illegal abortions, and thus the problem in enforcing the law, centres around the fact that most participants in the act the decision will finally be refuse to divulge the identity of those injuring them, or the precise cause of their injuries. - well as witnesses, possible complainants and prosecutors - do as not feel guilty about it, do not feel that what they are doing is wrong. Perhaps this suggests that the law is not fulfilling its intended functions. When established, one of the pur- poses of the law was to protect society against the dangers of unscrupulous, untrained abortionists. However, as already pointed out, it section 251 is contained in the Criminal Code, it is in fact considered a criminal offense. on the effects that the rest abortion are having. It is in parliament, I be not by lawyers and judges u arguments but by politicia in response to public pr what they deem to be pu sure, as well as to their o dual and party stands. Th basically a matter of va opinions, and for the law good, responsible law, it m into account the honestly ion of the citizens it is int has had little success. In addition, protect. serve this purpose. --Val Packota (member-Nation Coalition for Abortion Law Rep there are other laws prohibiting the practice of medicine without a licence which would logically already Another function of the law is to protect members of society against a dangerous operation. However, as an abortion is a relatively easy surgical proceedure, one wonders about the emphasis given to this particular operation. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ir ibortion LiCij INTEhrhETED: in Northern Ontario (Fart f) ieieORTION - the following is a summary of the research and articles done by Nan HajnovIch and ;inita Dahlin, Staff eriters for the Sault Daily Star. Their articles appeared on January 2, 1973 - January 27, 1973 inclusive. Ti is as difficult to get a therapeutic abortion in Northern Ontario as it is uebec, a survey of hospitals, whose record of 7.6 abortions for every 100 live births come closest to the overall Ontario figure of 17, 'Northern Ontario abortion committees ere as strict as old-fashioned school merms.' The north part of the province is only one example of the uneven application of Section 23( of the eriminal Code since the federal tnendment in 1969. ?en of M. hospitals in Northern Ontario have therapeut:c abortion eemeitteee, rareziru from ,:ochr,nele Lady 'elinto hospital with seventy beds to Sudeury il,emorial with 242 teds. hospitals with such committee also include Kirkland Lake, Dryden, Kapuskasing and Kenora. Although there is only one hospital in Elliot Lake, Fort Frances, Hearst, and Timmins, all of which have more beds than Cochrane, none had an abortion committee. Sioux The Lool<out has two hospitals. larFer one, with 70 beds, is an Indian hospital run by the department of national health and welfare. It has no abortion committee. In the 438 miles between Sault Ste. Marie and Thunder Pay, there are five smaller hospitals, none of which have abortion committees. Toronto General hospital did one ninth of the therapeutic abortions performed in Ontario in 1971 (1,816) and west Toronto East General's 1,004 did one sixth of all legal abortions in the province. Iondon's Victoria Hospital did 1,380 and the Hamilton hospitals another 1 605 so that three cities carried nearly one half the load for the province. (to be CONTINUED - PAFT Ii : * hole of the Newspapers he: Abortion Issue) The The Therapeutic abortions done at six hospitals, Thunder bay Xchellar an .ort -.rtleer ilenerel Hospital, L;e1Alt Mere Plemmer Nemoriel, Cudbur emorial, North Pay Civi and Cochrane Lady Nieto totalled 776 in 1971. ,empared with the number of live births, the figure for this part of e province worl,s out to 1.R. FeportinR; hospitals comprise 75 of the hospital beds in those institutions with abortion committees. If those unreported did a comparable number of abortions the figure for the north might reasonably be placed at 2.4, or one sixth of the Ontario average. 1975: International Women's Year PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �t,rt_er comple..8 oi the legs, glide hands over buttocks to central_ back. 2. Slide hands all the way back to feet and repeat #1 (all the way up legs) with some pressure. 3. Massage buttocks, knead the flesh. as if At first work on both kneading bread. buttocks, then concentrate on one, then the other. (For this you can remain on one side of recipient. No need to change sides). Rhythmic strokes. Make small, 1/2" circles all over each buttock using the middle three fingers of your hand pressed tightly into a triangle with the middle finger on top. 6. Use thumbs to press in (toward spine) and down (into back). Hold each press about 5 seconds. This is done at base of spine on points indicated. 7. Using thumbs make small circles into spine and up. Continue up to top of spine. Circles link together. At shoulders do some kneading out to upper edge of blade. 8. Slide hands back to buttocks. Locate muscle columns up of back (about half way between spine and side) and make 2-3 long, hard presses all the way up these to shoulders, kneading again. at Make larger circles all over buttocks using heel of hand. 4. 5. Spread fingers of hand wide apart. Place hand firmly against lower slope of one Now shake the buttock quickly buttock. first forward and back (30-40 shakes) then side to side. Repeat with other buttock. According to the Tantric teachings, our psychological condition is more dependent on the state of the spine than any other part of the body. You will surely agree to this when you experience the deep sense of relief and release when your back is thoroughly massaged. Spend your time well on giving a back massage. top. 9. 10. Bend elbow. Place hand on small of back. (Hold hand in place with your foot.) Use your fingers of one hand as in #3 and thumb of other hand to knead muscles under shoulder blade. Repeat for other shoulder. 11. Hold one of his arms in both your hands. Lift and push elbow in circnla motion watching shoulder muscle. When you see it rippling you know you have the right movement. Repeat for other shoulder (about 10 times). 12. Slide back to top of buttocks. Ask friend to take in a deep breath and hold. it. After 4-5 seconds have him breathe out and MOVE WITH HIS BREATH pushing all the way up back, arriving at shoulders as his breath finishes. REPEAT TWICE. (MUCH pressure). Straddle your friend's thights. Give several strokes all the way up to the shoulders with some pressure. (Gets the circulation going) ALSO USE THIS STROKE BETWEEN OTHER STROKES. GIVES YOU A SHORT REST - TIME TO THINK WHAT COMES NEXT - AND DOESN'T BREAK CONTINUITY. FEELS BEAUTIFUL. 1W5: Make circles into spine again using whole hand. Link circles as in #7. International Women's Year PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �J. 14. 15. Kneu Shouldel- Stand, straddling recipient. Hold Lift and drop his shoulders firmly. them in rapid succession 40-100 times. 77-1/WA-.5 log Care-RI/1/6 THE CEREMONY MCHOLe YOU ge-LPA.-0 i-je- a:7- of r1 REAL ;TAM Experiment with strokes you think Do not hesitate between. would be good. Glide from one to the next. Try, lifting, rocking side-to-side presses, tapping, See if you can locate other drumming. tension-relieving pressure points like those in 116. 'h. Draw lines along all limbs and up spine Called "connecting". meeting at neck. Scratch, tickle or slap his back as he wishes to stimulate skin. STICK AROUND FOR A SECaNi2 ioN/4-E PROOF REAO YOUR Mgr/Cr-6; 0-A- 2 YOU'a OK. thte 17: E1/6N 71/006H .rivi JUST R WON/1W X ivizvre fr Altpl THE I SAWSENSIT/WrY ONE FiA/P5 /N YOUR OWN PROSE:/ ktfrw Wet,- sew ft lriNa ;049,1y PR AMP 5PCC/A4 egasz9rAn(7-",./A-A- rny,...cyz ,PREstp&y, ate.< -WE- 02E56:N729r/0N OF 7-1,6- /1/4.=11/ LNWERSrry /9ar 6A/ -e_eX?Y''' 'frfe k -/,V6 7716 P4W7 lidirN5R Cr si1ilviviN6 IN 1115 PROVA:A7271/6'- 470/4/W .54l/r ,45 GL.R5H&O 'MR.-T:4)/40k; THE miso/y/v, 51111-1." ior NEAR-0Y goicri,e/2.s " &ES CAIARte--5 TAY1 -0/e, ,ON47 Sreze- <7 3--v64-rE, /' :RV 30- 3a -,30, 7-URNep MARE" ;7-H,9A; 0,v6- HE/112 Airry H/9 51.156:1Z, 5X7N.-776H7- Socit-9. Chivelc; A sprjA,_ A.5.549.rAN7; /9 A 1=0Q.AfeR 8RtiMcv7-4:' yoaze- TQY /N6 TO MAKE- A peyAir Alet---AP / you? Man is defined as a human being and woman is defined as female. Whenever she tries to behave as a human beinr, she is accused of trying to emulate the male. Simone de 5eauvoir The Second Sex 1975: PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor International Women's Year �THE LAST (?) /5 TA There are people in Thunder Bay and in We can talk about many controversial subjects today -- religion, sex, politics, rape,other abor-Canadian and American cities who are to face death in a realistic tion, homosexuality -- some of which couldready be and practical way; many of them are labelled as 'taboo.' A real 'biggy taboo' we members of a memorial society - a tend to still avoid discussing is a dirty old voluntary group of people who have 5-letter word: d e a t h. joined together to obtain dignity, simplicity and economy in funeral Let's take that dirty old 5-letter word out through advance planning. of the closet and deal with it for whatarrangements it They not only encourage people to plan really is -- a part of 1 wing. simple arrangements but also encourage them to direct funds to worthy, lifeMany people say it's 'depressing,' say it's giving They even encourage the sad, but not depressing -- sad that a loved causes. bequeathal of eye corneas so that the one is no longer among us; sad that someone blind may see, as well as lifesaving in the prime of life has died of an incurable organs You don't have disease, or has been killed in an accident. such as kidneys. to be associated with a memorial society There is, however, an off-shoot of death that in order to be realistic and practical can be depressing and that is when a bereaved, about death, but it helps. (If you are shock-stricken family spends money it doesn't interested in obtaining memorial society have on an expensive funeral in order to literature, either write to Box 501, r influence rich relatives (who seldom Stn, F, Thunder Bay, or 'phone 683-3051). help out with the payments), or the s, the boss, or whoever and, conseErnest Morgan, author of "A Manual of goes into debt for months or even Death Education & Simple Burial" (Celo It's also depressing that when there available to pay for an elaborate Press), writes: "About accepting death -we commonly act as if we, and those we which means an expensive funeral) love, were going to live forever. money couldn't have been spent, But we are wrong, for all must die--nor can on medical research, or an we know when this will happen........... nal fund, or world relief -- if The subject of death has long been taboo money to be spent, spend it on a in our culture. This is unfortunate, ause. for death is a normal and necessary part of life. t wonder "Why are you including this Until we learn to face it honestly and accept it, we are not in The Northern Woman?" -- statistics living at our best" and that there is a higher and earlier we are to live with patience and gentleness and. te among men which means that wives love, let us be about it today, for life tlive their husbands and are, thereis short." ced with difficult decisions of great at a time when mental and physical Amen. re at a low ebb. Women should be Lucy Tett ways to avoid spending life-time or going into debt, prior to being th having to make what may well be expensive purchase in a life-time: a funeral, 'When you come to love tion to feelings of grief and shock ime of a death, there is also usually someone g of guilt. Those three powerfullyJ Does it mean you love feelings can persuade the most levelerson to weaken, to even tell the director "I just can't cope with all those less whom you ils - you go ahead and do whatever you best..." then, when the statement already love in the mail a week or two later, she y realizes that the funeral she hazily Or do you come to love ed cost much more than she thought it d will put her in debt. more & more & more (?) i 0 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Electro- shock is a type of convulsive therapy - used in our mental hospitals today. 'Convulsive therapy merely means giving a person an artificial convulsion. Electro -convulsive shock means exectl y a convuisio,I wfiat it sounds like brought about by passing an electric tirough a persoo, Shock was discivered as marry other hlleranies' were discovered; as a treatment of the symptom and not entire problem. The groundwork for electro convulsive Si locls was laid by a Budapest psychiatrist in 1935 by the name of Von Medusa. His research on 'schizophrenic' people (people who are out of touch with reality and a label which many psychiatrists apply at random) brought him to the following conclusion: Convulsions temporarily eliminate 'socially unacceptable behaviour'. He chose the drug 'metrazol' as a means of inducing a convulsion. The convulsions were so extreme that the result was the death (murder) of Very little is known about the other methods. Further, shock is long term effects of shock treatment, used as a form of punishment. If the yet the medical profession continues patient does not behave in a manner to experiment with innocent people. that is satisfactory to the staff, One study on the effects of eictrohe/she is threatened with more treatconvulsiveshock reports: ment --shock. Finally, after a series result of shod, one a 1. As of shock, the follow-up care is often experience confusion and memory minimal or non-existant. gaps .(loss of short term memory). Shock is given to an individual at 2. There is a decrease in one's the discretion of the doctor not at learning ability after repeated shock. the discretion of the person who is 3. There is a gradual lowering about of to receive it, especially if that one's level of recovery as the number person has been involuntarily comof shocks increases, i.e. ine memory mitted. There are two types of takes longer to recur. people in the Thunder Bay Psychia The lain. is Olaf eiectro convulsive tric wards voluntary 'incompeshock is nod because it works it temporally eliminates the 'had' behavior (symptmn) and, vvnen the 'bad' behavior returns....you are shocked again. The cause of the 'bad' behavior is most often ignored. It is ignored because a basic principle which underlies rnost 'tilerapY is many people. The term 'murder' is that of dealing with the individual tents' here because the individuals who died as a result, where unknowing and helpless victims of 'scientific are used and the individual's problems as they tents'. mani rested in a VOid, ign oring or denying social/co involuntary 'incompeAlmost half (48%) of all and mental patients admitted to Onta- rio's 17 mental hospitals were forciband economic injustices wi ach ;exist ly committed. The difference in the for the majority of the population. status of such individuals is the A few years later, in 1938, two Canadian psychiatric wards:. are voluntary commits her/himself while Italian psychiatrists took up the filled with poor prmitple, usually the involuntary is committed by cause. They developed a method of working people and women. Stich family or other institutions. The creating convulsions through the use individuals have been labelled 'moon voluntary 'incompetents' still have of electro-shock. The complication tally ill' by the medical and legal this time was, again, extreme convulthe right to decide what happens to the psyc'liaexperts on madness sions resulting in severe physical them, the involuntary have NO trists and judges. The experts Have ini,tries and in some cases, death. RIGHTS. In Ontario it only takes spent many years compiling a listthe of signature of one doctor to have A paralytic drug called 'curare' labels describing different 'types'you of committed. When a person retie was than intnduced by A.E.. Bennett mental illness. The most common are as a means of preventing physical ses to accept the decisions of the 'schizophrenic', 'psychotic', 'alcs.y injuries by paralyzing the patients doctors and staff as is her/his right, it holicipsychopath' and 'neurotic'. muscles. Curare further paralyzed is interpreted as a further sign Once the incividual has been catagothe lungs and heart and, as a result, his/her 'illness'. Thus even the people rized she/he is locked up, 'treated' many people died. Later less traumawho voluntarily commit themselves and then processed. The treatment in fact have no rights. One Canadian t:: muscle relaxants were introduced too often is electro-convulsive shock. and, once the bumps were smoothed CommuniLv Health worker states: out, electro - convulsive shock be- There are therapists who strongly agree that electro-convulsive shock came very popular. The reason for research'. should be banned entirely as they it'swick, popularity was economy. It was efficient and less staff were view its use as inhumane arid violent. ,eouired. Further, it was much easier The more conservative therapists for the staff to 'control' quiet and agree in theory that shock should be obedient 'patients'. used only in extreme cases where Presently, shock is a popular form every other method of treatment has of 'treatment' in Thunder Bay Psychiatric wards. As Thunder Baybeen is tried and failed. However, in actual practice, shock is often used the regional hospital, all of North form of 'treatment' as the only western Ontario's electro convulsive without having attempted to explore shocks are administered here. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �shocK- -At you're acting or feeling too Very modern and follows the current school psychological thought, that of modification. Behavior behavior mod. (as it is called), appears to be a very simple philosophy.: It says to depressed for your professional helpers they can shock We ink Out of you with electric shock. For the next few weeks or month alter tins shock treat mem, you'll be confused, 'iris oriented' (sometimes not knowing where you are or what time it is) and forget a lot of things. reward good behavior and punish make gigantic decisions, like, what mal breathing and color are re established (an ashen gray color indicates serious complications and should be reported mmedi- the trick, they'll give you maybe 15, 20 or more shocks until you cheer up and snap out of what the staff imagine is bugging you and them about it is atel y.) Some people may become excited andior combative if the nurse 2. tries to control them...therefore assistance or restraints may be you. But don't worry; your memory will come back in necessary about a month after they stop shocking you. Also a few blood vessels in your brain may have hemorrhaged or ruptured after 50-100 of these 'treatments', but you probably won't know it (until it's too late). some Since most people are confused and disoriented after shock... keep them in bed 3. 4. 2. jects are removed and long hair is braided 3. Dentures are removed 4. Tight clothing is removed 5. Person receiving shock is toileted and temperature, pulse and respiration are supposed to be checked 6. 7. Psnigs such as 'atropine' or 'dramarnine' are given in order to prevent nausea and excessive salivation Shock is usually given in a separate room so that other patients are not able to observe - especially those who are next in the line up B. shock, if so, more drugs An individtra may be frightened at the loss of her/his mernbry but the staff stands ready to assure the person that it is only temporary. (from a psychiatric nursing text, 1971 ) call it Why is electro-convulsive shock used? There are many ways of looking at this final question. As has been pointed out, economically electro convulsive shock is very useful. The majority of Canadian psychiatric hospitals are understaffed. Why? In Toronto in 1971; only 4% of the total Public Health Department budget was allocated to the mental Health Division. Since there are too few to handle the large number of patients, other methods of 'control' with quickly with the use of shock, and as a result, hospital beds are swallow her/his 10. The person assisting in the administration nI Ike shock holds the mouth gag and then puts pressure on the patient's chin so that fracture or dislocation of t le raw will be averted. behavior of mine, say drinking alcohol, is bad then he will try to punish like I am unable to find a decent job, not bite tongue. or lar behavior. For example, if a behavioral psychologist decides that a particualr are necessary. I be drinking for significant reasons, give them some A mouth gag is inserted in the mouth so that the person does the desired position. 'good' and what is 'bad', and maybe worst of all, what, is 'behavior'? The aspect of most concern is that people cannot be separated from the world they live in, much less their particu- ence nausea, dizziness, blurring of vision and headache following that the extreme use of drugs and shock have thus far provided a solution. Less staff are required to handle drugged or shocked patients, and in addition, less time is required in working with patients. Finally, symptoms are dealt A special jelly called 'electrode jelly' is applied to the temples and then the person is placed in is An individual may also experi- S. Food intake is either restricted or limited prior to shock Hairpins and/or other metal ob- behavior. mod. runs amuk because it must my excessive drinking and reward me when I am not drinking. This of may course, is dangerous because Procedures In Administering Shock 1. behavior bad following takes place: Respiration is checked until nor1. If one or two shocks don't do ever However, After the shock is administered the It seems them like my family is forced to live in a slum and my children are constantly hungry and in need of decent clothing etc. If the psychologist does not look beyond the symptom (drinking) he will identify me as ill and will try to eliminate my behavior, most often ignoring the reasons for it. Electra-convulsive shack is just one way of destroying people in our society. There are many -others, yet we claim that people are important. Psychiatric 'hospitals', 'prisons', 'old folks homes', these are the reflecting mirrors of our culture. These are the mirrors we see ourselves TN in. MOHN1NG .RAYIA THE SENIS C $H MALI/ GIVES TILE POLLO*ING THANKS; ELE LORD OUR GOD, ART THOU , KING OF THE UM TESE, 1 WA::j NOT hOHN A WOMAN. emptied quickly. However, this solu- tion must be questioned since, ac- cording to one article on Ontario psychiatric hospitals, 'In 1971, 67% was the rate of re-admission in the Toronto Queen St. hospital.' PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �rkrorNyl RrAart... 011BWAY 'NATO KENORA AREA iiii"ANOSIMMISMallitigevow,,,Tosvatteletut80,2467141Ma1/464,fiv 4aVotitamt..wmees..4onpAr.foxi....,sosisralt- THE OJIBWA': YIARRIDK) SOdETY STATEMENT The following is ihe Oiihway rior Socieiv giving 41 brit f (iniline of the hisior\ ;1 nature and role of ihe \y;irrior in outline of the pt'('( ili siruggle warrior society in Kenora. lin 4. }lib..., oTtry,wAy \.\.,\131.(totz I, Since the origin (Air cominualties, all Nations have had a Warrior Society, 2, The Warrior Society irises 10 protect ;Ind serve calf. communities in times of war and opiiVesSiOn, W'avviors come ()anti alliong-- the hunters, trapp'l.irs, workers, women and Men, young and olil, The Warriors fought the invaders, the Evil-Ash troops and the French troops and the Spanish troops throughout North America. The warriors have also fought the American and Cana lian armies. The Warriors have fought against all attempts by foreign pov.,,ers to destroy Our corm-nu n:tics and way Of governing ourselves. The Warriors have also fought in the Second World War in the Canadian Army against the Nazis in Europe. The Warriors have fought in Wounded Knee (1973) and in kenora and Cache Creek: (l971), 'cite Warrior Societies of ;ill tribes and Nations have loo ht on all fronts for the liberation of mankind vat for the basic right of every human being and every family and every nation against aggression. :U RI exploitation. The Warrior Societies of all Nations and all Tribes honour our Governing bodies 11111 Councils as well as the policies of the people. 1. II' there is no war, our communities respond to the specific conditions and to the needs of the people. The Warrior Society participates inbuilding the new society and works hard to build our Nations and our communities. 5. The 'Warrior Society is a tradition of all Nittioas, like that of the 11.1edicine Soc!iely, 1975: 1975: Interne Interna The Warrior Society learns from the Theory PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using aof watermarked copyLaw of CVISION PDFCompressor and Lessons the Land andevaluation from the Great that everyone must be free and follow the revolu- �19 LETTER TO THE EDITORS . When the Northern Woman began, it dealt with basic emotion. Many of us began to discover, for the first time in our lives, that the frustrated feelings we had were not signs of insanity, but rather of having to deny ourselves the rights: to be us, to admit we had an ego, to try to be whatever we thought we had the ability and stamina to be, and to be accepted for our intelligence as well as our bodies. The knowled-,e, understanding and acceptance that we really could be and do whatever we wanted was explosive. Sparks of new- found friendship and tremendous emotional support of one another flew in all directions, and ignited that almost-smothered desire for life in its fullest sense. That emotional support and accept- ance that I found at first over- wheimed me, then fractured the direction my life had been going in. At last I was free to take control of my own life and to set my own priorities. The North- ern Women's Conference in April, 1973 did that for many women, and out of that conference grew the Northern Women and The Northern Women's Centre, both of which supported and communicated with women as people. For many of us it's been almost a year and a half since The rIreat Awakening has taken place. During that time, many women have found the direction they want their lives to go, and have made a lot of progress. Their consciousnesses have been raised, and they have graduated from lying on their backs to the walking and running stage of development. They're now taking on the broader social issues (rape, abortion, conditions in other lands, etc.) wnicn must be dealt with. But what about the women who are not yet aware of why they are in the situations they're in? The Northern Woman is be7inning to reach above the heads of women who are not yet out of the babyhood stages of development. Co t PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I'm not advocation a regression of the part of the Northern Woman, or even a slower rate of growth. caution. I do, nowever, suggest I don't want The Northern Woman to become so intellect- ualized that only the aware woman can relate to it. We must not for- get that we have many sisters who are still floundering in situations they don't quite understand. Women are still ;roping for someone, somewhere, who can look her in the eye and say honestly, without reI care. broach or impatience, "I understand. I'll Help." I'd like to suggest that at least one page per issue of The Northern Woman be used as an "open" consciousness-raising forum. There are many women who are still too insecure (or have other reasons) to participate in a "closed" C-R session. I would not object to a writer remaining anonymous if she so desired. be identified at first. It is terrifying to speak and As she shares her experiences and feeling, sne'll become more sure of herself and wouldn't remain anonymous forever {haven't we been anonymous long enough?). Also, suggestions on how to act and react to male-chauvinist acts and statements would be helpful. Example: Are YOU a Women's Libber? When I'm up. against a question like that, I usually ask the speaker to explain the term, and then I base my reply on nis/her definition. Sincerely, EDITORS REPLY; Your letter clearly expresses a concern many of us have been discussing lately. Are we relating to women who still cling to the obsolete social stereotype of helpless protected female. What can we do about it? Everyone agrees we need another conference, however as this is not possible, this year at least, we will start with your good suggestion of an "open" consciousness-raising page. We do have a problem though. We are getting very little feedback, in writing, about the contents of the newsletter, so have nothing much with which to gauge whether we are in fact tdo"intellectual" for some readers. Are they even reading it? We really are in the toddler stage of development comparelto some of the analytical writings of other women's papers. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �s Re-p Aft-, We do feel the newsletter is bringing issues to light in hopes of making more women aware of some of the problems women are having, because of their sex. You are correct we cannot slow our rate of growth. We "can't slow the train" but we can reach out more effectively so that women can catch hold and ''et on board if they wish to. We hope, Deanna, you will share with us more specifically how you dealt with the obstacles and put-downs you encountered in order to "take control of your own life". --barb and Bonnie are anxious to get, the children's room in operation. All manner of equipment and supplies are desperately needed (a list is posted in the centre) if you have anything to donate please bring it to the centre or phone 6?07 for pickup., --Sita is moving to Macdiarmid (near Nipigon ). this month. She has a new job there and a beautiful hose to live in. She also has a. three month. old infant to be taken ease of. 3he weAd like to find someone who would he vii i ra to move with her in the role of helper -- to 100x after the infant and become part of the family. If you :know of anyone who might be interested in assuming this position or are interested. yourself, write to her at this address; 3ita 'ieierthal. Macdiarmid, Ont. or pho-e at --The funding we received for this newsWe would letter is nearly all gone. I ike to sontinue (publishing?) with money received from subnriptonti. 10any of you have been receiving. t'or: newsletter free We thin4 we are worthy of a of charge, Hope ,you do $2.00 yearly subscription. too, MTIi:;;CRTBE COIl. Sha.r :our news- letter with your frionds. too would liKe fo Perhaps they 345-57(,7. --if you would like to work part-time THIINIA-CHOLT and are a school psycholint or he- To Inc 'STEki':0 SHACK, Victoria Ave. who haviour consultant cohtlet raren i?hodes 622-7541. have refused to remove an obnoxious advertisement from their window... depicting a woman's breasts an stereo spea4ers. Breasts have one main functon and being wired for sound is not one! "1 --Next month 's issue will he dedicated. to WORi<ING WOMN=N and any articles, letters or personal experiences would be apprecPlease submit any material to iated. Box 314 Thunder Bay "P" by !'Th;v. 1st, or drop off at the centre. -- Watch for the "Northern women 's Centre" grand opening, near th(tend of October. To Helen Halet who was recently hired as Women's Director for the '2hunder Bay YVYWCA. Helen is also a very hard worKer for The Northern Women's Centre. irternational :kpmen'3 Year 1975: PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �A MOUSE IN WOMEN'S CENTRE ! Yes, it's true (a female one, of course). ! ! I don't know how many are in the nest but I'm aware of one so far and so shall tell you about her only. She sat there, looking around at the women arranged in a circle. Sometimes she'd busy herself rustling papers, or scurrying out to the kitchen area, then back to the circle -- watching, listening, feeling uncomfortable about what she was seeing and hearing but too timid to do anything about it. That mouse is ME -- and I have a very icky feeling about myself for not voicing my thoughts and feelings at last night's Women's Centre Meeting at which Ruth Cunningham, Director of Women's Programs, Confederation College, was unfairly (in my mousey opinion anyway) criticized for tile way in which the recent' 'Family Property Law' seminar was run. The criticism came from one who, to the best of my knowledge, hasn't attended one of our Centre's meetings before. Some of her criticisms were that the resource persons designated as group leaders were not adequately knowledgeable of our laws; that secretarial students from tie College's Legal Secretary Division were more or less coerced into taking notes (one student per group) and, also, were allegedly told by some unknown person "It would be nice if you would wear a dress." I I appreciated having a non law-affiliated person as the resource leader in the group was An -- though she couldn't answer all the questions put to her (many of which were off the subject we were supposed to be dealing witn), she had done extensive reading and preparation which was more than the rest of us had done although we, too, were aware of the seminar months in advance. If a lawyer, for instance, had been our resource leader, most of Us in.the group would have felt inadequate and unwilling to participate. to me the main overall concensus of the plenary session: I suspect It emphasized that more education is vitally needed in tne areas of matrimonial, family and property law, commencing in the elementary grades. Regarding the note-taking roles of the College's secretarial students: these students were not totally obliged to be note-takers secretarial course in the first place). (nor, I am sure, were they obliged to enrol' in the Perhaps they saw this as an opportunity to practice their chosen field of work and, at the same time, as an opportunity to learn about family and property law. I think it was a beneficial and sensible arrangement for all concerned - the PDF compression, OCR, web optimization and using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor students, the enlisted participants, the College. Coirtf. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 1 No 13 Description An account of the resource The Northern Woman (Health issue) Topics include: Editorial policy Patient rights Birth control methods (benefits & disadvantages) The pill Spermicides Condoms Diaphragm Vasectomy Intrauterine Devices (IUD) Voluntary sterilization Male birth control breakthroughs Intrapenal device Penis coil Family planning Abortion law Equal access to healthcare Comics Death & family law Electroshock conversion therapy Ojibway Warrior Society Kenora Letter to the editor Local announcements & events Authors/Contributors: Val Packota Jane Field Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-09 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2737/1974_Vol_1_No_14_CV01.pdf 8468874e77e5ccae8e68d959c3a79606 PDF Text Text PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL This issue is dedicated to working women in an attempt to increase women's awareness of themselves as workers. Women are in the work force in large numbers and the proportion of women with children who work outside the home is increasing. Yet, while the proportion of working women is increasing, their situation in the work force is largely unchanged. They are not spread evenly throughout the work force, but tend to be concentrated in jobs which These jobs are are service, office and light indLotrial wonk, . female, role in the home, and include generally exteneioas of the cleaning, chile C870 and 'are of duties such as food preparation, considerably loss than the sick and elderly, Here, they are reid with dual men, are generally non-unionized and nc.aally rust C01.3 &ddcd al den of inadequate home and work responsfbilities plus f:tie child care. When a history of working women is cxanined, we fleil that in the earliest societies there existed a divi--,on of labour such that men did the hunting and woman the gothoring. fo one ses: was considered superior because both did the work necessary for survival. Today, women's work has become low in eeeeesi and discrimfration on the basis of sex has been repeatedly shown 'e )xict, We-r:en are viewed primarily as a cheap labour noo: for use in times of national need. Women are generally employed in areas where labour costs form the bulk of all production cost ;labourintensive industries), which means more profit can be made by paying low wages than by expenditures on machinery. automating. Automation requires 7arge of sLch areas as the textile industry. This is particularly true factories threaten to unionize and press for If the women in the working eonditions, they threaten profits higher wages and better decide to relocate to where they can and the company :7nvolved maT Clown wages)9 on they may decide to find better condiaons replace the troublesome workers. automate afterall, and thereby Automation, when used properly could benefit wcrkers by giving them more time with their families, and by eliminating boring or hard lat'our, but instead, It is used ase increase Profits by eliminating the jobs of some, and le-ening the remaining workers under the same pre-autometion condition. Many :omen in factories today have jobs only because they ane cheaper than meehines. Woman also plays a special role in her job because her "femininity" is her greatest assets. She is used to attract customers or to provide "charming service" (such as in the case of a stewardess with the corn st makeup and the right amount of bare leg). A secretary's ability te serve coffee graciously and anticipate her boss' needs is taken as evidence of HIS importance In additien to the actual and the efficiency of the Company. technical demands of the job, a w-man muot be peepared to sell herself in order to promote her worknce and thus ensure her job, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �OCTOZER The Ontario Medical college for Women is established as a result of a meeting held under the auspices of Toronto Women's Suffrage Assn., 1883. Frances Nokes, appointed the first woman clerk ofthe Ontario Legislature -- Toronto 1973 Irene Florence Murdock is not entitled to a half interest in her husband's rtnching business, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled in a 4-1 judgement -- Ottawa, 1973. Mrs kornoski was escorted from the Ont. Legislature after she tried to speak out ageinst the Workmen's Compensation Board. She received a back injury in a Toronto factory 8 yrs. ago and was receiving $75. a mo. in compensation Toronto, 1973 Donna Scott, named by Premier WM. Davis as the first non-civil servant to serve on the seven member Civil Service Commission which sets employment standard for Ontario's 68,000 civil servants--1974 Sandra Niessen's claim that Algoma Steel Corp. discriminated against her when she was refused an un-skilled labor job because there were no women's washrooms was supported by the Ontario Human Rights Commission -- Sault Ste. Marie, 1974. Coleen Miller active with and Castlegreen was hired as consumer help officer for the Federal Dept. of Consumer & Corporate Affairs. Misleading advertising, unethical sales practices, hassles over warranties call Ms. Miller at 623-1124 -- Thunder BaY, 1974 Michelle Dionne, first Canadian woman to be accepted at the University of Louvain Belgium. Upon completion of the course she may become Canada's first female brewmaster -- Cornwall, 1974 a Health Minister Marc Lalonde reintroduced in the Commons the bill on the Canada Pension Plan amendments which would enable housewives to participate in the plan ---Ottawa,19744 Helen Harrison, aviator, who taught the fundamentals of flying to hundreds of men and during her 8 yrs. in aviation has chalked up 2,4000 flying hrs., is appointed chief instructor at the London Ont. Flying Club -- 1941. The Mother-Led Union met Rene Brunelle, Minister of Community & Social Services and told him he had until spring to conceive a new approach to services for single mothers or they will leave as many as 3,000 children with ministry officials -- Toronto 1974 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Judge Ethel MacLachlan, first woman juvenile court judge and justice of peace in Canada, writes to judges suggesting that their juvenile courts be supplied with women probation officers -- 1921. 14 .146- Charlotte Whitton becomes the first woman mayor of a Canadian city -- Ottawa, 1951. Florence Baynard Bird, appointed in 1967 as chairwoman of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women in Canada and recognized for her service to Canada by a Companion of the Order of Canada, receives an honorary degree -- 1971. Mothers-On-Budgets re-elect Colleen Miller president; Margaret Weaver, vice-president; Elaine Daoust, secretary and Gerri Harrison, treasurer-- Thunder Bay, 1974 The Privy Council rules that women are persons Senate -- 1929. and are able to sit in the Canadian Justice Minister Otto Lang said he intervened with Secretary of State Hugh Faulkner to stop a grant to the Saskatoon Women's Centre, which advises women on birth control and abortion -- Ottawa, 1974. Of 43 persons contesting the 12 aldermanic seats, five were women, four won seats, the largest female representation ever -- Calgary, 1974. Nellie McClung, feminist, suffragist, writer, born -- 1873 Madeleine de Vereheres, a 14-yr. old girl, takes command of Fort Vercheres and successfully defends it for 8 days against an Iroquois attack -- 1692. Sheila Noyes taught in Sierra Leone, Africa during July and Aug. as a volunteer with the 1974 Canadian Teachers Federation Project Overseas -- Thunder Bay 1974. THE NORTHRILN WOMEN'S CENTRE spearheaded a local symbolic day of mourning in conjunction with the National Action Comm-ttee on the Status of Women, which says the Bill of Rights died last month when the supreme Court of Canada upheld a section of the Indian Act under which native women who marry non-Indians lose their Indian status. The Supreme Court ruled against Jeanette Lavell -- Thunder Bay, 1973. Eileen S. Magill of Winnipeg receives her Private Pilot certificate and becomes the first woman in Manitoba (and the second in Canada) to receive a pilots' license --1928; * PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Women attending a weekend consultation. on International Women's Year were dismayed at learning Suzanne Findlay, chairman of the Women's Program in the Secretary of State department was losing her job, jeopardizing many project by a change in leadership two months before I. W. Y. begins. Estelle Friedlander represented the NORTIII:a WOMEN'S 1974 CENTRE at the consultation.-- Ottawa Const. Linda Druger, Thunder Bay, Const. Tosca Meier Kenora and Const. Barbara Winters,Renora are three women from N.W.O. who took advantage of the U.P.P.'s announcement that women would be accepted as candidates for police constables -- Thunder Bay, 1974. Elaine Tanner wins two silver medals at the Olympics in Mexico City -- 1968. M.P.'s favor housewives joining pension plan. Welfare Minister Marc Lalonde hopes the changes will be approved in time for them to take effect Jan. 1. -- Ottawa 1973 (moving right along aren't they) see Oct. 10 & Nov. 4 EX R 0 Marjorie (Marnie) Clarke, appointed the new director of the Ont. Ministry of Labor's Women's Bureau -- 1974 500 women from 96 communities (Diane Begg lawyer from Thunder Bay) attended a twoday conference on family property law -- Toronto 1974 3S, (from Thunder say) first deaf-blind person in the British Commonwealth to receive a. bachelor of arts degree, University of Toronto, dies of brain tumor-19711)e :ae -,3rown, ,....11.1 Despite widespread support the Commons talked out a,private members bill which would have enabled housewives to participate in the Canada Pension Plan -- Ottawa, 1974. * United Nations General Assembly unanimously adopts the Elimination of Discrimination against Women -- 1967. Declaration on the NORTHERN WOMEN'S CENTRE holds official Grand Opening (too busy to do it earlier) In the centre are a Free Children's Playroom, Library, Drop-in-Centre. We are involved in a newsletter, health-care, rape-crisis, housing (crisis), day-care and all issues which affect women -- Thunder Bay, 1974 The 30-yr. old Toronto Men's Press Club decided (43-34) to open its membership to It will also apply for a change of name, dropping reference to men --1974 women. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �NoveriesR co h t'ot Raynelle Andreychuk, lawyer was elected as vice -president of the council of Canadian Young Men's Christian Association -- Orillia,-1973. * Dr. Emily Howard Stowe attends mtg. of the American Soc., for the Advancement of Women and decides to instigate a similar organization in Canada 1876. Jo * Emmeline Pankhurst speaks in Toronto to the Canadian Club ( a male club) while on tour of Canada to further the Suffragist cause -- 1909. 11 * Under the direction of Celia Franca, the Canadian National Ballet gives it first performance at Eaton Auditorium -- 1951. 12 The Federal Government's $500,000 contract with Ronalds-Reynolds advertising agency to promote International Women's Year, was describe' as a colossi-) waste of money at a mtg. of the Ontario Status of Women's Council. They also deplore the $250.000 for one big conference. Toronto, 1974 14 Mrs. Duzi common-law-wife of Mr. Chodak for 28 yrs. was awarded $60,000 by the Ontario Supreme Court. She had been willed $500. and the bulk of the estate was to be distributed among 6 of Mr. ChodaK's relatives living in Europe -- 1974. *Margaret Atwood, novelist and poet, born 1939. Nellie's, a crisis shelter for women, (named for writer and feminist Nellie McClung) has been in operation in a big house behind the Y.M.C.A. at 275 Broadway Ave. since June- Toronto, 1974. Ella White, the first woman manager of a credit union office in the city, retains the unique post for 10 yrs.-- Thunder Bay, 1973. If 21 23 for * Gabrielle Roy, one of Canada's greatest novelists, is awarded Canada Council Medal outstanding cultural achievement -- 1968. NORTHERN WOMEN'S CENTRE ACTION PROJECT receives L. T. P. grant of $17,810 to employ 5 people -- Thunder Bay, 1974. ti Ann Shilton becomes the first woman principal of a public academic high school in Metro -- Toronto, 1974. 2G Lita-Rose Betcherman, former head of the province's women's bureau and Gail Brent, lawyer, are added to the list of 40 men on the Ontario Labor-Managements Arbitration Commission -- 1973. 28 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �NlovtAbER Areal Inc. an organization supporting abortion reform has called for the resignation of Justice Minister Otto Lang, saying he does not recognize the views of a majority of Canadians on the question of abortion -- Ottawa, 1974 * Lucy Maud Montgomery, author of many books, the best known of which is Anne of Green Gables, set in her home province, Prince Edward Island, born, -- 1874. * Credits to Herstory (A Canadian Wo, Collective 1974 01 "CH s Calendar) by the Saskatoon Women's Calendar "A MAN PUTS A WOMAN ON A PEDESTAL SO HE WON'T HAVE TO LOOK HER IN THE EYE!" "W 'GR TO WH "WOMEN'S WORK IS NEVER DONE- OR RECOGNIZED OR PAID FOR OR HONORED OR COMMENDED Jocelyn Ward the Yukon Territories representitive on the Federal .Advisory council on the Status Of Women 1974. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �'Minn De POLITICS Of Men adore the Cosmopolitan - Playboy idea of a *liberated" woman, she is allowed a Mind-of-her own and Stimulating Career. What sophisticated male wants to live with a dummy or an old-fashioned "door-mat", all hung up with hubbie and kiddies? The New Doormat is fantistically sexy, makes out a lot (and you don't even have to marry her!) and manages, amidst all this "liberation," to keep every ounce of her "femininity". This means she still does the housework. Real liberation ain't easy. "THOUGH WOMEN DO NOT COMPLAIN OF THE POWER OF HUSBANDS, EACH COMPLAINS OF HER OWN HUSBAND, OR OF THE HUSBANDS OR HER FRIENDS. IT IS THE SAME IN ALL OTHER CASES OF SERVITUDE: AT LEAST IN THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE EMANCIPATORY MOVEMENT. THE SERF'S DID NOT AT FIRST COMPLAIN OF THE POWER OF THEIR LORDS, RUT ONLY OF THEIR TYRANNY..." ----John Stuart Mill, ON THE SUBJECTION OF the very beginning. Which is that it stinks Here's my list of dirty chores; buying groceries, carting them home and putting them away: cooking meals and washing dishes and and pots; doing the laundry; digging out the place when things get out of control washing floors. The list could go on but th sheer necessities are bad enough. All of us have to do these jobs, or get someone else to do them for us. The longer my husband contemplated these chores , the more repulse he became, and so proceeded the change from the normally sweet considerate Dr. Jekyll into the crafty Mr. Hyde who would stop at nothing to avoid the horrors of --housework. womim. As he felt himself backed into a corner lade Housework. What? You say this is all with dirty dishes, brooms, mops and reeking trivial? Wonderful! thought. It seems perfectly reasonable. That's what I garbage, his front teeth grew longer and pointier, his fingernails haggled and his We both had careers, both had to work a eyes grew wild. Housework trivial? Not on couple of days a week to earn enough to your life! Just try to share the burden. live on, so why shouldn't we share the housework? So I suggested it to my mate So ensued a dialogue that's been going on and he agreed--most men are to hip to for several years. turn you down flat. high points. said. You're right, he Here are some of the It's only fair. "I don't mind sharing the house work, but I Then an interesting thing happened. I don't do it very well We should each do can only explain it by starting that the things we're best at." women have been brain-washed more than Meanin: we imagine. like washing dishes or cooking. Probably too many years of Unfortunately I'm no good at thing What I do seeing media-women coming over their best is a little light carpentry, changing shiny waxed floors or breaking down over light bulbs, moving. furniture. their dirty shirt collars. do you move furniture). Men have no (How often Also meaning: historically the lower classes such conditioning. Theyoptimization recognize using the a watermarked PDF compression, OCR, web evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor essential fact of housework right from (Blacks and women) have had hundreds of �eJrs of doing menial jobs. I would be a Meaning: If I begin to get bugged by the waste of manpower to train someone else to dirt and crap, I will say "This place do them now. sure is a sty" or "How can anyone live Also meaning: I don't like the dill stupid like this?" boring jobs, so you should do them. I know that all women have a sore called "I don't mind sharing the work, but you'll wilt over a messy house or housework is 'oave to show me how to do it". ultimately my responsibility. :'oeninT.,: I ask a lot of questions and you'll this sore long and hard enough it'll Aavo to show ma everything, everytime I do bleed and you'll do the work. because I don't remember so good. Also and wait for your reaction. If I rub I can out- wait you. lon't try to sit down and read while I'm Also meaning', can provoke innumerable thoing my jobs because I'm going to annoy scenes over the house work issue. out of you until it's easier to do theka yourself. "We used to be happy! ually, doing all the Event- ousework yourself will be less painful to you than trying to (said whenever it was get me to do half. his turn to do something) irg: I used to as happy. oly IViatriftTov vz 80,=niaa, Life without housework is Ories. No allarrel here. Perfect agreement. HA nave different standards, and why socol( I have to work to your standards. "I've got nothing against sharing the TOat's unfair." housework, but you can't make me do it un your schedule. Meanin passive resistance. I'll do it when I damn well please, if at all. If my job is doing dishes it's easier to do them once a week. If taking our laundry, once a month. a year. If washing the floors, once If you don't like it, do it your- self oftener, and then I won't do it at all. "I hate it more than you. You don't mind it so much". Mearlim. Housework is shitwork. worst crap I've ever done. It's the It's de- grading and humiliating for someone of nut intelligence to do it. But for someone of your intelligence... "Housework is too trivial to ev n talk about." PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I CPA Avs tico.tetri \e.f.1 '44 Ala...P' c66,1:NP ktik. to home. Also meaning:I am only interes;e Wra t)o)/ Ccorlt2. --t40"4-e241exSclin how Y am oppressed, not how I oppress other people. There LC(Th ostelAtitkowirtottfore, the war, the draft and tile c+ar university are political. rwb-VPirt. Kfs CA13)Women's Liberation is not. 411 cAtweVeN, 1,-it) L\ r ;L. %CCM "Man's accomplishments have always depended on getting help from other people, mostly women. What great man would have accom- plished what he did if he had to do his own housework? Meaning: Oppression is built into the system and I as the white male receive the benefits of this system. I don't want to give them up. POSTSCRIPT Participatory democracy begins at home. If you are planning to implement your politics there are certain things to remember. 1. He is feeling it more than you. He's Meaning; It's even more trivial to do. losing some leisure and you're gaining it. Housework is beneath my status. The measure of your oppression is his resi, My purpose in life is to deal with matters of significance. Yours is to deal with matters of i-significance. You should do the housework. 2. It is a traumatizing experience for someone who has always thought of himself as being against any .ppression or exploit, "In animal societies, wolves, for example, the top animal is usually a male even where he is not chosen for brute strength but on the basis of cunning and intelligence. Isn't that interesting?" Meaning; stance. I have historical, psychological, anthropological and biological justification for keeping you down. How can you ask the top wolf to be equal? "Women's Liberation isn't really a political ation of one human being by another to realize that in his daily life he has been accepting and implementing (and benefiting from) this exploitation; that his rational- ization is little different from that of the racist who says "Niggers don't feel pain" (woman don't mind doing the shitwork) and that the eldest form of oppression in history has been the oppression of 50 of the population by the other 50.. movement." Meaning: The Revolution is coming too close PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �women mustn't strain themselves in the presence of men---we haul around fifty 3. Arm yourself with some knowledge of pounds of groceries if we have to but the psychology of oppressed peoples every- where and a few facts about the animal kingdom. I admit playing top wolf or who runs the gorillas is silly but as a last resort men bring it up all the time. bees. Talk about aren't allowed to open a jar if there is someone around to do it for us. The reverse side of the coin is that men aren't supposed to be able to take care of themselves without a woman. Both are If you feel really hostile, bring excuse up the sex life of spiders. After sex, for making women do the house- work. 1.10,Ac she bites off his head. 11+ The psychology of oppressed peoples is not silly. \ro Blacks, women, and immi- grants have all employed the same psychological mechanisms to survive. Admiring the oppressor, glorifying the oppressor, wanting to be like the oppressor, wanting the oppressor to like them. 4. keep checking up. Periodically consider who's actually doing the jobs. These things have a way of backsliding so that a year later once again the woman is doing everything. Use timesheets if necessary. Also bear in mind what the worst jobs are, namely the ones that have to be done every day or several times a day. Also the ones that are dirty--it's more pleasant to pick up books, newspapers, etc., than to wash dishes. Alternate the bad jobs. It's the daily rigid grind that gets you down. Also make sure that you don't have the responsibility for the housework with 6. occasional help from him. "I'll cook dinner for you tonight" implies that it's really your job and isn't he a nice guy to Most men had a bachelor life during which they did not starve or become en- crusted with crud or buried under the litter. He won do the little things he always did becaus you're now a "Liberated Woman", right? 0 course, he won't do anything else either. do some of it for you. 5. /.4/// / t Beware of the double whammy. There is a taboo that says that I WAS JUST FINISHING THIS WHEN MY HUSBAND CAME IN AND ASAED WHAT I WAS DOING. WRITING A PAPER ON HOUSEWORK. HOUSEWORK? HE SAID. HOUSEWORK? god how trivial can you get. Oh my A PAPER ON PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor HOUSEWORK. �OPPORTUNITY FOR WHOM fa true story) A man offered me a job, said I would he trained to help others to learn to relax and rid them of bad habits - bio-feedback he called it. On Nov. 23, 1°74 I went to his place (of business?) and talked for two hours. In that time we bad two drinks. He said I should relax first and we would get into the training session afterwards. About ^ o'clock he anked me to sit in a comfortable chair and relax. He turned on a machine with a flashine light which was to make my eyes drowsy, and it did. His voice of to sounding hypnotic and he asked me to count from 20 to 0 about three different times in order for me to go deeper. Then he turned all the lights out and made comments likeyou like my voice...you will return to this place...nothing will stop you from returning...my voice is all you need to relax... Then he turned on purple lights (psychedelic) and asked me what type of music I liked and I said popular. He asked if I liked Country & Western, I said no, but he put on Country and Western music and asked me to listen to each wor of the song. I I would become more deeply involved in the song and should dance to the music with him. (The songs were sexy love sons by Jim Reeves.) The 2nd song was Welcome To My World" He said my body should respond to the words and I should relax and feel stimulated? He said :sy body felt good next to his and that he was being stimulated. I'd hed enough and I jumped beck and said 'already'. He said yes so I told him this wasn't for me and put my coat and shoes or. I ripped up the $10.00 cheque he gave me and left, in a hurry. He had told me that I would be paid for every session. I met one of the girls that he is helping to lose weight and she seemed completely fascinated by him and had nothing but praiSe for him. It is my opinion that he has hypnotised her and tried unsuccessfully to do the same to me. I am concerned that other women who feel they really need epecial attention and relaxation will be used by him. As far as I am concerned he wants a harem of women to show off in public because he told me that he likes to be seen with beautiful women. I also think he is sick. During our discussion he told me he thought that women should be used by men. To him it seems, we are objects, but as far as this liberated woman is concerned be can go to hell It's a crime that men like this roam this earth. I do believe he is dangerous, especially to a weak fragile mind. I told this story to women at the women's centre and reported him to the police. I wish there was more I could do to warn others of this fiend. - sometimes wonder bou're ihe right PDFCompressor PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISIONone for rne s8brniSSitica to - �WHAT'S A HOUSEWIFE WORTH???? One method of measuring the housewife's worth is by determining how much her various skills are worth on the open market. Even this is not an accurate judge because such jobs as cleaning have traditionally been low-status, low-paying jobs, while there is no real indication of the value of child care. The hourly value placed on thesejobs was largely determined by Canada Manpower officials. in large cities. These are not average but the going rate It's interesting to note that several studies have found that a housewife with two or more children works on the average of 11 hours a day, seven days a week, or 77 hours a week. Reprinted from CHATELAINE, October 1974 HEAVY CLEANING $15.40 a week A good cleaning lady who washes floors, windows, stoves and fridges Our housewives spent seven hours can expect about $2.20 an hour. a week performing these chores. LIGHT CLEANING $24.50 A housekeeper whose main job is to dust, make beds, do dishes and vacuum, makes about $1.75. Fourteen hours spread over seven days was the average for our participents. BOOkr.EEPER, HOME This category lumps together juggling family expenses, planning meals, finding receipes and shopping. Our housewives averaged four hours a week at this. A professional in any of these categories would be paid at the very least $3.50 an hour. ECONOMIST SHOPPER $14. COOX $35. LAUNDRY $4.50 BABY-SITTING $12.10 HANDYMAN $4.95 A cook in a medium-prices restaurant who manages short orders as Our well as more complicated meals can expect $2.50 an hour. housewives cooked about fourteen hours a week, including the odd gourmet meal. A skilled laundress makes about $1.80 an hour. Our housewives say they spend two and a half hours sorting, washing, drying and ironing. This is the period when housewives do nothing else but communicate with their children. This is the most valuable aspect of homemaking so the $1.10 an hour charged by professional babysitters isn't very realistic. But unless the housewife has a diploma in child care there's no other way of measuring it. The average amount of time per week was eleven hours. Our homemakers spend about three hours a week fixing the children's toys, putting out the garbage, repairing the eaves trough. The general handyman would get the minimum wage of $1.65. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Taking Johnny to his hockey game or Mary to the dentist is one of the most time-consuming chores for the housewife. Economists tend to ignore this In our urban society job but there are men who earn a good wage at it. it's become a major chore. A part-time chauffeur makes about $3.50. Our homemakers spent a minimum of nine hours a week as a taxi service. CHAUFFEUR $31.50 Most women perform simple seamstress chores such as replacing buttons or Others make their own and children's clothes, saving patching jeans. a great deal of money. Our ladies averaged three hours a week. $1.80 is A fair wage for a working seamstress. SEAMSTRESS $5.40 PAINTING AND DECORATING 18.00 Painting and wallpapering, antiquing or upholstering furniture is part of the work week for many housewives. Ours averaged two hours a week. A nonunion painter won't enter your house for less than $4.00 an hour. 44- *`Luo1rt -a w' my foot - ve been living with One for years 1" PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �This category includes gardening, snow shovelling, leaf-raking and keeping the bird feeder full. Our housewives say they spend an average of five hours a week as groundkeeper, especially in spring and summer. Average wage for this type of work (not a professional) is $3.00. GROUNDKEEPIII $15.00 HOSTESS When a husband brings home business associates his wife acts as a hostess, serving drinks, cooking special meals. A hired maid makes about $2.25 an hour. Our housewives said they worked two hours a week extra entertaining. $4.50 TOTAL $174.85 ArS w USEWIFE WORTH' The journey to one's self is short & long easy & difficult up & down this way & that way joyful & painful conscious & unconscious valid & absurd alone & together achieved & never achieved --all; some & none of the above Darlene. /1-21,- 41.41 toe.ck P, lds ticAK tncz-ixtetst lids arheievkis bon citiwes, eocr Stricile g1(.1 meitkoeiihd IcateaNt ,hte he00 Eh of) Ied f\Q "NO WOMAN CAN CALL HERSELF FREE WHO DOES NOT OWN AND CONTROL HER BODY. NO WOMAN CAN CALL HERSELF FREE UNTIL SHE CAN CHOOSE CONSCIOUSLY WHETHER SHE WILL OR WILL NOT BE A MOTHER." Margaret Sanger, birth control pioneer and feminist, 1920 N leCoIrtteue.1%ifb4-44 Vhle. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �THE PRICE OF PROSPERITY My name's unimportant only these hands For six days a week they work 10 hours from 8-6 and on the 7th they slave 12 These blistered hands which have fed my family since my 15th birthday My family now so many nights removed from me Oh how I wish I was back home in my kompong playing with my sisters and brothers under the mangroves But here I am and here I must stay in this cramped room--a prisoner between shifts with eleven others my sister wonders whose names like mine are unimportant The Prime Minister says the industry is booming Newspapers say it's one of the richest countries in the world If my sisters and I go on strike they will chuck us into prison then what will our families dol What can I do My name is unimportant I am one of many I sweat blood in a factory in Harry's Sunny Singapore reprinted from D.E.Centre files STICE? People say my American boss drinks champagne for breakfast I do not know what that is All I know is the price of rice has doubled since I came here - a coffee and a sandwhich in the city cost me a days wages That can I do If I ask for more pay they will say I am a trouble-maker take away my work permit and send me home 14-"14.5%.i\?tChroe-vesCON'f,tilk CptA,Jc C..,.\\11k 1%:'/41- t-% riN VVV..A rr\OL, C'N:4e ,r\ CTI ;` e.. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Oct. 10, 1974 Don Colborne (lawyer) spdeker the rape of Cecelia 2ig -Jeorge of Lenora sut,;ect:Rape, particularily Oct. 17, Father Bullefantispeal;er,subjecnesty International. Anyone interested in a membership contac'c him at 623-2779 Oct. 24, Mary Lou Kufr,nok and Susan Sbleinhopi. from Early Childhood Education Course. Subject:our suppor,; in opposi_rg the new Day Care legi3lation or-ing brought forwr-iri by Margaret Birch Oct. 31, Group discussion Nov. 7 Diane Begg (lawyer )- subject. Internationomn's Year. Diane atte ded the Ottawa conference as a rep"festative of N.W.C. Nov. 14 - Discussion and planning of the workshop to be held at the centre on Nov. 23, 1974 Nov. 21 - Film "Growing Up Female". Courtesy of Ruth Cunningham Nov. 28 - Meet the candidates, held at the Labor Centre Pee. 5 - Discussion on some topic3 from bonnie Kreps Women's Movement in Canada" book "Guide to the Jaqui Beauregard led a discussion on the the ideas behin,3 consciousnc;ss raising groups Dec. Wolaen's Centre meant to Der. 19- General discussion on what the those In attsndane. Thursde.12211111:122_117 L ER DATES TO Women's Centre Meetings (General) Genera, neeting on: Women !.11 Cuban Society * When: Every Thurs. 8 P.M. * there: 2nd Floor, Fort Wm YMCA (Ever woman welco omen s en re ee Georgina Garrett, speaker Time: 8 pm Place: Northern Women's Centre ng 132 N. :A,rchibald St. * When Every Mon. 8 P.M. * Where Same location Wt0.1 1AM, Sh5- pa- Co4t4D-CARL-NEEDs Kra. Come out to the first General Meeting of International Iomen's Year If you want to be in a consciousness raising g2oup that will be starting early In the new year, r)(-)ne the Women's 7entre, what nisilt would and leave your name, phone number, anrl tell us be best for you a t. the Northern There will be no meetings held in the evenings January 2, he first meeting of the Women's Centre now ;yr e a Tr FOR ANY OTHER INFORMATION ON WRATS HAPPENING PHONE THE CENTRE or if you need a 623-3107 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor ride or child care (22-V___a_.01. �The second class status of women in the work force is not an accident, but As seen by the survey the highest concentration of women is in clerical rather an integral functioning of our and service and recreation fields. economy. 55% A large "cheap labour pool" of all the women in the work force labour is necessary to ensure continued high within these two catagories. These profits through low labour co ts. occupations are in the non-industralia ed, The employment grouping of women are as follows: (from a 1970 gov't statistics survey) non-mechani sector in which wages are a major operating cost. Therefore it is essential to the insurance companies, banks, hospitals, department stores, the 1970 Employment groupings for women Managerial Professional and Technical 3.9% 17.5% 32.2% 8.3% 22.6% 1.6% 2.50 Farming Craftsmen & related 10.5% Labourers (unskilled) .9% Clerical Sales Services and Rec. Communications 100.04 civi service and city hall to have a large pool of cheap labour available when needed. We are it. When labour power is scarce, women become defined as an important part of the work force, as was in early industrializat.-ion and war times.. Each war has brought women into the economy in different and new capacities eg. the Civil War in the US saw women start working as sales personnel in stores at exploitive wages (over one hundred years has past and we still labour Ply at exploitive and minimum wage rates in these positions). In the Second World War women took over the industrial sector only to be turfed out at war's end and told the home is the right and natural place for women's labour. When women are not needed in the work It, force the "naturalness" of our position in the home emphasized and exalted and 1;:e-A Col PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �constantly reinforced. through many aspects in society...the media - TV, magazines or , through psychology and science which det- ermines our natural place and how best to function within it such as with the Dr. Spock phenomenon in the early post war 50's. However, it is becoming increasingly necessary that large numbers of women must move into the work force. In fact one third of the total Canadian workforce is women - this cannot be conceived any more in terms of women deciding to go toNork out of boredom or as casual labour as the Canadian media would have us believe. Women are a real growing and itally im- portant part of the work force. The public inflation, rising costs of food, re t, and private sectors need women and obviously water etc. and a desire to live in relati women need to work (or they wouldn't work comfort, many a man's wage can no longer so hard for so little). As was outlined in a previous section on the n clear family within the family the man's wage alto pays for the socially necessary work performed by the woman in the home (ie. unpaid sustain a family as it desires. Theref. the woman must sell her labour pow work force. t'Jo As of 1971, 60% of all wor- ing women were married. Working wom-i-i receive much lower wages than working -;-, on the average, often. for performing the sane tasks as many of us know. A woman worker receives approximately the wages that a. man receives. T is means that the businesses and corporations responsibletfc7- the structuring of wage scales and the economy (ie. those to whom we sell our ia 'power) receive in total three workers for the housework). Therefore the economy gets , .ce of one and one half salaries (man, woman and woman in home). This is r,it two workers for the price of one, -- the discrimination but direct and undisr' man's paid labour in the work force and the exploitation of woman and her labour. woman's unpaid, but socially necessary, Three for the price of one and one half is work within the home. However, because of the same ratio as two for the price of one - therefore, in order to make ends meet than. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �1 accustomed lifestyle, a family needs 11 . powerless and see our failure as individual, salaries where they previously existed on (From Women Unite) one. porations naturally try to prevent this And "By Gosh The Price Is Right" for those controlling wages and industry4 This phenomonon places a very heavy The employers and cor- group consciousness from rising. As of 1967, only 17% of the women working were double burden on the woman who must perform in labour unions, the traditional defense her usual household tasks as well as hold of the working class. down her job, and both to the satisfaction ributed to many factors. This can be att- Women tend to re- gard their work in the clerical area as un- of her family and boss respectively. Working women are both oppressed as women and exploited as workers. It is overwhelming to begin to imagine the struggle confronting women who are heads of single parent families -- i the wage for twice as much work. How is this exploitation maintained -' why do women accept their roles and wages in the work. place and why is it difficult to break out of this present oppressive structure? important and trivial, feeling that their work as typists, operators etc. is peripheral to the more important functions within the corporations. This is reinforced by their positions in the home. As women see their true and correct place to be in the home they therefore don't necessarily deserve good paying and interesting jobs. Organization of work is poorly structured and overly cratic so that much irvi^'' C.CA Unfortunately women don't tend AS LONG AS WOMEN ARE ENGAGED IN HOUSEWORK THEIR POSITION IS STILL said earlier as a pool of cheap labour,. A RESTRICTED ONE. IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE THE COMPLETE FMANCII-ATION whereas employers certainly do. Women OF WOMEN AND TO MAKE THEM REALLY accept lousy pay office rules, about clothes EQUAL WITH MEN, WE MUST HAVE SOCI ECONOMY, AND THE PARTICIPATION and a compliment instead of a raise, not OF WOMEN IN GENERAL PRODUCTIVE because we are stupid but because we are LABOR. THEN WOMEN WILL OCCUPY THE SAME POSITION MEN. PDFCompressor PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy ofAS CVISION Lenin to see themselves as a group or as it was �20 does seem tedious - work only for work's ally this has always caused hostility on the part of male workers and reinforces sake. There has been historically and gen- all sexist attitudes. These divisions be- erally remains a relu tance on the part of tween men and women in the work force are male union types to involve women in played up and played upon by the employer. unions and centre some demands on women who play men and women off against one issues such as equal pay and day care. another. Historically as well, because of the divide male and female workers and make their interests seem uncommon. unique position within the family and At this point in time, unions, no society women entering the work force accepti Sexism has always been used to lower pay and wages would only matter how ineffective they have proven in eventually drive down the wages and con- the past in terms of protecting women are ditions for which they had been struggling imperative in order that women better to better. Jobs which women accepted soon became known as poor work, unimportant, in reality shit-work unfit for men. In their position within the workplace and consequently the home. A desire to organ- ize the service sector employees into a turn when women were told repeatedly their commercial and technical union (ACTE) was work was unimportant they believed this to launched last year through the CLC be true for the working woman. recently it was announced that up to i of CUPE's membership are women. Issues which can be fought from a union base have far reaching effects into the home. A concerted effort on the part of organized labour to press for better and more day care facilities could only relieve the pressures women feel in the home if their demand were met. Enforcement of equal pay legislation can only elevate the status of women within the family give a better sense of security. Only through collective action with other women and those progressive and open minded men who see the importance of In the early industrial period many pursuing women's issues and fighting for unions such as the International Typo- them can we Struggle to overcome not only graphical Union in the USA instituted job the physical day to day oppression of classifications in order to keep women out being powerless but the psychological of certain fields and thereby protect the oppression which rests upon it as well. Women historically job standard.OCR, PDF compression, webhave optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor been employed as strikebreakers and natur- �WHAT ARE WOMEN'S STUDIES? They investigate women and their relationships with their families, society, and their country. They try to ferret what their general situation has been, is, why it is, what it is, and what alternatives there are. The courses are not meant only for women -- the feeling is that all students, men, women and mature students can broaden their view of humanity by taking them. OPEN HOUSE - January 9, 1975 7:00 - 10.00 p.m. Dining Room Conference Room CONFEDERATION COLLEGE WOMEN AND FILM -- An interesting collection of films made from around the world. Classes will feature lectures and discussions about the influence of women on film-making, Art and Industry. Films, lots of them--long, short, documentary and animated- are part of the course. All of the films are interesting, but doubly interesting because they were make by women. WOMEN AND FILM not only offers prize-winning international cinema, but a chance to take a new look at the Movies. SCHEDULED FILMS: Jan. 14 DANCE GIRL DANCE starring Lucille Ball directed by Dorothy Arzner Jan. 21 THE ADVENTURES OF PRINCE ACHMET directed and animated by Lotte Reiniger THE ART OF LOTTE REINIGER OLYMPIA DIVING SEQUENCE from 1936 Olympics directed by Leni Riefenstahl Jan. 28 LE BONHEUR directed by Agnes Varda AbEL GANCE HIER ET DEMAIN directed by Nelly Kaplan ; Feb. GERTRUDE STEIN: WHEN THIS YOU SEE REMEMBER ME directed by Perry Miller Adato HOW THE HELL ARE YOU? animated and directed by Veroni Soul Lavender Feb. 11 A SCARY TIME directed by Shirley Clarke THE COOL WORLD directed by Shirley Clarke Feb. 18 LEGAULT'S PLACE directed by Susanne Angel. WOO WOO? MAY WILSON directed by Bonnie reps Gore ROAD directed by Sarah Raxlen Feb. 25 THE GIRLS directed by Mai Zetterling Mar. 4 THE GIRLS OF MOUNTAIN STREET directed By Susan Gibbard BEAUTY KNOWS NO PAIN BETTY TELLS HER STORY directed by Liane Brandon 4 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �MAR. 11-LA_VIE REVEE directed by Mireille Dansereau CYCLE directed by Suzanne Gernais. (animation night) Mar. 18 TRICYCLE directed by Joyce Borenstein CIRCLES 1 directed by Doris Chase EGIGMA directed by Lilliane Schwartz UFO'S directed by Lilliane Schwartz THE CRUISE directed by John and Faith Hubley OPENING / CLOSING directed by Kathleen Laughlin THE LITTLE MEN OF CHROMAGNON directed by Francine Desbiens PARADISE LOST directed by Evelyn Lambart THE HOARDER directed by Evelyn Lambart Mar. 25 A VERY CURIOUS GIRL directed by Nelly Kaplan April 1 JOURNALS OF SUSANNA MOODIE directed by Marie Waisberg BRIDAL SHOWER directed by Sandy Wilson ORANGE directed by Karen Johnson LOONS NECKLACE directed by Judith Crawley WOMEN IN HISTORY - 'TER STORY" Wednesday Jan. 15 - April 2 Instructor: Jeanette Johnson Time 7:00 - 10:00 p.m. (for further Information Contact Ruth Cunningham, Director Women's Programs Local 278-577-5751). Stendhal wrote in the nineteenth century that "All the geniuses who are burn women are lost to the public good". This was less true at the end of that centure than at its beginning. The Queen of England might disapprove of the wcomen's suffrage movement but its success was inevitable. What were the socia14 political and economic circumstances which br,:A,ght this Who were those female pioneers in England and Canada about? who led the struggle for the vote, for education, for social and legal emancipation? What had been the traditional role of women in society and why? And how did it happen. that women in some areas, such as Quebec, had to wait so long before it changeC It is an exciting story and one which not only provides b-cter understanding of the women's movement in the twentieth century, but some real contact with women in history who have been for the most of us, little more than names squeezed in between the kings and the soldiers. The course will trace the role of women in western society from Eve up through to the reforming Pankhursts in Britain and Nellie McClung in Canada. And if you have a special area of interest, or some favorite personalities you would like to study in more detail, there are suggestion and book lists set up for this, as well as time set aside in class for study and discussion. The final lectures will concentrate exclusively on the history of Jeanette Johnson women in Canada. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �t S AND WOMEN'S LIT LEAMEELETLIELLEMEELLIDEFIEUE DOES ;UPPORTERS PUT-DOWN HOUSEWIVES. =RATION MEAN ALL WIVES MUST WORK? hamen's liberation supporters know ;hat all women now work. In fact, =eh of the hard, tiring, and responable work is done by women. They lork in offices, hospitals, schoolai ractories, on farms and in homes. Ithout their work, the economy would Stand still. 42% of women in 1973 earned wages for their labour, low and discriminatory wages. Most of the other women worked equally hard as unpaid labourers in the home. Women's liberation supporters believe that all persons are entitld to satisfying and creative work. This is an indispensible condition of a just Everyone deserves financial society. independence and social rewards for that labour. And that includes the housewife. Far from putting down the housewife, we believe that the job of raising children is difficult, time-consuming, and important work. So important that it should be freely chosen and not just assigned to those with blue eyes or red hair or one particular sex. We would like to see alternative ways of raising kids, in day care centres, or with greater participation of men, or in communal settings. Women's liberation does not have a It isn't blue-print for the future. trying to create a society where some characteristic like age, sex or race determines your occupation or income. 2) NOT ALL WOMEN WANT DAY CARE FOR TH CHILDREN, SO WHY SHOULD TAX MONEY BE USED TO PAY FOR THOSE PEOPLE WHO WANT DAY CARE? That question used to be asked about public school education, and the answer is the same now as it was in 1916. The children of Canada are the responsibiltr of all of us. And we must share in the education and development of our future citizens. Good child care facilities help a child grow and develop, both socially and emotionally. We recognize that today some families feel their children are better off not being in the existing centres, and in some cases that is true. But we believe they must be available to all families who wish to use them, and we hope in the future that even better facilities will be available. Without universal free care, one parent, usually the mother, is forced to remain at home continuously with her small children. As the Royal Commission on the Status of Women stated, ''the equality of women means little without a day care program." We are also concerned with day care workers. The workers that care for our children must like their jobs, must receive adequate pay and hours ar'ork. They usually don't get the conditions of work or income they deserve. Agaiit is a case of an almost exclusively female occupation being used as cheap Parents must demand more, all labour. of us must demand more, it's the lives of our children that are at stake. Co,, We very simply want all people to be able to develop their potential without coercion, to see a wide range of alternatives, to hire the freedom to choose among these. We want all people to have a full satisfying life and to do that which is most fulfilling and of greatest benefit to humankind. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �f al, IF WOMEN'S LIBERATION. IS REALLY CONCERNED WITH THE WELFARE OF ALL PEOPLE, IT SEEMS TO ME THAT IN THIS TIME OF HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT, WOMEN SHOULD BE DISCOURAGED FROM TAKING JOBS? DO YOU AGREE? First, Women's The answer Is NO. liberation believes that all people And it is are entitled to jobs. clearly not workers, but business and government which have created unemployment. Why should women always he the first to suffer from the decisions of a few high-placed men. Lecendly, in times of unemployment, jobs should go to those people most in need of them. But we have never given jobs or paid wages on the basis of need. And if we did, most of the neen now employed would remain employed, because a wage-job is essential to their survival and that of their dependents. And in the case of two persons in a fimily both receiving decent wages (which is rare) why should the woman have to resign her job? ;hy not the person least interested in a job outside the home, or the one best qualified to perforr hetesework and child care. Thirdly, women's employment is usually not relevant to men's employmentthey do not as a rule, compete in the same labour maricet. Women have been taLrht to aspire to certain occupations: teaching, nursing, secretarial work, waitresses. Men have been taught to avoid such work. Quitting e job as a hairdresser does not create a new job for a steelworker. The women's movement does not support this division of labour--it believes 'eople should do jobs that interest them, that they are capable of and skilled in and women's liberation doesn't believe that such utopian ideas can be implemented until we create a system where the public's needs are given priority over private pre fit. 4) WHY DOES TH OMEN'S OVE EN T 1 and rightfully theirs, makes them pcinfully aware of the discrimination they suffer as women. A few figures tell the story. In October 1969 the hourly wage of a male general bakery helper was $2.35, for a female $1.69; a main sewing machine operator earned $2.61, a The latest figures female $1.56. show the enormity of this gap. In 1972 the average male income in Canada was $7,647--for women it was ee For those who argue, however wrongheadedly, that men are paid more because they are the bread-winners the facts show that in 1972 the average income for male heads of Camilles was :O_C,729 and for female heads of 1E:Anil:Lee $4,696. Thil differential enables employers to rake in superprofits in spite of the Equal Pay Act which entitles women tc equal pay for work that is "identical or substantially identiee: Now do employers get away with this Tney may require the male worker on the same job to do some heavy lifting, or introduce some slight change in his job which puts it Int;' a higher wage category. Or sometiele; a similar job is given a different name-, enabling the mole orderly or steward to earn more than the female mursing assistant or hostees. Often they don't bother it these ploys. Remember the recent k. program which showed a male applion for an accounting job being offer substantially more than the female applicant who was in fact he same person wearing a wig and women's clothes. In sales occupations Canadian women earn an average annual income of $2,292 compared to $6,096 for men. 5) 1..a'AIOS-frULIENEM1'1°Y MENIAL, LOW-PAID AND DEAD-END OCCUPATIONS? OR DO THESE BECOME MENIAL, LOW-PAID AND DEAD-END BECAUSE THEY EMPLOY WOMEN? if PC CU Whatever the case, whether secretary, The fact that women workers are litertelephone operator, store clerk, cheated out of thousands or dollar ally cheated waitress, or teacher, the women dollars in wages and workerevaluation is likely remain PDFCompressor PDF compression, OCR, websalaries optimizationlegally using a watermarked copyto of CVISION Caro �below her level of competence with little or no opportunity for advanceWomen's Iligher level of edment. ucation is not reflected in her earnings; the average earnings for women university graduates are less than those for males with a high school education. Because they were deprived of rights for centuries, women have represented a source of cheap labour. To satisfy the need of the economy, they have been pressured in and out of the labour force. For instance during the war they were encouraged to take "men's jobs," and afterwards forced back into traditional female occupations. The needs of their families compel them to move in and out of the They have been brought labour force. up to believe they have no right to work and their place is in the home. Unions, male-led and oriented, have paid little attention to the organisation, and special problems of women workers. Employers feel confident that women in service occupations, store clerks, waitresses, etc. are easy to replace. Yet women are an integral part of the labor force; of all which now includes about and 47:, single women aged 25 to of all married women aged 20 to 24. And women, the fastest growing sector of tlee labor force, are beginning to epelk up and demand action. Last year they filed moet of the complaints brought to the Human Rights Commission. If you feel you are being discriminated against in any way because you are a woman call the Human Rights Commission at 3i -6712 or write to apartment of the Women's Lurcau, Labour 400 University Aire., Toronto Right Commission and by women everyYet nothing changes. where. Teachers are people who have grown up in this system, and learned its prejudices end biases, and unconsciously pass these on to the Girls in schools often students. stand in separate lines, have different physical education, guidance classes and clean-up rooms. Girls learn to be helpful, passive, submissisre and obedient. (Imagine your anger if you saw native kids being forced to play in one part of the playground, while layed in another. the white kids Why not the same' anger about the separation of your daughters and sons.) Our society doesn't control our choices as much as it controls our motivations and aspiraticne. In an excellent article called "Bread and Roses,", by Kathy McAfee and Myrna_ Wood they try to explain the domination of women's groups by "The women who middle class women. benefit from education and relative equality can see the contradicfltr between its (Canada's) rhetoric (every girl can be prime minister) and their actual place in that The working class woman society. might believe that education could have made her financially independIn fact, because she has been ent. allowed to progress halfway on the upward mobility ladder she can see the similarity between her oppression and that of other sections of the population. Beceuse tIsey have pushed the democratic myths to its limits, they know concretely bow it limits them." Ontario. (e) Ni rep R EDUCA ION THEY WOULD GET MORE E(OALITY From WomAn's Liberation Monthly Newsletter - December 1973 Winnipeg Women's Liberation. However cne must look clearly at the education we receive Our textbooks arc in our schools. fu]l of sexist ideology, women in the kitchen, men at their jobs. This sex stereotyping in books has been documented again and again, by the Royal Commission, the Ontario Human Perhaps. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Throughout, the tone is one long whine. Sure men are exploiters, snivels Fast, but doesn't Nature command them to pair bond, to defend their territories, to be agressive, to prerer tne company or men to women. Perhaps Julius Fast: THE INCOMPATIBILITY OF MEN AND WOMEN AND HOW TO OVERCOME IT Books on sex are good sellers. But now, since Women's Liberation, so are books on male-female relationships. Everybody is rushing into the market and here is the author of Body Language, Julius Fast, with "The Incompatibility of Men and Women and How to Overcome It." Mixing psuedo-psychology, psuedo-sociology, psuedo anthropology and no economics whatever he tries to prove that men and women He sets are inately incompatible. He fails. up as examples all kinds of stock characters; the hen-pecked husband, the domineering mom, the ambitious executive, they're all there, and proceeds to draw lessons from them. It's like trying to learn about life from t,v. situation comedies. To Fast the male has "always been a predatory animal", a "predator with a brain". He admits that animals And women love it. operate from instinct but that doesn't prevent him rummaging around the animal Kingdom choosing a species here, a species there to illustrate the inate nature of human beings. Thus ants enslave ants , male baboons pair bond, tropical fish attack their own kind. Like people who try to prove their point with quotes from the ekble, you can always find something to cinch the argument pro or we overdo it, he pleads, but it's sure tough to be a man. It's interesting to see biological determinism, so long used to keep women in their place, used to justify male chauvinism. But finally the weakness in this book and many such is its lack of economic analysis. The different economic positions women and men hold in our society is central to any discussion of male-female relationships. Joan Bari? con. The interesting thing about this book is that at the beginning you start to believe that it is slightly pro-woman. Fast states women's liberation positions but Michael Korda: MALE CHAUVINISM never argues them directly, just asks questions.tp women really want their husbands to (paperback) Berkley Publishing Corp. do housework? If men and women are incompatible shouldn't they seek their own roles? This is a schizophrenic book exciting and insightful; it nevertheless has strong If a woman does a male job is "she achigving faults. the fullest expression of her own capacities And so on. Korda a New York film critic and and attributes?" columnist, is mainly writing about the Yet to give the book its due, it contains a full statement of how men fear and business world and the pressures on women who try to succeed in this world. Rather hate women.Fast seems to regard this as a remote fromThunder Bay, one might say, fact, regrettable but impossible to change. yet I have seen the same mechanisms he -I found it fascinating. In Thunder Bay, it's describes used in our own educational, difficult to find a man who will admit that government and copy business institutions. male chauvinism even exists, much less give PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation of CVISION PDFCompressor Male chauvinism seems to operate cohtin-you any information on the subject. , �Worse, though, is the book's elitism. Korda dislikes the elitist nature of large scale business, he knows so well and describes how women are as guilty as men in his account of how female researchers at Time magazine banded together to force management to give them a chance at advancement at the expense of the secretarYet basically he sees the elitist ies. nature of the business world as a regrettable fact. Which brings up the ageThus. If, in our present old question. society, business,* government and almost all large scale organizations are elitist heirarchial, competitive and alienating, why should women seek to "succeed" in Should we wait and work for society them? to fundamentally change first? And what should we do while we are waiting? stay home? Accept our traditional place in the cheap labour pool? And if we accept that women should seek a place at the "top" how can we remind them that there is someone else at the "bottom" and how can we convince both men and women that the power that (sometimes but not always) accompanies "high-level" positions should meet the needs of people and in fact should Korda neverreside concerns with these fundamentally withhimself the people. questions but it would be interesting to hear the ideas of the readers of this news- A Manpower Ad "Young men with Grade 12 commercial training are invited to register with Mrs. Capbell. The receptionist will arrange an appointment." Advertised on the Job Bulletin Board at the Thunder Bay South Manpower office, found November 29, 1974. STATUS of woakin9 wornem letter. Yet the book's emphasis on economics is its strength and a realistic balance to all those who want to deal with the subject of women only in psychological or sexual And it is the clearest most complete terms. statement on male chauvisism so far. Xorda believes male chauvisism is a desire for control and he spells it out from A to Z. Books, the etiquette experts tell us, are the most tasteful of gifts and here is just the one to send to your male friehds and relatives this' Christmas. But first of course, READ IT YOURSELF. Joan Baril The experience of women in the labour force reflects the nature of their secondary status: they are marginal to the productive system and are discriminated against on a sex basis. It is structurally impossible for this system to provide work for all. The myth is that women do not play an important role in pro duetion and that when women work their jobs are temporary. ?/omen are considered incapable of performing jobs that are strenuous or require "executive ability". In fact, almost a third of the work fore is women, and continuing to rise. And when there are insufficient numbers of men to full the market need, (as in World War 11) women are drawn into the labour force in large numbers in jobs that are ie,lually con- sidered the province of men. We see that happening in the mining industry at the present time. co,4,01 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �The real class position of women is again emphasized by the fact that many university trained women can find no other work than clerical: the first question that they are asked is "can you type?". '1-kztse.iwf% 4Q...scksrez,*Atcis.? Women who work in "blue-collar" jobs are concentrated in industry where the rate of profit and therefore wages is low. The plants are often small, and the goods produced are often usually not essential to maintain production in other industry, i.e. consumer goods. Such plants are therefore hard to organize; it is easy to replace worders with scabs, (Dare Cookie Strike) management can hold out for long periods of time, and because of the low capital investment involvet the plant can remain inoperative or move to another location where labour is cheaper. Only 17% of women who work in industry belong to unions. When theydo, they often find even if most of the workers are women the union is run by men who are unresponsive to their needs, and who continue to negotiate contracts that do not give equal pay for work of eqUal value to women. Certain areas of work and professions have traditionally been reserved for women When we examine them (niassing accounts for one third of women professionals, teaching 50%, the balance as social workers, dieticians, medical and dental technitions, librarians etc.) two facts become clear. First, these are industrializations of women's traditional role in the family, and secondly, these are all jobs which were originally low status and sometimes working class, and have only recently be come recongized as professional. Even in these professions, women have secondary status while men increasingly fill administrative and supervisory positions. Qualifications rise and salaries and the percentage of women in these jobs decreases and women have experience of being passed over in the search, for jobs in favour of men with equal or lower qualifications. This is particularily true of teaching. The status of dieticians is a good example of how the society does not recognize the work of women as equal to that done by r even though it has the same content. Food science students at universities take courses comparable to those in bio-chemisty but the average wage of dieticians is half that of a chemist employed in industry. Coat White collar and clerical jobs absorb the largest number of working women. Again very few women a e unionized, and they are encouraged to see themselves as somehow superior to factory workers. There are special constraints on these workers; secretaries and receptionists are expected to be attractive and pleasant as well as efficient at their jobs. Their "uniforms" are paid for out of their paychecks. They often serve a role not unlike that of a wife to "tensionmanage" for her boss, serve the coffee, _flirt with the customers, and even sometimes to work overtime for no extra pay. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �There are fewer jobs for women than women who wish jobs. Because many of the jobs held by women require little specific on the job training industry can profitably sustain a high turnover rate and does not need to provide those services and benefits which would in fact make employ- IIF YOU THINK WEVE COME A LONG WAY =HOW ABOUT THE 45 YEAR OLD WOMAN WITH NINE CHILDREN WHO APPROACHED HER DOCTOR FOR A TUBAL LIGATION ;AND WAS REFUSED BECAUSE HER HUSBAND WOULD NOT SIGN THE CONSENTING PA PEPS Master-Servant an equal opportunity for women. Few jobs provide security_ when women are Lack of maternity 'pregnant they leave. benefits means women have no assurance that their jobs will be available when they need them, and they lose security rights, Neither the'state nor the employer provides day care. Women with children face the choice of expensive private daycare centres whose cost is not deductible from their taxable incomes, or leaving their children with a friend or woman who "looks after" children in her home. In this case, the tax is not just financial. The psycholigical tolls of guilt, worry that the child is improperly cared for and strictures against being an unfit mother are harsh. There are thousands of women who are heads of families. any of these are forced to accept the degradation of the welfare system because clothes, carfare and day-care take most of their small paychecks. Any women who works must perform two jobs: that which constitutes her employment, and all the housework and most of the child-care which constitutes production within the home. 4******************* WOMEN'S BUREAU._ CANADA DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR CELEBRATED ITS 20th ANNIVERSARY., Sept. 7,1974 Marion ROyce 73 and still active, was the first director. Today Ms Royce still transmits her interest in the situation of women at work, and her concern for women and girls who are still going into traditional female occupations. "WE CANT'T GIVE UP". "This is one problem that we just cant give up on. I don't think people should be pushed into one thing or another but the the economic emancipation of women is really most important." "There is also a kind of freedom that goes beyond economic emancipation and what I wish most for women more than anything else is that we can move out of our narrow outlook and face other issues, give leadership in other areas. This kind of emancipation will happen when women feel more secure as individuals. Then they can go beyond themselves", PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �LETTERS November 2/74 For all those responsible for 'The Northern Woman' Thank you for a newsletter that's becoming better every issue. Although I don't always agree with everything, its good to know that women are honestly and usually painfully struggling to discover what's real in human existence, And we need a paper to communicate these struggles or it's all rather incestuous and useless! Thank you. C. Kouhi. To the Editor: Re: Abortion Controversy In my opinion, it is a relatively painless task for male "pro-life" advocates to moralize about the evils of abortion, while resting in the warmth and security of philosophical armchairs-and all the more so--when they simultaneously uphold and practice the somewhat outdated, yet still popular belief that the nurturing and rearing of children is the responsibility of women in our society (commonly known as woman's work). Contemporary records of court cases dealing with paternal desertion and certain sociological studies on the disintegration of the family tend to confirm the prevalence of this notion, as well as point to some of its serious ill-effects upon the socio-economic organization of the family. But in the light of these facts, very little, if any mention., is made by "pro-life" advocates (both male and female) of the future "social" life of the unborn fetus. Certainly, social environment, aside from that of the uterine environment, must be considered as an equally essential component of the sustenance of human life. The question of abortion, if it is to have a sound basis of discussion, must be transferred from the vague realm of metaphysics to the "real" world of human activity. Furthermore, not until men begin to accept some basic responsibilities (aside from the traditional provision of financial support) in the rearing of children, should they have any say whatsoever, concerning the abortion question. But the decision as to whether or not to abort must always, and rightfully so belong to women in society. In my opi.: this point requires no further elaboration. Brenda Colborne Argus October 30, 1974 "IF A WOMAN GROWS WEARY AND AT LAST DIES FROM CHILDBEARING IT MATTERS NOT. LET HER DIE FROM BEARING SHE IS THERE TO DO IT," Otto Lan ? Wron Martin Luther PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �December/74 .31. Dear Sisters :- women's issue from equal-pay-for-equalUp until now your newsletter has dealt with every All of these struggles and issues deal with very real work to rape to abortion-on-demand. The one issue which, in a year of problems of women fighting the male establishment. Lesbianism. publication of the Northern Woman, hasn't been discussed at all.is for all women. It also means Women's Liberation means freedom for all women, equality self-determination. In Thunder bodies and therefore, sexual striving for control of our own (align themselves with the Women's Bay there is a sizeable gay population who refuse to The Centre because they feel it is too dominated by men. Movement or the Northern Women's been and are totally Northern Women's Centre and the Northern Woman Newsletter have There are other alternatives. orientated towards working out man/woman relationships. dealt with was when a gay woman was invited The only time it was Lesbianism is one of them. The turn-out from my understanding was very to speak at a meeting of the Women's Centre. of the meetings which drew a very large attendance. large. In fact, it was apparently one people present to hear about Lesbianiam One wonders the reason for this - were all these information to a lot of myths; were they there to investigate and. to get some factual they there, out of sen"sisterhood" and see if they had any gay tendancies; or were (step right up, folks!)? Whatever the sationalism, to see and hear a real live Lesbian and the woman who spoke at that meeting, reason, Lesbianism hasn't been brought up since her sisters for real liberation from instead of returning to Women's Centre to work with Liberation meetings at the sex-stereotyped roles, had to turn to (male-dominated) Gay they could no Thunder Bay has since been dropped as university. The Gay Lib movement in used to hang around. the door to try longer contend with the people at the University who What is her alternative now? The only place in Thunder to get in and see "those queers". consistently being hassled by straight Bay for gay people to meet is a bar which is people looking for a fight--or a sideshow. Northern Women's Centre can start working Surely, in women's struggle for equality, the burden in this male-dominated society- with and for Lesbians who happen to hold a double Bay Don't pretend Lesbianism doesn't exist in Thunder one of women who love other women. the Give your gay sisters a chance to come out of and the Northern Women's Centre. involved in the dayWhen a woman isn't always closet --let them know you support them. to devote she has a lot more energy to-day power struggle of working and living with men to the Movement--Support her! A (Lesbian) sister. Dear Sister :- We agree with you that much much more Your letter was welcomed at the Women's Centre. Our newsletter does deal with many could be done in terms of supporting our gay sisters. problems do relate to male/female problems that relate to women and, yes, many of those problems directly relate to relationships BUT most important we realize that those same forced to live under. In other words the type of system in which both man and women are oppression. I do not agree man's oppression of woman is simply a symptom of people's by men coley because some women are struggling that the Women's Centre is too dominated. Not all women find their to come to terms and improve their woman/man relationships. There are many many women who do not desire to solutions in women /woman relationships. seeking to make them more separate themselves from their man/woman relationships and are PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �32loving and understanding. Sisterhood must go together with Brotherhood if we ever hope to achieve the type of society based on true equality which we are striving for. If this does not happen then we are simply perpetuating a 'Male Sex-role approach' that is, excluding the other half of the population just as men have done to women for so very very long. 'Real Liberation' means to me much more than loving other women sexually, as you implied. We do not agree with the fact that women may have come to hear our lesbian sister for 'sensationalism'. Women came with a sincere need to now more about lesbianism in an effort to bring about a deeper understanding and feeling of true sisterhood. The woman who spoke that evening on lesbianism was welcomed and loved by the women present. All the women left with a much deeper understanding and feeling of true sisterhood. The women left with a much deeper understanding of what it means to be a. gay woman and a feeling of warmth and acceptance of pay sisters dominated. the evening. If that did. not come across to our gay sister that evening then we are truly sorry. If the Northern Women's Centre is not meeting the needs of our gay sisters that is only because we need your help. We certainly are not pretending that lesbianism does not exist in Thunder Bay or the Northern Women's Centre but we are not able to support nameless people. You signed your letter a (Lesbian)Sister...well, who are you? If you want the Women's Centre to help our gay sisters to come out of the closet you, at the same time, have to give us something to work with. That we would like to work with is YOU. So come on out...get to know us...let us get to know you and, most important, let's work together to make this world a better place for all people to live in. In strength and Sisterhood Estella Friedlander ....1MINN. Because she's a woman .1 OWIDOIN 41,4NNOMININ .10010.... 1 Dear Sister: she doesn't try to change me late and I were really pleased to she knows and understand a woman's ways; receive your letter and would like to meet I feel so free with you soon. to be what she sees in me or many women,feelingsof lesbian- it's so easy to be her lover ism or bi-sexuality are unexplored or un' because she's a woman. resolved, and so there has been no em- phasic put on this subject, both practically If you want higher consciousness 1 I'll tell you what to do We, then, cannot apologize but your you got to talk to a woman letter did prompt some of usllook inside get her to talk to you ourselves a little and we need the input you got to build you a union and make it strong from our lesbian sisters. 1 Please contact us and we will discuss and if we all stick together girls it won't be long... or philosophically. this further. 1 Above from the albumAavender Letters can prove to be rather impotent and impersonal when dealing with our sexuality. Jane Loves 'Women, Women's TAisic Network, Women's Wax Works, 1974 Valerie Packota 1 George PDFCompressor PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copyKate of CVISION �A Woman's Piece 4... is in the House WOMEN IN POLITICS There is a tendency on the part of some people campaigning for office to think that a change in political party's will result in such things as an end to inflation, reduced taxes and equality for women while still oper- ating under the same economic and social system. As with inflation and taxes, true possible to go any farther as the cost is pro- equality for women cannot come under the present system. under the present setup, it is virtually im- hibitive. Traditional political If the money were to continue to parties are unable to implement the kinds of come from the taxpayer, then yes it would be legislation which would produce any fund- prohibitive but in fact the money and the amental changes. At best they can provide trained labour power do exist. The problem is only surface variations on the same theme. they are unavailable under the present This is because any meaningful changes would system where the greatest part of this have to come about through a change in social- country's wealth is concentrated in the ization processes, educational systems, mass hands of a very few. media and family structure. have the money which could pay for the For example, legislation exists which The corporations services of trained childcare workers says equal pay must be given for equal work who are presently unemployed and for more but in practice this is not always so. machinery for enforcing the law is inedequate. adequate facilities. Unfortunately, even if adequate child-care facilities were There are ways to get around it such as chang- instigated the problems are not over. ing job classifications so that a woman doing freeing women from the burden of sole re- the same job as a man is given a different sponsibility for child-care, we would be title and lower wages. freeing them to take a greater part in The Also, women are not However, under our present socialized to strive for higher positions production. and are generally encouraged to be content economic setup there are no jobs avail- with their role as secondary labour. able. An example of how true equality cannot come under the present system is shown by the By Women are in fact unable to take an equal part in anything except unemployment. eoutfit lack of universal, free, 24 hour day care facilities. The provincial gov't states that while they will make slight improvements PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Basically there are two major pro- Our only hope as women to gain a trul; blems related to the present political equal place in society for all women is to set up A) those parties which are in fight for fundamental changes in the ec- power either directly refuse changes onomic, social and political setup and not which would affect the status quo or be content with partial or token responses because they must work within the bound- to our demands. aries set by the monoply corporations they can only introduce token, reformist legislation which has no other purpose than to placate the people and make them think a real change has taken place. B) those parties which say they do want to make real changes find out that these are virtually impossible under our present system. For example, in Manitoba a bill was passed which stated that something like 50% of the civil service should be women--including executive positions. This has however at present proved to be an impossible task because of our socialization process which still conditions women into secondary roles behind the typewriter or in the cafeteria. The women power is just not available to fill the ranks and as a result, the legislation is impotent, or "all show and no go". What would have to be done would be to provide the necessary upgrading skills and change salary brackets as an immediate stop gap measure, On a long term basis, restructuring the educational system making provisions for socialization of child-care and housework would help to change the present role women are forced to play in our society. "I HAVE MET BRAVE WOMEN WHC Aix; x EXPLORING THE OUTER EDGE OF HUMAN POSSIBILITY, WITH NO HISTORY TO GUIDE THEM, AND WA COURAGE TO MAKE THEMSELVES VULNERABLE THAT I FIND MOVING BEYOND THE WORDS TO EXPRESS IT Gloria Steinem -11 Lbsaarromearrawarrammeer......senorwerwasegar......1~, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ffi WOMEN & BUSINESS Some Conclueions by Erna Paris Chatelaine Nov. 1974 dare to pursue an independent life. Even if we have to work, as do a quarter of a million of us who are deserted, separated or divorced, we may still feel guilty. Yet in some elementary way, and perhaps this conditioned guilt factor, we haven't overcome the very first hurdles to equality at. work. They are: 1) General access to good day car_ that will relieve a working mother and not upset her. 2) Birth control information and devices, Especially for the poor. The availability of abortion as a release clause from accidental, unwanted pregnancy so that the extraordinary human experience of parenting becomes a voluntary and deeply wished-for-happening. Legislating equal rights without meeting these conditions is like dabbing powder over a pimple. Sooner or later it will reapperar, redder and sorer for having been abused. For the record, it appears that three million of us have some or all of the following in common: 1) "Women's work" such as clerical work, nursing, social Work, teaching, and child care Etill moans automatic low status and low pay. 2) When men and women do similar work the men are almost always paid more than the women. 3) Canadian women do not have equal opportunity at work. Ve are passed over for promotions. We train the very men who become our supervisors. 4) We have equal pay laws in this country, but they don't work, rf we do break nto management we rarely reach the middle levels where reel decision-making power begins. 5) One out of every three of us does clerical work, but we're not org enized and we have no bargaining power. 6) Assumptions are made about us to our great disadvantage. It is assumed that we will not relocate, "AS LONG AS THE REAL POWER IN THE BELL so no one bothers to ask us. It TELEPHONE COMPANY IS WHITE AND MALE AM is assumed that we hill drop out of NOT CALL IT PA BELL." the work force perranently when we marry or start a family. It is assumed that we are too illogical and emotional to handle the tough nitty-gritty of daily business. It is assumed that we lack Strength, persona erection and ambition. Some of these assumptions may be true for some women. But when individuality is ignored and judgments are made on the basis of sc.': alone, the result is out- andout discrimination. 7) We've read the B ble and gone to church and studied Freud too, and not unnaturally some of picked up the dea that we didn't really measure up to men. Somewhere along the way the biological ability to bear children was expanded into a "biological suitability" for serving and taking care of everyone else's basic needs. 'So when we want for ourselves, we often feel guilty. If we're mothers, we may PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor feel like ogres if we do not give if 4,11 �PAM MEADY: 'PAPERPERSON1 PAM MEADY, 13 year old paperperson for the Chronicle Journal, seems to have it'all together' at a very young age. Pam was offended and angered by a newspaper ad which was directed to paperboys. The ad said paperboys grew up to be prime ministers and great lawyers. No mention of girls: Pam says 'Well, watch for me to pop up as the first woman Prime Minister or at least get into politics or law." Pam is a very aware young person who realizes "girls have to be better than boys because when a girl makes a mistake cr doesn't do a good job, then people will get down on all girls - so we try harder." She is also very busy putting her awareness to work. She increased her paper route from 80 to 107 customers in just a short time. One carrierwoman we'vestates had in'she 25 years.' elderly is the best Pam is a junior leader in Brownies, plays the violin and guitar and is a member of the senior orchestra. She crochets and knits, has 21 pen-pals around the world and is an avid scientist. She recently won an honourable mention at the science fair in Calgary. Tow does she feel about boys? "1 ('She'd like them as people." better--she might need their vote one day' says the Chronicle-Journal)* Pam was always out when 'The Northern Woman' tried to contact her but, during a brief conversation with her mcther, we learned she also is an avid reader (could some literature be by feminists?) and also gives her male teacher a hard time (trying to raise his conscicusness perhaps). Her big desire, thou h, is to make sure women get more recoznition in this male"Women have been dominated. world. lower-class creatures; it's time they got up in the world." *Our observation of the .1.e- Jourria.1 7tatement is that a women who are now eligible to vet - are not taken 16-8-, seriously by politicians and we should be mor aware of thie attitude. Thee nee our vote. :., united vote J. people concerned about women's issues is the only power we now have. Let's use et, and encouryoung women like Pam to take an interest in becoming politically in rThe Northern Woman' wirhes you luck, Pam, in any and all endeavours of your choice. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Many women are disappointed that the Women's Studies Course will NOT be a fcredit course. Are they not important enough???Are they in fact courses designed to keep those 'silly' women busy...give them e hobby. For example; the Herstory of Women is one to be proud of sisters....but how proud is the college???Obviously not proud enough to give the course 'respectability' by awarding it credit. How sincere is the college in recognizing women's role in herstory. Would you be more willing to take such a course if you were awarded a credit? If so, contact the Women's Centre by letter or contact Ms. R. Cunningham, Director Women's Studies, Confederation COTIege. LETS JUST SEE WHERE THE COLLEGE REALLY STANDS IN RECOGNIZING THE CONTRIBUTION DE BY WOMEN. A- 114 litIDERCLAP 4tc To Ruth Cunningham for her recent appointment to the Ontario Status of Women Council. Ma. Cunningham is Director of Women's Programs at Confederation College and replaces William Saskoley of Dryden. Did zou know that our CHILDREN'S 1 Room is now available for use??? IThe hours have tentatively been set from 9 to 11:30 a.m. 1 to 5:30 p.m. UNDE ikboLl -- To Gloria Moody for her "impression" (Lakehead Living) Nov. 6 of "Lakehead Ladies". Gloria if you feel the need to do something more worthwhile than pursue your "natural fashion competiveness; come and see us. (Monday through Satvday) If your child/children have use for Ithe room now, please call a day in /advance to Alison Tett (Children's tRoom Coordinator) ® 623-3107 623-392_5 or Helen Halet @ 623-8411 oroargawb EIVExT For those interested in using the °Al iI I room, a general meetin will be AN. 8, in TAN. held at 8 p.m., WED., 1 Centre. (Tile Northern Wamen's to WorvIE share ideas on purpose will be Hi child-care-cooperative among y Erg parents, needs, etc.). PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor tinirERN Lv---, �NEWS I Womer File We are attempting to set up a womanpower file to assist us in alleviating some of the problems we are encountering, at your women's centre. We know that many of you cannot volunteer your time in helping to staff the centre BUT we also realize that you may have other resources that you would be willing to contribute if given the chance to do so. On Saturday the 23rd of November we of the Women's Centre held workshops in order to aid us to help you more effectively. We had many very good resource women here and they spoke on a number of very important facets of counselling and different contact places where we can refer to if the need arises. Among the workshops that we experienced were those of: Women and the Law---Mary Tomlinson Crisis Councelling---Estella Friedlander Welfare Rights-- --Dawn St. Amend Community Resources---Margaret Phillips Birth Control and Pregnancy Councelling--- --Eve Pykerman Some of the immediate crisis situations that arise which we cannot contend with are: 1) transportation. Do you have a car at your disposal? 2) one night housing assistance 3) help in the children's playroom. 4) care for a child in your home, for a woman in a crisis situation Some of the resources we have already compiled are women who can: --provide counselling --do crafts e --type and own a typewriter --pmevide real estate information -- provide legal information --eindex and operate the library We also have women who can speak and provide information on the women's movement, rape crisis, sex-role stereotyping and the health collective. We need, and we all can benefit from, any services you may have Call and leave your name and number for the File" 623-3107 All in all it was a very succeesfull afternoon and much was shared and learned by everyone PDF compression, OCR, involved. web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Editorial cont'd Much of the material for the foregoing has been unabashedly fted from a publication called Women at Work in Nova Scotia which los produced by the Halifax Women'T-Bureau, Irii=i7e7= a similar publication can be produced for Northwestern Ontario; as part of our International Women's Year project. In summary, the Women's Bureau article states that many of the problems are not unique to women, The struggle to live on salaries which buy less every day, to find jobs when unemployment is constantly growing and tc find satisfaction in jobs which use only a fraction of our skills, are problems faced by both women and men. But these problems are further complicated by men who still fight to maintain the small privileges now have over womene They may refuse to su -ort the demandsthey of women for equal pay, not realizing that a solid 8.2lance of workers could win higher wages for all, and keep one group from being played off against the other, A recent example in the news pointed civil servants in Ontario were prepared to against the Davis Government: a setdement not include a positive step being taken to discrimination against women out that while the strike for their demands was reached which did eliminate wage In the civil service, women (who are called seamstressoss) who sew women's clothing are paid lens than men (who are called tailors) who sew men's clothing_ because they perform "different jobs", In addit7_on men may refuse to take responsibility for housework, or to press for day cane, believing that these are not their areas of concern, Only when the wcking class movement as a whole takes up the struggle for women's rights can important progress be made toward building the unity necessary ive women's liberation movement and improved working for an effectall. By keeping the struggle divided, it leaves both conditions for gr aps powerless against that which really controls usthe drive for profit, Year after year, we fight for higher wages only to have them taken back th-cugh increased costs food and rent, We need decent housing, healthy food and spacie'for recreation, but these are not available to all of us because they are not profitable enough. All of these are manifestations of a system which creates problems that cannot be resolved until the interests of the working people and the goals of society are ono, But building a new social order will not automatically eliminate the problems of women, although women's oppression would no longer be a key to profit, and this would help to create the conditions necessary for the true liberation of women. 1,1411 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �NEWSLETTER NEWS It will be two years in April we have sent out a newsletter to interested women and men. It was put out by a relatively small group of people. But as our membership and enthusiasm grows and as our awareness increases " of the needs of women to know what is gibing on in the world of women's issues, it has become clear that we need the support of more,of our readers. You can help in many ways. FIRST: GET THE NEWSLETTER.. SUBSCRIBE FOR $2.00 a year. (16, bargain when you consider the price of postage and papell Please let us know of any change of address or if you don't wish to receive it any longer. FILL OUT THE ?ORM AND SEND IT IN NOW If you don't have the $2.00 tha$ okay, but send in your name. SECOND: Read the newsletter and tell us what you think. Call the office 623-3107 or write a note. Don't just sit back and fume about something you read in the newsletter, share your feelings. THIRD: Every woman is living every day (whether you realize it or not) the issues that the women's movement talks about--so tell us about what it's like working where you work, how it feels to be a young mother, a single parent, a student or an older woman in Thunder Bay (or wherever and whoever you are.) We can't learn about each other and our world unless we talk about it. So let's use the newletter as a convenient way to get together. Nobody has to be an expert nobody is. But among us all we can find ways to say what we want to say. L1S4YLn: W"KT Ott Y OtJ sikY SuascRIB C SVMCN/PI/ON5 !! * * * d 4ET mil: Enclosed please fin 4 ;:,"2.00 ('.,5.00 for institutions) for my subscription to 'The ik1011THERN tau/JAN.. . 11"1 "F4 4 NAME (Please print) 4 ADDRESS: PHONE NO: NEW SUBSCRIPTION a 4 4 * PDF 4compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of *CVISION PDFCompressor �NEXT ISSUE 3 0 Y C 0 T T (GIRLCOTT?) INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR CALIPORNIA LETTUCE & GRAPES KRAFT.. FIRESTONE ...ANGOLAN COFFEE POSTAL CODE DPAELINE FOR PRTICLES: JAN. 31/75 Our Newsletter fund is newly depleted. Please send in your $2.00 Subscription SOON DOrATIONS WELCOME ALSO. NOTE: People who did this issue: LINDA NOREEN DORrEN GEORGINA fiLISON "HAPPY 19 7 5 SIST-rf.ES" RATE, ESTELLA 27, Cv.-N,p7 /- plaavv4,0,46-1>VoksoakkAVu ..rtrau 0 ku. 0 ISO .0 ULX04.\-.)ON sytiDc,) : uin+Irt PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 1 No 14 Description An account of the resource Vol. 1, No. 14 (November 1974) Title: The Northern Woman: Working Women Topics include: Herstory (October & November 1974) Housework Politics Economy & Value/Worth of Housework Local Announcements & Events Low-wage Women’s Work Formal Division of Labour & Its Value Working Conditions Women’s Studies (Confederation College) Working Women & Women’s Liberation Book Reviews Status of Working Women Comics Equal Opportunity for Women Women’s Bureau, Department of Labour Letters to the Editor Lesbian Equality Women in Politics Legislation for Working Women Authors/Contributors: C. Kouhi Brenda Colborne Estella Friedlander Valeria Packota Erna Paris Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-11 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2738/1975_Vol_2_No_1_CV01.pdf 48f4a34d714bfd3e52a2363c1d8a3eb1 PDF Text Text o s k.)444)00VL. t, '1"14 r\ &r. f),7 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �AM I am a deep river bedded on rock who knows what subterranean streams have kept me undiminished what magic filters of the soul still keeps me loving Infinite and Indestructable I hold the seed of the world in my rebellious Belly only I know the strength of the destroyer that sleeps in eyxcurrents only I know how much I would risk for a calculated Inch written by Gert Beadle (for the International Women's Year Planning Seminar, November 1974) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL ...It was at an international meeting of women in 1971 held in Berlin that the idea of International Women's Year was conceived. It was decided to bring the proposal to the United Nations. This proposal met with favour and at the twenty-seventh session of the General Assembly, it was brought to fruition. 1975 was proclaimed International Women's Year based on the theme Equality, Development and Peace. The machinery to mark this important event has now been set in motion in most areas of the world. Locally the recognition for starting this work must go to Ruth Cunningham of Confederation College and some of the women of the Northern Women's Centre. I think it is fair to say that having the United Nations act on International Women's Year was a great victory for women everywhere. It recognizes the tremendous contribution women have made to the development and advancement of humanity throughout the centuries. At the same time it provides an opportunity for womenthroughout the world to step up work to put an end to the e.xploitation of women and the discrimination and prejudice against us which still exists in many areas of the world. International Women's Year .should be considered the beginning of a decade of intensified activities to }bring equality to women. We hope that 1975, as women.. work together everywhere, will help all of us to see OUT problems more clearly and make each of us more conscious of the role we can play in this common struggle. ...We cen see at once that the theme of Equality, Development end Peace allows for a wide range in reference to issues which can be covered in discussion, covered by resolutions, and around which projects may be planned. Many issues have already been raised by women. Among the most urgent are equal pay for work of equal value, adequate daycare, the rising costs of all commodities which, are seriously eroding the quality of life, the lack of proper housing in many areas, etc., etc. All these matters and many more are of great concern to women everywhere. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �2_ We would urge that we do not allow ourselves to be sidetracked. That we do not "run off in all directions at once"- as someone once said, but rather, that we enter into serious discuesion, put forth so that together we might come serious propositiY up with a sound program which will cepture the imagination of the women of the region. We believe that we have here in North=sestern Ontario a unique opportunity to make 1975 a milestone in the struggle for equality for women and at the same time lesve a legacy for those who come after and who, hopefully, will drive some benefit from our efforts. We must not allow International Women's Year to Every project must carry within it the be wasted. kernel which will add something to the struggle for ae must not allow ourselves to equality for women. be directed into areas which will not- and I underscore will not- contribute anything to this cause. There are subtle- and some not so subtle- suggestions coming down from the superstructure which have already been imposed on women regarding International Women's Year without women h'eving been consulted. These must be probed and challenged, accepted or reIf we accept without question all decisions jected. of which have already been made for us ie. setting up type the budget, deciding whet the budget, alloting of activities will get a major portion of funds aveilable, hiring of an advertisitng agencey to do the publicity, etc., etc. If we submit to this type of treetment without protest, we will ourselves be helping to perpetuate the paternalistic attitude towards women which we profess to be fighting against. I conclude with n parody of a widely used edvertisitnr slogan: By gosh, the time is right!" (This is the text of Micky Murray's introductory speech at the International Women's Year Seminar, November 29, 30, and December 1 held in Thunder Bay 1974) THE OFFICIAL UN EMBLEM FOR IWY A dove for peace, biological symbol for women, and mathematical sign for equality. The work of Valerie Pettis, New York graphic designer. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �HER/TORY DECEMBER INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR planning seminar for Northwestern Ontario was held at Confederation College and the NORTHERN WOMEN'S CENTRE for the purpose of discussing and planning joint projects for the women of Northwestern Ont. for International /omen's Year (IWY). Twenty-six resolutions were passed. Thunder Bay, 1974 Mayor Jane Bigelow won re-election to a second consecutive term, defeating three opponents. London, Ont. 1974 *AMAMI. WU' The Saskatchewan Court of Appeal has upheld a Court of 'queen's Bench ruling that rape victims are not obliged to answer questions regarding previous sexual relations. oegina, 1974 3 ulas*rw.grAstvwe an-wil. as. OW1110t0e09.1, The Toronto Women's Yellow Pages, a non-profit directory selling for $2.00, lists how to find a special woman. Women in trades, crafts, professions, businesses, arts and non-traditional as well as traditional fields are listed for the many people willing to employ qualified women, but have difficulty locating them. The small yellow booklet also includes services and organizations directly related to women. Toronto, 1974 c Susanna Moodie, author of Roughing It In The Bush, a record of her early pioneer experiences in Upper Canada, born, 1803 6 Senora Hortensia Allende, widow of Chile's late President Salvador Allende, has been lecturing in Canada, urging Canada's government and Canadians to let the Chilean political refugees come in. Toronto, 1973 Reginae Tait of Toronto, and Roseanne Sutherland of Sudbury, are the first lay women among its benchers since its incorporation in 1822. Benchers have the power to disbar or punish lawyers or refuse admission to the society. 1974 * Members of the House of Commons take home the report of the Royal Commission on the :itatus of Women, Ottawa, 1970 6 7 3 Ianette M. Georgeson, first woman bank manager, was appointed manager of the TorontoThminion Bank, Victoria Ave. and North St. She is also the first woman manager in the western division of Toronto-Dominion banks comprising of half of Ont., Manitoba and (;askatchewan. Thunder Bay, 1974 Karen Magnussen voted top Canadian female athlete. 1973 Beryl Plumptre chosen Canada's most newsworthy woman. 1973 18 Deana Lee-Smith, first and only woman on the university of Toronto faculty of architecture staff. In Canada, of 3,300 registered architects, only 63 are women. Lee-Smith states women architects have the hardest time of all in North America-in the classroom, on the job site and in finding work. Toronto, 1973 19 Jan Tennant, first women to be seen reading the National News on ac. new Tv show, The Fit Stop. Toronto, 1974 20 She also has 4Se Mat, Mary Stewart, swimmer, is named Canada's woman athlete of the year, 1961 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �23 Margaret Trudeau was named as the CP woman of the year, 1974 I53abel le BoUrdais; author of The Trial of Stephen Truscott, named Woman of the Year .ey Canadian Press women editors, 1966 The English translation of The Tin Flute by Gabrielle Roy is published, 1945 23 24 * Marlene Stewart Streit, golfer, is selected Canada's outstanding woman athlete 1963 26 Hon. Judy LaMarsh chosen Canada's most newsworthy woman of the year for the third time, 1967 huth M. Cunningham, appointed to the newly formed position of director of women's programs, The Confederation College of Applied Art and Technology, Thunder Bay, 1973 28 have The first ten women, graduates of Armed Forces boot camp at CFB Cornwallis elected to pioneer the entry of women into the Canadian Forces School of Aerospace and Ordinance Engineering at Camp Borden, Ont. 1973 , of Suzanne Findlay has her job back as head of the women's program in the Secretary vocally State's Department after she appealed, and women's organizations supported her members of and in letters and telegrams to the Prime Minister, Cabinet ministers, and people -something unheard of in civil Parliament. There was an audience of 100 service circles--when her appeal was heard. 31 * Credit to HEFSTORY published by the Saskatoon Women's Calendar Collective (On sale at The Northern Women's Centre) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Womens Work Comes Alive in '75 International Women's Year, 1975, is the year when women focus creatively and ambitiously on projects and issues that are of special concern and importance to them. A seminar at Confederation College held November 29,30 and December 1 on International Womes year (IWY) demonstrated the enthusiasm and dedication of women in North-Western Ontario to a great variety of projects and campaigns of interest to every woman. Seventy- -five to one hundred women from numerous communities in N. W. Ontario, rural areas and Thunder Bay representing specific women's groups or associations of many political, religious, ethnic and social backgrounds came together to share information about the plans and hopes Oft N. W. O. women and to provide information on existing or prospective national and regional activities and resources. Out of the discussion of the situation of women in N.W. Ontario- with its positive side and problem areas defined - the delegates formulated recommendations for N.W.O. women in 1975. These recommendations were compiled into a list of twentyfive resolutions that were presented, amended and voted upon during the final session of the seminar. The delegates then committed themselves to initiating certain projects that particularly interested them. A priority list of resolutions was compiled, based on the number of women who will participate in the area they specified as being the most important to them. An "Information Caravan" is the project that most women wanted to see materialine,-.This would travel throughout N.W. Ontario, and include the following programs: -educational informations i,e. on resources, speakers, contacts... -research and studies informatoLon -books in a library and for sale -films -information on employment practices, day care, birth control, health care, legal aspects of marriage - craft displays and general entertainment Accemmedations for nnmen in crisis situations that would provide a .warm and understanding atmosphere was a high priority among the delegates at the seminan. Eighteen women indicated that they want to create a travelling feminist theatre group, for purposes of entertainment, culture and education. Many women indicated that a program of political education directed at women is necessar7, This would embody such subject matter as party politics government structures and ideologies, looking at all levels of government This would also serve to encourage women to get into politics, and support women in running for office, and would be offered in all N. W. Ontario communities. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Of speCial pertinence in this issue is another high priority: a comprehensive study with respect to women and This study would encompass the participation work in N.W. Ontario. reae of women in the work force, unions, wages, hours,working conditions, day care,, unemployment and all other related This information would be published as a report aspects. so that it could be available to all interested persons. An information booklet listing films, books, resource people, speakers etc. needs to be printed so that it can be used by the individUal groups and organizations in Thunder Bay or surrounding regions_ a There are still more projects, such as establising scholarship fund, researching into and developing sex education classes in schools, writing a history of pioneer women in I. W.; Ontario, that are areas in which any woman can participate. Aside from project oriented resolutions though many "campaign resolutions" that involve pressuring the government to change some of its policies affecting women were passed. These resolutions were mainly dealt with by telegrams to appropriate government officials, stating our position on such issues as abortion, the firing of Jue Findlay as director of Women's Programs andday care. A steering committee of'nineteen women, representing most North-western Ontario communities, will co-ordinate these projects that will be born during I.W.Y. Limited funding is available for those projects needing it the most. Hopefully the imagination and dedicatipn pf women whp participate in. these projects will minimize expense and develop them in a self-supporting way, independently of government influence. The key to the success of the many exciting and challenging prospects only now in the planning stages is YOUR participation. We need all the womanpower possible to insure that all of these worthwhile plans become reality to better the lives of since the United Nations is so women in N.W. Ontario. generously granting one whole year for people to focus on the status Of.51 of the World's population - women - we must act now to prove that in 1976 that majority (Us!) will not be overlooked, ignored or pacified. Think about what you'd like to see happEin to improve your situation, or broaden your horizons, or improve the .position of women in N.W. Ontario. Then communicate your ideas or hopes cr intentions by phoning: "The Northern Women's Centre" (807-622-3989 or Box 314 Thunder Bay 'F') or Helen Halet (F.W. YMCA Thunder Bay 'F' or 623-8411). Let's make 1975 a year in which women are recognized as an energetic and decisive force for change -- Georgina Garrett PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �r; rriammuraranrompuramwounimmumani SIP anicar-APr_21 111111M 1111111111111111111111111111 111r1 I "5 We come march-ing) we come yekarch-i9-, march-ite7 2 A5 We come march- i20) mth-i'? oe. come Tharcb-ti gie, nricirdl-iv) aAs 4 As beau-iy cFline 4r)e baf-tle too idte numbered 614g we iteGuit-cr ) 111111101111111 VIM= IIIIIIPI.Z1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 111.11411 NNW 111111110111111PT UM 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111 1111 _ _ _ musaid- war IMO (it, A rnifi-ion azark-enecl P) n, For 4beyart 40- men's chil4ren, dead, Go _baySi The ,r)4.455 Ara our -the rase of 1111 41)07 ar4t4e fiva r 5/r6-ing send rno ahc ien't wo- men mednsibe .M1111111111f1111111111111111M1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 Oar MP Mr arisommaimmtamillINIF warsasiminiimaivinumai chec) (il al/ 111e. ra Ji4nce ItNIMINIII SIM NM allir ars mi SI hem Sotcl imAl. idfts ary, Art d- for our per, Sman art rdce 1\i0 soeot- ed love Anil beau -t) lives sW\ rat be more. cltnizt +he Jr+ r - otter ; Sod -din soh 05e-er.5 (r the Pe" pie brth un- +it 1;fe close-es, I-4 ecs,rts slarve riru.4( 5pi- rits Cies is +oil where one re - po-seS 84- -t it e, shay.- ;no' 4r. oell LreAJ4 oc .1S We Fe/5 erezici .6erki Give us b we, h:c i3 redo and rd PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �AN OPEN LETTER TO SUCCESSFUL I am speaking to all of you who have 'made it' in a man's world. I am speaking to the women bank managers, and the women doctors, and the women race car drivers, and the women athletes, and the women politicians, and the women astronauts, and the I am speaking women scientists. to all you women who have become rich and successful and who are saying things like 'I "m not a women's libber" or "I made it so any woman can' or "I believe in femininity" or "I'm already liberated." I have a few things to say to you that are very important. First. You did not make it You are where you are alone. today because of the hard work, the sacrifice, the imprisonment and death of thousands of women before you. You owe your position to the women who fought to liberate you from corsets and long skirts and fainting spells and the "the curse" and legal non-existence, and forced ignorance, and idlesness, women's weakness" and a firm and belief that you are incapable of doing a man's job. The women's liberation movement is now new--it has existed for hundreds of years, and you are part of the first generation to reap some of the benefits gained by these brave woman. Do not for ai this. Second. Femininity is not the issue. When women's liberation says that platinum hair and pancake faces and uplift brassieres and girdles and giggles are the symbols of women's oppression, we mean just They are SYMBOLS; they are that. You not the source of, oppression. cannot eliminate fascism by banning swastikas any more than you become a fascist by wearing one. Swastikas were a good luck symbol in many Symbols are different cultures. WOMEN In North in different cultures. America women do not wear veils. We do not suggest for one minute that a woman is liberated by going is the without a bra or makeup. media that has made an issue of these things--not us. Women's freedom is not in any way dependent on how we dress, despite what the liberated fashion mongers would have us believe. Third. Freedom is not the same thing as being successful. When you say you are liberated you are saying that you do not experience the normal prejudices of being a Of course you don't. You woman. have made it in a man's world. But it is still a man's world, and what you call liberation will not be true freedom until it is the right ofall woman, not the privilege of a feW. Women's liberation does not deal in exceptions--we deal in averages. And the average woman still faces many prejudices in her everyday life. You are not liberated until all woman are liberated. I There are still a lot Fourth. of women who have gained nothing from the long struggles of our foremothers. They are poor women, Indian women, Black women, immigrant women, working class women, very young women, very old women, lesbian women, single mothers, insane women, and "fallen women". The Women's Liberation movement is concerned with continuing the flight for women's freedom until all these women share the security of a good job, like the one you already have. They too are working hard, under adverse conditions and against It is no wonder increditble odds. that women like you are still the minority. We want to keep on fighting against prejudice and ignorance, at whatever cost, until condtions are equalized for all women and men. This is what PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Women's Liberation is all about. boo Fifth. When you say that you do not support women's liberation, you are standing in the way of these impotent advances, and negating the advances that have already been made. You are taking advantage of a good thing and forgetting to give credit where it is due. You are not really a self-made woman. Remember this. Sixth. As a woman who has made it" you are in a position to do a lot of good. You have money that could go to help the women's movement. You have a hungry press waiting for your pronouncements on anything and everything. This is a plea to yoU to understand the importance of the women's movement. To read some books and look at it objectively before you pass judgement publicly. To speak with women who work for women's liberation and consider what they are saying. Times are changing and nothing we can do can hold them back So instead we must start taking control of some of the chancres, and do so responsibly by thinking beyond our own lives and our own small circles and our own selfish needs. Women will move ahead with or without your help. History has shown that this is inevitable. But how much smoother, how much less violent, how much easier these changes would be if you would help them. Think about it. review THE LACE GHETTO Nunes, Maxine,and aTENE7White: Vioronto New Press, 1972 11 . - Slick ad copy--"Keep her where she belongs.." or porno flicks -- "Hips and tits" it's all the same in the Lace Ghetto. An overview of reasons for the women's movement, "The Lace Ghetto" shows brutal shards of truth in nine major ,areas, including CR. You cannot help but be moved by this showcaSe of ignorance and heartbreak. Deprecating advertisements, cartoons, selected quotes, the "hidden persuaders" that distort women's value, are naked on the pages-- shown for what they are--along with transcribed discussions, that show what they have done. The authors do not seek to liberate women Into the roles that men now play and they also recognize that freedom will be a new, and possibly frightening, burden. Perhaps books like theirs will make women courageous enough to risk the bearing of it. Lace Ghetto is a highly emotional book, and is also easy and fast reading ideal for newcomers, and rejuvenating to those who have begun to feel that 'what4s-it-all-fort-anyhow,-I'm-just-knocking-my-headagainst-a-stone-wall' syndrome. M.L. Sincerely, Judy Rain (Canadian Woman's Paper The Other Woman) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �WHAT YOU MAY HAVE MISSED AT TEE WOMEN'S CENTRE MEETINGS ..._ . . Jan 2, 1975 Women in Cuban Society, Speaker Georgina Garrett, who was a visitor to Cuba recently Jan 9 Open House held at Confederation College to discuss Women's Studies Program - Jan. 16 The Mentally Retarded. Spaaaera Norma Sheridan and Marion Babcock. Jan. 23 Special moetlng on "A Women's Right to Choose. Jan '10 Rape. Speaker Debra Lewis of the Toronto Rape Crisis Centre. Feb. 6 Micky Murry on history of international Women's Day. Brainstorming on that should be included in an international Women's Day Program for March 8, 1975 *********.1-t.****-********************* Thurplunitsht meetial The regular Thursday night meetings at the Northern Women's Centre will concentrate on organizing an International Women's Day Program up until March '8. We need Woman owerl Please come ou ecause this special day needs all the support and attention it can get. !ach Thursdays 8 pm Northern Women's Centre Planning for Internatioal Women's Day, March 8, 1975 followed by informal socialising. SE you there. STUDY GROUP A couple of people have expressed interest in joining a. study group. The purpose of the group is to get together women Who would like to learn more about the women's movement and make friends at the same time. So far I have visuali:ed that the group would meet every week or two to discuss a book that one person has read with a different Person being responsible for having read a book at each meeting. The person would describe the book and relate what things in the book related to her and What things she did or didn't like about it. Hopefully this would attmulatc conversation around each person's feelings about the boo. Any suggestions are welcome. If you are interested or know anyone who is please leave a name and phone number and an indication of which day or evening is best. I have the list, toli4J,qtA1. using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor PDF compression, OCR, web optimization �CONTACT PEOPLE FOR THE FOLLOWING .NINE PRIORITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR RESOLUTION #1 Information Caravan Liz Jobbitt 939-2057 RESOLUTION #2 Crisis Housing Estelle Friedlander 622-3989 (days) Marg Lanchok 887-3343 (Nipigon) RESOLUTION #3 Theatre Kate George Georgina Garrett 622-3989 (days) RESOLUTION #4 Political Education Bernice Cain 597-4523 (Atikokan) RESOLUTION #5 Information Booklet RESOLUTION #6 Working Women's Study Shellie Wisner 344-6949 or 577-7707 RESOLUTION #7 Scholarship Audie Williamson 344-4566 RESOLUTION #8 Sex Education Shellie Wisner 344-6949 RESOLUTION #9 History of Pioneer Women MAILING Mickey Murray 344-4562 ADDRESS 'Northwestern Ontario International Women's Year Council P. O. Box 314 Thunder Bay 'F', Ontario PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �RESOLUTIONS PASSED AT THE NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR SEMINAR Held at Confederation College and the Northern Women's Centre the weekend of December 1st, 1974 ASOLUTION #1 e it resolved that a co-ordinating council 1:e formed to gather and dispense information d have the responsibility for co-ordinating oint or individual projects for Northwestern dtario. d further that the members of this council ill represent all of Northwestern Ontario. .d that the members of this council be olunteers from, or elected by this conference. nd that this council should apply for funding or administration, travel and other expenses. d that this council be called "the Northestern Ontario International Women's Year 'ouncil". RESOLUTION #2 be it resolved that an Information Caravan be formed to travel throughout Northwestern Ontario. and further that the following programs be included with the caravan. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (i) (k) (1) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) (r) research and studies information educational information i.e. on resources, speakers, contacts books be available for sale films workshops of different issues to be formed include a permanent library collection include information on Family and Property Law general entertainment for and by women information on sex-role sterotyping in family and educational institutions information on employment practices information on the formation of consciousness raising groups information on day care information on birth control and natural birth information on mental and health4care information on "growing old" and problems that surround this phenomenon information on crafts and being prepared to display crafts information on legal aspects of the institution of marriage aspects of International Women's Year be included. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �13. RESOLUTION #3 be it resolved that there be set up a travelling theatre group specializing in feminist theatre for purposes of entertainment, culture and education. RESOLUTION #4 be it resolved that a project be set up for women in a crisis situation. Accomodation should be found where they may encounter a warm, understanding atmosphere. This would not be a Women's Centre, but a home for women in crisis - young women, aged women, unemployed women, etc. RESOLUTION #5 be it resolved that an information booklet be printed listing films, books, resource people, speakers, etc. that can be used by the individual groups and organizations in Thunder Bay and surrounding regions. RESOLUTION #6 be it resolved that a history of our area be compiled, describing the role of pioneer women and outstanding women in various fields up to the present day in order to record the contributions of women to Northwestern Ontario. RESOLUTION #7 be it resolved that scholarship funds for women be established commemorating International Women's Year, to aid the needy parents with a priority given to single parents who are returning to school. contact Audie Williamson - 344-4566 RESOLUTION #8 be it resolved that we utilize the resources available in Northwestern Ontario to engineer a program of political education directed towards women, embodying such subject matter as party politics, government structures and ideologies; looking at all levels of government. and further that it be directed towards encouraging women to get into politics, and supporting women in running for office, to be PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor offered in all Northwestern Ontario communities. �RESOLUTION #9 be it resolved that we utilize all resources and data available to undertake a comprehensive study with,respect to working women in Northwestern Ontario. and further that it would encompass the participation rate of women in the work force, unions, wages, hours, Working conditions, day care, unemployment and all other related aspects. and further that this study be made available to all persons in Northwestern Ontario. RESOLUTION #10 (a) be it resolved that a comprehensive prof; am be developed in the schools with respect to sex education, birth control and V. O. counselling, tand all other related aspects o health care. and we press the Board of Education to rake quality education in every area availah:.2 to every person, regardless of sexy and tha: course content in programs be evaluated as to tleir portrayal of women i.e. in history cou3es. RESOLUTION #10 (b) be it resolved tiLat the Boards of Education in Northwestern Onta rio be surveyed as to the availability of w omen counsellors in high schools for planning curt. iculum programs and career preparation. and that boards b e pressured to hire female staff in May of 1 975 where there is no female counsellor available. The above ten re olutions deal with projects for Internationa Women's Year. Women who attended the sem nar wrote down which project(s) These they were intere ted in working on. lists were compiled by Helen Halet. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �The following resolutions are "CAMPAIGN" issues many of which were immediately dealt with by telegrams, etc. # 20 pressure for increased awareness and abolition of sex-stereotyping in materials and practices. (From the Federation of Women's Teachers Association, Thunder Bay). RESOLUTION # 11 protesting the displacement of Sue Findlay from her post as Chairperson of the Secretary of State Department's (See Herstory in this Women's Program. issue re: Sue's appeal). # 12 protesting th.e funding for conferences and advertising of IWY and the slogan "WHY NOT?". # 13 that pressure be put on the Federal Government to upgrade existing child care facilities and develop better child care programs. # 14 offer support and agitate for high quality health care and information facilities in an out-reaching manner for all Northwestern Ontario, highlighting women's needs. # 15 that the women of Northwestern Ontario campaign for a Candian stamp to commemorate IWY. #.16 protesting Otto Lang's recent stand on abortion and pressure for the removal of abortion from the Criminal Code. # 17 prior to the enacting of any new Family Property Law, it be subject to the scrutiny and criticism of all Ontario women. # 18 that the women of Northwestern Ontario campaign to pressure the Department of Labour to take a more active role in prosecuting violators of the Ontario Human Rights Code and the Empolyment Standards Act to actively seek out and investigate violations of the law. 19] # 21 collective action by women to urge the governments to respond and to cope with inflation and institute an inquiry into the cost of food, housing, etc. #-22 PLEDGE OF OUR NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO WOMEN'S CONFERENCE AS PART .OF THE PROGRAM FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR - 1975 1. Promoting the peace efforts of women's groups and other national and international organizations and encouraging on the part of all women of the world, the promotion of detente in the world, international peace and co-operation among states. (a) Combating, colonialism, neo-1 colonialism, foreign domination and alien subjugation, apartheid and racial discrimination. (b) The realization of the principal of the right of people to selfdetermination. (c) Dissemination of information concerning the United Nations charter and activities as well as the principle of international law. 2. Participation of women in safeguarding peace which would promote economic, social, cultural and political conditions that contribute to the advancement of the status of women and men. 3. Facilitating the free flow of information and ideas among countries having due regard for their sovereignty and non-intervention in their domestic affairs, on the contribution of.women as well as men to peace and promoting the # 19 pressure for a continuation and stepping up of the campaign for equal exchange of visits by women of different PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarkedcountries evaluationto copy of CVISION PDFCompressor study common problems. work for work of equal value. �FEMINIST NEWS SERVICE On December 27th, 28th and 29th, the first National Women's Press Conference was held in Saskatoon. (The second ane has been tentatively been scheduled in Winnipeg sometime in March.) Present at the Women's Press Conference were representatives of Women's Press, Women's Centres, Canadian Women's Educational Press, and newsletters from feminist organizations. We proposed to establish a Feminist News Service (FNS). We will be laying the groundsvotk for this in the next two months before the National Women's Centre Conference at which there will be a discussion of a news exchange. So, in other words, there are now two distinctly separate conferences being planned for the near future; one a Press Conference and the other a Women's Centre Conference, both of which will be devoting variable amounts of time to the organization of the Feminist News Service. To Be Televised: The Film "Would I 7741=7=rk", followed by a panel discussion on Da Care in Thunder Bay by Bonnie Ward, e en a et, a e Sikerbol, Julie Fels, Rose-Marie Neuman and Sandra Livingston will be televised Wednesday Feb. 26 at 6:00 PM - Thursday Feb. 27 0 8:30 PM Friday Feb; at 6:00 PM on Cbannel 7. Good communication between women's groups is necessary. Two examples of the need for communication are Otto Lang's interference with the Saskatoon Women's Centre grant from the Secretary of State did not become general knowledge in some cases for several months. Women's groups in British Columbia were dissatisfied with what government was doing with International Women's Year. They were informed that they were the only province complaining. It took two months to find out that most of the women's groups across Canada were also unhappy. The future of the Feminist News Service rests on participation of all women's groups across Canada. Although over 30 women were present at this conference from Victoria to Toronto, we felt that this was not complete enough representation for a national network. Therefore, at the next Feminist News Service Press Conference, we plan to have participation from all the groups in Canada. ... from "The Founding Mothers" of Feminist News Service (FNS), terminal in the Waterloo Women's Centre. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �HELP. IT HAPPE A Visual Arts °loot Tor NWO WomP- Two Thunder Bay women, Margeret Smith and Helli Emak, have applied to Secretary of State for funding to contact, organize, assist,: and promote women artists from al over North-western Ontario. The need for support and sommuniation between artists of this region has been acutely apparent to these two women, themselves artists and teachers. Female artists in North-western Ontario suffer because of isolation, lack of funding and publicity, and qualified instruction, criticism, and appreciatIon, as well encountering the traditional discouragement of serious endeavor of artistic women. Because this is International Women's Year, there is a budget set aside for this region to allow for the development of programs such as the one Margaret and Heili are proposing. Their project will reach. women presently producing visual arts (i.e. painting, sculpture, macrame, pottery, etc.) and will provide encouragement and exposure of their work® A van will travel to all NWO communities to exhibit or collect art, or to allow for the meeting and organization of women artists. The grand finale of this project is to be a week-long festival of NWO's visual arts produced by women. This festival will include workshops, and an exhibit of works that will be appraised in a constructive way by qualified people from all over Canada. If you have any Intercot or do any work in the field of visual art, please contact: Margaret Smith High St. Thunder Bay P Helli Emak 154 College St, Thunder Bay P can_ru see...? Do you want to see more women in politics? Do you want to learn more about politics? PHONE: Liz Jobbitt 939-2O7 and become involved t The #1 priority for International Women's Year as decided at the conference in November was to form an Information Carayan tp travel throughout North-western Ontario. If this project is to receive money and assistance from the Secretary of State it must be organized immediately. If you have time, energy, or ideas please contact Us immediately, The address Committee for Informatthn Caravan, North-western Ontario International Women's Year Council, Box 314, Thunder Bay F, ant jobbitt or: PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copyLiz of CVISION PDFCompressor 939-2057 �ON PERFECTION In man's world of skin Only face and form Are relevant, When choosing friend Or foe. And man has said That I am beautiful, "So close to perfection." He has said, That I should be Placed on a pedestal And displayed As in an auction Where the countance Counts and gold, And feelings fail to Sell. But do not ask me "What is perfection?" For I do not know, Yet in man's world Of sanity, Only mind-over-matter Is relevant, When choosing sane Or insane. And man has said That I am hideous Deformity, one he Dares not face. "So out of line" He has said That I should be Gotten rid of Like a prisoner, Gist into a dungeon Where living is Lying to creation And speaking is Sinning against Perfection But do not ask me "What is perfection?" For perfection Is inane. Kate Parkkari " The duties of a woman, because she is a woman, are great and she is expected to carry them out. If you want to be a creative artist and a decent soul, a "real" woman, and a "real" human being, then think you have to work a lot harder for it". Dora DePedery-Hunt Eclectic Eve January - HERSTORY -1975 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �COMING UP We are constantly being asked to provide speakers for many different occasions. It would be good if we could fill them all. It's encouraging to see so much interest because it's important that people begin to understand how women have been treated in the past and what we can now do to change it. It is also important that people see that those of us who have begun to learn are not what fear has made us out to be - bra-burning ball-crushers. It's also good in that, by doing these things we can all learn how to present our ideas to people without feeling that we are inadequate for the task. But naturally, that's how we all feel the first few times. For that reason it would be a good idea for people to have someone along for support and even better if that person has done some speaking previously. Here are the engagements that have been requested. If you can help in any way please call the centre, February 13 - Estella Friedlander and Lisa Bengston will be going to Atikokan to speak about International Women's Year. February 22 - There is to be an Intracultural Conference in Kenora. Rose-Marie Neuman and Linda Spenard are attending to participate in a discussion on Rape. Anyone else who is interested in attending please let them know as the could use a ride. March 14 & 15 - Nipigon is arranging workshops. Estella Friedlander and Lisa Bengston from Secretary of State will saeak at the dinner. Jeannette Johnson will be doing the Women in Herstory workshop. Anyone else who wants to go either to speak or listen should see these people. March 17 - There has been a request for a woman Women and Abuse. Anyone interested in doing the o speak on please call ua. March 25 - Rose-Marie Neuman will be speaking to a class at Westgate High School about Women and Sexuality. Anyone else interested, please call her. April 16 - Kenora has asked us to arrange workshops for women leaving high school. Topics of interest to them include: non-traditional careers, women in society, working women, women and the law (marriage). Julie Fells will be giving a workshop on Birth Control and Sexuality. Mar Thomlinson will be doing a section on women and the law and a career as a lawyer and Jeff Cryderman will be doing a talk on a career as a horsewoman. Anyone else who is interested in going to speak or just listen and learn and provide us with support please call Jacqui at the Centre© April ? Bonnie H (623-1918) has requested someone to lead a group discussion for the Women Teachers Federation at a day-long seminal. Anyone interested please call her. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Geraldton has requested speakers for the workshops they are having there for the purpose of starting a centre. We are Please expecting a letter from them with more particulars. call the centre all those who are interested. PROGRAMS It would be educational, interesting and fun to begin some programs at the centre. Anyone who is interested in participating in learning or teaching or helping to organize such programs please leave your name at the centre. MEETINGS We are trying to make the Thursday Night meetings educational and sociable. If you have any suggestions on subjects you would like to learn about, contact us and we'll be glad to help you organize a meeting around that topic. INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR COUNCIL Next meeting: February 22, 10 am, Confederation College Conference Dining Room, second floor - all welcome. Last Meeting Progress: Crisis Housing Brief is being presented to City Council soon. Two Theatre Groups, one amateur and erne professional, have applied for IWY funding. The Council has applied for a grant to hire a part-time secretary. Until then they still reed volunteer help... urgently. Ruth Cunningham attended the Manpower Conference at Quetico about redesigning jobs to employ women. Publicity help is needed. Atikokan and Kenora already have a publicity committee - we don't - HELP1 There will be a meeting February 19 at 7:30 pm at the Fort William "Y". PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Mothers On Bud ets out there. MOle has several committees formed in preparation for the Flea Market. Were all learning how to make and do NEW THINGS, Come on down any day or afternoon and sit and get acuainted. Remember, new members are always welcome. Our regular meetings are Wednesday night at 7 pm. Babyzitting is provided for those from 4 - 9 years. Our clothing depot is open Monday, ednesday and Friday from 1 till 4 pm. andEnyone on low-income can get clothes FREE. Maureen NOTES FRO4 YOU} ANSWERING SERVICE INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY The general meeting on Thursday, .February 6, was devoted to procuring ideas for international Women's Day. The program it was decided to work towards consists cf: Approaching the mayor to have him. make an official proclamation to the city of Thunder Bay that March 5 is International Women Day, Booking the Labour Centre as a place to have an IWD educational celebration, This has been done but the cost is high - $ 85 for the meeting room and more for anything else, such as a day care room. Suggestions are welcomed concerning organizations we can approach who may donate the cost as their contribution to International Women's Year. Creating a theatre program for the morning. A brief has been prepared requeeting $ 245 from the federal IWY funds for costumes, props, etc. The next step is to find some neat women's plays and do some practicing. Anyone who has play suggestions or Is interested in being involved, please phone us at the centre. It is important that this be done immediately as there's less than a month left in which to practice. Preparing an International Lunch, Mickey Murray has approached her group of the Congress of Canadian Women and one other who have agreed to supply some ethnic dishes. Please, we need more, because we hope advertising will bring a good turnout. ,And finally, arranging for some women's entertaining in the afternoon. We have received word that there will be some ethnic music and dance groups. In addition, Sharon Lund of Earthshine (623-1492) will be arranging for some womn folk singers. At the same time, that afternoon there will be book and craft displays. If you are interested in contributing ?lease call the centre and well put you in touch with the appropriate people. A letter has gone out containing this information to all Thunder Bay women's groups. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �WOMEN S 1NTRES CONFERENCE There is to be a Women1s Centres Conference here in Thunder Bay on the evening of February 28, end March 1 and 2, at the Royal The money is coming from the federal IWY funds. Edward Hotel. The purpose of it is to create a federation of Canadian Women's Centres and also to share problems and payoffs in the hope that we can improve the lot of the centres. Advisor- Committee Paul McRae's office has requested that we form an advosory body to supply him with input. Rose-Marie Neuman has arranged that and their first meeting is to be February 13. Lpeakia On February 6, Jeff Cryderman, Julie ?els, and Estella Friedlander spoke to a group of Jaycettes on the morality of abortion. ,Estella Friedlander spoke to TAB (Take A Also on Februar' Break), a women a group, on the women's movement. 0 0 */#1. On February 5, some 30 men and women picketed the Sports The issue concerned the Thunder Bay Female Celebrity Dinner. Atheists of the Year, Jeannie Tuomi. Ms. Tuomi was to be present at the event to recelve her award ... but that's all. Neither she nor her family or friends were allowed to attend the dinner or the festivities afterward, nor, for that matter, could she even be on the main floor of the Ortona Legion, where the event was held. She stayed in the basement with the Boy's Junior Baseball League. Reason, given: men's night out think we should arrange a white's night out. Some somments from men involved: one newsperson said the picketers should be put put in cages; Mickey Mantle - guest speaker at the dinner don't have this Women's Lib in Texas". It is the opinion of the picketers that sports is an area of interest to reces, colors, creeds, religions and sexes. CONGRATULATIONS On February ii, Lewy Smith was chosen by the Advisory Committee to the Women's Centre to be-tle new Crisis Worker. The previous worker in that capacity, Estella Friedlander, has moved to the Outreach position, Alison Tett is Child Care Worker, Georgina Garrett is Education Worker and Jacqui Beauregard is Office Worker. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY * MARCH 8th eee did International Women's Day come about? It arose out of the early struggles of women in the industrial countries for their rights as workers, as mothers and as citizens. It was on March 8, 1908 that women textile workers in New York went on strike against the exploitation and the intolerable conditions in the fire-trap sweatshops with placards bearing the slogans, "Votes for Women," "Higher Wages got Women," "We want bread and roses." Joined by immigrant mothers of the slum tenements of New York's east side and by the socialist women who were campaigning for votes for women and for women to join the needle trades unions, they gathered and marched on the streets in huge demonstrations. Jane Addams, the founder in 1899 of the first settlement house in the United States, author of Peace and Bread and outstanding humanitarian, gave leadership and support to the abolition of the sweatshop system and the organization of women workers in unions, realizing that world peace could only be assured under sonditions of economic justice. It was on her conviction of the need for ensuring the principles of economic justice and world peace, that, in 1915, she founded the International League for Peace and Freedom. Jane Addams was one of the most outsteeding and vigorous supporters for setting in motion the principlealpf this demonstration, for unionization, the demand for protective legislation such as workmen's unemployment and old age insurance, safety and health laws, as well as child labor, wage and hours laws. The strike of the New York textile workers and the success of the demonstrations came to be felt throughout the United States and other parts of the world. Itseffectiveness was recognized at the Second International Conference of Socialict Women in Copenhagen in 1910 attended by women from 17 countries, when Clara Zetkin, the great European socialist champion of women's rights and of peace, and leading figure in the Conferenoe, proposed that March 8 be set aside each year by the women of the world, as International Women's Day, a day in whoch women everywhere should demonstrate their solidarity against militarism and war, for full equality for women and for the security of the family. The celebration. of March 8 has thus become a great historical tradition- a demobstration of international importance in the unity of purpose for women everywhere in the struggle for the attainment of a world at peace. March 8, 1911, was the first International Women's Day celebrated in several countries. Since the end of the Second World War, which brought the defeat of Nazism, the women's international movement grows stronger from year to year. "Ry 1945 saw the greatest impetnW in the women's movement immediately on the heels of the victory over fascism, when in the spirit expressed by the women in Ravenebruck concentration camp to end war for all times, women from 14 countries came together in Paris to form the first international women's congress at which the Women's International Democratic Federation was born, pledging to mobilize the women of the world for a PDF compression, OCR,in webthe optimization a watermarked evaluation of CVISION lasting peace world, using to defend the rights of copy women and to PDFCompressor struggle �-2- ceaselessly for the protection of the faadly and children. The Women's International Democratic Federation is continuing in its pledge and to date has succeeded in mobilizing over 200 million women from 97 different couhtries, with-110 affiliated organizations, in its ever broadening program for unity in the struggle for peace, for freedom and independence of people, for equal status of women in economic life, for the security of the home and the human rights of children. In 1950 during the weekend of International Women's Day, the Congress of Individual women and represenCanadian Women held its first convention. tatives of women's organizations without regard to race, religion, politica beliefs or affiliation, were invited to partake in the program. Their efforts are mainly directed to petitioning for peace, for full employment, equal pay for equal work, higher old age pensions, for a full housing program and for a Canada-wide health plan. PLEASE NOTE: International Women's Day was modelled after Suffragette Day which fell on the last Sunday in February. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Lk global thunderclap to the. women of the world, who's voices will be heard long after International Women's Year. 2D o the Knights of Columbus. We ould like to see your organization pend the money you are wasting en "Fight abortion" billboards. TV programs and newspaper ads put to use helping children who are livinE and wanted instead of on the unborn and unwanted. . PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �over all women reaches that voice a of irtWiYRTFOr dollars Two Woman. Northern for postage and ink, � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 2 No 1 Description An account of the resource Vol. 2, No. 1 (January 1975) Title: The Northern Woman: The Birth of International Woman’s Year Topics include: Poetry Herstory (December 1974) Northwestern Ontario Information Caravan Women in the Workforce Thunder Bay Women’s Initiative & Grassroots Organizing Book Review Local Study Group Local Announcements & Events Local Resources Northwestern Ontario International Women’s Year Seminar Human Rights Code & Women in The Workforce Childcare Programs & Facilities Decriminalization of Abortion Peace Promotion & Support for Marginalized Groups National Women’s Press Conference Women Artists Mothers on Budgets International Women’s Day Authors/Contributors: Gert Beadle Georgina Garrett Judy Pain Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975-01 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2739/1975_Vol_2_No._2_CV01.pdf afe6294e6f3d2cc65b9349f071f91d7a PDF Text Text PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL POLICY The newsletter group, a separate yet supportive group of the Northern Women's Centre, reflects the complexity of the make up of the Northern Women's Centre as a whole. Being a smaller, unified group, the editorial board of The Northern Woman will attempt, through collective, creative ana thought provoking comments, to respond to, and express (through a concensus of opinion) their reactions to, various articles, letters, and timely topics of interest. Through such a policy it is hoped that The Northern Woman will become a tool for women to develop an increased understanding of their situation and forces affecting their lives. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL We are devoting this issue to children--our most valuable We hope you will enjoy our efforts, and that you will respond by writing to us expressing your opinions. _resource. Perhaps an accurate measure of a society's level of awareness could be its approach to the raising of children and the care afforded them. In 1959, the U.N. General Assembly adopted and proclaimed a Declaration of the Rights of the Child. The first article states explicitly that: WITHOUT ANY EXCEPTION WHATSOEVER, all children shall be entitled to these rights without distinction or discrimination on account of race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status whether of tirself or of tir family (see page for a discussion of the new pronouns). Some of these right: are: - special protection to enable children to develop fully in all aspects of life - the right to a name and nationality social security, adequate nutrition, housing and medical services - special care, treatment and education for handicapped children whether the condition be physical, mental or social - love, understanding, security in the family and society, with particular care given to those children without a family or to those without adequate means of support - full and equal opportunity in education, play and recreation - the child in all circumstances shall be among the first to receive protection and relief - protection against ell forms of neglect, cruelty and exploitation, and shall not be the subject of traffic in any form - protection from all discrimination and brought up in a spirit of friendship emong peoples and with the right to live in peace Even a brief glance at the policies of shows that all children are not permitted these different countries rights. For example, in North America, it often appears as though children are produced in order to have a never-ending supply of naive, trusting minds which large corporations can train (via television) to be consumers of PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �of cereals, smarties and Mattel toys. In many countries, children still spend, their entire lives being victims of sexism, poverty, racism and war--seldom experiencing anything but hunger, confusion and fear. Butesome nations take great pride in the potential of their children and see to it that every child, regardless of race, sex or status of birth, receives the higheatquality,nutrition,day care, education and, recreation. Such is .the ideal--what we are. strivinis.forsees where the burden of a Child's care is not pladed solely, on individual "parents,:where tha state too recognizes its responsibility to-the future generation. We have a long way te-got Women and men through out history have struggled to make their lives betters-adults are able to recoghtee their oppression, and ultimately fight against it. Children do not have the poi4er to fight, they are inevitably the victims. - We sometime delude ourselves into.thincing:that only other countries victimize the children. We forget esboutthe children of poor familiosewho cannot .complete their education because they must get jobs to help aupport,a large family, in the North who must eat mercury poisoned fishthe native children H Whilestheegovernment studies, the problem", or evens the female children who are "career counselled" into becoming nurses or teachers wSiile their brothers become doctors and principals. For many countries since 1949, June L has been.. celebrated as International Day for Children. On this day, women and men all over the world who are conscipus of their reoponsibility to defend the rights aLd happiness of children,, come together to evaluate the progress made to date and map out plans for future struggles. The Women's International Democratic Federation, in l965, expressed the-hope that "everywhere on earth, International Childreftls Day will become a day of struggle for children's rights. Let us insist 'on an end to all'aggressiOn of peoples. Let us fight for diaarmament, understanding and peace, because our children need peace as flowers need light. Perhaps we in Thunder Bay could make this June 1 a very special day by expanding the activities which have traditionally' been carried on by such organizations as the Congress of Canadian yomene' We' could examine carefully the questions of universal free -day care, sexrole stereotyping in schools, the fate of children in other countries, responsibility for childrearing in the family, on, children and advertising,' and many other childrelated Women and men interested-in working on such a project, contact us at the Northern Women's Centre, 2nd Floor, F.W. ., 622-3989. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Letter to the Editor Children: The Victims of War. We haveiheard much lately about the victims of the war in VietNam. The children were flown out of VietNam, their country, by (as President Ford put it) a Mission of unadoptables" (children of mixed blood or handicapped in some way) in our own country that are being passed over now because adopting a Vietnamese Mercy. child 'is fashionable. We must examine this situation carefully, from the perspective of the children who are being brought to countries such as Canada and ask ourselves why this has happened and what consequences it will have. First of all there is the matter of children being used as political footballs. All of a sudden, the welfare of these children has become of primary importance but where was all the concern when American Planes were bombing North VietNam and Cambodia? Surely there were children in those countries whose lives were endangered, who were orphaned by the war. Where was the Mission of Mercy then? Where arpo the missions of mercy for the.people of Chili who are being imprisoned and tortured by the military dictatorship or the 1500 Haitians who are presently in Canada living in fear of being deported back to their own country where they will be imprisoned or killed? And what of the fate of children who will be adopted by Canadians, Americans, or Australians? It goes without saying that these people must be concerned and loving people but we have many so-called It frightens me 3ust a little to think what will happen to these children when they are no longer "fashionable". Will they be rejected by our society because they are "different"? And what about the rights of these children to be raised in their own culture,in their own language, and with a pride in themselves as Vietnamese. We Canadians, no matter how well meaning we are cannot provide this if we are not part of that culture. Instead of using the money which governments apparently now have for financing adoptions why not use it for relief in the form of medical and food spplies in all areas of to chiidre Southeast Asia regardless of the government in power. Furthermore, if the Canadian government is prepared to adopt children who have suffered in the war, then maybe they should also be prepared to stop shipping war materials to the USA which then ships them to Saigon. If the children of IndoChina had been allowed to determine their own destiny from the beginning perhaps fewer children would be orphans today. Name witheld, on request. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Richard Parson cutilues the fipecific referral; that he considers eseential to the true liberation of all childron, including hie cm. Po m Mo Magazine March, 1974 The Right to Self eterisinatiori0 Children should have the right to decide the This is the basic right upon which all matters which affect them. rot directly. Children are now treeted ae the private property of their parents others depend. on the assumption that it iv the parents right and responsibility to control the life of the child. The achievement of children's rights however, would reduce the need for this control end bring about an end to the double standard of morals and behavioir for adults And children. 2121AatitIllihsEhative Romp Bnyiropments. Self-determining children should be able to choose from among a variety of arrangements: remidences operated by child- kinds of ren, child exchange programs, 24-hour child-care centers, and various their children schools and empoyment opportunities. Parents are not always good for 4 million children are abused annually in the some people estimate that ae many az children run away each year. United States, and that a half million 211221gtikEssp2hsive Dellee. Society must acoommodate itself to children's size . childand to their need for s7-Ife space. To keep them in thoir place, we now force actually desren to cope with a world that ia either net built to fit them, or ie for children, there If the environment were lees daneerous igned against them. would be less need for constant control and. supervision of children by adults. Infornatone A child oust have the richt to all information ordinarily that meaeo available to adelte--includine and perhapo especially, information adults uncomfortebly. The it Children ehoeld be free to design their own educThe Right to Educate (}we?I 1 ation, choosin free among rany options the kinds of learning experiences they Compulsory education want, including the option not to attend any eind of school. threatening quality of education in North must be abolished because the enforced sohool, to hate the subject matter, and tragAmerica has taught children to hate Children are programmed, tracked, and certified in a ically, to hate themseleer. standardized educated products acceptable to the university process of stamping out Education can change only through oommurity. military, business and ineleetry, and those exploitert and oppressed by it--the the the achievement of new rights for children themeelvea. Children should live free of physical Corporal punishment threat from those who are larger ane more powerful than they. is used impulsively and cruelly in the home, arbitrarily in the school, and sadIt does not belong in our repertoire of responses istically in penal institutions. dO-rt to children. The RiOt to Freedom fransical Punishment.. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �11122ight to Sexual "freedom. Chil.dren should have the right to conduct their sexual lives with no more restriction than adults. Sexual freedom for children must include the right to information about sex, the right to nonsexist education, and the In fact, right to all sexual activities that are legal among consenting adults. children will be best protected from sexual abuee when they have the right to refuse--but they are now trained not to refuse adults, to accept all forms of physical affection, and-to mistxust their own reactions to people. They are denied any information about their own sexuality or that of others. We keep them innocent and ignorant and then worry that they will not abe able to resist sexual approaches. The Right to ronomi c Power. Children should have the right to work, to acquire and manage money, to receive equal pay for equal work, to choose trade apprenticeship as an alternative to school, to gain promotion to leadership positions, to own property, to develop a credit record, to enter into binding contracts, to engage in enterprise, to obtain guaranteed support apatt from the family, to achieve financial independence. The Right to Political Power, Children should have the vote and be included in the decision-making procese. Eighty million children in the United States need the right to vote because adults do not vote in their behalf's At present they are no one's constituency and legislation reflects that lack of representation. To become a constituency they must have the right to vote. The Right to Justice. Children must have the guarantee of a fair trial with due process of law, an advocate to protect their rights against the parents as well as Every year a million children the system, and a uniform standard of detention. get into trouble with the law. One out of every nine children will go through the juvenile court system before the age of IS. At any given time about one hundred thousand children are in some kind of jail. Some are held illegally, many have not committed any kind of crime, most have done nothing that would be considered a crime if done by an adult, and none hal been given a fair trial with due process of law. The juvenile justice system vacs designed to protect children from the harsh treatment of the adult justice system - -but it is more unfair, more arbitrary, and more cruel. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �reports INTERNATIONAL WOKEN'S YEAR WOMEN'S CENTRE CONFERENCE For the first time, on Feb. 28, March let and 2nd, 1975, in Thunder Bay Ont., 85 women from women's and native *omen's centres from across Canada met to discuss the possibility of forming a. federation for communication and mutual support. Every province in Can. was represented. The idea, however, of forming a federation was rejected by the 47 voting delegates on the basis that such action would be too premature, and might be damaging to bring this heirarchical structure and defined image upon ourselves before we require such a vast mechanism. The following are a list of motions which were CARRIED: (a) That there be established an Internal National Communications Network )etween Women's Centres (b) That the Clearinghouse for Feminist Media investigate the need. for an archival resource centre and be asked to collect material and be responsive to Women's Centres (c) That we support the Feminist News Service (d) That ae a temporary measure each centre regionally and or culturally affiliated, appoint a 'Jason person to form an emergency phone link (e) That an annual general meeting be held next year at which time we will discuss the communication!: network (f) That we strongly support regional and, cultural affiliations for those centres wishing it HOW THE COKKUNICATIONS NETWORK WORKS some cases maybe on either side. This contact will continue across the country. Each liason Centre then makes a collect call to every Women's Centre in its area, but the call must not be accepted hang -up and phone back the Liason Centre for the message. This divides up the costs of the calls between individual Centres. Any Centre responding to an Emergency call must supply feedback to the Centre originating the call concerning the specifics of any action that they have taken. The originator of the Emergency action must then correlate the feedback and inform the Liason Centres of the results, they will in turn inform the,) Centres within their region...GOT THAT???? et On the eve of International Women's Day, March 7, a. message was relayed across the country from St. John's Newfoundland to Victoria, B.C., to test the Emergency network. FROM TEE NORTHERN WO °S CENTRE LOG BOOK March 7, 1975 .. Two telephone calls from Ottawa, one in French and one in English, with the following message: Ahnee! Le roseau Nellie eat bien in vie et va de levant. Legalite pour nos soeurs, Ahnee! Network Nellie is alive and well and marching fcrward. Equality for our sisters. Happy Birthday to our Emergency Telephone Linkup! Hippy International Wamen's Dar. This meeeage rae panse6 by us to the Li aeon Centre wept of ue, Winnipeg, and to cur area Centres or contacts in North Bay, Kenora, Nipigon, Dryden, Sioux Lookout, Atikokan and Geraldton. It is for Eeergency only. The origif there are any other Centres or contacts inator of an emergency call contacts their who wish to be a part of Network Nellie, regional Liason Centre, who will in turn please contactcopy us, of ifCVISION you are PDFCompressor in Northern PDF contact compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation the nearest Liason Centre, which in Ontario. �WEEKSND SEMINARS IN NIPIGON 5111.11111111. Ou March 14 and 15th, a core group if t,,out seven women organised a two-day seminar in Wipigon with the intention of growth for women, awareness of International Women's Year,. and sisterhood with other women. The weekend started off with an excellent talk on Women in History by Jeannette Johnson, followed by a question and answer period. The evening ended with a wine and cheese social. The next morning the women reassembled to hoar a talk on nutrition by Barbara Lalonde follewed,by a talk and demonstration by S. Sittlinger en making a glutin substitute meat recipe. Cary Hansen spoke on health foods. Site followed with a talk on ideas behind Yoga, and followed this with a Yoga demonstration. After Imnch, the women reassembled to hear a. wztel discussion. Lillian Wolter introduced each member before they talked about their experiences of being a female perilciratnt in their fieldoof work. Present were Mary Tomlinson who spoke about Women In Lay., Ve Lindsay, whet talked about women in %dministiation, Maureen Harvey on Creative Homemakers, Sister Gaye, on women in the Church, Grace lemurs an women in politics and L. Kruger, who spoke on women in the O.P.P. ftezca. The women broke off into discussion groups and returned later to have their group 3 a.ders report on ideas brought out in their diecnesionsi An evident lack of time prevented the discussion groups from pursuing interesting and exciting discussions. The discussion groups broke off and the women went into individual workshops. They were cc:uprise& of a) b) Comeer film en self breast-examination Cardiac resuscitation demonstration 0 Display from the Bookstop, Thunder Bay d) e) f) 111 local Library display Nerthern Women's Centre (Thunder Bay) display Art Club display Arts and Crafts by the local Craft Guild Pankins by June Jeeffreys i) Teacher's Federation Films en 'Sports and Women' Nutrition film and display j k Yoga workshop 1 Daily exercise routine for women In the evening, a supper was held at the United Church basement with Lisa Bengtsson and Estella Friedlander as guest speakers. Free day care was available. Both wine and cheese and dinner were subsidised in order to make then abailable for all interested women. Over the two-day period, 123 women signed our guest book, including some guests from Thunder Bay and Geraldton. RAPE CRISIS, gailligh ATTENTION: Need has already been established for a Rape Crisis Centre. We have dealt with several cases but with the opening of the harbor this summer more volunteers are urgently needed to deal with potential cases. Volunteers are needed now for driving, counselling and handling the telephone on a rotating basis. When enough volunteers are available a training workshop will be offered to introduce you to the legalities, socializations, basic interactions, and simple telephone procedures. Presently we are operating only from 9 AM to 5 PM but with _your help we can make this a 24 hour service. The Rape Crisis Phone Number is ,623 -11L63 and should be used only for a crisis. To volunteer your help please contact the Northern Women's Centre at 622-3989. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �10 THE BU ON In spite of much publicity regarding the government's spending for Internatienal Women's Year, many women are still not aware of the reasons behind the refusal of most women to wear the "Why Not" button. As far back as last July women's groups and individuals, were questioning the spending of $500,000 and the hiring-of a male dominated firm (Ronalds-Reynolds) for the publicity campaign. The campaign was endorsed by Health and Welfare minister Marc Lalonde, who is also the minister responsible for women's programs. The whole campaign is geared around a outs catch-phrase 'Why Not'. (Why not let women be a bit more equal, what have we got to lose? etc.) On Dec. 18, 1974, a protest was sent to the Federal Government as a result of Northwestern Ontaric IWY seminal- which unanimously adopted the following resolutions 'Whereas we protest the funding of an image oriented promotional campaign and where we cannot accept the -logan 'Why Not?', which we feel is negative, ambiguous, frivolous and offensive and where aa we see no need for a large administrative buudget THIREFORE be it resolved that this seminar express our objection to the Federal Government.- and further we would strongly recommend, instead of allocating money for conferences, and advertising, that the Federal Government use these resources to fund the campaigns and projects by the women in various provinces and regions.' The Toronto Globe and Mail (Tarn 25, 1975 creates Prime Minister Trudeau'e sexist comments which were made after being queetioned about criticism by two women Liberals--"thats the trouble with ladies, they bitch.after the fact". (Thats the trouble with prime ministers--they don't got their facts straight".) The principle issue is why were women not,asked. International Women's Year is for women. We have not been asked how we -thought funds should be spent--we have been told. Why not cancel the advertising campaign; use the money thus saved to provide day care or scholarships for women to become doctors, lawyers, administrators, a 1TH T" [2Ggnift) Nornen Unite on May 10th! qu 0( wok oC vilugt4016e qttess 4o luortm cAllickckre 2. 3. Evivol 'this In 4 Sole 5. 6. ed Ne 'WO% (4,1.4.01 4))( oM 4 ion 4.0m 4t.C.nrtins.1 Cc nm f 4 law £ fit: Vcni ofamteJer MEMO FROM MAY 10thMARCH COMMITTEE c/oYWCA, eo WOODLAWN AVE. E. ,TORONTO Dear Friends, In an effort to ensure that International Women's Year does not turn out to be all talk and no ; ,e. action...we. have chosen to concentrate on these five major issues. Only united action will show the government of this country the strength and support of the women's movement and emphasize the issues which women believe require action both. locally and nationally. We urge you to organize a march or other action in your area for May 10th or to band together with other groups for a regional demonstration. seen. -- advertising executives? WHY NOT. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ATTENTION LESBIAN WOMEN'-_ In early February two local women and two women from out of town met and pooled their resources (financial and otherwise) to open a club in Thunder Bay. It was _ really a first for Thunder Bay as the club membership is open only to Lesbian women and Homosexual men. It opened offioially the weekend of International Women's Day(March 7,8) which, whether it was coincidental or not, " . Tentative plans are being made now to offer activities from Such day to Thursday ranging from dancing lessons to sports (floor hockey, badminton, Judo lessone) and card games (ie. Bridge). New suggestions for activities are always welcome. It's been rather slow-moving 1, to this point as scele people still seem to feel reluctant to offer their support. The manage,---------was pretty close to the point of being totally discouraged until a sister from out of town visited one weekend and left a note in the suggestion box saying "TO THY, GREAT GODLESS: Thank tDeee seemed like a great time. ment for it to happen. Gay people in this city, prior to this, had no other place where they could go and feel safe, comfortable and relaxed about expressing their sexuality - even through dancing - with the person or people they chose to be with. Membership is closed to prevent the entry of any curiosity seekers and to protect the anonymity of the clientele. New peale can come in if they can satisfy the people at the door that they are "sympathetic" towards the objectives of the club. For the present the weekend is the most active time at the club. Friday night there are coffee= houses and the managers are trying to establish a weekly program for this time which hopefully will include live entertainment, films and speakers. Every Saturday night there is a dance held and they've managed to obtain liquor licences, making it possible for beer and alcohol to be served. f s:stors 14.,:o worked to get this place together and keep those friends and coins coming."' It was a great lift. So to all those brothers and sisters interested, COME OUT ! !...fcr friendship, support and fun. For any further enquiries as e location of the club (it can't b. public for obvious reason) or any other questions or cencerne, cant the Northern Wemen's Centre at 622 3989 and one of the people tLcr, will put you in teurh with someone who can answe.c. Jour ciestions. "If you want higher consciousness I'll tell you what to do. Yougot to talk to a woman Get her to talk to you. You got to bta.ild you a union and make it strong And if we all stick together girls it won't be long..." (Women's Music Network Women's Wax Works, 1974) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �See Dick Run, See ane Sit LAX AD BOARD OF EDUCATION COMMITTEE ON SEX ROLE STEREOTYPING This committee is finally of the ground -committes members are..Davn St. Arland, John Halet, Joan Halonen, Stan Dromisky, Ihor Kosyra, Diane Fawcett, Hugh Cook, Jean Robinson, Susan Garrett, Ed Prinselaar, Ruth Cunningham, Levy Smith. The first priority of this committee is to become aware of the extent of sexism in arias of the school agates such as, textbooks, staffing practises, curriculua, special education, classroom practises and physical education. I AM DEAD, BUT YOU ARE MY SON, YOU WILL DISCOVER WHY WE EXIST. I DIE, BUT YOU ARE MY DAUGHTER, YOU WILL GIVE BIRTH TO OTHER DREAMERS... Read at a display of the National Museum of Man and the Natural Sciences - - Ottawa Girls need things fix Boys fix things'using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor PDF compression, OCR, web optimization �TEN fo ol-Tom, Emmy iw6 ru.ERIN TIE f stni et Li ANSI Thrytt. STAND ALL stmt. .1 At 'vote iTtt1Mt.0 MA1 i 1 OM ft,EDGLAN 6 you% tMtww, T 1102-10claie TALLth Tty Tb Aelt N.L itKat. 11it WU- RAVE VS lb LIA0,11 TOE tat te go- TO *VC, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �elDrn4 Ch dren's Books The Second Sex, Junior Division By ELIZABETH FISHER We live in a sexist society. Almost . obviously, are female. Hens, too. In from birth we are indoctrinated with "Rosie's Walk" by Pat Hutchins a the notion of male superiority and hen walks unscathed and unnoticing female inferiority, male rights and through all kinds of dangers-refemale duties. It is in the earliest enforcing the stereotype that nothing years that children form images of ever happens to she's. Sylvia the their worth, their future roles, the Sloth is the heroine of a not unpleasconscious and unconscious expecta- ing book. Somehow the female Sill, tions placed upon them. Investigating mall tend to be those whose names books for young children in book are synonyms of derogation. Petunia stores and libraries I found an almost the Goose, Frances the Badger incredible conspiracy of conditioning. suspect the choice of these animals Boys' achievement drive is encour- reflects the low esteem in which aged; girls' is cut off. Boys are women are held. A rhinoceros is brought up to express themselves; male, a hippopotamus female. Leo -I all too often defines them. They were producers who functioned in -agricul- ture and home industries such as spinning and weaving, who worked side by side with their men. Evidently the folk tales survive because they have certain psychological validities. In the more modern downgrading of the female, not only are animals generally male, but personifications of the inanimate-machines, boats, engines, tractors, trains, automobiles -are almost invariably so. In life, ships are she's; In picture books- - Little Toot, Max's boat Max in aonni's snail in '"The Biggest House "Where the Wild Things Are" the female ranges from dull to dethe World" is a he who has a have yet to come across one that was grading to invisible. father but no mother, in clear contra- not a he. Automobiles, at least in Since females comprise 51 per cent version of biology. France where the Citroen D. S. IS Only in Noah's Ark does Biblical (deesse-goddess) is highly admired, of the population of the United States, one would expect them to be equally authority enforce equal representa- are often thought of as feminine, but -I girls to please. The general image of represented in the world of picture tion for males and females. Except not by picture-book authors and ilbooks. On the contrary they vary be- for Random House's "Pop-up Noah," lustrators. One exception to the masculinity of machines was written back in 1939 when Virginia Lee Bur- tween 20 and 30 per cent. There which has eliminated Mrs. Noah and were five times as many males in does not show the animals in equal the titles as there were females, four distribution on the cover - males a right edge of course. The times as many boys, men, or male have wives of Ham, Sheri) and Japheth, animals pictured as there were fe- present in the Old Testament, were ton created Mike Mulligan and his steam shovel Mary Anne. This marked absence of the female applies even more strongly to books missing from all three children's ver- about blacks. Analogies between racsions I examined. Things hav s come ism and sexism date back before the to a pretty pass when one has to go 19th century: both Mary Wolistoneto the Old Testament for an upgrad- craft and Thomas Paine compare three major prizewinners for this ing of the female. black slavery to female slavery. In year, displayed together on a table at It should be mentioned that folk this country the woman's rights Brentano's, were all about males: tales tend to treat women somewhat movement of the 19th century grew "Sounder" about a black boy by Wil- better than do books with contempo- out of the Abolitionist movement, asliam Armstrong, "A Day of Pleasure" rary settings. Possibly this is because today's Women's Liberation Moveby 1. B. Singer, and "Sylvester and the former are often based on themes ment relates to the Ciyil Rights Movethe Magic Pebble" by William Steig. of come-uppance and vindication of ment. History repeats itself. Just as Where are all the missing females? the underdog, spontaneous products black men achieved enfranchisement Have they been exposed to the ele- of wish fulfillment and the uncon- long before black or white women, so ments, as with primitive tribes? Or scious, while the latter are written in the picture-book world have blacks are they sequestered behind walls, to please or to sell. After all, although achieved integration with whites and as in Southern Italy or the Near Fast? Hansel comes up with the device of representation for themselves withThis preponderance of males is not dropping pebbles so that he and out a corresponding integration for limited to humans. Animals in books Gretel can find their way home, it is the female, black or white. One of are male for the most part. Elephants, Gretel who disposes of the witch by the earliest (Continued on Page Z) bears, lions, tigers are males or, as in pushing her into the oven. Wives are the Balm books, isolated females are smarter than their husbands, and woMiss Fisher is a writer and shown in the company of a majority men make fools of the powerful. The editor of Aphra, a feminist magazine of males. In the veld it is the female folk tales reflect a pre-industrial NaA Fontinkt Litelaty lion who does all the work; in the ture where, though women may not All lit A, 1c o; 33:2, picture-book world she doesn't exist. have had equality, they did play vital St» nt. NOM There are some books about female functioning roles. They were not con Know Inc. animals, and an occasional reference suming or sexual objects, justified P. 0. Box 10197 to the female ofOCR, the species. Cows, only byusing motherhood, as today's world PDF compression, web optimization a watermarked evaluationPittsburgh, copy of CVISION Pa. 15232 PDFCompressor males. In special displays the situation was even worse. The fantasy worlds of Maurice Sendak and Dr. Seuss are almost entirely male. The (412) 681 -3400 �ci xi toy soldiers ano eitntite while a girl is on the ground trains. Two female enimata re- watching. Successive pages play with a tea set and a dolt Hole" about black and white same might be said for myand show a boy fishing, a boy roll- In the Scarry orchestra, out of sponses to Suzuki Beane boys swimming together, and in leaves, and another hold- 28 animals playing instrusince then there have been a Eloise, both of whom are pre- ing ing a rake, while a big girl ments, the two females were sented as highly exceptional. I was overwhelmed en'eree in this direction was anuievitz, And the gratefulness. with "Swimming Beim's Jerrold spate of books about blacks and whites and about blacks alone. But the only picture book I found about a black girl was Jacob Lawrence's "Harriet and the Promised Land" based on Harriet Tubman's life. Ezra Jack Keats has done several Though there have been women doctors in this country for over a hundred years, and pediatrics is one of their preferred specialties, there is not a single woman doctor to be found. Women are nurses, librarians, high up in a tree balancing leading a small boy walks by. assigned those drawing - room a double-page spread clichés, the piano and the with a huge tree in the center harp. The percentage in the pictures seven boys and three New York Philharmonic is no Then girls. One of the latter is on better, but at least there the the ground, helping a little boy women play cello and bass up into the tree; the other two viol. Many pages had only males as protagonists, but tha picture books about small boys, teachers-but the principal is are on low limbs close in to one page which showed only the main trunk. The boys are always male. They have emoand a recent one of his, "A women was . .. what else? "In Letter to Amy," does bring in a tions; they get angry; they dis- shown adventuring, one hang- the Kitchen." The most infuing from a rope, the other five girl, but irr a token and not al- agree; they smile; they approve climbing way out or high up. riating page was entitled together flattering way. Peter or disapprove; they want to "Things We Do." Melee in is bringing Amy a letter to in- please. What they do not do is Other pictures show a boy Scarry's book world dig, build, in the sand, a boy in vite her, the only girl, to his act. Boys do; girls are---a highly drawing break, push, pull and do 15 birthday party, when he bumps artificial and unsatisfactory di- a tree, and boys planting trees. other active things, includine Note that there are 19 boys into her accidentally. Amy runs chotomy. eat. The only two nines teaway in tears. Later, the other In a country where over 40 pictured to eight girls. do are watch and :sit boys say, "Ugh! A girl at the per cent of the women work, I Another seemingly innocent males What kind of world will a know of only one picture book book is William Steig's "CM," party!" but she comes anyway. girl educated on Scarry One little girl can make it in about working mothers, Eve a clever pun-puzzle book with little expect to grow into? It's a meaMerriam's "Mommies at Work." diaby captioned pictures a group of boys, from Robin ger, thankless, and urirewo.:-..,Hood's Maid Marian on down But it wasn't in stock in any of through the centuries, but she'd the book stores I visited. However, while commendablebetter know her place. Virginia Woolf pointed out there are Mommies who split that throughout literature wo- atoms, build bridges, direct TV men were generally shown only shows, who are dancers, teachin relation to men, and this is ers, writers and doctors-it is still true in the picture-book also highly apologetic. The end, world. Friendship between boys "all Mommies loving the best is much touted; friendship be- of all to be your very own tween boys and girls is fre- Mommy and coming home to quent; but friendship between you," (my italics) gives it away. girls gets less attention, though We don't feel the need to say surely this is a norm In life. about Daddy that he loves his The frequent depiction of one children more than his work. girl in a group of boys would Couldn't Mommy matter-ofseem to represent wish fulfill- factly like working and baby, ment for girls as well as boys. too, as Fm sure many do? A boy is considered unmanly No boys and girls must get logue in letters. This is a funwonder bet', ny book but implicit attitudes ing prospect. Noidentify with about girls and women are re- boys. and girls vealed. There are twice as the boy's role in life. Particularly sad is the n!3° many pictures of boys as girls in the book, and the girls tend alization that these books is to be passive or helpers. When Perpetrated by women as wale they do anything, they do it as men-women authors, ill badly or are discomfitted. A trators and children's ,7.1e,4,.k...boy is shown on skates; the itors. There are very good reagirt has fallen down. A girl sons why women so ofiaer no turns a somersault, but it "fawn like the sprite" doesn't agree with her, she is phrase is Mary ;.,- enistonecralt's dizzy. A girl dancing in a -but isn't it about time we field of flowers is an excep- stopped? It's true that till rani tion and, giddy from the un- men have had all the orover, tesual activity, she Is in ec- and in a world steeped in pa- are angry fe- triarchy, women internte;ee tie_ males, several of them, but no notion of female .iufeeh: in a group of females, but a girl the message-it's all right to angry males. Male work is re- and transmit it to he Lee who achieves acceptance in a work, but only if your work spected; a boy tells a man generation, perpettetig 111-z group of boys has evidently is subordinated to your role as writing at a desk, "If you're cycle. But awareness is co raised herself, the exception mother. What does it matter busy, I'll run away." Women us. The task of bringing wt glthat proves the rule of general that that will last twenty years are never shown in this con- en up to full human status is Stacy. There and the rest of your life may text; they are at everybody's Since there are so few fe- well be spent as supernumer- service. A woman tells formales in the picture-book ary, doing some kind of busy tunes - the supernatural has world, one would think they'd work? Or semitrained and at offered one of the few exciting be very busy, but such is not the bottom of the labor heap? outlets for women down not going to be easy To start here, however, at the earliest years, should bring reauns. not do. They do not drive cars. thers, and children, instead of Movement, One of the worst offenders Though children see their moth- the simple sharing we could ers driving all the time not a achieve if men and women In this brainwashing about single description or picture of were taught to expand their roles and expectations has, Women: A Journal of Libera- female inferiority. Protests about the retro grade situation have alter:fly the case. What they do is highly This is the kind of contradiction through the ages, and witches risen in the Women's Liberaan limited; more to the point is the that produces guilt and neu- and still making it, in and out tion Movement, incite: sheer unreality of what they do rotic conflicts in mothers, fa- of the Women's Liberation article in the first. issue of a woman driver could I find. roles. perhaps, the most influence- tion. Women movement are ar!!!:., writing new children's books. A confeeence is planned to educate c%iidren's book editors. Several groups have protected orire eiae school -textbooks and "Sesame Street" to some effect. The dedicatee. quarterly Aphra In the world today women are A few other books, selected Richard Scarry. His "Best Word executives, jockeys, stockbrok- not entirely at random, will Book Ever" is a big illustrated ers, taiddrivers, steelworkers, show some of the methods by dictionary with the Scarry in picture books these are non- which children are indoctrinat- trademark, humanized animals, ed at an early age with stereo- demonstrating meanings and existent. Little girls in picture books types about male activity and activities. Scarry's male-fe- part of each issue to fesonliet tend to be passive, though female passivity, male involve- male divisions are scarifying: criticism of various aspects of sometimes manipulative. They ment with things, women's many more males, naturally, our culture, with articles en walk, read, or dream. They sel- with emotions, male dominance but they really do get to do child-care books and chilleenni dom ride bicycles; if they do, it and female subordination. "A everything. Toys, for example, television in prospect. As the is seated behind a boy as in Tree Is Nice" by Janice Wry, are defined by showing 13 movement grows, so will the Dr. Seuss's "One Fish, Two Fish, illustrated by Marc Simont, male animals playing with ex- protests. Editors and authors PDF compression, web optimization using is a actually watermarked evaluation of CVISION take note. PDFCompressor Better meet chance citing toys-a tricycle,copy blocks, Red Fish, Blue OCR, Fish." When I seemingly innocent, came across a little girl sailing devastating when analyzed castle, scooter and rocking now, head on, than be forced �PARENTS ANONYMOUS 4111411~11.. Parents Anonymous is a self-help group of parents who offer immediate relief to other parents who feel they are abusing or neglecting their children. We offer a telephone service (heart line) to the troubled parents. 'Through this they can release their frustrations, anger and tempers over the telephone rather than on their children. Our basic concept is that parents helping each ether to help themselves can use the continuous communication through the telephone and the meetings to try to change our habits on a day to day basis. Parents Anonymous is a non-profit group, completely autonomous and all services are free. "IN THIS COUNTRY WHERE THERE ARE SEVERAL STRONG, WELL-ORGANIZED ANTIABORTION LOBBIES FOR THE PROTECTION CF UNBORN FETUSES, WEI ISN'T THERE EVEN ONE CITIZEN LOBBY CONCERNED ABOUT PROTECTING LIVING HUMAN BEINGS THAT SUFFER IN SILENCE AND QUITE OFTEN ARE SLOWLY TORTURED UNTIL THEY FINALLY DIE?" Doris Anderson Editor Chatelaine Can spank not strike, husband told KINGHORN. Scotland (Reu- ter) - Alexander Ratt lay was fined $11.5J for hitting his wife's face-but be could have smacked her bottom with impunity, said. a magistrate here Magistrate George MacKay told Rattlay, 26, "it is a wellfact that you can strike your wife's bottom if known Our basic rules of privacy and confidentiality are strictly followed. In Parents Anonymous we owe our allegiance soley to ourselves, to our children and to the effectiveness of our service. Hopefully, our efforts will be beneficial to ourselves and our children. Our primary objective is the rehabilitation of damaged relationships between parents and children. This will be done by instilling within the parents the strength and selfconfidence to re-chanel our destructive attitudes and actions into constructive ones by changing our habits on a day to day basis. Parents are welcome to attend closed meetings every Monday at 6:00 PM. If you are call 683-3220 after 6:00PM Monday to Friday. BUT I LOVE HIM I But I love him Her beaten face against his chest But I love him Her pain chills the air Don't take the baby please Please Please I but I lov it's your fault, you wouldn't listen - - - you asked for it you deserve this punishment of being my wife - - mother woman, our sister but I love him Come I say, I want to help please please please but I love him! I hope they come and get their kid soon I don't want to get involved wish, but you must not strike her on the face." "r believe that reasonable chastisement should be the duty OCR, of everyweb husband if his by Estella a long hard day! PDF compression, optimization using a watermarked evaluation after copy of CVISION PDFCompressor wife misbehaves," he said. you �REPORT: N.W.O. International Women's Year Co-ordinating CouncilMarch 22nd, 1975 If you are not already aware, N.W.O. has a council to co-ordinate projects for I.W.Y. in Northwestern Ontario. This council evolved out of the seminar held in Thunder Bay in Nov. 1974. On the following page is a map which represents the communities that the council is attempting to involve. Presently the majority of communities are represented on the council and constant attempts are being made to involve all of N.W.O. The Council meets on a monthly basis here in Thunder Bay on a Saturday from 10;00 - 5:00 at Confederation College. The purpose of these meetings is to draw together the communities in N.W.O. in an effort to a) identify area concerns and needs b) actions necessary to meet such needs c) the role that the council can play in meeting such needs The major project now underway is the I.W.Y. Travelling Caravan. This project's starting date is May 1st and will continue until midSeptember on a $10,000.00 budget. The $10,000.00 was a grant received from the Secretary of State, Women's programs-I.W.Y. Provincial Funding. This travelling caravan will carry information on: Health care, Legal concerns of women and children, Women in the work force, Sex-role stereotyping, Education .... and much, much more. Watch For Us.... We will be visiting you. For further information please contact the I.W.Y. Council at P.O. BOX 314, THUNDER BAY F, Ontario. A second project now un is the Crisis Housing for` and children. Tentative boi os (2). are being investigato City Council has been moo', responsive. Hopefully the ,W0 houses (in co-operation with the Ministry of Community and Social Services) will be underway before long. For more information write to Mary Tomlinson C/O I.W.Y. Council. A third project now underway is the History of Pioneer Women of N.W.O. A committee has been formed and is headed by Mickey Murray who also can be contacted cjo I.W.Y. Council. GET INVOLVED. A fourth project underway is the compiling of an "Information Booklet" listing all women's groups in N.W.O. aria- the functions and services that they provide within their respective communities. If you are involved in a Women's Group and wish to be involved in this project please contact the I.W.Y. Council. The next meeting to take place is on April 26th. If you have any issues or concerns that you feel should be brought up at this meeting please write to us ahead of time. The purpose of the N.W.O. International Women's Year Coordinating Council is to be a voice of women and women's concerns. We offer our support and would like to encourage your participation. INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR is for ALL people. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �LEGIS ATION TO MAKE IT HAPPEN The Women's Teachers Federation held a Women in Politics conference April 23 at the Royal Edward Hotel. Kay Sigurjonsson addressed over 200 women, and the one man in attendance. She said it matters not if women are making progress in the media, management or any other traditionally male occupations. The advances are insignificant if the final outcome or policies are determined by men. Nationally, politics affect every cause that women are fighting for. Ms. Sigurjonsson has been approached by three of the existing parties to run for office, but very frankly, the "boys club atmosphere of the House is not for her. Hopefully, other women who can tolerate the boredom, bickering and pettyness of the members, will not let this deter them from becoming involved. We need more women in the House who will support women's issues and who have a good grasp of the overall needs of the Nation. Women who do not wish to run for office can still take political action said Ms. Sigurjonsson. Women have political clout that is not being used: petitions and letters are tools for lobbying and for applying pressure to government. After the speech, the participants assembled in smaller groups for discussion Women were urged not to let this evening be the end of their interest in politics. A Women in Politics questionnaire was distributed by the Northwestern Ontario I.W.Y. Co-ordinating Council, this being one of their priorities. The questionnaire is designed to assist the Federation to plan another progremme as soon as possible; hopefully before the next election. GET INVOLVED, write the Council, Box 314, T.B.F., or phone 622-989. HAPPY INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR The following is a letter which was sent to women throughoUt the region: On March let and 2nd approximately 70 representatives from various Women's Centres from across Canada met in Thunder Bay for a two day conference. We' are sending along a report of this conference compiled by Kitchener/ Waterloo Women's Place. The importance of developing strong regional communication as a 'first step' to a country-wide communications network was realize and so we are contacting you in th hope that you will be willing to take on the responsibility of contact person for women in your community who are now organized or who may some day organize around concerns of women. If you cannot be our 'contact person', please le us know and/or refer us to another woman. We will attempt to share wit you information about our activitt (our newsletter is one source), as well as whatever information that we receive via the nationwide communications network dubbed Network Nellie (after Nellie Monty set up at the Women's Centres conference. Hopefully, you will devote some of your energy in keeping us informed of events, attitudes and concerns of women in your communit Who knows, someday soon we might a get together in the district for of own regional conference. Anyone want to plan this? Happy International Women's Year. In strength and sisterhood, CONGRATULATIONS Ruth Cook on winning the handcrafted afghan we raffled recently. The rest of you make arrangements to buy Estella Friedlander tickets on the next one; we'll draw for Northern Women's Centre it June 12 at the Policy Meeting. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �W}{ TELEVISION MAKES ATTORNEY- I WAS A CHILD I PLAYED WITH THE BOYS GENERAL SICK-US TOO In a Chronicle-Journal art; c le recently, Attorney-General, John Clement, was quoted as saying, hI watch less television these days because I'm frankly sickened by what I see". He was referring to the violence to which we are all subjected. Even shows whose format was once fairly bland have been revised to cater to the ever-escalating demand for murder and destruction- shows like Adam 12 and Kung Fu for instance. Unfortunately, the viewing audience includes very young and impressionable children. John Clement stated, "There are more murders in a few hours of prime time television than there are in Toronto in a year." Further, he estimated that the average 15-year old has seen more than 13,000 killings on television. How does this affect our children? Researchers have shown that children are affected by filmed aggression. When the situation permiTS, they often model specific aspects of the behaviour they watched. For instance, children who watched films of an adult who kicked and jumped on a life-size, inflatable doll, very often im3,tated the specific actions when given the actual doll. There were similar effects even when the films featured cartoon characters; the effects were more dramatic if the filmed aggressors were male, and if they were rewarded for their behaviour, or if they were not punished. On television, the aggressors are most often male, and very often they are supposedly the "good guys" who reap considerable rewards. cow VA when I was a child I played with the boys and (because I was only a girl) they made me be the Indians y name was Pox Women and they hunted me like doge my name was White Bird and I flew to escape them my name was Last Star the last of my people my name was Sunset for they caught me and burned me my name was Won't Talk for I never betrayed us time after time the boys shot me down and I came back Red Witch wild and chanting came back Ghost Dance came back Bad Dream came back an't Forget and Crazy-With-Grief I know where they went those boys with their guns they're still hunting Indians look you can see, their names are Spills Blood and Kills-Without-Mercy from Ms Magazine by Mary Mackey 1975 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �A44CierNeAr Cce"eetti, ct) And what about the victims of all this aggression? Although it seems as though every group is victimized on television, we are very concerned about how women are so often assault0 and brutalized. Our children notAlearn that aggression is statistically normal, but also that the recipients of this aggression are too often female. (If you doubt this, just count the number of times women are hit or thrown about on your television screen.) The values of our society are learned by children not only through parental guidance and example. The media also presents a picture of our culture and our values. What are the values our children see on television? They see that brutal and assaultive behaviour is often respected and rewarded. It all helps to perpetuate the "macho" image of males, and it pushes us further down the road of dehumaniLation. CHILDREN 1A1_14A When one suggests that children can be raised outside of marriage, the audience looks horrified, as if such unmarried parents would be inflicting pain deliberately on their children. Indeed, the notion that children should be raised within the nuclear family structure in MO reinforced that one wondered if children raised in a group family before the institution of monogamous marriage came into being felt vaguely uncemfortable; or if two people have children within marriage for the sheer gratification of knowing they're "doing the right thing," That wondering must be done either facetiously or naively, for the nuclear family provides an unhealthy atmosphere in which to noise children. Undoubtable there are unpleasant alternatives, but to suggest that marriage provides the bent environment is the result of narrow thinking. Foesibilities for non-restricting, Joyous and creative child-rearing exist, but for the most part, outside of marriage as it is structured today. Why must the raising of a child be limited to two people, and within that relationship, narrowed almost exclusively to the biological mother? Nebulous questions are raised about the child's need for "secerity".. However it has frequently been pointed out by the most conservative of °experts" that children in a family are much better off if their father participates in active, positive ways in the children's liven. Thiel suggests that another person can benefit the child's growth immensely. Why tan the child not have the benefit of inter-reaction with several adults, and non-biological brothers and sisters? Why should this create felling.* of insecurity, when before the development of increased mobility and suburban sprawl with its "little boxes" made for the nuclear family unit, the "extended" family produced unneurotic children, probably more happy than those of today. If a child had other adults besided its parents to turn to when troubled; if it had other people it could relate to maturely and responsibly; if it had playmates when it needed them, yet privacy if so desired, there would be no "generation gap"--the irrecon- PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �eilable alienation of the child from The generation gap is only parents. the direct result et children raised within the uncommunicative atmosphere of the nuclear family. Let us examine the relationship of the child to the parent in a nuclear family. A child is with its mother and only its mother for most of its waking houre. When its father comes home from work, he is too tired to appreciate his child, and its mother is tired of its company4ocrying and constantly fulfilling its reeds, so it is put to bed, its crying ignored as much as possible. "(A married woman's) child is too much cared for, too diligently regarded during the day and, when her husband returns from work, soon banished from the adult world to his bed, so that Daddy can relax, The Oedipal situation which is always duplicated in marriage is now intensified to a degree which Freud would have found appalling. Father is very really a rival and a atranger. During the day the child may be is certain is that there has been too much attention from one person who is entirely at his disposal. The intimacy between mother and child is not sustaining and healthy. The child learns to exploit his mother's accessibility, badgering her with question and demands which are not of any real consequence to him,.blaokmailing her into buying sweets and carrying him. Depend10 ence does not mean love!" If women weren't conditioned to nk that the problems of "postpartum blues", "housewife syndrome", and resentment towards her children and husband were their own fault instead of the "situationa" the "situation" would change, and motherhood could allow true A woman is a human being fulfillment. before she is female, and thus her need for growth, intellectual stimulation and the company of adults doesn't cease with the event of pregnancy. Georgine Garrett -Mlit,'64,79114.1.*V.,100,81,W,gteWS00421%t HI LDREN -----.1111etia-a&urettearkotionR a A WHAT THEY LIVE child lives with criticism s/he learns to condemn, If a child lives with s/he learns to fight, hostility The seeds of sex role playing and male chauvinism start early and are planted in subtle ways. t'arents f he is abet, like all small children, sensitive and gets his feelings hurt easily, you will make him asharnedof his /he If a /he f a /he I a s/he f a s/he If a sensitivity anti react to hurt feelings by becoming super-obnoxious and bullying. Or he may start to withdraw. Little boys should be exposed to dolls, :if a lache pretty objects and attractive clothes, just as little girls should be exposed to toy cars, mechanical toys, and f a /he do this without even realising they are contributing to the perpetuation of this bullshit. The child will want to repeat dime actions you acknowledge with your approval, spoken or otherwise, and will try to repress those reactions for which you show disapproval or which you ignore,. If you only express pride in your son being big, tough, loud and aggressive, and refuse to acknowledge that may blue jeans. If a child lives with ridicule learns to be shy, child lives with shame feel guilty, learns t child lives with tolerance learns to be patient, child lives with encouragement learns confidence, child lives with praise learns to appreciate, child. lives with fairness learns justice, child lives with security learns to have faith, child lives with approval learns to like her/himseIf. child lives with acceptan,- a.r. :.l friendship Cie learns to find love in the Peci tkorunkrLi or ltd Ta.mvssaiikongis PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �There was a young woman who swallowed a lie We all know why she swallowed that lie, Perhaps she'll die. There was a young. woman who swallowed a rule, live to nerve others, she learned it; in school. She swallowed the rule to hold up the lie....perhaps she'll die. There was a young woman who swallowed some fluff, Lipstick & candy & power & puff. She swallowed the fluff to sweeten the rule, She swallowed the rule to hold up the lie, We all know why she swallowed that lie...... Perhaps she'll die. There was a young woman who swallowed a line, di like fivit dumb, baby, you suit me fine.v She swallowed the line to tie to the fluff. She swallowed the fluff to sweeten the rule, She swallowed the rule to hold up the Perhaps she'll die. There was was a young woman who swallowed a pill. Might have said no hut she hadn't the will. She swallowed the pill to go with the line, She swallowed the line to tie up the fluff. She swallowed the fluff to sweeten the rule. She swallowed the rule to hold up the Perhaps she'll die. There was a young woman who swallowed a ring. Looked like a prinGess & felt like a thing. She swallowed the ring to make up for the pill. ........ etc ........ Perhaps she'll die. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �There was a young woman who swallowed some Spook.- 'Stay at home mother, take care or the flock' She swallowed the Spook to go with the ring ....... etc ....... ne day this young woman woke up &sale swallowed so much ' I wish I were dead. swallowed the Spook...... etc rhaps I'll die. - She ran to her sister, it wasn't too late to be liberated -- regurgitate. She thoW up the Spook, She threw up the ring, looked like a princess & felt like a thing, She threw up the pill, and she threw up the lint. II like tem dumb baby, you suit me fin 00 She threw up the fluff & she threw up the rule. 'Live to serve others,' she learned it in school. And at last she threw up the lies. We all know why she threw up that lie....... She will not die0 N, WICKS Ala mot Cinders' *AIM: Bert it, ;rale tteuelnist,, and take your slipper with yAss, THE GLOBE AND MAL" THURSDAY, APRIL 17, 1915 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �as I tuned to :72-emerset on TV, ' 7rd a male actor say to the netress who pays hiE wife something went like this: "you have to etav hone with eurta:. yet unborn) ehij.d. He deserves your fullest love ar.:7 attention. Psvchologists have that the mother is necessary t'elat even the first few weeks are Unfertanately, the-line psychologists is largely Thved to be truce,a,7en by pshol" But this is changing, andG0 libenatien shu),d help n the pnocess. one child he studied had been hospitalized for 9 months, and the parents had not been allowed to visit ever. Bowiby lid not take this into account, nor did he mention the effects of the illness itself, the kind of care the child received in the hospital (rir=iw mueh was it played with, :7alked te, etc.) The only thing Bowlby felt inc)ined to talk abeut was the Nother child e a pa:i' -1tin4, A ;e11nd eye has a)vays been turnar3 to the other factors 5n tho ,;11(-4 t.sf instittlr-nuif.zed children. ha 7e last thei:e Mace ehildren who is toebe-heldneost ren- eeble fer the belief that the .natra7 thesingle-most --ertant element in the child7s life John.Bowlby, He has written on the subject end was supportes n.fl'antial as the Organizat!en. Moot of =: was do17, the 195Ols and researchers have attempted to his questionable assumptions i r:?cia7::ch is enmplicated neo other than lust the motherrelatonshin, and the ooneluJust dolat hold wat-ere. el eve; 'hat the mother-child 'e esc-nti-14. for thl , mentat henithc, The offe3ts caratien (7-rLicu) before of 5) are extensivo and eeible. According to him, the are snr.., aocrehensi) and they suffer fro incoar la and of appetite; aad they evidence -al ors social interaet"_on. children are also elera like'y delinquents. Zou that all the children -1)-_ ''_od were raised in institutions ,in separation frem iqom occurred ne they lin,! been hospitalized, pare:.-ce ;threug'r Cea!-,h, they may haee been "neaten and taken away fro their nar.3nts, or any 'ether of a number of reasons, Yet all their pi-oblems are suggested to be a result of meithar-enhi)d sepanation, The. prcef for the conclusions is One study showed that 54% of 500 delinquents studied had full time mothers, and 46% had working m&,hers, These often :ull of w-)les. rumbee suggest fall time otheis hare a cv,eaten chance of rai3'..-,g delinquents, but the re?esnehers concluded that oni:ing women were in sons ';-nn7 respons ible for Colin- qneneyt mother; When in doebt, blame the TILJe as-.e -any waye in wnich cM1Jren may be rs.nea-.: groups, so ind4.vidua1 women reed not asEneme the fall burden of responsibility, and so that eaci, woman need not dup:liente en e OWD; the work done by every other woman. In soela7.ist enuntnIes ;here the children are the responsibility of the collective, in the kibbr- ,lm of isnael, and in our onn day -are centres, such a situntion ex-sts. :lora people sre looking at these forms of child care in a new d'd not take into aceou.t any ;tied are beginning to write other factors which wena),d those ebildren, Fe v example, of the possible benefits for both mother and 0.-.5.1d. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �The prevailing attitude regarding motherhood is designed to keep women at home, and off the labour market-except in times of war and national emergency. When we are no longer reeed, we're sent packing back to our kitchens. Dr. Bowiby (remember him?) believed women are responsible for providing their children with constant attention day and night, 7 days a week, and 365 days in the year. If the child must be hospitalized, maybe the mother ehould go tool Thus tho psychology profession has worked to keep. women tied to the home and their children. Instead of looking at just the motherchild relationship, we should be looking at all the things which help children to grow. We should look at things like paternal deprivation (one study showed that paternal deprivation occurred 5 times more often among an Pritario reform school population than did maternal deprivation); also the need for adult models of either sex; consistency in child care; the individual differences and needs with 1.ch each of us is born, and how we can best meet those needs; the kind of handling and the amount of handling and stimulation each child needs. The emphasis should be on how we can best raise children-what kind of things are important and necessary. The emphasis should not be on the mother-child relationship alone. Women are beginning to question whether or not motherhood must mean a neverending round cf diapers, dinnev:4 and dishes. A lot of us believe many of these j:Je-jobs can be socialized (taken off cur hands), The question is, "how many" and "how can we do it", For instance, we might have government-Tun cafeterias; laundries and child care centres. The cost would be minimal and the service excellent. In China, where the children are the responsibility of the Collective they are taught among other values to care for each other. The focus is on eo-operation. What is important is that the goals of child care are made very clear to everyone involved. What are the goals in our system? In our children, we stress an out-dated concept cf masculinity and feminity which incorporates to varying degrees, aggressiveness, competition and emotionality. If we all work together, maybe we can come up with something which gives Canada's children a truly equal chance to grow and learn. Our present system of day care is haphazard and over-burdened. How can we, as women, feel really free to choose a career, when it must be at the expense of cur children? When will the alternative be worth having? I believe it is possiblo once we have excellent day care available to everyone. For this to happen, we must exert pressure on the people in power to divert money and energy to this area. Come to Women's Centre and help us write a brief to government. Call up the Social Planning Council they have put together a survey which is supposed to identify the needs of our community with regard to day care. Write to your local MP and tell him if you're dissatisfied with existing facilities. - PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Women's Right to Choose In conjunction with a crossnumerous abortions as pregnancy Canada Day of Protest, a workshop occurs. We feel that there are and demonstration took place, here, very few women who really like in Thunder Bay, on Saturday, April the idea of abortion, but the The message of these events 12th. need to be allowed the last resort was Abortion Lair Repeal and the alternative of abortion makes tno release of Dr. Morgentaler. "right to choose" approach necCentering on the issue of essary. morality, Jacqui Beauregard considered such questions as: Is abortion murder? Will it lead to euthanasia or loss of respect for life? and Will it become another method of Birth Control? The concensus reached by the 30 -40 people in attendance was that morality is a personal e ncern -,r and that legislation individual morality is insulting, unjust and unnecessary. The effective analogy of a fetus to a kqueprin'-, used by Jacqui, pointed out the argument for early abortion. The longer the delay in termination of pregnancy the more developed is the blueprint for life. Quality of life or humanity was also considered. The decision to abort an unwanted pregnancy shows more respect for life than the alternative of an unwanted, unplanned pregnancy which brings pain, both emotional and physical to the woman involved as well as an unwanted child. As well as chairing the workshop, Valerie Packota discussed the legalities of ab r.:1_1- the ineffectiveness of present legislation of inconsistent Also because on the agenda at Satu-,day's application and vague workshop was a interpretation discussion of the of the definition of "health". Dr. Morgentaler case. Quebec TheCourt argument which suggests of Appeals overturned a that a woman would useverdict abortion Montreal jury acquitting as a method of birth control Dr. Morgentaler. An appeal by implies Dr. thatMorgentaler women irrespons to the Supreme and needCourt legislation to resulted control in his of Canada them lest they run ott and have being sentenced to 18 months in Bordeaux Prison. Dr. Morgentaler is a reformist, in favor of repeal of abortion law. Acting on his personal conscience, Or. Morgentaler performed abortions PDF compression, OCR,patients, web optimization usingin a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor on his acting accord with their needs and in �Women' AlEht_to Choose (rontid) Demonstrators moved do downtown Thunder Bay North to continue the protest. April 12th was considered a National Day of Mourning for Dr. Henry Morgentaler, for all women who suf.tered and died at the hand- of butcher abortionists, and for the death of the Canadian Bill of Rights. L lizer !:411. Lew PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �FREE TO BE. .YOU AND ME 1972 Bell Records, available on loan from THE NORTHERN WOMEN'S CENTRE Children's Books Available from the This joyous album of songs and stories for children and other people gives the movement toward true equality between the sexes a gentle push in the direction of the future. The concepts of Free To Be..are the essence of peoples liberation. WILLIAM'S DOLL, IT'S ALRIGHT TO CRY, PARENTS ARE PEOPLE, ATLANTA, to name a few of the pieces, help us to recognize that the new male and female image will emerge in coming generations if children can be freed from the stereotypes of the past that have been taken seriously for centuries. The new father burps his baby, and the new mother has other interests besides her young child, but parents as a team remain solidly basic. Frankly..both hate housecleaning, but women may now say so, and doing the chores together is recommended. FREE TO BE..YOU AND ME is a courageous first attempt at breaking new ground in areas of concern to children and adults alike. It starts from a base line of respect for the right of all human beings to be themselves without too much concern for what boys do as boys, or girls as girls. By raising doubts about traditional restrictive models for man and women alike, the record opens up for children the happy vista that all individuals, male or female, are people above all. The Sheep Book by Carman Good Year, The story of a farmer and her sheep. NORTHERN WOWS CENTRE LIBRARY Joshua's Day by Sandra Lucas Surowiecki. Joshua learns to cope with anger at his day oars centre. Exactly Like Me by Lynn Phillips. A lively story about an independent girl who is proud of what she is. Did You Ever. A rhyme which invites children to try out a variety of activities' Martin's Father A young boy and his father engage in play and household activities together. Jo, Flo, & Yolanda. The story of triplets who reveal their individuality. Carlotta and the Scientist. A penguin sidetracks to adventure on her way to gather fish for her husband and baby. Grown-Ups Cr- Too, For all ages. Lathing But a Dot by Bobbi Katz. 112221EltyGirls and Bon by Eve Nirrias. The Double Mirror, The Mushrooming House and I'm a Child of the City by Esther Sokolov Fine. Inaloosiak and the Grizzly Bear. (from the 0.I.S.E. Women's Kit) Nand- and ti,EIe/LiL2ifjUby BeverAey Allinson. Emcniltualstin by Jan Andrews If you would like your own copy of any of these books, inquire at the omen's Centre. We have the ordering addresses and respective prices. Rost are under *2,00 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �DAY CARE Is there a need for more day care in Thunder Bay? The Lakehead Social Planning Council conducted a survey during July and August of 1974 and concluded 'YES', more child care services are greatly needed. Many respondents expressed groat concern over the inadequate, unsatisfactory arrangements they found necessary to make, due to a lack of quality day care. Based on the results of the survey, the L.S.P.C. presented number of recommendations to the City, community agencies and school boards, urging them to work either directly or co-operatively in order to: 1) expand municipal day nursery facilities. 2) provide infant care, and investigate the possibility of associating a centre with Senior Citizens facilities. 3) allocate space in all new apartment and housing developments for child care, 4) operate one day care centre 24 hours per day, 7 days per week. 5) provide before and after school and lunch hour programs. 6) provide emergency service. 7) provide subsidies for homemakers service. 8) hire a Child are Co-ordinator, to maintain a reference for all availablenehildecare sereicen, 9) advertise existing services. 10) provide a service for students and staff of Confederation College and Lakehead University. 11) provide child care programs in places of employment, . Beeponse by the City has been quite faverable and plsna for '76 include; 2 additional municipal day care centres, a day care centre associated with Grandview Lodge, Home for the Aged, 1 additional Private Home Day Care Supervisor, a child care co-ordinator, 2 after-school programs, rn by Parks and Recreation. The Thunder Bay Chamber of Commerce has formed a Child Day Care Committee to investigate employer responsibility in child care as well as allocation of space in new housing and apartment developments for child care. Both Boards of Education will be distributing a questionnaire via the students, to obtain specific data on the need for lunch hour and after school programs. A Handbook of Available Services for Children is presently being compiled, and should be available by the end of June. For further information, contact Kate Sikerbol at the Lekehead Social Planning Council, 995 Memorial Avenue, 344-1841. 1 m 1.he - lT-1 amlnist News Service has announced its existence and will attempt to present women's news , without the traditional biases of other media groups. Ten regional irepresentatives will coutrlhut material via the Waterloo headquarters. This bilingual news agency is currently seeking donations. Anyone interested in learning about the service, or wanting to subscribe IcqAtact Wpm I's Ceatmi PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 4 �Northern Women'e Centre P.O. Box 314 Thender Bay, Ont, March 21, 1975 e Minieistor Trudeau: All Members of Parleamentt We believe that a realistic approach should be taken towards cue half the population of Canada. We have heard that nothing should hold back women from achievire their full potential. We are now wondering whether government etatements regarding women are really concerned with the iesues or whether they are solely propaganda distributed across Canada because it is International Women's Year. It is time for action, not words If women are to take a meaningful place in Canada then all aspects of women must be considered. Women are only ac strong as their youngest child. Lack of day care cannot help but limit the options open to women. One cannot think about choices open to women without considering their children. We strongly advocate increasing tax deductible child care cost from $500 per child to a minim= of $1,200 per cheld. $1,200 is the very minimum that a family might spend in caring for one child when both parents are not at home. Fathers, in exceptional cases, mey claim the child care deduction. We believe however, that if this deduction Is not open to all fathers, as well as the mother, it is a form of sexual discrimination which contravenes the Canedien Bill of Right's. Since either parent is allowed to pay income tax on government child allowances then tax dedeetable child care coats should also be able to be claimed by either parent, when both form a functioning family unit. At present, only a working parent may claim these deductable expenses, the parent who is a student should not be penalized. By disallowing this privilege to student parents, the pattern of low paying jobs may be re-enforced, at many parents would not be able to pay both high tuition fees and child care costs. Such action on the governents part may be considered to be irresponsible as valuable minds are not able to receive necessary training in order for them to make the best possible contribution to their community. In thia way, the government by their 19th oeetury practices, are contributine to the "Brain Drain." The wyman who stays home to rear hor children is doing a valuable job to her country. She is raising young citizens who will eventeally interact within their community. She has had the difficult teak of transferming self-gratifying infants into socially responsible adults. In spite of her arduous and formidable tase, she receives very little compensation or eneamragement from her society. We strongly advocate that such othere who remain home with their children should receive all Canada Pension Plan end Unemployment Insurance contributions from the beginning of the last trimester of pregnancy (or when she leaves work) until her child is a least 2 years of age (or until she returns to the work force.) Only- by such meaeures will all Canadian citizens maintain a sense of pride in themseines as human being*, and as Canadians. The force of the woman's vote can topple unresponsible and uncaring governments or can strengthen encouraging gevernments. The power of our vote potential has been too long ignored. We are no longer prepared to allow members of parliament with unrealistic views of women to rule, Canada with 19th century e.tttudas It is time to write 20th century social laws and convention on the statute books. Jenny Beck (Thie petition it presently in cieculation. Pleatse collect as many eignaturec as eoseible, on the reverse side, and return to the Northern Wenen's Centre. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �WE, THE UNDERSIGNED. 217nITIaq roh TUE "FOLLOWING; 1. THAT TAX IXDUCTABLE CHILD CARE COSTS SHOULD BE INCREASED FROM MO. PER YEAR PER CHILD TO A MINUMIN OF $1,200. A YEAR PEh CHILD; 2. THAT THIS TAX EOMPTION SHOULD BE ALLOWABLE TO EITOR FATHER OR MOTHS?; 3. THAT THIS IMEMPTION SHOULD BE ABLE TO BE CLAIMED BY PARENTS WHO ARE STUDENTS AS WELL AS SALARIED PARENTS; MAT SUCH EMIRS WHO REMAIN HOKE WITH MIR CHILDREN SHOULD RECEIVE ALL CANADA PENSION PLO AND UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE CONTRIBUTIONS. 4. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �drinks the given the Soft children in and his hamburgers, school are being delight of millions American children behavior modifyingofdrugs. may have In hidden side-effects. the past five or six years, Dr. Ben.he says Feingold, a San Francisco allergy specialhe has treated approximately one hundred s hyperactive cases. any of these children often characterized in early infancy as "crib rockers" and described later as rva"frenetic" or exhibiting compulsive berohavior like beating their heads against at wills- -had already been put on drugs. cRitalin or amphetamines make adults s more active. But they slow hyperactive children down. The scientific explanation is of this pheriomonon is still conjectural. In about 80% of the cases in which the children had already been put on drugs, y Feingold found out that once the children % had been put on a diet which cut out artifical food colorings and flavorings, it was possible to completely discontinue the drugs without adverse behavioral reactions. On the same diet, about 50-60% es of the hyperactive children not already ut on drugs returned to normal. Why are food additives so all pervasive in our food? Simple. The more vadditives, "the higher the potential profitmargin," writes Food Engineering, a leading trade journal. The nation's top food, drug and chemi, a cal corporations have developed synthetic iladditives into over a $500 million a year business, churning out close to a billion pounds of them in 1970. Additives cut w manufacturing costs. Cakes that once needed eggs and butter need only tiny n amounts of synthetic flavoring and colorrol ing and emulsifier. Fruit juices no mply And often the price of longer need fruit. those "convenience foods" is more, even though the cost of producing them is less. atAn average child's breakfast ie loaded with nonessential flavors and colors added to entice the child. Then the that conscientious and concerned parent gives e the child vitamins, usually chewable, which are also loaded with additives. Feingold notes that over the last 10 or years, the increase in the profitability lo of producing flavors and soft drinks paof rallels the increased incidence of hyperactivity and learning difficulties among school children. her-self Nov, 1974 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Sc art date. he At the behest of several irate American mothers, we recently paid a visit to one of New York's largest toy stores, The Dumpling Shop, to inspect their new line of baby-dolls this being the source and object of the petition. g. Shop against the simple abstractioncf material greed and commercial exploitation which daily confront us--these are part and parml of the system, dues of the freedom club and cheap at the price. Surely, however, we do Ilave a right to ask: have we really so depleted exploitation that it has come to this? And moreover, where then is it to end? One is forced to wonder, even to speculate with dread, What next? Little Victor Vomit? Little Katy Ka-Ka? Don Diarrhea? Sill Sammy Shoot-Off?!!! No, we cannot, will not, buy its Our answer to Mrs. Leyton-Reims: Yes, you may indeed count on us. Our presses and our staff stand ready to shoulder a man-size burden in carrying your cause forward, which by our light, is also the cause of every right-thinking parent throughout this grand "It is quite unspeakable," wrote Mrs. Leyton-Reims of Westchester. "My club is taking action. May we count on you?" it is, of course, a bit off the track for a freethought magazine like our Realist to become involved in controversy of this sort, Still, what's the use of it all if you can't take a stand occasionally, at least on matters of cultural importance. After all, these are serious times- East and West locked in dynamic struggle, our own culture land. faltering, indeed at times floundering, in a sea of cynicism and failing beliefs, youth desperately seeking values--so that it was with a heavy heart that we came away from The Dumpling Shop, after having seen the item in question, namely: the so-called Little Cathy Curse Doll-Complete with Teeny Tampons. This "doll", we were blandly assured by the management, is merely a "logical follow-up" on last season's highly successful Tina Tiny Tears--The Naughty Nappy Doll ("She Cries Real Tears and Wets Her Beddr). Whether or not it is a "logical follow-up" is, at least in cur opinion, not the principal issue, at hand; the principal issue is that of taste, or responsibility, and of common decency. On these three counts we judge both The Dumpling Shop and the manufactures of green Review the Little Cathy use Doll to be in serious default. The lavisth arrangements for the display of this so-called doll occupy a prominent section of The Dumpling Shop's smart fourth floor. Stretched overhead is a huge colorful circle-like banner which features a happy little girl holding the doll and exclaiming crossly: "Why, Cathy Curse, I do believe you're staining! I think you'd better have fresh panties and a teeny tampon!" Certainly it would be naive in the extreme to raise shrill and pious protest PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ILLEGITIMATE CHIL1I3i Being aft unmennied mother I waa interested in reading an article in Weekend Magazine Vol. 23, No. 21, 26th May 1973, 'Children Who Aren't'. After reading over the poeition I had. put_ my natural born een. in, first let me share IMMO of the comments with pea, 'Children Who Aren't' speaks about illegitimate children, or children who are born oeteide a legal merriege. "In Canada, Legitimacy Act in all provincee sort, grade end label ehildren with no more feeling than in tho grading of hogn or egge. To be graded as legitimate, one's parents have been or believed they h been, legally married, or have had the carriage annulled, Adopted children aloe qualify. Al) other children ate un- ut lawfUltlh "If Emily (an illegitimate child) had been berm in Nee Realend or Denmark er Bolivia, Sweden, or a_ host of ether cauntries with updated laws, she wouldn't hare been expoeed to euch emotional or financial indignities (contesting a eill). In those places the legal concept of illegitimacy hee been eliminated, and all children are equal before the lawo regardlese ef the conditions of their birth. In the UE, recent nourt docisiond have held that such diecriminetions against children is uncenetitetional." In a ruling- where a relative made preteision fox 'ay sister's ehild, Reancy" the judge agre*d Rodney enould not Inherit; "Obviously" he amid in effect, "Aunt Marion didn't knew Redney was illegitimate, if she had the moat certaiely would have onid 'my sieter'e 117aeiltimata child, Redney'; add had alas known the boy wee illegitieate shn might well not have left her money to hint" siders bastards the children of anyone." The court recognize that the law ie out of harmon with present-day social policy, but they feel it is their duty to intro pret the lac, riot make it." Some countriee like New Zealaad and Norway, give all children equal right? without dietinctions and regardiese of legitimacy. In 1967 the United Nations adopted, at a basic human right, the principle that every pereon, once his filiation has been eatabliehed, hall have the same legal status es a person born in wedlock. nee years later, Canada still has not accepted this basic. creed. Canada ranks among the unjust and the barbaric with respect to legitimacy lawc." Tha above, at mentioned, were from an article by Frances Porteue; after reading I found that I was in en unesual position, being the mother (unmarried) of one netrral born child and one adopted I sought legal advice. I was given child. a legal paper to read and quote from it the followinge "A bastard or illegitimate child is one born out of lawful wedlock. The legal peeition of the illegitimate child was, under he COMMOA 1nal, very different and more restrietei than that of the leaitimate child. at common law nn illegitimate is nellius filliue (the son of nobody) and cannot therefore, he rise-andante or collaterale (cannot lawrully inherit from father). Statute law has, however, changed this to a large degres. (This scunds geed but in, in fact, very cow. plicated, ac the child can only claim if paternity bee been proved and if there is now widow or lEelful issue.) At coon law an illegitimate is nulliue filliur and, therefore, aacendante or oollaterale cannot inherit from him--his only heirs are the heirs to hie body. This peeition hes been cempletly revereed by utatute as both the intestate succeseion Act and the Wills Act declare An illegitimate child to be treated as if he were the legitimate child of his mother." In my case then it is clear that my natural born child is labelled as the %ince the nobility had trouble Leeping bloodline paro, it eam decided that to preserve the order of inherite ance those born (nitride of wedlock ehouId be censidered to be "nobedy'a child." This basic premiae was eeaffiruen in Canada AB recently et the 30s, when the courts ueed as precede cent a catee from 1742 where, t judge eeeeened, "I know of no esee that conPDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �*4.1eitft9~.±MAISMIONA,A.ORMIUMY WHAT ARE OUR CHILDREN WORTH? 'son of nobody is this too the state of ay adopted child? Apparently not The case for universal, free "An_111231-LnIp child beeomes le-itimday care ate when he is admiztl, Section 0,i, of] the Child Well Act tatee that for al4 There is an ever-increasing purposes an adopted child becomes upon demand for day care. Each of the two adoption the child of the adopting municipal centeee in Thunder Bay have parent and the adopting parent becomes welting lists of approximately 100 the parent of the child a if the child Parents are generaaly dishas been born to that -rarer.: In 1a7117satisfied with both the quantity and wedlock." quality of existing day care. Therefore my eecond child is lege One possible solution is to open itimate; a eimple solution then, I doptS up day care centres along the costmy natural born child and thereby legcutting principles of Colonel Senders itimise him. Not so easy, armed with all and Ronald McDonald. In C-nada, this information T. appreathed a social where we feel health care is not an worker at our local branch of Health and area where huge profits should be Social Development, she was completely made, should we not protect child sympathetic and offered to approach the care also? judge who handles Adoption hearings. Th When corners are cut, it will be answer came recently; while he was famat the expense of our children: their iliar with my case (having granted my meals, poorly paid staff, huge adult/ first application for adoption) he had child ratios, minimal toys and equipnever heard of such a thing--a mother ment. True, we can always legislate adopting her own child in order to legagainst really bad conditions, but itimize him!1! To which I reply You the laws will only set minimal may never have heard of this pracedure standards. One way we can ensure before, but it is perfectly legal, for optimal conditions is to have our the obvious and following roasono government take care of child care. "The effect of legitimation is elect., Then we can look after the best the child becomes legitimate from birth interests of our children, free of the "far all purposes" or "for all purposes profit motive. And we can make child of the law of the Provinces." (notable care available to everyone--not just exception 8.7 Legitimacy Act)" th people who pers. 1 JRS UP Lethbridge Alberta (A Women's Place Publication) can afford it. In New York, in June 1970, there was a conference for business execuIves entitled "Profit possibilities in Day Care". We must move quickly to prevent such a free-for-all when it is the development and education of our children which is at stake. Another solution is to have companies offer child care to their employees. Or danger here is that the companies can offer such services as fringe benefits, with a view to getting unpaid oveettme, rotation shift work and fewer demands for raises/promotions. Again, if the government assumes the responsibility, we can avoid this problem Demand of your federal MP that he work to get us universal, free day care. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �WHY BOYCOTT KRA 'CO? D Our aim in launching this boycott is to put the National Farmers Union into a 4A10 position to bargain loilectively on bebe half of oar dairy producers, for a price on the milk they ship, just as workers in a trade union bargain for their wages. 64si $ ttha Ws7 We have picked Kraft to boycott because ( tvt)s it is the corporation that dominates the field. If we can get it to the. bargaining table we will have made a break through that can be broadened to the rest of the industry. th 16 0 rrern'tst tosittt of rmflitm 1? r `teroutitrcitien ,t0 Vleetetf, v4 gct% , tee* cicoe gl ,c'pAt :-.;:s to nwtk ,w4ni, rqtst ws ivs.;ftk4 d,%1 dyer, wrivA, {? kar 1\14 7 We decided upon a boycott after years of frustration with few results. We started out with good arguments, We approached the Canadian Dairy Commission, the Ontario Milk Commission and the Onto aria Milk Marketing Board with facts and figures to show that milk shippers weren't being paid enough and that the dairy industry, could afford to pay more out of the enormous profits taken from our polite hearings and nothing more We learned through this and other experiences that these marketing agencies, which are supposed to be for the benefit of the farmers, are nothing more than fronts and agencies for the big monopolies. We asked Kraft to meet with us but they, turned us down cold. So we set up a picket line around a Kraft plant and received tremendous support from the truckers who refused to cross our line. However, they were threatened by the company agent, the Ontario Milk. Marketing Board, and. we were threatened with eninjuction. so we took our pickets off. Even though we won a pay increase, it isn't enough. It seemed our only alternative, short of holding our milk, was this boycott° pleases support it Thenks, The Men and Women of the National Farmers Union . Cxtrt t.10+At.Hf 4 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor N, �A FABULOUS CHILD'S STORY Once upon a time, a baby named X was born. This baby was named X so that nobody could tell whether it was a boy or a girl. Its parents could tell, of course, but they couldn't tell anybody else. They couldn't even tell Baby X, at first. You see, it was all part of a very important Secret Scientific Xperiment, known officially as Project Baby X. The smartest scientists had set up the Xperiment at a cost of Xactly 23 billion dollars and 72 cents, which might seem like a lot for just one baby, even a very important Xperimental baby. But when you remember the prices of things like strained carrots and stuffed bunnies, and popcorn for the movies and booster shots for camp, let alone 28 shiny quarters from the tooth fairy, you begin to see how it adds up. Also, long before Baby X was born, all those scientists had to be paid to work out the details of the Xperiment, and to write the Official Instruction Manual for Baby X's parents and, most important of all, to find, the right set of parents to bring up Baby X, These parents had to be selected very carefully. Thousands of volunteers had to take thousands of tests and answer thousands of tricky questions. Almost everybody failed because, it turned out, almost everybody really wanted either a baby boy or a baby girl, and not Baby X at all. Also, almost everybody was afraid that a Baby X would be a lot more trouble than a boy or a girl. (They were probably right, the scientists admitted, but Baby X needed parents who wouldn't mind the Xtra trouble.) There were families with grandparents named Milton and Agatha, who didn't see why the baby couldn't be named Milton and Agatha, instead of X, eves if it was an X. There were families with aunts who insisted on knitting tiny dresses and uncles who insisted on sending tiny baseball mitts. Worst of all, there were families that already had other children who couldn't be trusted to keep the secret. Certainly not if they knew the secret was worth 23 billion dollars and 72 cents-and all you had to do was take one little peek at Baby X in the bathtub to know if it was a boy or a girl. But, finally, the scientists found the Joneses, who really wanted to raise an X more than any other kind of baby-no-matter how much trouble it would be Ms. and Mr. Jones had to promise they would take equal turns caring for X, and feeding it, and singing it lullabies. And they had to promise never to hire any baby-sitter. The government scientists knew perfectly well that a baby-sitter would probably peek at X in the bathtub, too. The day the Joneses brought their baby home, lots of friends and relatives came over to see it. None of them knew about the secret Xperiment, though. So the first thing they asked was what kind, of a baby X was. When the Joneses smiled and said, "It's They couldn't say, "Look at her cute little dimples!" an X!" nobody knew what to say. And they couldn't say, "Look at his husky little biceps!" And they couldn't even say just plain "kitchy'coo." In fact, they all thought the Joneses were playing some kind of rude joke. "It's an X" was absolutely all they But, of course, the Joneses were not joking. would say. And that made the friends and relatives very angry. The relatives all felt embarrassed about having an X in the family. "People will think there is something wrong with it!" others whispered back. "What could possibly be wrong "Nonsense!" the Joneses told them all cheerfully. with this perfectly adorable X?" Nobody could answer that, except Baby X, who had just finished its bottle. Baby X's answer was a loud, satisfied burp. A.WWetsf PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor tint41't �By the time X grew big enough to play with other children, the -Joneses' troubles had grown bigger, too. Once a little girl grabbed X's shovel in the sandbox, and zonked X on the head with it 'Now, now, Tracy," the little girl's mother began to scold, "little girls mustn't hit little--" and she turned to ask X, "Are you a little boy or a little girl, dear?" Mr. Jones, who was sitting nearby, held his breath and crossed his fingers. X smiled poli.tely at the lady, even though X's head had never been zonked so hard in its life. "I'm a little X, X replied. "You're a what?" the lady exclaimed angrily. "You're a little h-r-a-t, you mean!" "But little girls mustn't hit little Xes, either!" said X, retrieving the shovel with another polite smi le. "What good does hitting do anyway?" X's father, who was still holding his breath, finally let it out, uncrossed his fingers, and grinned back at X. And at their next secret Project Baby X meeting, the scientists grinned, too. But then it was time for X to start school. The Joneses were really worried about this, because school was even more full of rules for boys and girls, and there were no rules for Xes. The teacher would tell boys to form one line, line. There would be boye' games and girls' games, and boys' and girls to form another secrets. The school library would have a list of recommended secrets and girls' books for girls, and a different list of books for boys. There would even be a bathroom marked BOYS and another one marked GIRLS. Pretty soon boys and. girls would hardly talk to each other. That ould happen to poor little X? The Joneses spent weeks consulting their Instruction Manual (there were 249i pages of advice under "First Day of School") and attending urgent special conferences with the smart scientists of Project Baby X. The scientists had to make sure that X's mother had taught X how to throw and catch a ball properly, and that X's father had been sure to teach X what to serve at a doll's tea party. X had to know how to shoot all, what to say when the Other Children asked marbles and how to jump rope and, most of whether X was a Boy or a Girl. Finally, X was ready. The Joneses helped X button on a nice new pair of red-and white checked overalls, and sharpened six pencils for X's nice new pencil box, and marked X's name clearly on all the books in its nice new bookbag. X brushed its teeth and combed its hair, which just about covered its ears, and remembered to put a napkin in its lunchbox. The Joneses had asked X's teacher if the class could line up alphabetically, instead of forming separate lines for boys and girls. And they had asked if X could use the principal's bathroom, because it wasn't marked anything except BATHROOM. X's teacher promised to take care of all those problems. But nobody could help X with the biggest problem of all--Other Children. Nobody in X's class had ever known an X before. What would they think? How would X make friends? You couldn't tell what X was by studying its clothes-overalls don't even button right-to-left, like girls' clothes, or left-to-right, like boys' clothes. And you couldn't guess whether X had ak4.rl's short haircut or a boy's long haircut. And it was very hard to tell by the games X liked to play. Either X played ball very well for a girl, or else X played house very well for a boy. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor C-01471) �3 Clearly, nothing at all was wrong. comfortable about buying a present for a football helmet would not come and visit flowered romper suit pulled their shades Nevertheless, none of the relatives felt Baby X. The cousins who sent the baby a tiny any more. And the neighbors who sent a pinkdown when the Joneses passed their house. The Official Instruction Manual had warned. the new parents that this would happen, so they didn't fret about it. Besides, they were too busy with Baby X and the hundreds of different Xercises for treating it properly. Ms. and Mr. Jones had to be Xtra careful about how they played with little X. They knew that if they kept bouncing it up in the air and saying how strong and active it was they'd be treating it more like a boy than an X. But if all they did was cuddle it and kiss it and tell it how sweet and dainty it was, they'd be treating it more like a girl than an X. On page 1,654 of the Official Instruction Manual, the scientists prescribed, "plenty of bouncing and plenty of cuddling, both. X ought to be strong and sweet and active. Forget about dainty altogether." Meanwhile, the Joneses were worring about other problems. Toys for instance. And clothes. On his first shopping trip, Mr. Jones told the store clerk, "I need some clothes and toys for my new baby." The clerk smiled and said, "Well, is it a boy or a girl?" "It's an X, Mr. Jones said, smiling back, But the clerk got red in the face and said huffily, "In that case, I'm afraid I can't help you, sir." So Mr. Jones wandered up and down the aisles trying to find what X needed. But everything in the store was piled up in sections marked "Boys" or "Girls." There were "Boys pyjymas" and "Girls underwear" and. "Boys fire engines" and "Girls housekeeping sets." Mr. Jones went home without buying anything for X. That night he and Ms. Jones consulted page 2,326 of the Official Instruction Manual. "Buy plenty of everything!" it said firmly. So they bought plenty of sturdy blue pyjymas in the Boys department and cheerful flowered underwear in the Girls Department. And they bought all kinds of toys. A boy doll that made pee-pee and cried "Pa-pa." And a girl doll that talked in three languages and said, "I an the President of General Motors." They also bought a story book about a brave princess who rescued a handsome prince from his ivory tower, and another one about a sister and brother who grew up to 'be a baseball a.er and a ballet star, and was which. ts of Project Baby X checked all their purchases and told them to They also reminded the Joneses to see page 4,629 of the Manual make Baby X feel embarrassed or ashamed about what it wants to ets dirty climbing rocks, never say "Nice little Xes don't get , "If X falls down and cries, never say "Brave little Xes don't rse, nice little Xes do get dirty, and brave little Xes do cry. gets, or how hard it cries, don't worry. It's all part of the ses pushed Baby X's stroller in the park, smiling strangers would that a boy or a girl?" The Joneses would smile back and say, ngers would stop smiling then and walk away. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor COart'D �Some of the children tried to find, out your favorite sports star?" That was easy. by asking X tricky questions, like "lAtes X had two favorite sports stars; a girl jockey named Robyn Smith and a boy archery champion named Robin Hood. Then they dsked, "What's your favorite TV program?" And that was even easier. X's favorite TV program was "Lassie," which stars a girl dog played by a boy dog. When. X said that its favorite toy was a doll, everyone girl. But then X said that the doll was really a robot, anddecided that X must be a that X had computeridsd it, and that it was programmed to bake fudge brownies and then clean up the kitchelp. After X told them that, the other children gave up guessing what X was. All they knew was they'd sure like to.see X's doll. After school, X wanted to play with the other children. baskets in the gym?" X asked the girls. "How about shooting some But all they did was make faces and gig4le. "How about weaving some baskets in the arts and crafts room?" X But they all made faces and asked the boles. giggled behind X's back, too, That night, Ms. and Mr. Jones asked X how things had gone at school. sadly that the lessone were okay, X told them but otherwise school was a terrible place for It seemed as if Other Children ad X. would never want an X for a friend. Once more, the Joneses reached for their Instruction Manual. Under ",Other G1dre, they found the following message; "What did you Xpect? Other Children have obey all the silly boy-girl roles, because their parents taught them to Lucky you don't have to stick to the rules at all! All you have to do is be yourself. 1)4. We're not saying it'll ba easy." X liked being itself. But X cried a lot that night, partly because it felt a0aid. So X's father held X tight, and cuddled it, and couldn't help crying a little, toc, And X's mother cheered them both up by reading an '7citing story about an enchanted prince called Sleeping Handsome, who woke up when Princess Charming kissed him. The next morning, they all felt much better, and little X went back to school with a brave smile and a clean pair of red-and-white checked overalls. There was a seven-letter-word spelling bee in class that day. And a seven-lapboys' relay race in the gym. And a seven-layer-cake baking contest in the girls' kitchen corner. X won the spelling bee. X also won the relay race. And X almost won the baking contest, except it forgot to light the oven. Which only proves that nobody's terfect. One of the Other Children noticed something else, too. He said; "Winning or losing doesn't seem to count to Y. X seems to have fun being good at boys' skills and girls' skills." Come to think of it, said be X is having twice as much fun as we are!" another one of the Other Children, ntaaySo after school that day, the girl who beat X at the baking contest gave X a loig slice of her prizewinning cake. And the boy X beat in the relay race asked X to race home. From then on, some really funny things began to happen. Susie, who sat next to X in class, suddenly refused to wear pink dresses to school any more. She insisted On wearing red-and-white checked overalls-just like X's. Overalls, she told her parents, were much better for climbing monkey bars. Then Jim, the class football nut, started whe6ling his little sister's doll carriage around the football field. He'd put on his entire football uniform, except for the helmet. Then he'd put the helmet in the carriage, lovingly tucked under an alit set of shoulder pads. Then he'd start jogging around. the field, pushing the carriage and singing "Rock-abye Baby" to his football helmet. He told his family that X did the same thing, so it must be okay. After all, X was now the team's star quarterback. 1 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Susie's parents were horrified by her behavior, and Jim's parents were worried sick about his. But the worst. came when the twins, Joe and Peggy, decided to share everything with each other. 14ggy used Joe's hockey skates, and his microscope, and took half his newspaper route. Joe used Peggy's needle-point kit, and her cookbooks, and. took two of her three baby-sitting jobs. Peggy started running the lown mower, -'aid Joe started running the vacuum cleaner. .7 \ Their parents weren't one bit pleased with Peggy's wonderful biology experiments or with Joe's terrific needlepoint pillows. They didn't care that Peggy mowed the lawn better, and that Joe vacuumed the carpet better. In fact, they were furious. It's all that little X's fault, they agreed. Just because X dcean't know what it is, or what it's supposed to be, it wants to get everybody else mixed up, too! Peggy and Joe were forbidden to play with X any more. So was Susie, and then Jim and then all the Other Children. But it was too late; the Other Children stayed mixed up and happy and free, and refused to go back to the way they'd been before X. Finally, Joe and Peggy's parents decided to call an emergency meeting of the school's Parents' Association, to discuss "The X Problem." They sent a report to the principal stating that X-was a 'disruptive influence.' They demanded immediate action. The Joneses, they said, should be foreced to tell whether X was a boy or a girl. And then X should be forced to behave like whichever it was. If the Joneses refused to tell theeFarOnts' Association said, then X must take an Xamination. The school psychiatrist must Xamine it physically and mentally, and issue a full report. If X's test showed it was a boy, it would have to obey all the boys' rules. If it proved to be a girl, X would have to obey all the girls' rules. And if X turned out to be some kind of mixed-up misfit, then X should be Xpelled from the school. Immediately! The principal was very upset. Disruptive influence? Mixed-up misfit? But X was an Xcellent student. All the teachers said it was a delight to have X in their classes. X was president of the student council. X had won first prize in the talent show, and second prize in the art show, and honorable mention in the science fair, and six athletic events on field day, including the potato race. Nevertheless, insisted the Parents' Association, X. is a Problem Child. X is the biggest Problem Child. we have ever seen! So the principal reluctantly notified )(As parents that numerous complaints --about X's behavior had come to the school's attention. And that after the psychiatd rist's Xamination, the school would decide what to do about X. The Joneses reported this at once to the scientists, who referred them to page, 85,798 of the instruction Manual. "Sooner or later," it said, "X will have to be XAmined by a psychiatrist. This may be the only way any of us will know for sure whether X is mixed up or whether everyone else is." The night before X was to be Xamined, the Joneses tried not to let X see how worried they were. "What if-?" Mr. Jones would say. And Ms. Jones would reply, "No use worrying." X just smiled at them both, and hugged them hard and didn't say much of anything. X was thinking, ,What if-? And then X thought; No use worrying. At xactly 9 o'clock the next day, X reported to the school psychiatrist's office. The principal, along with a committee from the Parents' Association, X's teacher, X's classmates, and Ms. and Mr. Jones, waited in the hall outside. Nobody knew the details of the tests X was to be given, but everybody knew they'd be very hard, and that they'd reveal Xactly what everyone wanted to know about X, but were afraid to ask. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �TA was terribly quiet in the hall. Almost spooky. Once in a while, they would hear a strange noise inside the room. There were buzzes. And a beep or two. And several bells. An occasional light would flash under the door. The Joneses thought it was a white light, but the principal thought it was blue. Two or three children swore it was either yellow or green. And the Parents' Committee missed it completely. Through it all, you could hear the psychiatrist's low voice, asking hundreds of questions, and X's higher voice, answering hundreds of answers. The whole thing took so long that everyone knew it must be the most complete Xamination anyone had ever had to take. PoorX, the Joneses thought. Serves X right, the Parents' Committee thought. I wouldn't like to be in X's overalls right now, the children thought. At last, the door opened. Everyone crowded around to hear the results. X didn't look any different; in fact, X was smiling. But the psychiatrist looked e.terrible. He looked as if he was crying! "What happened?" everyone began shouting. Had X done something disgraceful? "I wouldn't be a bit surprised!" muttered Peggy. e test?" cried Susie's parents. "Or just rents. dear," sighed Ms. Jones. "Sash," ssshed ng to speak." oat, the psychiatrist began, in a hoarse ou could tell he must be very upset-"in my ted a parent impatiently. "Sssh! sashed. young X," said the doctor, frowning, "is outed another parent. "...just the said the psychiatrist. ren. And then the others began yelling, too. own. id. The Parents' Committee was angry and ole Xamination? Didn't X have an identity t X any kind of a misfit? How could it not And why was the psychiatrist crying? as smiling politely through his tears. cause it's wonderful! X has absolutely no ! As for being a misfit--riduculous! X u, X?" The doctor winked. X winked. back. oe's parents. "We still want to know!" gain. "Well, don't worry. You'll all now to tell you." e parents grumbled suspiciously. at once. "He means that by the time X's !" hrough the crowd toward X's parents. "How d then he reachedjout to hug them both. "if "I sure hope you'll lend me your instruc- ot,rsp a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using �Needless to say, the Joneses were very happy. The Project Baby X scientists were rather pleased, too. So were Susie, Jim, Peggy, Joe, and all the Other Children. The Parents' Association wasn't, but they had promised to accept the psychiatrist's report, and not make any more trouble. They even invited Ms. and Mr. Jones to become honorary members, which they did. Later that day,,all XXs friends put on their red-and-white checked overalls and went over to see X., They found X in the back yard, playing with a very tiny baby that none of them had ever seen before. The baby was wearing very tiny red-and-white checked overalls. "How do you like our new baby?" X asked the Other Children proudly. "It's got cute dimples," said Jim. "It's got husky biceps, too," said Susie. "What kind of baby is it?" asked. Joe and Peggy. X frowned at them. "Can't you tell?" Then X broke into a big, mischievous grin. "It's a Y!" r. 1 Kt e,0 c 5 E 1120,4E ES #t o 4E OR O (NroitNATINE) ITH t..-; OR HER RE O 1,1 L U1)ED 11.4 4E-R) (ofS3EcT NE) FROM 74E. 10,0t; `' THE t-16ERATO 6 si PAR E:1 P LA c_E Qr A To E 61' cie A I1 AN of tAlot-iANI PERSONI 6,ETS M1A) IASERv FSELzt-IES PEIZ0143 GETS WHAT E INC. A REFERENCE -DESEE V ES ". To k SPECIFIC HI time 11.61.5 Or i4ov.i T 44 NI HER E.) R AP P ST OW A fLE. tA IVP E. UILMAtil PRON (eRoNot.iNc_D LIKE TEA) T4E TIr t 6,5m1 "ir HE F INR RE LL Ok THE. HALE CTENII>:..-P., THE SAME " A LA 6E RAT el) NA IS `SECURE tAi ITH1 4f1 t )E. CD ) N01 CiiPACA. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Mary Tomlinson who has worked so hard to get emergency housing for women in crisis. The cityowned houses on Tarbutt Street have been made available, $11,700 has been allocated to the project and the city is co-operating all down the line. (Anyone who is interested in helping to and maintain the Shelter organize should contact Mary through the Women's Centre. Keir Thornburg, for being'born the first month of Internationalin Women's Year To Mr. Shewchuk, banquet manager for the Royal.Edward Hotel, for perpetuating the stereotyped, false image of a 'women libber'. Yr. Shewchuk was overheard spouting off, during the I.W.Y. Women's Centres Conference held at the Royal Edward Hotel, about the braless, in timidating, jean-wearing femalgz that invaded the hotel for the weekend. During his derogatory comments, the woman involved in the 'conversation' with him, asked with trepidation, if they were all from Thunder Bay--and sighed with relief at his reply, that no, they were from all across Canada. To protect your eyeballs frorn further strain, Mr. Shewchuk, not to mention the hotel's 'reputation', perhaps we will choose another hotel for our next conference. aisile PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked we. PDFCompressor sFscrichcopy I ofe-CVISION Ahci evaluation �THE NITTY GRITTY OF NON- NVOLVEMENT or why there are so few women in the struggle WHO'S GOT THE TIME? FIGHT FOR UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO FREE QUALITY CHILD CARE AND JOINT RESPONSIBILITY IN THE HOME!! Ea' HOt4tiih7 gat ccyjctriict,)S4 6k)01,0 Se- BoLDHL1rC4 Ritir 1 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �WH ANT° S III A p P NC-? IN PROCESS Policy meeting at 8PM The format of the general meeting has been Every 2nd Thursday changed. will be used for educational meetings. Speakers and/or films will be available for these evenings. Alternate Thursdays the Policy Committee will meet. This committee is made up of 14 women who are making all the decisions for the centre. Anyone wishing to have a voice is welcome. The topic May 8th Education night. for tonight is Sexual Stereo- May 1st typing. 8PMe May 9th Final date for submission of resume for job vacancy at the Centre. Job opens May 19th and lasts approximately 1 month. May 18th General Collective Meeting at the Centre. Picnic Child Care will be provided by Dan George and Bob Mc Gowan. May 22nd Education night at o PM. Ruth Cunningham will speak on the Status Of Women Council. May 31st Flea Market at Fort William Gardens. Donations of white elephant items, books,records, plants, crafts and children's clothes are welcome. Phone the centre for collection of these items. A thunderclap to Diane Bauman who has made a work of art in wood to commerorate International Women's Year--it's the dove symbol with the sand =signs . incorporated. And to Craig Bauman for the handcrafted wooden truck which sure gets a lot of use in the children's room: Welcome to Noreen Lavoie who has joined the full time staff at the Centre--she must be out of her mind to take the job! And are we glad she is. Congratulations to Estella Friedlander who has been hired by the Privy Council work with their Travelling Caravan throughout Northern Ontario. We couldn't be better represented. Good luck Estella. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �POETRY: ******** BY GERT BEADLE **************** Mother . Playing God A thousand poems I feel like God when mixing dough, are written to obsessed with yeast and oleo perpetuate the myth of you. however dead to human eyes Cast in bronee I know this dough has got to rise. or carved in stone And I shall mould it tenderly that tender, twisted into the shape that pleases me. Smile is known Little loaves to go with fishes to bare the head crusty ones for cheese and wine, And bow the knee curley buns in curley dishes in reverance or agony. saffron hued andcardamom. Fount of wisdom Call the children in, it's dark Seat of power bring the stranger in the park, testing, testing every hour Bring them all in from the rain, that silken web. Mother's playing God again. So gently does she lay responsibility for martyrdom upon her progeny. They fight the rising bile that calls for flight and guiltily accept the spider's bite. The love that will not let the young go belong to God. It was not meant to fetter or possess Jimmy The faith that spurs the crippled bird to flite He was shy, big of eye returns it safely to the nest so polite for rest. Alittle man his Mother said going to be just like G.B. his Dad. * ** So pressed, so clean, he muttered but I wanted jeans, Ah, lover, that was just a fadsome childish whim that you had, look at Dad Don't you want to be like him? you look so grown up, so trim in shirt and tie If you were like some other kids I think I'd die. I looked at Dad and saw no help he had already sold his scalp. Hurry Jim Say good-bye grow up fast before you die For if you don't it's very sad you're going. to be just like. your Dad. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE NOTICE DUE TO A RAPIDLY INCREASING MAILING LIST AND LIMITED FUNDS, WE FIND WE WILL HAVE TO DISCONTINUE SENDING COPIES OF THIS NEWSLETTER TO THOSE OF YOU RECEIVING COMPLEMENTARY COPIES. PLEASE RESPOND BY MAILING THE $200 SUBSCRIPTION FEE, OR INDICATE BY LETTER OR PHONE, THAT YOU WISH TO REMAIN ON THE MAILING LIST. PLANS FOR CHANGING THE FORMAT OF THE NEWSLETTER ARE UNDER WAY ENABLING US TO PRODUCE A LIGHTER WEIGHT, EASIER TO. READ (no staples), MORE INFORMATIVE VERSION OF THE NORTHERN WOMAN. PLEASE SUPPORT US. DONATIONS ARE ALSO. WELCUKED. NOTICE. IF YOU HAVE ALREADY SUBSCRIBED THANK YOU AND PLEASE DISREGARD THIS CHILD EYES These child eyes measure young the shifting shape of love and in their secret place they light the sacred fires and paint bold arrows on their face. Small savage circumstance has made a naked warrior with a blade "THE RICH BREWER WHOSE BUSINESS IT IS TO ENCOURAGE DRINKING, IS OFTEN THE LARGER GIVER TO THE WORK OF CHILDREN'S AID SOCIETY, AND IS OFTEN EXTOLLED FOR HIS LAVISH GENEROSITY: AND SOMETIMES WHEN WOMEN THINK ABOUT THESE THINGS THEY ARE STRUCK BY THE ABSURDITY OF A SYSTEM WHICH ALLOWS ONE MAN OR A BODY OF MEN TO ROB A CHILD4OF HIS FATHER'S LOVE AND CARE ALL YEAR, AND THEN GIVES HIM A STUFFED DOG AND A LITTLE RED SLEIGH AT CHRISTMAS AND CALLS IT CHARITY." wedging the first stone in the barricade, . Nellie McClumg In Times Like These 1915, reprinted 1972 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �taifusa :o,r, IHZ afam,HoN xog fits iau HaaNnaL `xvs NYWOM 0I8VINO ayqsod pesquvaen2 Nosze 01 cAmms 1)st, cdmiob Goo -..ts wiotml- iodg NOW. SUBSCRIPTION YOUR IN FILL ISSUE. LAST YOUR BE THIS LET DONT PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 2 No 2 Description An account of the resource Vol. 2, No. 2 (1975) Title: The Northern Woman Topics include: UN Human Rights Declaration of The Rights of The Child 1959 Oppression/Victimization of Children Sexism In Career Counselling International Day for Children Women’s International Democratic Federation Sex-role Stereotyping Children: Victims of War (Letter To The Editor) Child’s Bill of Rights Thunder Bay Women’s Centre Conference for International Women’s Year Rape Crisis Centre “Why Not” Campaign Reproductive Justice Rights & Legislation Gay And Lesbian Club Thunder Bay Lakehead Board of Education Sex Role Stereotyping Sexism in Children’s Books Parents Anonymous Poetry Northwestern Ontario International Women’s Year Co-ordinating Council Women in Politics Violence in the Media Child Marriage Sex Role Playing & Toys Maternal Deprivation Abortion Law Repeal Dr. Henry Morgentaler Women’s Right to Choose Day Care Access & Legislation Food Additives & Health Children Legitimacy Acts Single Motherhood Adoption Universal Day Care Kraftco Boycott Baby X & Gender Alternative Gender Pronouns Local Announcements & Events Authors/Contributors: Elizabeth Fisher Estella Friedlander Georgina Garrett Jenny Beck Gert Beadle Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission Language A language of the resource English https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2740/1975_Vol_2_No._3_CV01.pdf 7db820adf7342c5da7235378f154c8ee PDF Text Text Cv) LU Cn PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL For most of us involved in the Feminist Movement, instant recognition of our oppression was very unlikely. It is more probable to assume that although we were exposed This issue, therefore, is an effort to further assist women to inequalities and sexism very early in our girlhood, this recognition of our oppression did not occur, or was not acknowledged as being a problem of being born a female. However, if it was recognized at all, it was likely to be in their climb to a higher awareness, hopefully causing them to examine the power structure in the family, viewed as a personal Rot a universal oppression. question whether we are indeed full and participating citizens of Canada, and with the realization of the inequalities that are accepted and utilized to restrict The growing stages of our awareness (raising of our consciousness) can be compared to the rungs of a ladder. We all began on the bottom rung. Conscidusness-raising is the first step up from the bottom rung. Our educational system and our day-to-day living does not usually provide us with the perceptions and knowledge that allow us to effectively discern areas of discontent and oppression. External influences such as women's conferences, women's centres, feminist literature, rap sessions with our friends, women's studies, films, conscious ness-raising (CR) groups, do contribute to internal recognition Of our oppression. Click, click. government, education, law, and refuse to accept any longer, their oppression. It is hoped women will begin to women's full participation, will direct their energies and activities to eliminating the barriers that prevent women and men, from realizing their full potential in our society. The rate at which our consciousness' are raised is different for each person. Unfortunately some people, because of fear or ignorance will never acknowledge or recognize women are oppressed. However, for those of us concerned with personal growth, development and independence, for all women, we'll continue our climb, confident that growing numbers of women are joining us. ********************************************************* LETTERS EDITORIAL POLICY The newsletter group, a separate yet supportive group of the Northern Women's Centre, reflects the complexity of the makeup of the Northern Women's Centre as a whole. Being a smaller, unified group, the editorial board of THE NORTHERN WOMAN will attempt, through collective, creative and thought provoking comments, to respond to, and express (through a concensus of opinion) their reactions to, various articles, letters, and timely topics of interest. Through such a policy it is hoped that THE NORTHERN WOMAN will become a tool for women to develop an increased understanding of their situation and forces affecting their lives. Dear Everyone: What a marvelous Newsletter! I'm referring to your "Working Woman" issue. It was really well done. Please add my name to your subscription list. Ms. Jean Elioff - - Mississauga, Ont. Dear Newsletter People: ...I'm enclosing my two dollars. If I have already renewed mrsubscrip ion, please put the money towards your expenses - I feel a great sense of pleasure when I read each issue and would like to continue to support your efforts. Keep up the terrific job! Best always Heather Kibzey--Thunder Bay. Editorial Policy addition: We are the collective who publish the material that you contribute and read in The Northern Woman, We etc. so A great for the work together, reading, discussing, typing, printing, distributing that all of us will have a satisfying and thought-provoking journal. deal of time and work and personal commitment are the prerequisites product that you are reading. The Collective appreciates contributions that indicate a concern for women and enthusiasm for the tabloids role in education and provocation. Nevertheless, as feminists, we will not publish in this paper material that is offensive and opposed to basic premises of the Women's Movement. As workers on this paper, we assume the responsibility of edit on behalf of the ideals of feminism. This issue, then, is NOT publishing a lengthy letter that disputes a women's right to choose to have an abortion. In the future, The Northern Woman will not be a vehicle for destructive bias or organizational propagand We wish to thank the many contributors for their good response to our requests for articles, poems and reports. The material that could not be included in this issue will be in the next. Our apologies to those who submitted reports which In Sisterhood Linda Helen Lynne became obsolete before Gert being printed. Doreen As it took us so long to Georgina get this issue out, all Noreen subscribers are guaranteed 6 issues, before renewtheir subscription. Special thanks to some very nice people on the ARGUS and to Dawn Hassett, for their help. Dear Women: Just had my first encounter with the Northern Woman. Had never heard of youpeople before. Read it cover to Was really impressed. Such cover. a lot of 'food for thought'. Do you have back copies? Sincerely, Donna Williams--Thunder (Sorry Donna, no back copies) Bay. Dear Jacqui, Helen, Lynne, and someone who's name I can't read: Many thanks for sending the reports of the National Women's Centres Conferences. What got me even more exited was the newsletter - a really great collection. It has evoked admiring comments galore, and the cartoons have given us joy. The idea of focussing on one theme at a time is being much discussed as a result. Also... I appreciated getting the reports and newsletter, not only did I get a lot out of them, but so have many others. In sisterhood and struggle, Suita Cordell -- Hemingford Road, London England. letters cont'd page (13) the northern woman page (2) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �PORT ARTHUR CLINIC Unfair To Women In light of the fact that the OM A is seeking a 35% to 50% pay increase for doctors, a review of the Port Arthur Clinic strike is timely. The following letter was sent by the Strike Committee of the Service Employees Union, Local 268, to every Women 's Centre in Canada. Sisters, we ask for your support in our efforts to negotiate with the Port Arthur Clinic Administration, for decent wages, adequate benefits and Union Security. Attached is a summary of our union demands, also, a history of our negotiations. We have approached you as a potential ally because of your expressed concern in women's issues. The Port Arthur Clinic strike illustrates many of the injustices encountered by women workers in general. Too often, women's wages are viewed as supplemental, not essential, yet 50% of the strikers are either single or heads of family. Their wages mean survival, for themselves and their families. The fact that there is a constantly available labour pool from which to draw cheap female labour, makes it easy for the Administration to hold out and break the women who are striking. Too many women need jobs and too few opportunities exist'for women workers. Women, out of necessity, accept low pay and unsatisfactory working conditions. Before the strike, Clinic Administration defined working conditions and set wages without the workers' participation. Salaries and benefits were markedly less than those enjoyed by male workers. No union protected the women from being fired without just cause. When the women agreed to strike, there was little respect for their picket lines. Even the police worked to make it possible for the doctors to transport scabs to work. The public has not,been vocal in its support of the strikers, and trade unions could be much stronger in their support. The strikers haveAharrassed and ignored on occassion, and have felt it is a sign of their sex. They feel men's picket lines are treated with much greater respect. Please help us in our struggle to set a pattern for all Clinics to follow so that female support staff across the Province, and across Canada, can bargain more effectively for better wages and working conditions. In sisterhood and struggle. The strikers have asked of their employers a 15% wage increase, 50% OH IP payed by the Clinic and union security. The public and press have criticized them for withdrawing their vital health services, yet the doctors even now are threatening withdrawal of their services. Some doctors have already done so. It is interesting to note that a 40% increase will mean to the average doctor, $17,200 and a 15% increase will mean to the average clinic striker, $800. North Bay Women's Centre Dear People from Local 268: The North Bay Women's Centre supports you in your efforts to obtain partial hospital coverage, wages comparable to those earned by others doing similar work, and complete union security. We deplore the methods being used to break your morale. Nurses recently received large increases in pay and certainly did not ge: rally get disrespect and ha'rassment even though they u>ed the male "strike weapon". We hope, through united female effort, you can secure what is still less than reasonable in this inflationary period. I. Nickerson LES PAM 80 Rue Church Moncton, N.B. co Northern Women: Following is the letter we sent to both the SEIU local 268, and the Port Arthur Clinic. "We strongly support the demands of striking Service Employees International Union, local 268 in Thunder Bay. We feel that if it were a "Men's strike" things would be very different. The owners are medical doctors earning a substantial salary off public funds and we are astonished that they are not paying their employees adequately. It is clearly evident that, even in our day, women in the medical profession earn substandard salaries. Let it be known that LES FAMS a feminist association oppose the treatment being imposed on these employees. cause scabs PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation the northern woman page (3)copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I'm not a women's Why Men Should Be The following bits and pieces are quotes made by notable individuals, all on the subject of women. The quotes themselves are notable in that each one puts women down. Often, when we identify such anti-woman sentiments as the ones. which follow, we are met with great anger and hostility. What is most surprising is that we are the objects of this anger. We are labelled paranoid and overly sensitive. No anger is directed toward the men who have made the statements which put women down! If we are not met with hostility, we are asked, "So what?What is the point in drawing attention to something as unsavory as what has been said about women? Well, there is a point, and we hope it emerges for all who read this article. Largely, we wish to draw attention to the fact that each man who said something unpleasant about women, believed he described all women. That few, if any, felt it necessary to qualify his opinion, and to suggest in anyway that even some women did not fit his description. Until just recently, I really believed that these things applied to other women--that I was the exception, and that a man who could say horrible things about women in general, could say only good things about me in particular. I only needed the opportunity to prove myself as that 'exceptional woman'. But now I see that I am not an exceptional woman. I see all around me sisters who could also be considered exceptional women. As an exceptional woman, I am lost in a sea of exceptional women. If such is the case, let us all work to destroy the inappropriate attitudes regartling women. Let's work to shake off the unattractive stereotypes which effectively keep us from recognizing our true value. We must first recognize that any No ovaries are good enough to work to save, no testes are bad enough to remove. Physican at a National Health Conference. We must start with the realization that, as much as women want to be good scientists or engineers, they want first and foremost to be womanly companions of men and to be mothers. Bruno Bettelheim (Psychiatrist) Men in every conceivable walk of life have made their feelings public. good reason to. We fully envision, however, that in the near future we will fly women into space and use them the same way we use them on earth--for the same purpose. Astronaut James Lovell Churchmen have said some pretty unpleasant things about women in general, hence, pretty unpleasant things about you and me. It is not good to marry. What else is woman but a foe to friendship, an of us once prefaced our own remarks with this handy little statement. The speaker then goes on to outline all Not the issues that she believes in that do, however, coincide with Women's Liberation. What does she think Women's Liberation means? Who does she think makes up the Women's Movement? One thing the movement is NOT, is a collection of women who agree on every Heard issue affecting women today, or stand behind every woman who voices an opinion on women's issues. It is NOT a club (contrary to what the Chronicle Journal might believe), or a group or society which has a finite membership, so that you must identify with all its members, or that their actions reflect on Henry Kissinger you. It IS a movement--a d efinite force Some of the words in current usage within society moving towards a certain goal-the right to free ourselves from all stereotyped roles which no longer fit or which describe you and me include: Whore satisfy us. Honeypot Old Hag Hot Pants Hot Pants To one woman, this may be the right to be considered for any job she wants to do. Another may emphasize the need for adequate day care centres to care for her children, while she alone supports her family. Others concern themselves Hussy Slut Piece of Ass Snatch Cockteaser Maneater Ball- buster Box Bitch Cunt Douche Bag Old Maid Easy Lay Blow Job Quotes, Most on a hobby. titudes and the individuals who espouse them. We must create a unity among "I'm not a Women's Libber, but..." For me, women are only amusing, a hobby. No one spends too much time Piece of tail Loose twat Butt Bouncer Dry Humper Little Woman women which will make it necessary for men to revise their opinions. libber but.. Countless conversations begin this way. Well, we've never sent any women into space because we haven't had a anti-woman statement is meant to apply to each of us, and to each of the women we love and respect--our mothers, our daughters. We must have the courage to speak out against these at- CD CD Good Fuck with the protection of the rights of a Atlantis, The first edition of Atlantis will be published in the fall of 1975, and we are now soliciting subscriptions and donations. Any scholarly articles concerning `women's issues' or creative writing by women authors should be sent to: Donna E. Smyth, Co-ordinating Editor, ATLANTIS, c/o English Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Sco- tia. rape victim. Still others may work towards receiving wages for housework. Some women demand abortion law reform, malcipg abortion an issue between a woman and her doctors. Professional women fight for equality and respect /77 their work. Stewardesses and secretaries demand better wages for their skills. To housewives, it may mean the desire to be respected, and considered, while they provide support to the entire family, or simply, the need to have one day a week to themselves. No one is asking you to burn your bra, have an abortion, speak in public, denounce all males as chauvinists, or for any other Pussy Cream Machine Nympho bear the responsibility Thoroughbred Libber, but..." is hollow. It woman's deeds or words. The statement, "I'm not a Woman's has no meaning if you are actively working for changes in your own life that will open the way for other women. Even if you are coasting along on the wave of change that others are creating, then you are part of this movement. inescapable punishment, a necessary evil, a natural temptation, a desirable cal- amity, a delectable detriment, an evil of nature, painted with fair colours. St. John Chrysostom wt) an rx-N Every woman ought to be overcome with shame at the thought that she is a woman...Nothing is improper for man who is endowed with reason; much less for women to whom it brings shame even to reflect of what nature she is. St. Clement of Alexandria quotes continued, The voice of a woman is an invitation to lust and, therefore, must not be heard in the church. St. Thomas Aquinas Even political activitists, who fight for the weary and downtrodden, have failed to recognize the value of women, or the oppression of women. The position of women in the movement is prone. Stokely Carmichael Doctors and psychiatrists have a par- ticular view of woman which is inaccurate to say the least. With psychiatrists, it is dangerous, for it says something of their concepts of normal (for women) and healthy (for women). the northern woman page (4) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING MEETINGS- what goes on What is consciousness raising, and just what goes on in a consciousness raising group? CR is a process through which women come to their own conclusions about themselves and society. We work from the concrete experience of being women. When more than two people have suffered the same oppression, the problem is no longer personal, but political (meaning the consequence of a power structure--law, education, etc.). Avoid possible distractions and interruptions. CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING In :C R we go around in a circle, speaking in turn. This is very helpful in Week 1: Parents: Discuss your parents and their relationship to you as a girl (daughter). Were what aboutgiving men? each member a chance to compose Talking herself over theand sensation of being her thoughts. It also helps us trapped, or to being worthless, or demandlisten to each other and it breaks down treated of with respect (as Women a ing to be feelings competitiveness. who person) with a man not productive. have beenisleaders, when coming to CR, Often, menhave do not take women's thouto wrestle with their old ways and ghts and feelings So women end to speak. give seriously. other women a chance up doubly Women frustrated. whoAlso, havetheieelings always followed have related under discussion those to to push are themselves speak to up. being female. It is important to stay on the topic and As Bonnie writes book, CR does getKreps as much out ofinither as possible. "Guide to not thework Women's in abstractly, whenMovement people talk CR is not group therapy, although for some it may replace the need for psychiatric help. The basic assumption of the therapy situation is that there is an ideal feminine nature and psychology, and that unhappy women are sick. We say our personal problems are political and should have political solutions. We discover in CR that our personal problems (that many of us feel inadequate, 'neurotic' or fearful) are shared with all women. As we progress through discussions, we realize the problems are not us at all. We go from 'me' to 'us'--the particular to the general, the individual to society. In CR, women begin to wean themselves from masculine values, or at least look at them more critically. The male dominated world, especially the media has a lot to say about how we should look and what we should be -mother, wife, sex object. Therefore, movies, commercials and even pop songs may now make you angry, as you continually find yourself being viewed as an object (or caricature) and not as 14 WEEK OUTLINE FOR than 20 years. a person. Catcalls and wolf whistles on the street turn out to be universal agonies. In CR, we can expect friendship from women and their honesty and support, and goodbye to the old myth that women don't like each other and can't work together. ("I'm a man's woman " will sound very silly.) We begin to identify with more women. Our feelings about women become more generous. We care about the women on welfare, waitresses, our own mothers and daughters. Through CR, we begin to clerks, nurses, recognize that our private humiliations are universal and part of a larger pattern. In a society where all the major institutions protect male perogatives, women have only themselves to turn to. Conditioned to view males as our protectors, and every other woman as a potential rival, the act of communication among Canada", men badlyor need get on with We do not theorize, talktoabout others. their own liberation. a (male) sociolo-experience. challengeAs another woman's gist has said, the experience male sex role No one's has tois fit into a representedpreconceived by two strong, silent have types:gone all arpattern express hishas spoken, John Wayne, can't and-everyone oundwho the circle-, feelings toward women, and James should the group talk Bond, about what has who doesn'tbeen havesaid any.and Thedraw consequences conclusions:about its says Dr. Charles Peek, are tragedy -relevance-Ito the aposition of of women. our society. Dr. Peekyour isn't group puttinglose theits sense of rfoirtiet blame on cowboys andevolve playboys, purpose and into howa therapy group, ever. He puts it oncollective the waydecisions males areas to what is making socialized. Growing up male means being problem. the best way to solve a personal groomed toAnother be a real tendency man, and aisreal toman view the doesn't show his emotions. group and the supportive relationships This uglythat 'stereotype is aclearly somedevelop as final goal of CR. Often, thing menclose will have to understand in and the friendships are formed themselves,weekly and something ought to meetingstheycan become social fight if theyevents. want to become human When the real group is not together, beings. Men will have to analyze when it is fragmented, it isthe sensed fairly fundamentals of The theirgroup sex role thenable to help soon. thenand is not destroy it as we women destroying others, becauseare it cannot meet the needs ours. Meanwhile, men $houlcl of Nothing of the women in its stay ownout -group. our movement. They don't know what it moves. Under these circumstances, intermeans to grow up female in ourleading society, minable discussions nowhere can any more than know what itcan means tohere. takewe place. Nothing grow grow up male. Besides, insofar as they While One", of the purposes of CR is to need their male egowarmth butteredand up, acceptance and have among create been led towomen, believe the it isCR their right,should who isnot become group there to doait? Us, right? we don't closed circleAnd wherein the sense of a need that kind of feminist burden incommunity the middleisoflost. And it larger our own consciousness-raising. must be remembered that our ideas can I hope men withand it, because it through onlyget be on tested expanded certainly would be nicer to deal action. CR is a method of with communication them if they a bitit,more liberated. andwere through women have discovered They mighttheir evencommon stop fighting us whenbut the disoppression, we try to liberate covery ofourselves. our oppression is only an initial stage in ending our oppression. It is not a clOs and don't from personal experiences solution. start with friends or strangers who number is between 8 and 10. Expect to You have to live with you the rest of your life. Joe may run off to Indonesia with belly dancer. Your kids (if and when) may go to Mars or Afghanistan or take up organic farming You'll still be with you, and if all you had in life was Joe and the kids, what's tett for you won't be worth talking about. or were boys? friends who Week 2: Family: Discuss your relationship with women in your family. Week 3: Childhood: Discuss problems of growing up as a girl, who were your heroines? What were your favourite games? How did you feel about your body changing at puberty? Week 4: Men: relationship with lovers, bosses, as Have you noticed patterns? (It's the terns you always for) Discuss your men, friends, they evolved. any recurring recurring pat- want to look Week 5: Marital Status: How do or did you feel about being single, married, divorced? What have been the pressures, family or social on you? Week 6: Motherhood: Did you consider having children a matter or choice? Discuss the social and personal pressures, family or social on you? Week 7: Sex: Have you ever felt that men have pressured you into having sexual relationships? Have you ever lied about orgasm? Week 8: Sex objects: When do you feel like one? Why do you want to be beautiful? Do you ever feel invisible? Week 9: Women: Discuss your relations with other women. Have you ever felt competitive Givin' It Back Have you ever felt attracted to lose a couple in the first few weeks. Do not start unless you are prepared to commit yourself for 10 to 11 weeks. Our another women? first group stopped fiir the summer and Now feminists have published some you have been called selfish. Have you ever felt that you never got started again. answers to male chauvinist suggested Meet once a week at list each others'is designed putdowns. The of retorts homes, or to even better, a community disarm andatraise the consciousness of centre suchunliberated as a Church or school. This men. hypocrisy of male protection in all its will keep the element of competition For the man who asks,out "If you're so forms, from chivalry to 'special' legislatof the meetings, by making itare impossible liberated, when you going to take ion, but also to discover that a common to show offme housekeeping/entertaining out?", the woman should reply, bond exists between all women. We also skills. "When 1 get to take home a cheque the' find emotional After strength. the first week admit no new size of yours". CR doeswomen not break up marriages or find your or 'guests', or you will For .the male who whistles or makes families; it group gives you the tools to work backtracking to the comfortable catcalls on the street, tell him his pants with on yourfirst own.topic If anything, bringsof the new for theCR benefit are unzipped. a marriage, as you stop strength tomember. When asked, "How about a little blaming yourself everything. The ruts Tryfor very hardfor good attendance, as smile?", a feminist could say, "How that we have fallen into are not just CR is a continuing process whereby about a little respect'? individual mistakes Theyare are removed or feelingsorofaccidents. vulnerability If a mate says he does not feel like the inevitable results of as a socialization broken down the feelings of friendship helping his wife clean up she could say, process which geared to keeping womandistrust grow. It is very important that "Help? You're not helping, you're just en in their place. The strongest for within the this growth remainforce constant doing your share." perpetuatinggroup. this system Asto skip the It is isa isolation. good idea Since prospective employers often ask long as wemeeting stay apart, each woman all together when two or more a female, regardless of her qualifications, isolated in her home andit.the facade of a cannot make whether she can type, she can reply, "I perfect marriage, and continue to blame Have a diverse group (married, single, don't type or stereotype."--especially if ourselves, wedivorced, will remain oppressed. CRwithout is those with and childshe doesn't want the job. a powerful means for building the bonds If a male should say, "I'm a male of sisterhood. Sisterhood can should truly benot be more chauviniM and Fin proud of it.", the ren). The age span powerful, and it need not be to the female could say, "I bet you're proud of detriment of relationships with men. being a racist, too." Question: "How can you, a mother, go out to a daily job? Answer 'My , your brother with other women for men? have expressed an interest in CR. A good women allows us to discover not only the Consider yourself first you treated differently from children are addicted to eating." Question: "How come a nice girl like you isn't married? Answer: "Sheer luck", or, "I haven't asked anyone yet." Week 10: Behavior: What is a `Nice girl'? Discuss the times were expected to smile even when you didn't feel like it? Week 11: feel about Age: How do you getting old? And your mother getting old? What do you fear most? What aspects of aging do you look forward to? Do you think the problems are different for men? General: What are some of the things that got you interested in the women's movement? 'If we women are ever able to pull ourselves out of the morass of self-pity, self--destruction and impotence which has been heritage for so long as we can remember, then it is perhaps even more important that we be supportive of each other's achievements and successes and strengths, than it is for us to be compassionate and understanding of each other's failures and weaknesses.' Ansel ma dell'Olio. the northern woman page (5) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �SHIFTING GEARS by Nena& George O'Neil the time of the death of a -loved one. Book review by Freda Kamstra, However, with the rapid changes occurr- The following book review by Freda Kamstra is particularly relevant to this issue. The book deals with changes, and how we learn to adjust to changes. One of the greatest changes some women exper- our modern lives, we do not provide rituals to take care of all the ing in coping stages in all the human crises. Some of Dr. Karl Menninger's coping devices from his book 'Vital Balance' are mentioned in Shifting Gears: I) physical assurance, like eating, drinking, smoking, drugs, sleeping, exercise, work. 2) venting emotions, like blaming, taking it out on loved ones, psychosomatic illness, crying, cursing, laughing it off. 3) substitutes for action, rationalization, talking it over ience comes through consciousness raising. o* e of us can see in the description of Shifting Gears, the very process we underwent. The book could be very useful as an extension of actual CR group. an Shifting Gears is such a great title for this book about dealing with crises, eg., with friends and family, watching TV, going to movies, going on a buying spree. The O'Neills also mention the common one of running in panic in any direction, death of a loved one, end of a friendship or marriage, end of a job or career, birth eg., extra-marital affairs. Once we have allowed ourselves some of a baby, leaving home, or any of the hundreds of major changes that we, being human, may face in our lifetime. The O'Neills point out that we all face of these coping steps and can accept and appreciate ourselves, imperfect though that may be, then we can start looking at the crisis, head on. We can begin to solve it. If we stay in the coping stage too lone, we avoid the crisis and prolong it. Our gears are stuck in the eating or drinking or chasing or whatever the coping device may be, and it takes us over. We become a slave to tin coping device. Psychosomatic illness, or rationalization, or blaming, or smoking, or any of the other devices may become our director, and we and go through similar steps in getting through them. It is in knowing and understanding these steps as we go into them, that eventually we are able to get ourselves into high gear again. Like shifting gears, one, two, three--we say `Y_ah, yah, that's how it goes! I'm into crises the pain or confusion or nausea, or whatever. I'm human and I'm getting through this in the human way. Hurray for me!' We can then get over the hill or through the mud with a great new feeling of our own worth--a re-birth into the life journey with spontaneity and hope. Nena and George O'Neill suggest that most of us seldom get into high gear. We let ourselves get stuck in the second last gear of coping. Coping is a very important never really become fully alive and in charge of our choices again. a crisis, when the The O'Neills describe two major categories of crisis: the Catalytic Crisis happens as a result of events outside of us. For example, an apartment building is torn down, husband leaves, job is over. It happens suddenly out of nowhere. 2) The Crises happen when the basic assump- emotional and psychological earthquake tions we live by are suddenly changed. We stage in coming throw is too devastating to figure out what is happening. Like being thrown overboard into unknown waters, we must hang onto something that will allow us to float until we can get our wind and see Clearly what to do. We cannot swim right away. We have to let ourselves have a coping stage. Society's rituals have taken care of this in the past for some of the major changes, eg., we know and understand the necessity of rituals and caring and sympathy at cannot go back to the way it was before the earthquake. We must go on with the pieces that are left and some new ones. The word for crisis in Chinese writing, the O'Neills point out, is made of two equal symbols, one stands for danger and one for opportunity. Shifting Gears spells out three crisis phases we will go through: 1) Physical and psychological turmoil--upset stomachs, sleeplessness, heart palpitations. You feel lousy and cannot think straight? 2) Painful pre-occupation with the past. "I've wasted all those years in that d----d job", or "on that d----d Period of person", "If I'd only "; remobilization of our resources, with an action step in some direction. This is the point where we begin to shift gears. In order to deal with crisis and have it work for us instead of destroy us, we must `go into the crisis', experience it fully. The O'Neills suggest that we face up to not only what we feel, but also ask ourselves these difficult questions. "Is there anything about my personality that makes rue feel the way I do? What past events in my life have a bearing on what I am feeling now? Is my attitude preventing me from seeing the problem clearly?'What is need of me .to change In what ways can change By asking these, and finding answers, we will discover the true nature of our crisis and who we really are and who we want to be. This is the "WOW" point, the "Hallelujah" exper- ience of re-birth. I think Shifting Gears is an ideal group study book. When two or three people share crisis experiences in relation to the O'Neills' objective crisis steps, they will discover how to help each other get into high gear. One of the most important necessities for me in shifting gears, was one friend, who could listen and not give advice. I hope you read the book. There is so much more that I didn't touch on, that may be just the bit you are looking for--like this, "a creatively mature person knows that finding herself is an on-going process throughout life, ,and for her, doing is more important than having, experiencing more important that possessing." ************ REVIEW 4-4Part 3 - Our Nature, All women are housewives - Part I In - Beginnings, that we hold together, both materially and emotionally. the lives of the men Welfare mothers are women who have already won some money from the government for their work in the home. But welfare money is not nearly enough, it is hardly enough for a woman to live on. But it is money she gets independently from any man. If all women demand money for housework, we will have the power to refuse supervision by addition to all our homemaking skills, our 'natural' woman's role demands All Women with whom we live and work We are told we're goo a managers, of the tedious--family budgeting, day to day conflicts, maintenance of our homes. lazy, and that they get money for no Whatever our status at the workplace, whether we are secretaries or executives, we are expected to bring with us these `womanly' skills. We bolster our bosses' egos, and keep things running smoothly. We are responsible for both the physical (is there coffee? is the office neat and cheerful?) and spiritual environment in Welfare mothers and all mothers is Wel- home. case workers or inspectors. The government tries to make us believe that women should be ashamed to be on Welfare; they say these women are our work both inside and ouside the work. But the only difference between Yes, we care about our families, our mates, our bosses. What we fight are the expectations, and guilt we feel when we put ourselves first. Our role cuts our own throats. When we are good-natured and loving, we are manipulated. When we act upon our own impulses-- admit we are tired, display our dissatisfaction--we are mothers have no husband. The money which the government gives a woman on Welfare is not just for her fare children, it is so she can and will do the work to raise her children. Housework is a full-time job for all of us, and whether we are married or have children, or work outside the home, or not, we all want to be paid for this job. Part 2 - Our Work, Housework is a full-time job; we can't punch in or punch out. We are on call from the time we get up in the morning till we go to bed at night. Because our work is unpaid, it is stretched out to cover the entire day. Our time is not our own; we are always cooking, cleaning, fixing, babysitting, shopping, comforting, fighting to make ends meet. In 1975, women are still using a rag to dust the furniture; we are still sweeping our houses with a broom! But because we don't get paid for the work we do, since it is `natural' to us, nobody cares how long it takes. When we go out to work because we need money, we are forced to do a AC7,411t11ilv Al %di 41 11' el'IC 4411111 IR! Fro, Are double shift. We work two jobs for half the price of one! Because women are used to working without wages, the bosses can pay us less and get away with it. We work in jobs that are extensions of housework, as secretaries, nurses, teachers, waitresses, social workers. On the job we are expected to smile, be sexy, be good listeners, make coffee for our bosses. And condemned as selfish. Part 4 - Getting Together, As housewives we are separated from each other in our many individual homes. Even if we work outside the home we have no time for meetings or just socializing with other workers because we have to rush home to fix dinner or pick up the kids. But as women, we all share the same frustrations because we all work as housewives. By finding the time to get together and talk we can explore our common experiences and our differences. We can discover strengths in our various situations; whether we are at home, at an outside job, married or single, mothers or childless, we can use our power in these various make situations--together--to changes for all of us. We may have to gin by demanding time off from home or office or free daycare for our children ust so we can all meet together. Each step is a struggle but each struggle builds our power to refuse that work we have een doing all our lives for free. When we demand .Wages for Housework, every step e take together will make us stronger! at night, we go home to more work, to PDF compression, OCR, web optimization CVISION PDFCompressor our ull-time job inusing the home.a watermarked evaluation copy of the northern woman page (6) �Thunder Bay Anishinabequek, The Thunder Bay Anishinabequek, our local chapter of the Ontario Native Womens' Association ( O.N.W.A.) was formed October II, 1972. It is not incorporated but is investigating the possiblity. It is one of the 37 locals in Ontario - quite a compliment for a new Thunder Bay is a Mothers on Budgets, self-help group composed of volunteers in the executive and in the membership. Our most recent election occurred at Our On June 16th, our group hosted a luncheon for two single parent groups.: Native Womens' Festival (to be described later). The new executive consists of: Mrs. Priscilla Simard, President: Ms. Anna Spuzak, Vice-President: Ms. Christine Rochette, Secretary; and Ms. Beverly Sabourin, Treasurer. Our aims and objectives are simple and Budgeting viable as we try and incorporate them into all proposed projects and activities. These are as follows: a) To enlist and organize the energies and efforts of all members and associate members in promoting the aims of the O.N.W.A. and in particular the aims and objectives of the local chapter. b) Take advantage of government pro that will improve and will advance the ambitions of the organization. c) Visitation programs in homes, hospigrams tals, jails, etc. d) Interpret the problems of Native people to agencies, etc. e) Promote job placement f) Social care for Native children in local homes. g) Education h) Develop awareness of government legislation i) Promoting the use of Native language in homes, schools, etc. j) Setting up information in bus depots, etc. for Native people. We sponsored an Indiin Awareness Workshop, March 2, 1974 at the Indian Friendship Centre for the benefit of the foreign student at Lakehead University. Her Native people from the community met with students and discussed various topics, such as adjustment to city life, culture, employment, education, etc. and shared life experiences. Special attractions include dancing Indian and an Indian Food Banquet. It was very interesting and very beneficial to all involved. Our local does several fund raising projects. These inclu d e coffee houses, penny auctions bingos (held at the Indian Friendship Centre), hockey pools, bake sales, bazaars, etc. Various members of our club perform speaking engagements, seminars and workshops upon request from various agencies, institutions, clubs, etc. Our local Anisishinabequek has sponsored several social activities for the community ranging from the annual Chirstmas Banquet and Dance (at the Friendship Centre) the annual Native Children's Mothers and Single Parents. The groupsNipigon from were and Geraldton, with a couple of members from Red Rock. They came down by Grey Goose on the morning bus and went back that evening. The Ministry took care of their transportation to and from the bus depot. There were 10 women here. We spent the afternoon talking about what MOB was, and our current activities. They were quite interested to hear of our experiences. MOB has a pilot project going called 'Freedom Week'. We received a grant for special camping from the Cambrian Presbytery of $1,000. The United Church is renting their camp at East Loon to us from July 18-25th. What makes this camp unique is that it's set up for mothers only--those on FBA and Welfare, and single parents. Word just came back today from the city that they working, would contribute $50 per mother toward babysitting fees. The balance needed would come from the funds we have for camp, after the food is bought. A student, Bates, was hired Marilyn through the Secretary of State program to co- ordinate the camp and set, up activities and crafts. This camp is now closed to further applicants. Hop9fully this can be done again next year. `Sanity House' is an idea where single parents, mothers or fathers, can leave their child or children for a period of from 1 to 3 days while they have the time to recuperate and gain strength to handle their children and themselves again. Right now a survey is being put together to show the need for this Northern Woman of any future action. Have a nice summer, and see you down at MOB sometime. We are open Monday A joint report on where we are at with the city Social Service dept, in regard to the TarbuttCrisis Houses, sparked a discussion on ways and means to make the public more aware that Northwestern Ont. has more than it's share of physically abused women, a fact we are reluctant to speak of above a whisper. The service directory for women is proceeding as planned, thanks to the efforts of Liz Jobbitt, She has been the driving force behind much of the Councils activities in this year of the woman. Sarah Weber who has been selected to co-ordinate the Herstory project made a presentation of her progress to date and stunned us all with her organizational skills and energy. She will be about the area very soon. We suggest anyone with a skeleton in their closet should nail the door shut. A small discussion on a suitable fate for mardee, Lakehead Living's gutsy sister, took place. Like a sliver under a fingernail, she is not above stooping to nit-picking to expose like trivia. Witty enough for fun and games but hardly one you would like to walk a mile with. On the off chance she may have done us a favour, an affectionate back of the hand to mizz Edelstien, The Ms. here being macho sister. to Friday from 9 a.m. till 4 p.m., and our phone number is 623-2863. Our clothing depot is open Monday, Wednesday and Friday from 1 to 4. Maureen Nan MacDonald, The Nortern Woman congratulates Nan MacDonald for fine campaign as a Communist candidate in the her Nan was the only woman in the Thunder Bay area to run. Those of us who met her Provincial elections. recognized in her a personal commitment to the ideals of democracy and justice. Good luck to Nan in future ventures. support. is still not in sight. However, I'll let readers know via The organized a Fashion Show for the General Assembly of O.N.W.A. We also pride ourselves in having helped draw up various recommendations made by O.N.W.A. on behalf of all Native VI/o- ourselves, our brothers. The council met to-day Sept. 18th at Confederation College, for our monthly session, with a representation from Kenora, Red Lake, Atikokan, Fort Frances and Kaministiqua, as well as local members. The year moves on and this councT1 must consider what has been done and wherethe impetus will take us from here. The report on the tri meeting of representitives from Con, College, the Northern Women's Centre and IWY Council accentuated a growing awareness of how similar are the goals we move toward. It was suggested we channel our energies through the Northern Women's Centre as our year winds up. A motion to make the Centre a gift of all documentation our office has collected at our years end was passed without dissent. A decision to hold the Oct. meeting on the 25th, so that we may attend the Magnus Theatre's production of a Doll's House in a block was unanimous. Further news of theatre activity was the planning of a non-sexist childrens play, which this council will help finance. A discussion on a press release in support of the women workers in their dispute with the Port Arthur Clinic, enforced our original determination that we must come out strongly in our support and that we must be seen publically with that facility. NIP is working on this with us. It's been a lot of work already and the end Christmas Party and various others. We mens' Groups and presented to various relevant cabinet Minister. We pride ourselves in cooperating with other Native arid Non-Native _organizations and in promotes harmony and unity amongst INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR CO- ORDINATING COUNCIL provincial organization. Our local Anishinabequek has a membership of 175 out of approximately 250 Native Women in Thunder Bay. We are pleased to outline the various projects and activities of our local over the past three years. We are proud of our organization which REPORT FROM THE NORTHWESTERN ONT. moved 0+4 see page 12 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor the northern woman page (7) �HOUSEWIVES OF THE WORLD ARE ASKING FOR WAGES FROM THE STATE. THAT COULD BE ONE ANSWER, BUT UNTIL THE REAL THING COMES ALONG BETTER DIVY UP FELLOWS. Marriage & Money I consider my credentials for the following observations indisputable, 40 years of continuous engagement in a power struggle over a priority list, is in itself a fair record for endurance of not intellect. That it has taken me so long to discover the answer lies in a solution where everyone wins and nobody loses, only makes me a product of the myth of my times--Man is wiser, Man is stronger, only a Man's hand can keep the ship on course. To even question the direction showed a lack of trust that even you could find hard to forgive yourself for. In choosing a mate we have made what well may be our last free choice Every choice we make now will be made in the light of what is possible in someone elses judgement. We will consider children, circumstance and propriety. We will consider the ego and pride of our mates. But if we consider our own desires we will know immediately that our whole moral fibre has begun to rot. What to do! It is here the priority list begins to get fuzzy. Marriage has presented us with a list duly sanctified by church and state, all others are perverse, self-serving and non productive. It happens to all of us men and women alike; it is the root of all our discontent, perhaps the solution to our dilemma. I wonder how many of us are prepared to admit that our lives are suffocating with superfluity, not because it represents a true priority but rather because we have settled once more for the possible, knowing what we really want is beyond our grasp; cultivating an appetite for possessions to fill up the hole and smother the sound of what cries in us for free expression. The young mother who finds the entire burden of the emotional health of her children has been laid at her feet, will suddenly have a burning desire for housing beyond their needs. She puts his nose to the wheel for thiry years GOT YAH! NO need to feel guilty its on the list. A small homicide we feel perfectly justified in committing. Man the banker, man the protector man the provider; the poor devil is as much a victim of the myth as we are. One wonders at his reluctance to give it up, but give it up he must for until we know, gut strong and bone deep we are in this together we will engage in a war of wills that will fill the garages with cars that are his, houses with things that are hers, while neither of them will ever achieve the satisfaction of a real desire realized. The woman who boasts she has access to the joint account is whistling in the wind and she knows it, for unless her sense of personal guilt is firmly tamped down, her skin thick enough to survive that meeting with the board JOINT IS JOKER! I am afraid to speculate on how many basically honest wren that little ploy has made chronic liars out of. I am firmly convinced we have to have a new perspective on possessions. if we ever stop phantasizing long enough to see houses as sherlter, food as sustenance, clothing as protection, cars as transportation; it is just possible we may have something left to share at large and with each other. Sharing is not something men do well. Women are more likely to have a giving spirit. It may be one of the reasons men have tried to keep control of the family purse. He sees his sweat, which he equates with $'s spent on a generosity he doesn't share. For this reason alone it would seem in his best interest to consider his wifes fair share as something quite outside his concern. He has gotten used to thinking of the pay cheque as his, He likes to think the sharing he does is due to his generosity not because it in any way belongs to her. The service labour market today is over run with under privileged housewives forced to evaluate themselves in the only currency relevant--dollars and cents. When she says we can't manage on one well you have earned. I have begun to see life in terms of how we infringe our priorities on the rights of others. From the childs allowance to the credit cards women use like weapons to punish men for depriving them of responsible,choice. This general predisposition to suppose removing controls will destroy all balance is a myth that no one gives greater credence to than those women who have accepted the status quo and depend on their wit and cunning to get their share and more than their share. It is this woman who will push hard to keep her sisters in line, 11 Women Women should stop opposing other women and learn to work together in their common cause. This phenomenon is called polarization and occurs when women who sat at home resent women who work and vice-vers. There is terrific hostility between men because of the abortion issue. People seem to ioilkat this situation only in terms of black and white. There is total agreement about one portion of this issue. We all want to cut down on unwanted pregnancies. If half the energies that these two polarized groups spent were put into seeking a compromise or working towards a solution it would be mind boggling. British Columbia provincial court Judge - Nancy Morrison. 1974. IF WE HAD A WAGE - PAGE 8, - Number 36 'THE ACTIVIST'. -we could spend more on food; high prices means more work for us--we have to search for pay cheque, what she is really saying in many cases is WHY SHOULD I TRY! To persuade men the proposition is only just, but to their advantage, is the case I'd like to make. The truth is--money in marriage is not worth anything outside the bare bones of necessity, if it does not allow a secret hope for a priority which may have no justification whatever in the eyes of your partner. It is the dreams we give up, the hopes we bury, the plans we scrap that will do us in. Sharing to me means running a tight ship., It means each of us contributing to the maximum to that part of our lives we have pledged to survival, It means sitting across a table and splitting the profits from this marriage we have made our business, right up the middle. It means freedom of choice, not having to ask any more; not having to explain, not having to apologiie. More than this it means not having to pretend to be grateful for something you know darn the cheapest supermarket and then find a hundred ways to make hamburger interesting. -we could send the drapes to the dry cleaners. - we could go out to dinner when we're tired of cooking. -we could take a course, or get the education we never got before. -we could send our children to camp for the summer. -we could buy a washing machine instead of going to the laundromat. -our husbands could take a day off to be with the family. -we would have the choice whether or not to work outside the home. -we would have the money to take a bus and leave for a while real vacation) or leave for good.. -we would have the choice not (and take a to have children or to be able to afford to have children. -men would realize that even though we love them, doing their housework is work and we love it! PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of don't CVISION PDFCompressor the northern woman page (8) �poems... CROWBAR, Leigh, I need your help. I feel I'm nailed to a solid wall of traditions, habits and vague sense. Until recently I didn't mind being there. Whatever I was, I was the same as EVERYONE ELSE' The Dandelion While walking through the puzzle of life, Where pieces that fit seem to suffer less strife, I stopped to pick a dandelion, And upon my possession, the flower began dying: I stood looking at the flower's golden glo,. Amazed how its stature had drifted so low. Predictability robs it of all appreciation, The beauty ignored by it's common creation, And for conforming so well with all that.s around. it, It feels the resentment of the flowers that surround it. And ' ,ew - not be possessed, predictable nor common, n I conform to another soul's pattern. Th- gh I may stand alone, as that may be, have to be, uniquely me. I ice a dandelion on summer's day C it wither, and die and drift away. I co Nor F But now there's a crowbar in the area. I've been partly pried off that wall before. I Know what it's like. You're still part of the wallInit You're a little bit of your own board. i LE NI The more you achieve your identity as a board, the less you are a part of the wall. I've never been close to being a complete board before. Man! Can't you Hear Your Woman Calling? 'What did you do all day?' Doesn't wait for an answer 'Is the paper here yet?' She stands at the sink for the third time today, And she aches frOm the labours of keeping things fine And she thinks 'If only once he'd offer to help' Man! Cant't you hear your woman calling? I know someone who was only attached by a tack and she freaked and got herself completely and sucurely nailed on. She can never get away now. But I feel such a strength in the premonition of this crowbar. This is no ordinary crowbar pulling an ordinary raid. She watches him leave, to the salt mines he says, And she silently wishes she was going instead I think I.M gonna get it this time. No pressure, No 9 to 5, All the day to herself, Man! Can't you hear your woman calling? Oh, they'd talked of itoften, How she needed a change, But he'd patted her head, said how lucky she was, I mean, I want to be a board. You know that Leigh. I want to be thought of in terms of you and.the other boards. But, what if I don't make it? What if it turns out I'm not made of wood?Maybe I'm compressed shavings. Did you ever think of that?EH? Yah! What if? You boards are all alike. You figure because you got off the wall we all can. WELL I'M SCARED. I think this crowbar is going to just YARD me off and the nails will SCREAM as they're torn out and my mind will have a big bruise. But then I guess when that's over with, You're home free, eh? Question? Yeah, I guess it'll happen all right. Will you be around in case I feel a little sick after? Men have stood shoulder to shoulder with men They have done it in pride and with pleasure They have bled for a cause that unhinges the mind fo justify killing each other They have wasted the seed of each others' loins Spent it like snow in a desert for the living forgiving uterus they rule Conveniently waits to be plundered Then why is it woman who fears looking down when she sees woman kind in the ditch? Why is it woman wh&always decides what Sister of hers is a bitch? you're such a fine, fine board Leigh Marnie Smith Oh, She had worked on it hard and the cake was all done, The filling, the icing, the finishing touches She proudly brought it in and cut him a piece And he ate it and silently he left the room. Man! Can't you hear your woman calling? Her head ached, Her feet ached, the day had been bad. She finished the story and kissed them goodnight. And she quietly wished that the children had once Heard their favourite stories being told by their Dad Man, Can't you hear your woman calling? She had seen her uptown and knew it was foolish. %envy her fine clothes; the way her hair had been done She'd wanted to boast of her home and her children BuTher tongue had been quiet And she'd walked home in shame for the way she had felt Man! Can't you hear your woman calling? It may have been a touch, a smell or a memory. And a rare and warm feeling rose once again. The radio picked up the mood and her favourite songs. So she fixed up her hair, made a special meal for him. And tie arrived. With dirt on his boots, Not even a smile, And said 'Tonight after supper we'll work on the budget. Man! You should have heard your woman calling. LEN: the northern woman page (9) PDF compression, OCR, web Gert optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor ' �ar-44.04,V, Y.tra..taiV.V-40,-40".,.'41tr_rmaf,...2G70,{APM--af war J.. lagrtwaiitiet..,Agrat-ggicr.rauwairnprsr,-miwitoziost-4 carried by men. One day a man asked me, "Whkt are you doing in an old folks IPme?" I had to tell him there just isn't any other place for me and people like me. This attracted me to him, to think I can be with elderly people and still keep my mIndo He used to play music which also attracted me and many other things. 'It was too late to do anything about it when I realized how much he had come to mean to me. I knew loving me had no advantages for him, but I also knew he could add to my life and make me more of a woman. Just at the point when I began to feel like a real woman, he was taken sudenly away from me. The feeling I had for this man was bigger and stronger than I'll ever have again in my life for anyone. When I sat beside his casket I wanted someone to lay me down beside him for I knew my life would never mean the same to me again. Now, no matter where I go, or what I do, I 02 get a lump in my throat because I feel he should be there with me. One thing I know,-there will never be anyone else 4 for me, I don't want anyone else, it would kill me for sure. I'm sure many women like me have felt this way because a man wants a wife, not a handicapped person like a child to.be looked So this is a small part of what after. it is like to be a handicapped woman. #:;? Since writing this for us Mary's book WHEELS ARE MY FEET is on the book shelves. As sisters we congratulate her and wish her well. Edo WOMAN AT SIXTY age. It's a time nest, loving, or nity. It's a time have learned to p and give. of an when you might f knowing less ering how pleas- dn't know, and t, alas, you have ok. You cannot arned from pain the meat in the aw, the heart of forever peeling The Women's Movement operates on r; two levels--the Vocational and Status !, level which society accepts much more ?.. easily than looking down into the level that is the heart and guts of female V,: discontent. After all, money and position t7,4%.; are accepted goals in this Western never- 4 -never-land, By looking beyond this legit- f.16: imate aspiration, we are in grave danger el of naming the disease, and having to find the cure. I have this horrible nightmare that one day, the whole sex will die of lock jaw, still mumbling, "I'm happy, I'm t';.: happy", because they're ashamed not to ..s be. bage, things that At 60, one has passed through the rf,.: Valley of Indecision where the heart and 0 mind take you. You've learned to say no, mptuous way a or yes, when it pleases you. On reflection you opine. Love is lovely to get and give, awareness like can be dismissed g `women's lib- The absolutely hat a segment of rrogance to call having no resp- t to a quality of feels bound to or a sex object is ng we are used s libber. I don't hom or why! I op doing what loving, giving, optimistic, ` but you find yourself a bit surprised to see people still betting their lives on it. if you know and dare that on this planet Earth, in 1975, your Sister's children are slaughtered by bullet and blade and deprivation? that she is battered and beaten; that government and state harass and humiliate her; that law discriminates against her; that religion penalizes her. If you know and care about all this, you're a feminist. And if you're 60, you'll stand up and say so. Gert Beadle the northern woman page 10 ren:th and wit. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Women in Crisis Have aPlace CRISIS HOUSING FOR WOMEN In the files at the Northern Women's Centre, you can find the words "crisis housing" dating back to its beginning as an idea. It was a project, hoped and planned for, and recognized as an essential service in the present social structure where financial tension, alcohol and frustration daily produce more than enough problems that can precipitate crisis. The files catalogue the need, providing hard evidence that here was a handful of concerned women who knew the score, and who passionately wished to do something about it. To this end, Mary Tomlinson, pursuing a legal career in the offices of Glowack and Tilson, drew up a model of a crisis shelter and petitioned the City with a view to securing a house on Tarbut Street at a nominal rental. The case she made was well received, and for a time, it seemed as though we would have an active part to play in both planning and function. In this first flush of success, funding was obtained from Grenville Group Homes, whose boys' shelter project was defunct. Also, a small housekeeping grant was obtained from Secretary of State. But, there is many a slip twixt cup and lip, as thepoet says. The City, in its wisdom saw Crisis Housing as an idea whose time had come, and prodded by some flack from anxious tax payers, budgeted to provide and maintain three houses to be operated by their own Social Service Department, leaving us with egg on our faces and a small sack of money. Since Mary's departure for Osgoode Hall was immin- ent, the Committee, with whom she had planned the project, became a legal structure operating for the time being under the existing Charter of Grenville Group Homes. Having delegated the responsibility of both funds and philosophy, she left for Toronto. We are happy these houses are becoming a reality, even though no mill wheel of the gods can possibly turn as slow as a City planned project. We are not crushed by . the fact that the City has assumed full control of the housing aid. The large majority of these crises stem from marriage breakdown and desertion or physical assault by the male partner. The changing roles and status of women in North America are thrusting many women unprepared into independance. Today, the separated or deserted wife does')nt return to her parents' home. According to the Royal Commission on theStatus of Women, 90% of single parent families are headed by women, and one third of these families are poor. In many cases of marriage breakdown, alcoholism and physical violence in the man force the wife to leave the family home with her children. For the women and her children in the midst of such an emotional and physical crisis, Thunder Bay has little to offer. She needs time, space and support. She needs to consider whether she has the strength or the desire to make a major change in her family's life style. Can she support her children alone? Would it be better for her and her children to return to their former situation? Is this possible? Can she do anything to resolve the conflicts which made her leave that situation? If she decides that she wishes to return, or to support her family alone, more problems arise. How can she get money--by working or by applying for family assistance? Is she likely to find work? Does she need training or education? Who will she find to care for her children if she works? Can she afford good care or any care? Can she fill the shoes of two parents for her children? Are they suffering due to the recent crisis and change in their lives? Will her husband contest custody of the children? Should she see a psychiatrist? Will she find a suitable place to live in her price range? Will she 'find friends? Will her children have to move to another school? Will they find friends? Has she made the right choices? Large numbers of women, with and without children, become independent every year. The women who has been isolated in her home for a number of years with shelter are the "be all and end all" in crisis situations. We are unanimous in agreeing not to invest in the small children may be completely unaware of the services her community offers. She needs information as well as immediate necessities such as food and shelter and Somewhere between theideal and bureaucratic logic,'is make it on her own despite the training she received as a child, despite her experiences as a dependant in marriage. project. We are, however, not satisfied that just food and physical structure of the city-planned shelters, but to use our resources in supplementary services beyond what the City is prepared to provide. a part for us to play. Our meeting with City Social Services confirms this. WE MAY SPEAK, WE MAY NOT clothing. She needs to know that help and encouragement are available to her, that other women share her problems, and that each woman can find the strength to These are the things which theHousing Committee feels are most important. Yet, too often, the steps taken by the City in setting up the homes, indicate these things MAKE POLICY, they have informed us. So speak we shall, until the good people of this community realize that just outside the wall of their own safety and indifference, women and children are mentally tortured and physicall abused without any option for choice. Unless crisis housing provides that option, it will not are not "top priority" for the City. We will speak, we will demand to be heard. We will pressure the "policy meet the expectations ()Alined in the model as conceived by Mary Tomlinson. Housing, or, if you have talents and energies to offer, An increasing number of women, especially those with children, are finding themselves in crisis situations, in which they desperately need emotional, financial and makers" if we can't make policy. If you are interested in learning more about Crisis contact Gert Beadle, any Wednesday, at 345-5841. We will print more news on the progress of the Crisis Houses next issue. The three houses on Tarbutt St. officially operon October 20th. There was a waiting list for accomodation, and at this date Oct. 21st these houses are FILLED. Ed. Congralutations to Lynne Thornburg Congratu who was hired by Confederation Lynne's position College in Sept. is assistant to Ruth Cunningham, who is director of Women's Programs, Continuing Education division. The addition of Lynne to the staff will give Ruth some healthy positive support and will serve to strengthen the existing good relationship Women's Centre has had with the College in the past. lations 1111111111allir 114141111 4* lt4t=:11 the northern woman page (11) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Want A Wife I belong to that classification of people known as wives. I am A Wife. And, not altogether incidentally, I am a mother. Not too long ago a male friend of mine appeared on the scene fresh from a recent divorce. He had one child, who is, of course, with his ex-wife. He is obviously looking for another wife, As I thought about him while I was ironing one evening, it suddenly occurred to me that I, too, would like to have a wife. Why do I want a wife? I would like to go back to school so that I can become economically independent, support myself, and, if need be, support those dependent upon me. I want a wife who will work and send me to school. And while I am going to school I want a wife to take care of my children. I want a wife to keep track of the children's doctor and dentist appointments. And to keep track of mine, too. I want a wife to make sure my children eat properly and are kept clean. I want a wife who will wash the children's clothes and keep them mended. I want a wife who is a good nurturant attendant to my children, who arranges for their schooling, makes sure that they have an adequate social life with their peers, takes them to the park the zoo, etc. I want a wife who takes care of the children when they are sick, a wife who arranges to be around when the children need special care, because, of course, I cannot miss classes at school. My wife must arrange to lose time at work and not lose the job. It may mean a small cut in my wife's income from time to time, but I guess I can tolerate that. Needless to say, my wife will arrange and pay for the care of the children while my wife is working. I want a wife who will take care of MY physical needs. I want a wife who will keep my house clean. A wife who will pick up after me. I want a wife who will keep my clothes clean, ironed, mended, replaced when need be, and who will see to it that my personal things are kept in their proper place so that I can find what I need the minute I need it. I want a wife who cooks the meals, a wife I want a wife who is a GOOD cook. who will plan the menus, do the necessary grocery shopping, prepare the meals, serve them pleasantly, and then do the cleaning up while I do my studyI want a wife who will care for ing. me when I am sick and sympathize with my pain and loss of time from school. I want a wife to go along when our family takes a vacation so that someone can continue to care for me and my children when I need a rest and change of scene. I want a wife who will.not bother me with rambling complaints about a wife's duties. But I want a wife who will listen to me when I feel the need to explain a rather difficult point I have come across in my course of studies, and I want a wife who will type my papers for me when I have written them. I want a wife who will take care of the details of my social life. When my wife and I are invited out by my friends, I wanta wife who will take care of the babysitting arrangements. When I meet people at school that I like and want to entertain, I want a wife who will have the house clean, will prepare a special meal, serve it to me and my friends, and not interrupt when I talk about the things that interest me and my friends. I want a wife who will have arranged that the children are fed and ready for bed be -. fore my guests arrive so that the children do not bother us. And I want a wife who knows that sometimes I need a night out my myself. I want a wife who is. sensitive to my sexual needs, a wife who makes love passionately and eagerly when I feel PEANUT BUTTER IN AN ELECTRIC BLENDER: BOYCOTT KRAFT Makes 6 ounces peanut butter. Be sure blender container is completely dry. 1. Empty 1 cup shelled fresh or vacuum-packed peanuts into the container. Cover and blend on highest speed for 5 seconds. 2. Add 1 tablespoon vegetable oil to the ground nuts, cover and blend on medium speed for about 60 seconds, or until nuts are ground and churned into peanut butter. 3. Put in a jar with a tight fitting cover. Store in the refrigerator. NORTHERN WOMEN'S CENTRE like it, a wife who makes sure that I am satisfied. And of course, I want a wife who will not demand sexual attention when I am not in the mood for it, I want a wife who assumes the complete responsibility for birth control, because I do not want more children. I want a wife who will remain sexually faithful to me so that I do not have to clutter up my intellectual life with jealouies. And I want a wife who understands that MY sexual needs may entail more than strict adherence to monogamy. I must after all, be able to relate to people as fully as possible. If, by chance, I find another person more suitable as a wife than the wife I already have, I want the liberty to replace my present wife with another one. Naturally, I will expect a fresh, new life: my wife will take the children and be solely responsible for them so that I am left free. When I am through with school and have a job, I want my wife to quit working and remain at home so that my wife can more fully and completely take care of a wife's duties. My God, who WOULDN'T want a wife? by Judy Syfers Since September 15, the Northern Women's Centre has been in a new location. When the Y announced it's decision to sell the building on Archibald Street, we were given a month's notice. With limited funds for rent, and few choices available, we had not found anything suitable by end, month's and we were given an extension of two weeks. During that time a woman involved in Women's Centre agreed to rent the first floor of her home to us. As tenants of the YMCA, our relationship with the staff was always amicable. Director Robin Wilson, Roberta Mills and Ed Heinz deserve special thanks. We are aware our 'radical' image has necessitated their 'going to bat' for us many times. We are now comfortably situated at 120 West Amelia Street (directly behind the Toronto Dominion bank on West Frederica Street). The entrance is at the back of the house. There is a volunteer staff person regularly at the Centre on Mondays and Tuesdays, 9 through 5, and periodically on Fridays. The phone number is still 622-3989. Regular meetings (socializing get-togethers for now) are every second Thursday. The next meetings will be October 23 and November 6. The next issue will have an article on "Where we've been 014 0+kt 044 04.20 and where we're going" with Centre activities. the northern woman page (12) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �the northern woman page ( 13) Welcome to Fort Frances Profile on Pioneer Women Personal Interview, ANSEA JOANNA MC- area. Betty had become able LELLAND to help Ansea is ninety three. She is named Ansea because, as 1964, Ansea was eighty two, and whe had to make what she says was the hardest decision of her entire life. She found she could, together with Betty , have a room in Riiny Crest home for the she said, 'my mother had run out of enthusiasm for children and names by the time I arrived. I was the seventh child. So, when the doctor suggested to her how was happy ,to oblige.' Ansea began as a second American. Her grandparents emigrated to generation 'lite first night we were from Norway, and the family subsequently Wisconsin here,' she said, 'Betty woke me up to ask, 'Mum, do you became dairy farmers there. There was a great love and respect for education in our background, she said being a like this place? 'Of course! I said, `do youl'Oh, yes,' she said, 'I do, I do. It's just like the Marlborough Hotel in girl did not deter me from Winnipeg.' She sounded so thrilled, I knew I had made the right decision. I realized graduating from the University of Wisconsin.' Her husband-to-be, a Canadian, William James McLelland, played football for Wiscon- way as an engineer. 'I loved community spirit of the that early time,' Ansea recalls, 'I was interested in poetry and drama, and I directed several plays, my first child was born there--as bonnie a boy as you would want to see. It seemed as though nothing could hap- In 1923, our daughter Betty was born and became a factor in all pen to us. decisions we made then and I still make.' Betty was injured at birth by what Ansea feels was an incompetent medical man, more the house. In aged in tort Frances. Betty's sake, I felt I must make a break with the past.' So she sold her home, and her treasures away, and came to live in rainy Crest. nice it would be if I were named after his wife, she sin. They married in 1909 and went immediately to Hannah, Alberta, where he went to work for the rail- in she needed the color and concerned with saving time than in assisting with what should have been a normal birth. This view was reinforced by the countless journeys they made seeking help for Betty. By this time, they had been town transferred to the of Rainy River in Northern Ontario. 'I went for a ride along the river', she said, 'and I was persuad- ed that here was the most beautiful country in all the world. I still think so. It was here I realized there was no help for Betty outside myself, and I determined that she would realize all the potential she had. Because I liked golf. we made a small putting green on our lawn, and the neighbours soon got used to seeing Betty trying to put mind and body to the task of movement of people around her. She helps with the coffee. Everybody loves her. She loves everybody.' Ansea says, 'I am not what you might call a success, but I have done the thing most sinking the shot.' women do very well, I 'have taken the fabric life gave me born, a son, and she tells how Betty loved the baby and made as lovely a thing as I could out of it. Women need beauty in their lives. If it is not found outwardly, Ansea's third child was and how she, Ansea, refused to let her hold hp until she spoke the word baby: and how Betty, who had shown no inclination to speak until this time, finally screamed the magic word. In 1965, Ansea's husband died. She had seen her sons become professional men, one a doctor and one a professor, both leaving the then we must find it inward- ly. Betty at 53, wears the unlineu tace of one who has perfect confidence in the goodness of her human family. She radiates affection. Ansea is responsible for this, which makes her a fitting subject for our celebration of the best that is in us for our first new issue. LETTERS CONT' D Dear Sisters Enclosed find love gift for your newsletter. We must keep it thriving. It is a voice, a true voice that calls us to consider all that we are. Keep it cool and keep it honest and let the chips fall where they may. Woman's relation to woman is a fascinating theme in itself. The fact that men have made laws knowing women will police women to enforce them shows how deeply our divisions are. If women ever become champions of their own sex we could pack the parlia- ment. It makes my 60-year-old blood run hot just to think of it. The fact that two political parties will have women in a leadership race this year makes me wonder if we will placidly survey a stacking of the cards against them without protest. Gert Beadle Editors note: Gert sent us the above donation after reading the last issue, on children, of The Northern Woman. Some of us next met her at the National Women's Centres Conf. in March, where she impressed us with her poetry and philosophy Since that time Gert decided she wanted to bo one of the collective. She has been a real inspiration to us particularily durthe times we thought we would never get this, our first tabloid, finished. To know her is to love her. Age has not been a barrier in the bonds of sisterhood between us, and this collective is fortunate indeed to have her with us in our struggle. A collection of Gert's poetry is presently being compiled through the Feminist News Service and will be published by a women's press. The proceeds are to go the the Women's Liberation Movement via Women's Centres in Canada. C C C Thunder Bolt, A Thunder Bolt for Eleanor Jacobson of Kenora for shaming her tribe in the year of woman. May the Great Spirit cause her to daily confront herself in the mirror of life till she realizes there is nobody there. Thunder Clap, A Thunder Clap for Rosemary Brown for making the word `feminist' a beautiful, gutsy thing for any woman to be. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Getting Rid of Sexism Sexism, in its original sense, referred to prejucice against the female sex. In a broader sense, the term now indicates any arbitrary stereotyping of males and females on the basis of their gender. McGraw-Hill Publishing Co has designed a set of guide/lines to make its staff mem'hers and authors aware of the ways in which males and females have been stereotyped in publications; to Show the role language has played in reinforcing inequality. Job stereotypes (a) Though many women will continue to choose traditional occupations such as homemaker or secretary, women should not be typecast in these roles but shown in a verity of professions and trades. (b) Similarly, men should not be shown as constantly subject to the "masculine mystique" in their interests and attitudes. They should not be made to feel that `their self-worth depends entirely upon their income level or job status. (c) No job should be considered sex-typed, and it should never be implied that certain jobs are incompatible with a woman's "femininity" or a man's "masculinity". Thus women as well as men should be shown as accountants, engineers, pilots etc. while men as well as women whould be shown as nurses, gradeschool teachers typists, etc. Women within a profession whould be shown at all professional levels including top levels. Women should be portrayed in positions of authority over men and over other women, and there should be no implication that a man loses face or a woman faces difficulty if the employer or supervisor is a woman. All work should be treated as honorable and worthy of reInstead women and spect. men should be offered more options than were available to them when work was stereotyped by sex. "Masculine" and "feminine" (a) Members of both sexes should be shown as having human strengths and weaknesses, not masculine or feminine ones. Characteristics that have traditionally been praised in males --such as boldness, initiative and assertiveness- should also be praised in Characteristics females. that have been praised in females--such as gentleness, compassion, and sensitivity--should also be praised in males. (b) Women and girls should be shown as logical thinkers problem solvers, and decision makers. They should be shown as interested in their work, pursuing a variety of career goals, and both deserving of and receiving public recognition for their accomplishments. (c) In descriptions of women, a patronizing tone should be avoided, as should sexual innuendos, jokes, and TO be avoided: focuspuns. ing on physical appearance (a buxom blonde): using special female-gender word forms (poetess, aviatrix, usherette):portraying the typical woman as weak, helpless, or hysterical; making women figures of fun or objects of scorn and treating their issues as humorous or unimportant. Examples of steroetyping:to be avoided; scatterbrained female, catty gossip, henpecking shrew, frustrated spinster. Jokes at women's expense--such as the woman driver or nagging mother-in-law cliches- are to be avoided. the girls or the NO: ladies (when adult females the are meant). YES: women. girl, as in, I'll NO: girl check that. have YES: I'll have my secretary check that. (Or use the person's name.) in Publications ,NO: salesman. YES: sales representative; sales-person; sales clerk. NO:chairman. YES: presiding officer, coordinator,'chairperson. NO: foreman, YES: supervisor. (d) Language that assumes all readers are male should be avoided. NO: You and your wife. YES: You and your spouse. ings. Equal treatment (e) Males should not always be in first order of (a) Parellel language should be used for men mention. Instead, alternate the order: woman and and women. man, gentlemen and ladies. NO: the men and the ladies. YES: the men and the women, or the ladies and the gentlemen. NO: man and wife. YES: husband and wife. (b) A woman should be referred to by name in Ontario Regional Day Care the same way that a man is Conferences, Sponsored by NO: Bobby Riggs and Billie the Ont. Welfare Council. YES: Bobby Riggs an L Jean. Northern Conf.--Thunder Billie Jean King. Bay, Nov. 14-1t. EveryNO: Mrs. Meir and Moshe one Welcome write Kate Dayan. YES: Golda Meir Sikerbol, Social Planning (c) Different nomenCouncil, 409A George St., clature should not be used "Phone (807) 623-7017. for the same job according to whether it is held by a WATCH Channel 8, Cable tv male or female. example: series on the Suffragette flight attendant, not steward or stewardess; Movement. Listed as Masterpolice officer, not police (sic) piece Theatre--Sun. at 9:00 and Fri. repeated. (If man or policewoman. you have difficulty receivin (d) Different pronouns should not be linked with Channel 8, adjust your fine tuning.) HIGHLY RECOMMENDED certain work or occupat- What Goe on Here! uy moss °I us wno nave seen NO: libber (a putdown). YES: feminist, liberation- BITTERSWEET ist. People words In references to hu(a) manity at large, language should operate to include women and girls. Here are some possible substitutions for man-words: NO: mankind. YES: humanity, human race, people. man's achievements. NO: human achievements. YES: the best man for the NO: the best person YES: job. (or candidate) for the job. YES: NO: manpower. human power or energy, workers, work force. Avoid, when possible (b) the pronouns he, him and his in reference to the hypothetical person or humanity in general. The average American NO: drinks his coffee black. YES: The average American drinks black coffee. Occupational terms (C) ending in man should be replaced by terms that can include members of either sex unless they refer to a particular person. NO: businessman. YES: business executive; busmanager. insurance man. YES: NO: insurance agent. ions on the assumption that the worker is always (or usually) female or Instead, either or male. pluralize or use he or she she or he, or s/he. NO: the consumer...she. YES: consumers...they. NO: the secretary...she. YES: secretaries...they. NO: the breadwinner...his earnings. YES: the breadwinner..his or her earn Bittersweet, an the first few programs. exhibition of women in Ontario: 1900-1975, will be at Confederation College of Applied Arts and Technology, in the Concourse, from November 1 to 8. Through the imaginative use of cartoons, photographs and original graphics, Bittersweet reflects attitudes which have shaped women's lives the last 75 years. It reveals, sometimes whimsically, the achievements and defeats of the women of this province. An eclectic vision, Bittersweet encompasses the lives and personalities of Ontario women as diverse as Agnes Macphail, the first female member of Parliament, and Roza Brown, the infamous prospector from Kirkland Lake. By inviting you to pose behind the figure of a glamourous 'beauty queen', in the old fashion circus manner, Bittersweet spoofs this stereotype. It pokes fun at the advertising world's empty-headed housewife; urges women to become more politically active; documents the number of women elected to Parliament; the legal status of women and the official history of the Person's Case of 1929, whereby Canadian women were legally recognized as people. Bittersweet is a visually exciting and stimulating display which has been researched, designed and assemblFinanced by ed by five energetic Toronto women. government and corporate grants, Bittersweet will be touring to thirteen communities throughout Ontario. CONFEDERATION COLLEGE The College has appointed a new Supervisor of Women's Programs, Lynne Thornburg, to work with the Director of Women's Programs, Ruth Cunningham. Together they will continue to offer courses designed to be particular interest to women. For example , this January Women in Canadian Literature, and Women in of History will be offered. Also, Assertiveness Training is scheduled to ilappen, and. A Look at Housework is in the planning stages for January. Contact either Ruth or Lynne to learn more about Women's Programs. Is there something you would like to see happen, some ideas you __have for courses? They are the wnmen to talk tn PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copythe of northern CVISION PDFCompressor woman page (14) �Being a woman is: coming home from work--and starting in to work: unpack groceries, fix supper, wash up the dishes, rinse out some laundry, etc., etc. - CHAUVINISM - unreasoning attachment to one's group feeling responsible for more lives--your kids, your man's, your parents--but never, never your own life - MALE CHAUVINIST - a man who exhibits unreasonong attachment to his sex FEMALE CHAUVINIST - a woman who exhibits unreasoning attachment to her sex - discovering you need an abortion and really learning for the first time what your man, your parents and your society think of you--frequently, paying for that knowledge with your life learning to be very tactful if you have men working "under you"--more likely, learning to always be working - (The Ku Klux Klan were chauvinists.) OLD MASCULINIST - woman's place is in the home - they are biologically inferior - they are mentally and physically unable to do a man's work NEW MASCULINIST - women have a special place in life - willing to admit we are intelligent but still limited under men - becoming an executive, and being asked to order the delicatessen food for an office party getting older, getting lonelier, getting ready to die, and knowing that it wouldn't have had to be this way, after - all. Selections taken from Barbarous Rituals, a chapter in Sisterhood is Powerful. wages for housework, OLD FEMINISTS - believe women can be like men - "Anything you can do I can do better." hour day, 7 days a week? Why, after all that work should she get no recognition, NEW FEMINISTS - sex roles are obsolete out to work, on top of all we have to do Why should a housewife work a 24 and no money she can call her own? Why should women nowadays be forced to go at home? Why should we go home from a job to work in our kitchens for free while REFORMED FEMINISTS - desire to work within the system for change men doing overtime are earning extra money? RADICAL FEMINISTS - Cultural - women's oppression is caused by men - Socialist - call for dramatic social change - capitalism is the cause of women's and men's oppression Some people will say it's because we do this work for ourselves and for our families. We do. But a lot of other people are making money out of our labour. If we didn't do housework and raise children, industry, government, and.everything else would grind to a halt. The money for wages for housework must come from the government and from all the employers who couldn't do without our work. They may say they can't afford it, but they're holding on to the wealth that we create, REACTIONARY FEMINISTS - manhaters - would like to do to men what they did to us which we need now more than ever. While we're gathering the strength and numbers to win this we will fight for the time and money we're entitled to wher- SEXISM - the superiority of one sex over the other is enforced either tacitly or overtly or both ever we can get them. Women are always struggling for time and money. Women have been protesting SEXIST - anything or anyone who practices the above and backing up their claims in various ways. Sitting in with children at Social Security and Welfare Offices, non-payment of rent and utility bills, demanding LIBERATED PERSON - one who is aware of the implic4tions of the actions of him or herself and others and who recognizes the equality of all people and who practices it paid time off from outside jobs to do shopping and to look after the children are just a few examples. Women have learned to fight back. Wel info fkz. ce vviFNS THIS YEAR THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA PLEDGED FIVE MILLION DOLLARS TO BE USED THROUGH THE SECRETARIAT AND THE SECREL'ARY OF STATE FOR "INTERNATIONAL WOMEWS YEAR". WOMEN COMPRISE A SLIM MAJORITY OF THE POPULATION OF CANADA. NEXT YEAR THE GOVERNMENT HAS PLEDGED FIFTYFIVE MILLION DOLLARS TOWARDS THE UNITED STATES CELEBRATION OF THEIR BICENTENNIAL. EVERY IN OCTOBER THE GOVERNMENT IS EVALUATING IWY. WOMAN IN CANADA SHOULD ALSO BE THERE TO GIVE THE REACTION OF THE WOMEN OF CANADA TOWARDS THE INEFFECTUAL ACTIONS THAT THE GOVERNMENT TOOK THIS YEAR. OCTOBER 25TH IN OTTAWA. SEND DELEGATES BE THERE! AND SUPPORT, IT'S TIME TO MAKE OUR VOICES HEARD. h -1/4vist-s beLp cued YYTAIf_ 5 4>e_rkim C Or\ 4-Ck. f COT(Ipiae h (.,t vno. \r\ S 0)(1.411ktA re- rovY) rn -4\P s of c0-1(20,-(--se u, L coct r290c1i'ae. us.4.5 Lo. 51'\(-3W)P\ as otAr r51,-PrI rtc. rhc.. Ke Tor-me 4. 7 \ the northern woman page (15 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Men With Men Most women tend to believe the gutsy beer commercials that show men having 'robust good times', off with their buddies, away from women. According to a psychologist involved with the men's liberation movement, this is a myth. "Men's relationships with other men are very poor. Many men say in C.R. that they haven't had a male friend since they were 14. Men are taught that they must get their main emotional fulfillment from a relationship CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING: A WAY TOWARD MEN'S LIBERATION The unliberated man patronizes and uses women; has no real male friends, only a peer group he must impress. He ignores his children, and leaves them to the "little woman," unless they in some way reflect on his image of himself, (i.e. if his son is good at sports). The unliberated man "keeps a stiff upper lip," never admits a weakness; won't ask directions until hopelessly lost; never cries; and never loses his cool. He dominates conversations with women and subordinates men by steering all talk to his area of interest and expertise. The unliberated man totally defines himself by his job and his income. He constantly compares himself with other men's successes and failures. His purpose in life is to go from success to success. The more money he makes, and the more expensive trappings he can flaunt, the better person he thinks he is. This is a portrait of a human isolated from women, other men, children, and even from his own feelings. This is the man that the men's liberation movement wants to reach. From the very beginning of the Feminist movement it was said that men must be liberated, too. However, most men tended to laugh off this idea. "There is a tendency among men to regard liberation as a 'women's problem', not men's, we're fine just the way we are," states Warren Farrell, men's liberation spokesperson and writer, "wheras in Sweden, liberation is regarded as equally a concern of men and women, and is referred to as the 'sex role debate'". That is, the Swedes are able to see sex roles as affecting the whole fabric of society, not just a few dissatisfied women. _ a way with the opposite sex." Contrary to the image of male friendships in movies and in T.V. commercials, male relationships in real life are businesslike and superficial. Men might benefit from the C.R. group by learning to confide their true feelings to a group of men they would normally be closed with. They could develop trusting friendships instead of coming on like Mr. Cool to other men. toward men's liberatio n . Despite this prejudice, the idea of men's liberation is slowly gaining ground and the way in which it most often begins, is through the men's consciousness raising group. The male rap group is a gathering of equals, which may or may not have a leader directing discussion. They meet to discuss such topics as men's relationships with women, with other men, sex roles and sexism. The group is both supportive "(offering empathy and understanding) and challenging because of the ingrained quality of male role socialization in America. The very nature of men's problems; their fear of looking too closely at themselves, their inability to be vulnerable, to admit weakness, makes it doubly difficult for them to seek help at a consciousness raising session. In his book The Liberated Man, Farrell maintains that the unique aspect of men's C.R. groups is, for the first time, "men learn to ask a peer for help." Usually this peer group of males is the one with which the man would be the most dishonest and closed. "As each man learns to confide in his peers, he learns that all men have similar problems. He comes to regard his unmet expectations not as unique failures which need psychological help, but as false measures of manhood." The Provider Women wonder why men are so inextricably wrapped up in their jobs, why it is that if men lose their jobs, they seem to lose their identities. Psychologist Pleck says, "it's because men aren't trained to get satisfaction out of other things in life. Losing a job is much more of a problem if nothing else in your life is satisfying. And, there is tremendous training and socialization of men to evaluate and compare them-selves by their occupations." In C.R. sessions men might discuss ways to share the breadwinner role with their spouse (assuming they shared domestic chores as well) so that each could have more free Men could examine the way in which they time. are sold the success image by Madison Ave. Then they could evaluate how much of their obsession to work is to maintain an artificial status image. They could learn to balance their work, and to develop other areas of their verso their own 314.1a....aclzatjust a provider. Physical Contact: Touching Why can't a lot of men touch other men, or women? Pleck answers that the fear of touching women (except in a sexual context) is because of the male fear of coming into contact with his own emotions. "The one way that it is legitimate for men to get emotional support from women is sexually." "Men don't touch men," says Pleck, "because they are terrified of homosexuality. There is a little more physical contact among athletes, but it is very ritualized. For example, it's only o.k. to hug at certain times, like after the touchdown." Men who constantly repress their emotions get all sorts of stress related diseases like athsma, heart disease, ulcers, and high blood pressure. Sensitivity workshops could help men overcome these repressions, and enable them to get in touch with their emotions. In C.R. sessions straight men could re-examine the origins of their fears about gayness, and learn to recognize gay, men as brothers, and friends. A little research into the men's liberation movement enables women to see that men are locked into rigid sex roles as much as women are, and that the men's liberation movement compliments our own. by Joy Dunham err"-tirrE" HER-SELF March 1975 , ,---) w.,,,,, r1' ===r ----the northern woman page (16) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I' RETURN TO: THE NORTHERN WOMAN 316 Bay St. Thunder Bay, "P" Ontario. return postage guaranteed Poet Poston Canada PMye alb Pon Bulk En nombie troisierne Canada third class classe 220 (six IssuEs) 4.3 9-2 YEAR 7 0,Q BUSINESS OR LNST I Turtost GIFT' DON/AT-101i 5 GREAT FULLY ACCEPT-D WANT 70 GET INVOLVED ? CALL 345_5241 Awl WE'D. OR SWV. AF-Tfi PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 2 No 3 Description An account of the resource The Northern Woman: Women’s New Regional Journal Topics include: Editorial Policy Letters Port Arthur Clinic Strike & Allyship Women Solidarity Stereotypes & Sexism “Women’s Libber” Consciousness Raising Meetings Disarming Woman Hate Book Review Welfare for Women Housework/Unpaid Labour Gender Roles Ontario Native Women’s Association Mothers on Budgets Northwestern Ontario International Women’s Year Co-ordinating Council Report Marriage & Money Poetry Disability Justice Aging Crisis Housing for Women Kraftco Boycott Fort Frances Pioneer Women Sexism in Publishing Ontario Regional Day Care Conference Bittersweet Exhibition Women’s Studies Definitions Wages for Housework International Women’s Year Government Funding Men’s Liberation Authors/Contributors: Nena O’Neil George O’Neil Leni Gert Beadle* Marnie Smith Judy Syfers Joy Dunham Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2741/1975_Vol_2_No._4_CV01.pdf 63263aca527a97351634d7c0aeb21860 PDF Text Text NORTHERN Volume 2 Issue 4 V9MAN Womeirs 71.e.e. -) A-ey4.0174( jookiN( PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �'Dear readers: This journal with you, and hopefully you will respond with your interest The theme of this issue is "Women in Distress' We have eviewed issues and Areas which are particularly stressful to women. The abortion issue is still hotly debated, and the utcome will help to determine for many women and children he quality of life they will experience. We have looked at the problem of alcoholism as it relates to women. We have talked about the struggles of welfare women, working women and union women. We have looked at the area of health care and its nadequacies as they relate to women. are merely symptomatic of a social system which fails to recognize and basic human rights - the right to adequate food, shelter medical care - the right of each child to grow in peace. Too often, we focus on the "freedoms' we enjoy - the reedom to buy a white or a green dishwasher, the freedom to have one or two cars. We talk of the freedom of free speech, he freedom of the press, the freedom to belong to any political at our party, the freedom of choice. But when we look freedoms, we find they are often illusions of freedom. It is the talk time. Why people with money who get the press and the else must we form an altenative press? Our provincial government attempted to eradicate all political parties except the three largest. How great is our freedom of choice? Women who wish to choose whether to work inside or outside the home, find the choice less than free. We have to take into account the fact that we have very little day care at prices we are unable to afford on salaries that are far from adequate. and valuable If we, as women, wish to make lasting changes, we will have to address the underlying causes and not merely the symptoms. We will have to establish priorities and policies which grant each of us the very basic rights to which we should be entitled. and support. There is no way we can continue to keep unpaid subscribers on our mailing list. This journal must in the final analysis support itself or die. With the ,ailing of this issue we will therefore revise our list but not without regret for we truly believe we are POLICY he newsletter group, a separate yet supportve group of the Northern Women's Centre, eflects the complexity of the maxeuppf the orthern Women's Centre as a whole. an instrument of growth that you should respond to. PUT A CHEQUE IN THE MAIL, BE A SISTER: .."4" Irdsor.a....r.r.....vr.e.-T-..r.T.C.V.A...41. ear Editor; On behalf of the NorthwesInternational Ontario ern Year Co-ordinating omen's would like to indiCouncil, cate our feelings on crisis housing in Thunder Bay. During 1975, our Co-ordinating Council has on its list of priority projects - crisis housing. To this end, a grant was obtainI ed for assistance in setting up such a place in Thunder Bay. Our hope is that the purpose of such a refuge would be to assist "women in transition", who are in need of advice, job J.- V' .0 Dear Sisters: Abortion is one of the fundamental issues of woman's a right to choose, however in the where system rignt the to choose is governed only by the amount of capital one control5 one has at her disposal. There are women in this world, in this 'country who cannot conceive of women fighting for abortion. These women are poor, black, they have had forced Indian abortions, preventing them from having the children - they've wanted. In focusing our energies on counselling, encouragement, and roof over their a temporary this single "issue" women are need and want comfort, guid- great number of women in England, Canada, U.S.A., and heads. Women in this position ance, reassurance and relevant information and such interval housing should serve this purpose. EDITORIAL mailing list of over 700. With the a exception of exchanges most names have at one time been a paid up subscription. Into this office flows the life of the movement, an ongoing record of the hopes and thought and the creative talents of women to whom sisterhood has become a reality. We volunteer our time and energy to share this harves EDITORIAL Almost without exception, the problems we face is has Certainly the facilities should be well maintained and guidelines rules and drawn appropriate house up, but the top priority should be for the welfare and future of the women in the homes. Trained (women) counsellors should be available to talk to these women, try to 'build up their confidence, and inform them of their rights, and then help to direct them in the alienating and not speaking to Thirfd World countries, who are struggling for the basic right to have children without forced abortion. the only The only issue possible strategy to which we - one should apply ourselves which asks for capital for the money we so desperately need to take control over our work our minds our bodies. Wages for Housework S$. Then we can choose if we want children or abortions, marriage, to type, to serve, to smile, to screw, to be a lesbian, to be straight, to cook, to do whatever we want PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked eing a smaller, unified group, the editorial way in which they want to go. will attempt, This is not the time in their oard of THE NORTHERN WOMAN is - - bI .." Dear Sisters: Just read your latest issue and thought it was terrific. haven't seen one for quite I a Here's my cheque for $3.00, and keep up the good while. work! Anita Lange Dear Friends, Have received The Northern Woman regional journal in the mail. Your newletter has been sorely missed here for its information and contact but if this paper is the result of receiving no newsletters then - we rejoice! Marvellous, good work! Your first issue in newsprint looks really fine. Please do not take us off your mailing list. Do you have time to write us how the transition came about and why? want to also applaud your wages for housework content in the issue. Stand by for oui I special issue being put out by the Toronto WFH Comittee. Every distinct region in Canada should have a "regional journal". Perhaps, in your letter to us, you could write it so that other newsletters could learn from your experience so that we could print it as we evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �SOCIAL WORKERS DILEMMA The high cost of being a professional social worker is not something the average person you know food is hard to come by but pills are in plentiful thinks about. That the cost is less for those motivated by supply. What do you do she asks, if you are a single parent mother, economic status, professional recognition and other power trips is evident, but for the possibly you are parture of your last child and truly committed, those with a you realize with its leaving your basic source of income and security is gone. Would it be to desire real meet human have to jettison needs, who many an ideal for, a computerized formula, the price is exor- strange case in the cold light of reason, so the social worker can expect with you. What can you do if the you to move among the victimized portions of society system, that in has many been touched by the desperation thay have presumed to have all the answers never cases for. case- a worker asks when you see a woman under the care cf a psychiatrist with countless bottles of pills on her table, counter top, fridge and wherever else you could imagine. When her total income is $179 and her is you evicted if you live in low'. rental housing. Your mothers allowance may be cut off, you may have to pay back a suitable amouni: retroactive to your been down it, what can you do when you see what, for the Grace of God could have broken you, has broken her. When fall from Grace or endure the humiliation of signing an official document stating that you testimonials included here cannot convey the sense of The woman I asks fitted me with a diaphram. why? why? why? why? was I I became pregnant while wearing the diaphram. The same doctor treated this way.? confirmed my pregnancy and to pursuade me to go through with the pregnancy as tried My husband and had one fights in which he physically abusive in front of our child. I convinced he said I would be sorry later. I explained I was not prepared to marry the man by whom I became pregnant, that I had locked him out as I was been unemployed and had just obtained a job; and that felt I of many became him to cool off by c ng for a walk. I very frightened. Het ed to get back in by breakin j the door locked down with an axe. myself in the bedroom and I I I should be the one to decide whether to go through with the pregnancy or not. The doctor phoned the operator who called agreed to refer me to a psychiatrist. had a brief conversation the O.P.P. The police arrived with the psychiatrist which did and took him away. My eight year old and I managed to get a I not deal with my being pregnant, however I did tell him little rest. My husband arrived home at 8:30 a.m. and informed me the O.P.P. had checked about the birth control meth- motel down the for an abortion. My doctor said if had $250., (which don't), him into a road for 'his' own good and left him at his word not to , was using. have since been informed I am not eligible ods I I I I I could go to Minneapolis. I 5 points 5 points inadequate bathroom facilities . 5 points . I for other unsatisfactory conditions. 2 points (must be specified) Receiving the maximum points for the above can total 30 points. for waiting: points. 1 year 2 years Other ways to gain points: Residency in Thunder Bay (up 3 -years 1 point 2 points 4 points 6 points 8 points 4 years 5 years 10 points. 6years The good and caring social worker must challenge the system. When she ceases to question she has become a robot and hence a liability to human progress. We can help if we are informed as to the role plays and the things that trouble her about that role. If .she you are a social worker in Northwestern Ontario, if your area of concern is people, you have-something to contribute to this dialogue. woman wheliglititatinfalliers There Was an old With ail this red tape, what else could she do am a mother. have three children. left them eight years ago. It all happened while I was separated from my husband. At I I kids. My husband paid the rent, his way of keeping tabs on me and at the same this was time seeing the children once a week. The tell her the same thing, she'd phone me quite upset, I'd feel worse. He was so pSychotic felt he might carry out this I threat. refused to let him in the I house to see the kids if he was by himself as I was very frightened of him. He has sent me to the hospital before with injuries requiring stitches. One morning he came to the house around 6 o'clock. The kids were sleeping. He broke the lock on the door and came in. He jumped on me in bed. struggled, but was trying not to make any noise because I didn't I want to wake the kids. So I lying there. Afterwards when he let me up I was bleeding so I got dressed and used a pad. My babysitter came about ended up just I here Two days later when I went home Vic wouldn't leave. That night after supper still he wouldn't leave so I walked out. My friend tried to get me to go back because of the kids but I was too scared to do it while he was still there. For two nights I stayed with a friend. Then moved into a hotel.... The only time went back to that house was to get my I I separation was quite strained at the time. One of the reasons being he kept telling me he was going to kill himself. Then he'd call his mother and' I help me. 3C . lack of recreation space 2 points years, 2 points, etc) Notice to vacate other than was open and honest with both doctors believing would b( left the kids able to have an abortion. an this time and now angry and desperate anc with her. My husband was still looking for an illegal abortion there. Instead of going to school I went to a friend's The Women's Centre wa: sympathetic but not able tc house and broke down. From I received no protection but was left to the mercy of this maniac who could have returned to carry out his threat to kill me. bother me. overcrowding disrepair to 10 year), (1 year, 1 point; 2 the time I was going to school and supporting myself and the My doctor recommended an I.U.D. and not the pill for birth control as I am prone to possible side effects of the pill. infected from the became I.U.D. and the same doctor frustration, anger, distress and in some cases acceptance that were expressed during the relating of these events. Without each HOUSING: following criteria used to estab- I testimonies drunkne Percent of income spent maxi- of a recipient of mother's allowance is a matter of grave concern. Straying from the straight and narrow may get not even aware of her being points. The big computer is also the keeper of virtue it seems, and what goes on in the bedroom financial predicament. When the road sne has travelled has been so bitter and cruel and so familiar to you for you have exception rent: 0 to 25% no point: 26% to 29% 3 points 30% to 34% 5 points 35% to 39% 10 points 40% to 49% 15 points 50% or over 20 points Abnormal financial commit. tments 15 points Separated families because (21 lack of accomodation . . .15 points Aggravated health factors because of present accomodation 15 points The waiting period can be used to gain points if there has been no offer for accomodation-extra the (cause parties, damage, etc - rent is $170, when her psychic= Grist viewer you are to eat she must find a place for not more that $75. If she is unable to do this, she must consult the big computer and it will tell her to be object. ive in other words, forget it. right to their do, cause PRESENT CONDITIONS OF I place you deserve. She's a little handicapped, of course, since if own individuality. What do you acquire an OHC housing unit. (the numbers listed represent the maximum number of points. Judgement of the interdetermines mum or less.) though understand theres a half-assed promise of one laying round somewhere. Information which is not generally made public is the case worker is looking for this the case-worker a in common law hanky panky. Although this machine is impervious to sentiment of any kind, gossip and innuendo will light up all its buttons and send it vomitting out eviction notices without having to justify its actions. Unfortunately we are not sufficiently civilized to have an appeal board that will hear your defence alengage society thinks you deserve. The own impotence, a system mat OHC's Point System Upon acquiring enough one can will not will find you the kind of place gle with a system mired in its neither nor the case if you're you hands of the social worker. She The good and caring social worker doesn't last, she burns out, not from a.heavy case load but from the day to day struggives can't work, swear a shade too young for the pen- lish elegibility for tenancy in sion, if your disability allow- Thunder Bay low rental housance is $130 and you have a ing. We believe it should be notice of eviction? Where can public knowledge, and perhaps you take the furniture you have it will be of interest to our lovingly cared for, because it's readers. the only thing you have ever owned. The answer lies in the without questioning the criteria that has been formulated by a hierarchy if you felt panic, fear, resentment for the years you played the role of mother? Could you be excused if you played sick to keep your child bitant. As the young nurse is conditioned to examine every to be programmed to fit handicapped, when faced with the de- solemnly it was a short trip to the was nineteen when had my second child. The doctor I I was too young to have my tubes tied. He prescribed said I the "pill". I got pregnant again. learned after, the "pill" is not reliable during the first month. The doctor did not tell me I that. I should have used a- nother means of birth control during this period. clothes. I had went off the pill. When missed my period the doctor informed me this was "normal". Later, was told by a second doctor this was "normal" A third doctor said I had an infection. Finally after weeks of worry the fouth doctor informed me I was in fact I I By my calculation pregnant. approx 16 weeks. This fourth doctor and one other arranged for me to have a therapeutic abortion. I entered the hospital and was prepared for a hystotomy, then at the last minute the fifth docor said the board had refused my case. I was sent home. By this late date I had to either go though with the pregnancy or go over to the States. I went to the States. More TESTIMONIES FROM WOMEN in the next issue doctor's and then the hospital. 3 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �MOTHER was a DYKE by Reva WHAT DOES IT MEAN to be a mother? What does it mean to be a lesbian mother? These two questions are fully related as motherhood itself is a large and unending task and being a lesbian just adds that much more pressure to the issue. As the mother of an 8-year-old daughter and as a lesbian who shares her life with a lover, I feel prepared to make a few comments on the subject of lesbians as mothers related and prob- lems. My own personal ex- perience has been positive so far but, dire consequences could have resulted from a of incidents. The main problem, I find, is trynumber the people she has felt free with have not freaked out or reacted badly. am waiting I for the axe to fall one day, or have we really reached the age of enlightenment? requests many get I from my daughter. "Bring me a. father." "Why don't you get married?" "I want a sister or a brother." Any divorced or widowed mother must get the same requests, but do they feel the impossibility of fulfilling such demands? I do not plan to create such an environment for her and must repeat time am happy and again that being gay and with my woman. As she gets older, I pleas these more become happiness and rightness versus the "don't tell people" infrequent. As a matter of fact, I do believe she has accepted us as a couple and loves us both as parent fig- attitude one must adopt with children. If it is so good and mother and her lover are so still the attitude of "you are cheating me out of a father, to balance the fact of ing happy, why can't my child speak freely of this to any and averyone she feels like telling about it? Obviously we know the answer but how does one make it sensible to a child? I haven't fully solved this problem so far and my daughter's; pronouncements could have created havoc on a number of occasions. It is only with a bit of luck that ures. Occasionally there, is sister, brother, a normal life" but we can cope with it. AS with any adoptive parent, there is always the problem of acceptance on both sides. The lover must accept the fact that she, too, constitues an authoritative figure, must be prepared to mete out punishment when needed, when love and to respect this new authority and if possible, to love her as well. In our home, both aspects have come to maturity and there is a good balance of war and peace and a lot of loving for everyone. How do feel about my child choosing a gay lifedon't bestyle? Personally lieve we have any control over the sexual identification I I of our children. Weren't our straight? parents want I many things for my child: a strong sense of self worth, an ability to give and receive love, an inner peace, the ability to cope with whatever life happens to dish up. If she can incorporate all these ideals then where she sleeps, or with whom will make little difference to me. are many other There problems related to being a lesbian mother but since they aren't my present problems I have decided not to go into them. Being a mother is no easy task. Being gay comes with its own set of problems. Being a mother gay is combination of both. being a mother and I I a like like being a dyke, too. reprinted from Nov. 1975. times, gay needed. The child naust learn "111111111Iliwonloolll A HITCH TO THE HOOTCH alcohol Though has beer associated, at Ieasttraditionally, with strong male sit around the pub holding their liquor types, this is proving to be quite misleading. Women dig holding their liquor too - though many Some researchers feel that women don't constitute enough of a statistic to even be included in most studies, whereas, women are in fairly isolated situations, and studies would have to be taken to the en- for different (vis-a-vis men) reasons and not with the vironment familiar to them, e.g. same glossy social approval men have developed for themselves. As more information starts haven't been done sufficiently times to drip out of the male dominated poll taking world we start to hear of a higher occurrence of female alcoholism, and we start to believe that awareness and support should be developed (along with a little understanding of cause and effect.) Femininity has generally meant the home. As these studies yet, we can't really say what of alcoholics are percentage women though indications are that there are more than the LCB and/or government would like to be held responsible for. indicated, information As is regarding women vs. liquor Limited but here are a feW generalizations made which might be valid. It seems women these broad generalizations we understand that anyone addicted to anything in this society has a massive chore to up enough motivation to change. The forces working against us push us toward self destruction and addiction and until the roots of these forces muster are dug up, and good health doesn't seem like an anti-social disease, cannot we expect sweeping strides toward mental and physical well being. It has been difficult for so many of us being isolated and unsure of ourselves. Women that have come from situations such as broken homes, poverty, alcoholic parents have had a hard struggle to stay on top of it all. The Women's Liberation Movement hopefully will, or has, begun the establishment of being neat, pretty and most of all in control. Now Alcohol just doesn't fit into that definition - do not start drinking to excess until relatively latiz20's - 40's when the oppression of therefore women have not been womans' role appears most stark, children are grown, the future seems too predictable. a healthy woman image. Now we're becoming stronger and hpefully can eventually Generally a large group turns to drink as an anti-depressant, a non prescription drug showing, possibly that there was a deeper emotional need before the alcohol replaced it as the oversymptorn. It is a fairly well known fact that women out number Bonnie Beckwoman taken from Pedestal, Jan. 1974 to expose any of their drink or drug habits without able suffering the most abrupt conflict of image. We tend to hide out, slipping out to the liquor store before anyone catches us and slipping before anyone home knows we're gone. Women tend to be so secretive that the back woman next door may be an alcoholic and no one will ever find out. Alcoholism has been among women so extremely unac- socially that many have gone for years without consulting a physician for general medical reasons, in fear ceptable she tion. might disclose the addic- men radically in mental hospitals and psychiatric outpatient turn to each other for support instead of the laundry hamper. CI OP ° clinics. Women respond best to indi- vidual attention and treatment for alcohol addiction. This is in very sharp contrast to the pattern of effective treatment for men, where-group indulgence A WOMAN'S CREDITisUNION common and group -treatment most positive. Though make that in We have justwe learned the city of Toronto a Credit union for women has just been formed. If we are persuaded Something to, think about and we will have further informa- tion in later issues as we cor- respond with this credit union and see how it works and is working. IN that freedom begins and is being on weighted heavily responsible in and capable money matters we will think soberly about the implications this new venture coud have on us as women who are about to THE IMAGE OF WOMEN AS OBJECT OF AGRESSION new independance consider PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Every day women are prefor ourselves and hopefully for a our sisters. sented as being appropriate �TriblidAN For 16 weeks, during the past year four women in Thunder Bay undertool( a "Women and Stress" probe, with a grant from the Dept. of Nat'l Health and Welfare. The following information is from the detailed report, compiled in Sept. 1975. The complete report is on file at the office of The Northern Woman. and STRESS ceive as stressors of everyday living. Once these are identified approaches to deal with them can be suggested, alternatives offered, preparation and internalization and socialization of these means presented. Individuals then have the options to activily integrate their lives in a more comfortable Respondents judgements of their own physical health, mental and emotional health, and physical fitness is totally subjective. Interviewers often felt the women responding were either unaware or unable to admit or recognize her own image. The most common was being overweight. Table 2 is the respondents self rating. way. The concept of stress has to this time been almost exclusively applied to those life events of a crisis or occassional nature in terms of available research. The concept that ongoing types of stress could and do lead to physical and psychological illness and breakdown has since been widely introduced by Dr. Hans Selye, currently of the University of Montreal. Discussions with the Northern Women's Centre, the Laxehead Social Planning Council Daycare Committee, the Director of the Family Life program at Laxehead University, as well as other resource persons, led us to address the research to the problems faced by non-working mothers, with children under the age of fourteen. It was our impression that many factors combine to create stress for these women: lacx of adequate daycare; absence of spouse through death, divorce, or temporary absence in the case of bush worxers, trucx drivers, salesmen, lack of supportive groups such as family, close friends, or women's groups; inadequate housing situations; socioeconomic status; mobility and access to transportation; perception The inherent difficulty of measuring the physiological effects of everyday stress situations over a period of time, caused the reliance for stress information to be the self-disclosure of the respondent "feeling upset". The incidence of headaches, increased heartbeat, mood change, depression, seems to indicate an accurate subjective reporting of physiological effect. Respondents often used the terminology "My nerves are bad when.... happens", "I don't seem to have enough energy", as well as reports of itching, hives, sxin eruptions, or scratching and stomach aches. Women reported when they felt a case of "nerve" coming on they did such and such. The respondents seemed to want to change or make more effective ways of reducing A common exstressful situations. ample was "Yelling" at their children which may have resolved the immediate situation with the children, but created stressful feeling about themselves. The criteria for development of the stress profile will be concerned with the negative stress. The interviewers explained to the women that a response of "never" meant the situation caused no noticeable effect on their A response of "seldom" meant mood. that when the situation occurred there was a noticeable but small change in mood, physical activity or behavior. A response of "sometimes" meant the situation caused very noticA eable effect on-their mood, etc. response of often meant a disturbing change in mood, etc. Data collection was done through A total the interviewing process. of 352 valid interviews were ob- median of all scores for that particular situation. It is the intent of this study to make a plea for more research to be directed to the everyday situations that women deal with and perceive as stressful in negative or troublesome ways. It is our hypothesis that daily distress situations may not have the magnitude of "life change" or "life crisis" events, but are of significant importance in the illness behavior and health behavior of women. There is also the suggesstion that daily stress may have a greater and more intense cumulative effect than crisis stress. The popularization of Transcendental Medition, Bio-feedback, Yaga, Massage, health foods, physical fitness and many other approaches to the more relaxed, healthy approach to living, all seemed aimed at reducing the stresses (distresses) of living. Any or all approaches may be useful to individuals, however it is the intention of this study to identify It would have been more useful to have recorded the number, type and frequency of illness and visits to a doctor over the past year than the broad rating used in this questionaire The raw data reveals the details of each situation in raw score terms. For the development of the profile a mean was determined from the scores of all those that responded with some stress to that particular situation. The intensity score is the Table 3. tained. of role and self-concept; isolation and climate peculiar to Thunder Bay. Our objectives in developing a research design in this area was then to obtain descriptive data on what conditions presently exist with women who have children in Thunder Bay, and to determine the nature of any stressful situations. In addition we felt that it would be useful to attempt to evaluate the function and effectiveness of community agencies dealing with these women, and discover what services, if any, existed to aid with stress reduction. a probe Table 2 Mental and emotional health Physical fitness Physical health Table 3 POOR FAIR 12 23 36 55 13 7 GOOD AVERAGE VERY GOOD 132 82 115 108 138 92 69 34 119 * STRESS PROFILE Ranxing of stressors as per Women and Stress Questionaire Stressor Mean frequency Children quarreling Disciplining of children Children's bedtime Daily homemaking and child care Preparing supper Preparing for special occassions (Christmas, birthdays etc.) Supper time Winter Facing another day (getting up) Changes in the weather Spouse late for supper Obligations to family Child's-children's relationship with school or teacher Discussion about money Lack of privacy Fear of being alone Children returning from school Obligations to self Keeping supper waiting for spouse Median intensity 2.39 2.10 1.68 1.72 1.62 1.78 2.88 2.47 2.47 2.39 2.35 2.22 1.61 1.79 1.32 1.41 2.09 1.46 1.71 2.19 2.17 2.16 2.13 2.13 2.07 2.04 3.12 1.78 1.64 1.24 1.61 2.08 2.03 1.99 1.99 1.98 1.97 1.96 * out of a total of 38 CONTINUED on page g 5 th.L.,ugh examining what women per- PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �WOMEN AND STRESS MCia01065 I HATe &noz ne B05 GDR< I hATe. TO tOORIc I continued Daily stress events listed on the questionaire were gathered from conversations with women's groups in the community and a small pretest sample conducted. The collected data appears to suggest that although the stressors frequency of impact on the respondents lives is relatively small the occurrence of the stressors is on an ongoing or daily basis. These stressors continually demand adaptive behavior in order to mainLORA? A SOMETIMES THIIJK... tain some sembelence of order in ESCAP_Ati, I1H1, ie2. otr 1-1 living processes. From this observation it can be inferred that daily stress may have an acumulative effect on the individuals ability to adapt and thus lead to a breakdown in physical or mental health. Unfortunately conversations with resp. were not recorded in detail, however there was agreement among the interviewers that the probability of at least 50% of the respondents have at someI AM MARRIP2 .}D:7101) time sought help (usually their docKtmeWeR tor) for depression or frustration in coping with their lives. That most of these women had received either tranquilizers or "pep" pills as a crutch to help them cope. The women expressed to us their dislike of using pills and voluntarily stopped taking them. It is interesting to note that taking prescribed medication is the least used stress reducing behaviour. TABLE 4 * The ranking of stress reducing mechTARIA 5 anisms appears in Table 4. Stress Reducing Behaviors Profile Many women gave their own other beRespondents self disclosed haviours they observed about thembehaviors for reducing stress Behavior Mean frequency selves or ways they reacted to stress. A complete list is in Table 5 Talk with spouse 3.24 # of women 2.96 Yell at children The control of the stress situation 26 Be alone to thinK, daydream 2.95 Become depressed in a passive response is usually Religious readings, church, 7 2.88 Cry The external to the individual. dial-a-message 2.87 Headaches stressor may not be recognized or 4 Watch soap operas 2.8'7 Drink coffee accepted, being in some instances Listen or play music 5 2.65 Talk with someone other than an awareness of "something is both8 Visit with friends family member Everyering me" Kind of feeling. Meditate or do yoga 5 2.61 Smoke cigarettes day psycho-social stressors may 4 Run away 2.57 Talk with children be perceived as too unimportant or 4 Bite finger nails 2.57 Yell at spouse threatening to admit to onesself 5 Lose temper, scream 2.55 Take a bath or shower or persons one interacts with. 2.50 Do housework *out of a total. of 17During the interviews this was men2.41 Sleeplessness tioned innumerable times, "I can't 2.35 Heart beat quickens, nervous tell my husband I hate supper "Who can I tell I sometimes hate my kids, husband, parents, in laws etc." "How can I tell my husband the demands of taking care of the house and Kids is too much for me to handle sometimes." The Kids are always fighting, I must not be a very good mother." From the stress reducing mechanisms it appears that "talking things over with spouse" is the most frequent stress reducing respons, it may not Legitimization be the most useful. of daily psycho-social stressors needs further research. The mean number of stressors for all respondents is 19.0. The mean number of stress reducing behaviors is 19.8. No inference or correlations are made between the two scores. One male houseperson insisted he was a mother and wanted to fill out the questionaire. His wish was complied with and the data kept separate. It is interesting to note that his perceived stress is almost identical to the stress profile developed from women respondents. His total number of stressors is 19.0 and the total number of stress reducing behaviors is 17. Men who were at home during the interviews did also mention their own feeling of being left out because "I have stress too." time" Eat Read Watch TV * out of a total of 32 2.26 2.26 2019 In the process of doing the interviews, the interviewers were often admitted into the home with "you sure came to the right house," or it's about time someone was concerned about housewives,". An anecdote that seems to reveal a gross lack of self awareness was reported. The respondent willingly and quickly responded to the questionaire, little seemed to bother or upset the women according to her responses, everything was fine, no upsets over anything in her life. She was extremely obese and after the questionaire was completed, the woman consumed an entire bag of cookies. During the cooky eating the resp. gave an intense self-disclosure of all the things that really upset her. The interviewer was in conversation with the resp. for two hours. The questionaire for this woman was not included in the data as it was obviously meaningless after the intense disclosure. The women in this survey were asked to indicate whether any of a presented list of services would be useful in assisting them in coping or reducing stress in their lives. Table 7. An observation that the top four stressors on the stress profile relate to interactions with children, yet the desire for parent education courses is wanted by less than half of the 352 resp. Is this a reflection on the supposed thought that women are supposed to know how to "mother" and admitting difficulty in relating with their children and seeking assistence is to reinforcing of feelingsof inadequacy. The women surveyed appear to be generally satisfied with their role It should be noted that in life. disstress is not necessarily an indicator of unhappiness or dissatWomen know and expect isfaction. stress in their lives, the problem seems to be to learn to accomadate the stress so it can be lived with in a responsible manner. fiT'D it 6 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �POETRY ous core issue. MY CHILD The destruction of my chihk was gradual. At one she was a flower Blooming, snuliitg, guiless At two She danced when she walked if we try At three. to write Already I had built a wall be what we thin you want tween us At four us to write, I and the withers took: turns doesn't that At fire she was closed, get us The into wall had been built, Our work- was. complete this whole She was socialized mind-readin J She was thing, and open up a can of worms AV from E AND MOVE 11111W ire CLASSI FIED 30 Words free for Women's Publications, Services/Jobs, Place to live. Sent to the NorthernWoman 316 Bay St. Thunder Bay "P" or phone 345-5841. women with carpentry skills phone 345-5841 or 622-4637. Wanted Our sisters stand outside the warm with lips and lingers blue no-chance it seems for justice now they bend &live sacred cow that holds our health at ransome. Our sisters cry into a wind that shatters human silence and ponder well a spirit call to violence. Break them, smash them to the- wall these idols of our ages give thew over to the wind they are unwritten pages. for flesh aitd blood are pilloried upon the cross of need when even sacred cows hare leave to ride a horse of greed. Gert Woman's Every THE CLINIC STRIKE / Almanac 1976 -- Appointment calendar and handbook available from the Women's Press 305, 280 Bloor St. W. Toronto. A List of their publications is TO A PEACE ROSE One day when I was feeling available on request. blue (there vvasn't one thing I could do gestetner operator, that didn't end up wrong) needed to work on I.W.Y. 'Twas years ago, the kids were Herstory Project, starting small, Jan. 16, 1976. Phone Liz For heaven's sake, how they could Jobbitt, 939-2057. Typist - bawl. The house looked like a wind went The IWY Council is publish- through And scattered each thing which ing a directory of women's organizations in N.W.O.was Anyto. Then in my garden I did see groups wishing to be listed A miracle just meant for me. Liz Jobbitt, RR 1, A Rose in bloom - a perfect Thunder Bay "F" contact Sight 'nand Like God had whispered, 71's Toronto Women's Bookstore, alright." 85 Harbord St., Toronto, has books, has books for, byLong and after leaves and petals went about Women, non-sexist children's records, books, posters, I remembered beauty, heaven women's Sent buttons. Write enclosing a stamp for the mail order catalogue. Dorothy Redford 7 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �had been our major concern; women had burned out and left the meanwhile ABOUT US In the last issue, a history of NORTHERN the WOMEN'S CENTRE, what has been happening, and possibly where the centre is headed, was promised. There are three separate parts of N.W.C. being: it's past, dat- ing back to a three day conference in the spring of 1973 at which time approximately 50 women decided on the last day, that they saw the need and Were willing to put energy into the formation of a women's centre. The second part of the centre's being happened when a about meetings in Wesley Church. It was to be a space for women to learn, share, give and receive support in a non-competitive phere. atmos- A full time co-ordinator was hired; a library of books and pamphlets, supplemented by a from the Brodie St. Library, was set up. A separate space for children, collection special later became a Child Care Co-operative, was made available. The centre became which the meeting place for the newsletter, general and business meetings, counseling, and socializing. Funding from Secretary of State was received, however, we continued our own fund raising buttons, posters, raffles and flea market participation. The money we raised ourselves was rewarding, by selling books, but in no way could we have functioned without money from the government. We were already in high gear with workshops, speakers etc., when in Dec. 1974, six people were hired to co-ordinate different activities, through L.I.P. The community and existing social service agencies were al- ready aware of our willingness to give support to any and all women needing it and now more than ever women turned or were referred to us in increasing numbers. We had in effect become another social service agency, albeit underpaid, unrecognized and frustrated that the existing agencies used but did not take us very us, seriously when we tried to take a more compassionate role towards women in a crisis situation. In spite of warnings from women who could see how we were being taken advantage of, we continued to "never say no" to a woman in a crisis situation. After all we were being paid, taxpayers money at that, and v+,e had to prove ourselves, to ourselves and the community. Cidn't we? Problems during this time were many. Unequal work loads, particularily for the Crisis Co-ordinator,- and at times all the staff, were discussed and re-discussed manently and seldom perresolved. Our con- tinual efforts to encourage new women to become involved (in spite of sacrificing principles') met with little success. Volunteers away and the collective' fell leaving the work and decision making to the "paid" staff. What had happened to our original aims and objectives for the centre? Or had we really any? "Support for women" was such a generalized interpretation of a women's centre, easy to agree to but -iifficult to implement because ing alization the most, ourselves. As part of the women's movement we seemed to be draining vacuum, this period on L.I.P. in energy an replenished. The demands made on the centre- left little time nor energy to support the very women who needed revit- However, in spite of opera- public speaking innumerable engagements; speakers came to growing intellectually, emotionally and politically, (rape and housework are political) in a direction seldom compatible to relationships with friends, hus- talk to us and meetings, meet- bands, was a were busy one. There workshops, film nights, very lovers and employers. So, on the one hand we were the format meetings; ings, changing from general to busi- dealing with the frustration, desperation and hopelessness of women's lives, lobbying to change oppressive legislation, ness to policy. They were "all women are welcome meetings", however, it has taken us up to the present time to realize that and on the other hand strug- tight money policy, it is doubtfull women's programs will be considered as worthy of funding, so we will make do with without a phone for three weeks. This time gave the few still actively involved a of relief, a breathing space, a time to re-evaluate priorities, not just for the centre but for ourselves. This re-evaluating process is of us sense what we have for as long as we can. The location of the centre - westfort area - does not make us as accessible for dropping in still happening and to date no committments to programs or as did the "Y", however, June there 1 a4 s 4. a.ys and Fri. 10-3 and welcomes anyone who cares to come around. Meetings are still every second Thur., is activities involving the centre as a whole has happened. Instead personal committments to the newsletter, IWY council, CABAL, free from the pressure Jan. 22, Feb. 5, Mar. 4, 18 etc. They are still "all women welcome" meetings. Could be a rap of being representativee of a body of women, are given. Most importantly, for the core group involved, is the session, film speaker, or a game of charades. Hope to see you. centre's function as a place to have some fun, laughter, long relaxation. Does the woman's movement really have no sense of humour? overdue NORTHERN WOMEN'S CE NTRE YMCA became available, after year of and committment was not be- ideologies. "place" the 2nd floor of the a centre as their personal energy it does not define goals nor ting leadership no matter what you call it, it is not a good introduction --for a Important, gling to direct and control our own changing lives. Many women had, as a r cult new member and also that most people do not necessarily want -= to share in the responsibilit the group. Most women t it/ I/ ch other, share and our lives. y the centre will be return. We hosted a national ference of women's cen for "education" and n who have moved seminar that led to formation of the I.W.Y. ordinating council, recogr the housing for women. International Women's ,o small sons needing brought with it more directtion a school was committments, butA copy of'the Public this time we had already slit was obtained and more ourselves too thin. The nd necessary steps crisis ceni.ie functioned fby one. An Unorgan- few months, then due to I Section was formed of support from volunteersa public meeting of enforcment agencies, held at Mrs. Holmes had to be Mrs. Neill served the continued. a CARAL groumonths as Treasurer Thunder Bay had been staff Years as Chairman. separate from W.C. with )ard was interdenomcontinuing to dispense ith Roman Catholics, control, VD, and abortion iple and Presbyterians physicians, ssor was appointed In June 1975 L.I.P. fun roll drawn up with the centre notices sent out and not. The phone continued realised the Board ring the mail arrived in bun There were letters to an petitions to circulate, rec for speakers and work s or fill, appointments to but in Women continued to phonesociety come to the centre, mainly us disinformation or to encouniat longs sympathetic listener. Mosil as a the staff had to look for of blood work to support themslfor that but remained committed, cy when what they could when mys becould, in fact many of how far core group remiirection centrally involved. Most oThat we organizational and world ended sponsibility was carried bylves and original women and most were lit for, is to wonder where :e of be- ning were going and why. Thst core. community Bay's wt women of had not taken the centre lye with, own. We puzzled overt honest apathy of women. We knq to find, were good women, compE on both ate and caring, compromis without in order not to al times women in the communit to the majority of womi were still those "wome bers". The women's centre h; limits he and proved the need for finished, the accommodate the new women , were given credit for initii was of the some solve it duction to the centre did mation. the is ?.elings and gut react- of type this ceiving also centre's function as a nurturing, energizing place, where we can ther and be in touch the educating children. ' se not to apply to By this tine. St. Arrhy this past fall, feel Presbyterian Cht.lrch pay the rent . Main St. was dosedOilould sundry expenses out sentable for, a class.,roorn.nainin7 Secretary of italic and books wereand have a volunbanegdanatitehachte8r (3'41person on limited a the government's soon the Presbyterian pi.a.sn was overcrowded and that pervasive philosopy that believe women's primary socia tion and is to provide ten compassion...the in notion that the needs o should the moment. process, more women will gain experience in setting up manageable priorities, and so lessen the sense of frustration in seeming always to be in a position of trying to destroy a brick wall when your only tool is a darning needle. Jane Taylor in one year. Then foilov e that door or put hat is plainly now gredient, and for the good of world, we must find it. There is a new chicken coming out of the egg these days, still prepared to love and forgive but not regardless. We who were born to believe we must wear the mask of deceit to acceptable in this man's world, will cling to the trappings that hide us from ourselves and others; but the us we saw in Landfor's presentation cannot be broken without be knowing how much we are sponsible for our own chains. re- the whole person. is open ended and sublimits, and I Vim-net-is liberation i5.. is not the end of - it should concern eginning of a larger ch is beginning to eye. We r minds vision to see beyond our differgoal that is yet to will be won by the take the women's the -iously and have in iught us inch by m a position of ie. these reasons 'the more the merrier I the IWY council will hold another 3rly spring, where t to discuss what Women's liberation . done for us and to -capture those fine iur founding semtalk freely about that were too s that were unrealat were too heavy ecommit ourselves j a logical deter- ourselves and our trap": Movement at Through this change from a Public Scht a Continuation School eventually a High School. "comi the more so, than any other type of evaluation for the Women's In 1937. a Public Schoi built and enlarged to c the size from 4 to 8 class' to raise the con- calls le Self-evaluation on the part of centres is as important if not buildings pressed into sen come a part of what M Adams TD MYSELF class rooms. bloodshed will take more love than either sex has shown thus far, yet that is the magic in- the of -he safe, the known, till need their sisters ice that the risk and was ready for te bu.siall worthwhile. I AM Awom AN GIVING BIRTH !ver I . and euert.Nne daneinq 4.o9other whoever am petitioning iers to phone me the office on Bay me if you would I seminar. be woman's m not exclusive concern". The needs of others In Sisterhood Gert Beadle 8 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Although the pros and cons of abortion are of vital importance to every woman, they are, in fact, only one of many areas where the rights of women are being infringed upon Dear Sisters: Letters Your new format and broader scope is most appealing and just what we need to provide communication between all women in our area, no matter what their role or philosophy. So often we bask in the fellowship of sisters who share our ideals and cease to make the effort to understand or reach out to those with whom we disagree. man's right to choose). We are all sisters, but it is obvious that women on both sides of this issue believe most strong, ly that they are right. As in any situation where strong commitments have been made and compromise is virtually impossible, the credibility of the individual involved is threatened and little else they have to say is taken seriously because it is overshadowed by the monstrous core issue. Over the past couple of years I have become increasingly distressed over the polarization that has taken place between women involved in the 'right to life' movement and those who uphold the ideal of 'a wo- and where supportive and constructive dialogue is needed to Keep us united and working for similar goals. This issue needs to be discussed and there are many vehicles through which it can be brought to the attention of the public. It is my fear, however, that the Northern Woman will polarize so many of its readers that the many other areas of concern to women which also need discussion will lose credibility. if we try to write what we thin you want us to write, doesn't that get us into this whole mind-readin thing, and open up a can of worms We worked on this issue: Lynne Robin Maureen Catherine Bev Ruth Estelle Sharon Laurie Doreen Noreen CLASSI FIED 30 Words free for Women's Se rvices/Jobs, Publications, Place to I ive. Sent to the NorthernWoman 316 Bay St. Thunder Bay "P" or phone SUGGESTED READING To Deliver Me of My Dreams Elizabeth Avakian 345-5841. women with carpentry skills phone 345-5841 or 622-4637. Wanted Every 1976 Woman's Almanac and Cassandra Wilson Appointment calendar and handbook available from the Women's Press 305, 280 Bloor St. W. Toronto. A Law Is Not For Women - June List of their publications available on request. Rape: The For Women First Sourcebook Noreen Connell - -- is Caldwell You Can Go From There from Here Shirley Maclean Women and Madness Phyllis - operator, needed to work on I.W.Y. starting Project, Herstory Jan. J6, 1976. Phone Liz Jobbitt, 939-2057. - gestetner Chester It's my Yours in positiveness, Janet Owen Those of us that formed the collective for this journal recognized the trap the issue of abortion could set and hoped to avoid it.Any notion that we were cool and impartial viewers of the human scene would be hypocricy in the truest sense,the very nature of t our level of consciousness compells us to a biased approach.eur commitment to the concept of sister hood demands this journal to bleed with and for all women regardless of their point of view.To question the motive of bias is to question conviction and conviction is the stuff of the soul and needs no apology.It follows therefor that all bias has it's roots in well intentioned soil and must be viewed in the context of healthy exchange. An ancient Chinese philosopher said (there was a time when men knew, before men told him what he ought to xnow) perhaps that is the blessed state we wish for women,to have the surety that removes them from all biased manipulation so that personal choices are made between them and their own conscience.. We value your letters and if they are written without rancour,with the same respect we intend to show you your difference of opinion is noWebarrier will not to however mutual understanding. play the game of confrontation with anyone,our position is well Known.We are in good company with ' status of women council and other progressive thinkers. If we are to use Women In Distress as our central theme we cannot skirt the issue,we can however not lend ourselves to the bitterness the subject provokes,The point in Janet Owens'letter is well made,we have taken it seriously and hope that you our readers will do the same. To Mary Kay of Brandon you are quite righttto take a shot at a sister because she took a shot at her sisters is not good but it only goes to show we are not above the self-righteous_ ness we deplore in others,Hang in there Mary Kay we progress. EDITORS ? Typist Now guing. Dear Readers Do you want us to write what we thinx,or what we think you want us to write Gert AB I said earlier, your paper reaches out to all women and I low( forward to reading about and hearing from women who share my views as well as those with whom I would differ. I sincerely hope, however, that the cool refreshing waters of this excellent publication will not be muddied by becoming the forum for destructive and fruitless haran- Turn - Joyce - Robin Beaton Sisterhood is Powerful Morgan MORE SUGGESTED READING Future of Motherhood Jessie Bernard When Morning Breaks B. Aptheeker Canadian Establishment The IWY Council is publishing a directory of women's organizations in N.W.O. Any groups wishing to be listed contact Liz Jobbitt, RR 1, Thunder Bay "F" Toronto Women's Bookstore, 85 Harbord St., Toronto, has books, has books for, by and about Women, non-sexist children's books, women's posters, records, buttons. Write enclosing a stamp for the mail order catalogue. 9 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �r.rary Profile on Pioneer Women During the 1940's it. was hi ought to Mrs. Neil I 's atten7 Lion that a Public Library would be an asset to. the community. A copy of the Library Act was obtained and studied and step by step the A profile of a pioneer woman, submitted by Ginger Ball of instructions were followed rlead- ing to the opening of a Library. in 1947. To get per misSrbn to start a Library one must I-ave a petition signed by the people of Geraldton., d.,eicontio 4.ezildr.ftwe, Mrs. Dorothea Neill the community and present said Mrs. Neill arrived in Getald- petition to the elected officials. ton in 1935 and took up residence in a small three roomed This was done in December 1945. The First Library operated log cabin down the train tracks from town. from the High School Annex, She was fortunate that she had a log cabin with a floor in January 1947; Later it moved to it, many people didn't. She also had a water pump in the kitchen which produced a pint of water at a time before it needed a rest. Wash water was car' ried from the creek and heated on the large wood cook stove. A gas lantern provided the only light for the small home. ing. Music Festival The Music Festival Committee had Mrs. Dorothea Neill as the first Chairman. The first Festival was conducted in the Ukranian Hall, at the corner of Hogarth Avenue and First St. W. The Rotary Club later took Second St. W. This home also pump in the kitchen which served until the water main was laid along Fourth ave. It was in 1937 that electricity was available and Mrs. Neill was able to make use of her perfectly good washing machine which over wash board. Running water finally came to that area and a great wash day was observed with no water to carry. the With two small sons needing School studied St. and and loving, hated and That we should want to he Marilyn Monroe when the math. woman of Challot is so near our natural bend, is the mystery of our generation; that we necessary was appointed a tax roll &awn up with some funds realised the Board should want to mince about in the chain mail that society has fashioned, to make us disavow that spirit in us that longs to stride as purposeful as a panther with the smell of blood all in the wind, to settle for that our innermost core. That men find honest women almost impossible to live with, this By time St. Andrew's Presbyterian .Church,ottg2 on Main St. was closed!, presentable for a class room. Furn- iture and books were ordered. and a teacher hired. Geraldton. School The Educational Institutions, too the Presbyterian Church, the Public Library and the Music soon the Presbyterian Church was overcrowded and other Festival, are all living testimony buildings pressed into service as class rooms. to the efforts of Mrs. Dorothea, fn 1937. a Public School was built and enlarged to double the size from 4 to 8 classrooms grown and she is many times a in one year. Then followed Neill. Mrs. Neill's children have grandmother. She enjoys her retirement years spending the- a change from a Public School to a Continuation School and eventually a High School. summers in Geraldton and the cold winter months in warmer, climates. There is a new chicken coming out of the egg these days, still prepared to love and forgive be up hating both our selves and those we think we did it for, is the natural consequence of be- educating children. gredient, and for the good of the world, we must find it. neath our skin, shows how far we have gone in the direction of peace at any price. That we have done it for love and ended torium was later used for the Festival and most recently' the Auditorium of B.A. Parker Public School. For 28 years the Music Festival has played an important part in the lives of young people in the Town of was ready for the business of bloodshed will take more love but and the than either sex has shown thus far, yet that is the magic in- sleeping beauty mentality when Dianna the huntress bays be- traying steps assessment notices sent out and to the situation. hating, tormented and tormenting, and always underneath it all stuck with the knowing. and as members. An assessor worked out their own remedy loved Act was obtained and The first board was interdenominational with Roman Catholics, Jewish people and Presbyterians Government recognised that fact. The people within the community met each need as it occured and passion that hangs us high and good we saw ourselves bought and sold, used and discarded, was first four months as Treasurer and then 7 years as Chairman. Provincial did not see herself in the presentation, fills me with despair at the extent of our self deception. From innocence to the school taken one by one. An Unorganized School Section was formed following a public meeting of 25 people held at Mrs. Holmes restaurant. Mrs. Neill served the Andrew's Presbyterian Church. The beginning of the Public Library and the Music Festival. Geraldton was a thriving Community long before the painful A beautiful, hour of self realization. To even consider the possibility that one woman in the viewing audience a necessary. A copy of the Public community. She worked for the establishment of the education- magic, education- an Mrs. Neill was instrumental in many projects within the T.V. REVUE Vivaca Land fors, I am a woman of used for years for the Festival. The High School Audi- she washed the families clothing system, the building of sponsorship was to the lack of electricity while al the Festival. The Curling Rink Hall had sat idle for some time due on the the Centennial Library opened in the permanent build- By 1936, the family moved a building at .when to the present home at the corner of Fourth Ave. S.W. and had small a corner of Main St. and .FOurth Ave. S. Still later; it operated from the upstairs of the Post Office (during the 50's) followed by the last move in 1967, not regardless. We who were born to believe we must wear the mask of deceit to acceptable in this man's world, will cling to the trappings that hide us from ourselves and others; but the us we saw in Landfor's presentation cannot be broken without knowing how much we are responsible for our own chains. SCFPORT SUSAN SAXE! T-shirts and posters, "Sometimes It's Ver., Hard for a Woman to Make Herself Heard"; shirts for adults in blue or gold, S,M,L,XL; children, S,M,L, gold only--S4 postpaid; posters, red, blue, black on yellow, $3 postpaid or 3 for $8. Photo-poster, "I intend to keep on fighting .," black on red, S3 or 3 for $8. Snxe poem, "Self Defense," 75c, 3 for Free leaflet about Susan on requeFt. ,47r der from: Susan Saxe DFense Fund, c/o N.L.G., 1427 Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19102. Additional contributions for her Boston defense gratefully received! . . that women find honest men almost impossible to find, calls for new thinking on both without sides. To do it s Vert >e) c) 4) C, eet c., h*e hersa hear PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �it di )11' it as to what scenario, yoUr came next in friend: infc,.r.ted you of tile specifics of the next escalation. And sometimes, if that wasn't possible, the female you were with (embarrassingly -enough) we have dealt with so far that isn't normally seen or even partly exposed. Also because you knew that when this was liked really girl unhooked and off would not be far away. Maybe as soon as next week. When older,. the night. And you also same sensed that you were getting closer to the core of sexuality the at a swim patty when she only had on the bottom part of a two-piece suit, or was she wearing jeans, or .did she have a skirt on? Whatever the case, you usually ended, up rubbing crotch getting your hand her (as one variation of the phrase in her pants. Then you goes) sort of played around above or on top of her slit and eventual7 ly got .a finger in it, and by accident on your,;,,p:evious intelligence briefings) - found the "magic': button" And soon (usually), all hell broke loose and more than Women in Neighhourhoods 622-8197 the agenda. There were, in retrospect, many funny occasions that cropped up in this initiation Community Action Centre 545-0921 Mother's on Budgets 622-2863 I don't really need to And that pretty much covers the pre-coital scenario. Except it was described in a semi humorous male, were Family Counselling Agency 623-9596 I vi tiA Li hi r r ,L r. In conclusion the study gives a picture of the daily situations that women with children are dealThe magnitude of the ing with. stressors does not appear large. The impact of stress on lives doesn't appear to be very intense. However, the realm of daily stress situations that are perceived or reacted to as stressful need to be explored in greater detail. There is an implication that the known relationship of major life events or life crisis to impaired psychosocial functioning and/or phypical health may also be 4elevant to daily stressors. Legal Aid 345-1972 Telecare 344-1192 I Smith CLINIC (alcohol & drugn) Crisis Housing Human Rights Commission manner and, many of these events terrifying. You, most often had to take the first step. And you could be rejected. Refused. Denied. Cold and flat. And that could hurt. Hurt bad. In your own eyes and in your 344 -2431 623-2711 I 475-1693 . TABLE 7 Would any of the following services be useful to you in coping with stre Yes Employment Standards Act 475-1691 Municipal Day Care Special interest courses 231 187 Opportunity to continue education 173 Parent education groups 157 Neighborhood recreation groups 99 Credit counselling 93 Women's Centre Marriage education courses 75 Drug or alcohol counselling47 gm. rustra{-mod. stave et. No 91 126 3441-3922 622-2450 ? Pr 0 1>t t hot colibz.ct tk yet- in the scri pt. 344-5571 Crisis Intervention Continued next issue before, you didn't quite know what to do with yourself fucking wasn't Social Services (City) 623-2711 cess of sociali-zed sexuality. ever if I energy clearly from that pro- vide the girl s with a topic of trance 4 inches higher than you found it to be?). Now here there are many variables: was it --number of subtle (or not-sosubtle I ways what, was next. on What stuns me now is that originS of the tragedy of sex ressed her hip, worked around to her ass, pulled her close to announze if :t 'hadn't already been discovered-) the existence of your penis and give it some pleasurable friction (and pro- of you had imagined the en- 622-3999 probably have your own to tell. battle of the breast. You car- the vaginal entrance (how many 1 talk about them because you mixed metaphOr). Then began the assault on the crotch, in steps similar to those of the you slowly plogressed toward 345-5841 The Northern Woman Northern Women's Centre process. geographically gossip Wei ?if you were erect). They yOu worked down to the side of her leg. Then the front of her thigh. Then with a deep breath, and microscopic steps, 1 I to call 1 let you know in any one of a you, and that getting the bra (excuse numbers good be were ever tION r. the might with another lime. And if you THE SOCIALIZED PENIS achieved, you female which) COMMUNITY 134 149 ACTION CENTRE 201 204 216 247 345_0D02. cri..31-15-O90Z.1 male friends' eyes. Being scared to try and therefore not trying could just as easily become the subject of psychological selfpunishment and social Canadian Association for Repeal of the Abortion law ostra- cism. So there was always this elementary duality: while apparently the aggressor and con- queror, you were captive to a judgment by the female who "The purpose of CARAL is to ensure that no woman in Canada is denied access to safe, legal abortion. Our aim is the repeal of all sections of the Criminal Code dealing with abortion, and the establishment of comprehensive contraceptive and abortion services, including appropriate counselling, across the country. We regard the right to safe, legal abortion as a fundamental human right:' would accept or reject you. Also imortant to remember is how mese events were reported to/discussed with ." male friends after the party or date. Or gone over in your own I WANT TO JOIN CARAL! mind, again and again, detail by detail. How every step along Phone NAME (Print) the initiation ronte was stimu- lating and could/did cause an erection (remember the 4-hour erections and blue balls?). How we compared notes, made tact- ADDRESS ical sJggestions, commented on important signs -heavier breathing, torso writhing, aggressive hands, a more daring Name of Federal Riding or Member involvement of teeth, goose bumps, erected nipples, and when menstruation occurred or was expected to occur. Which girls like what since in those days "relationships" were short-lived and you never knew Street City Pf61:Mae*" OCCUPATION Enclosed is my financial contribution of S..... tongue, (Be as generous as possible--programs like this are costly. Minumums - individual $5.00 - family $10.00 - groups $50.00 31.00 minimum) Students, senior citizens, unemployed I AGREE WITH THE OBJECTIVES OF CARAL. _ 1 Signature Please return application & cheque to: CARAL, Box 424 (0_ Cambridge, Ont. 11 1! PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �HOW TO SAY NO TO STORASKA In Oct. 1975 the Arthur St. Public Library showed the film "How to Say No to a Rapist--and Survive" by Frederic Storaska, author of the book by the same name. Only about 20 people viewed it--requests being made that the film be shown again with resource people present. The film was brought back and was to be shown again in Dec. with a panel member present from the Northern Women's Centre. In the meantime, the centre had received information, directed to Colleges and Universities in the States, warning women of the "Lecture-entertainment" of Storaska, who styles himself as "the nation's authority on rape" and too there was a warning that a film and a book were also being distributed. The Feminist Alliance Against Rape Newsletter suggests that "Storaska's organization is nothing more than his booking agency. No feminists belong to or support Storaska's National Organization for the Prevention of Rape. The National Organization of Women condemns Storaska, and describes protests organized by women attending his performances on campus. Four women from the Northern Women's Centre were allowed to preview the film before its scheduled showing. The public showing was cancelled due to inclimate weather. In the opinion of the women this cancelation was fortunate as the advice offered is dangerous. Storaska advises women not to scream or resist, but to be humble to the rapist; this is contrary to the findings of the majority of police and psychological researchers. Rapists seek out and expect vulnerable women, and often flee when they discover that their victim is not. It ignores the effectiveness of an initial, aggressive reaction which transfers the element of surprise from the victim to the rapist. Storaska on film, was seen as that of a "performer", attractive in appearance and presentation but condesending and patronizing in attitude. To advise women never to resist the most violent, humiliating form of male aggression against women, is to ask them to return to their traditionally passive, accepting role in our society. These are the very roles from which women presently struggle to free themselves. In this sense, Storaska's film represents just one more technique of male oppression, which we as women can do without. This film is being boycotted in other cities in Canada, and should the Library intend to show it again in Thunder Bay, we would do the same. Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape by Susan Brownmiller, Simon and Schuster, N.Y. 510.95 Against Our Will has been described as "long awaited", "lusted after'', (Time, October 13, 1975); "monumental" and "chilling" (New York Times Book Review, October 13, 1975). Since feminists working in anti-rape organizing, and other interested persons have indeed waited a long time and somewhat impatiently for Brownmiller's book, it may be valuable for us to examine why this hook at(Jt rape is being recieved with such interrest and acclaim. BrownmilliT7 stated puronse in writing this work has been to give rape its history, in order that it may he denied a future; and this is where the value of the book lies. One facet of the work of the feminist movement has been to reclaim women's history. Forgotten women figures who played key roles in documented history, writers, artists, activists, researchers, etc., have been revealed to us by feminist historians. More important, though, than the achievements of individual women, is the hisf.ory of social, religious, and political movements of women which existed in the past. Further, through the study of archeology, mythology and folklore, women are beginning to unearth something of our unwritten history. Feminist writers, filmmakers, and distribution companies have attempted to disseminate knowledge of this history to contemporary women. But why? It seems that firm grounding in an historical perspective provides us with the sense of continuity and sisterhood often absent in our , lives. This is the key to the impact of Brownmiller's work. By exhaustive research and documentation, Susan Brownmiller has'provided a vindication of our ideas ahsmt rape, ideas which origionally stemmed for the most part from individual pain and anguish. In the past, rape and the threat of rape was percieved with terror an individual level. The pain felt by individual women who have been raped has grown in the last five years into a mass confrontation with sexism on all levels. Brownmillers book documents the idea that rape is a political act, used by men as a tool of oppression against women. This is not to say that Against Our Will should be accepted with unqualified praise. The main body of the work, with its extensive documentation is extremely valuable. However contradictions are apparent and must be resolved. One of the most obvious difficulties occurs with Brownmiller's wholesale acceptance of the present criminal justice system. The idea that 50-50- integration of the criminal justice system on all levels could reverse male domination of that system is, quite simply, unrealistic. Brownmiller does not recognize the necessity of women gaining actual power, as opposed to numerical parity with men. She does not see a total restructuring of the male-dominated power structure as a concrete goal, muchless a definite possibility. Furthermore, an important function of rape crisis centers is omitted by Brownmiller in her description of anti-rape organizing in Chapter 1?, "Women Fight Back". The idea of crisis centers functioning as agents of change, as i.,ressure groups confronting existing institutions, as political groups, is omitted, "any crisis centers which have been operative for a period of years have come to the realization that it is necessary to be much more than a "crisis" center, dealing with rape primarily after-the-fact. Constant contact with women who have been raoed only reinforces the need for work in basic organizing for all women to eliminate the threat of rape from their lives. Since this chapter is in part a description of actions women can take to regain some measure of control over their lives, the inclusion of this concept would have been valuable for Brownmiller's readers. In light of Brownmiller's research, it seems inexcusable that the few suggestions of concrete actions she does make are so ineffectual and out of touch with reality. Brownmiller's analysis of prostitution and rape, and her subsequent denunciation of legalized prostitution as a deterrent to rape, is accurate as it stands. However, she does not approach prostitution as a means of survival necessary to some women. She fails to make the connection between an oppressive, capitalistic economic system and the reality of women selling their bodies in order to survive. In general, the issue of class is dealt with inconsistently throughout the book. It is necessary to read the entire work carefully in order to piece together Brownmiller's overall perspective. For example, in Chapter 6, The Police-Blotter Rapist," she uses police statistics of convicted rapists to present a profile of a rapist as primarily lower class. It is not until the last paragraph of this chapter that Brownmiller even alludes to the fact that rapists come from other than lower class backgrounds. Then she does so in an indirect fashion with references to Greek mythology. The concept of the rapist as a product of a "subculture" of violence is also put forth in this chapter. The term subculture is in itself extremely misleading, as it implies a culture distinct from the main, or dominant culture. Rapists are a product of the dominant culture, and Brownmiller herself provides extensive evidence for this, in her discussions of movies, songs, pornography and other elements of our culture which degrade woman. Against Our Will is Jndoubtably a work of major importance, and should be read with care by all women who are working now to eliminate rape from our society. Also, this book has the potential to challenge those entrenched attitudes in our society which have nurtured the commission of rape as an act of power. As such, Against Our Will goes a long way towards Brownmiller's goal: to deny rape its future". FG-veLiinx.it by Nancy McDonald M DA, Thunder Bay has not had a Rape Crisis Centre for some time now. Regretfully it closed after being operational only a few months. Money commitment from volunteers, lack of support from police, phycicians, etc. contributed to its demise. However, Thunder Bay has a real need for a centre and any interested individuals or groups that would like to put time and energy into initiating one are asked to call N.W.C. tot -4.9)00.,04. cam Iv' 622-3989. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ABORTION ? I N CANADA and expose the main question: do Canadians want issues an autocratic society, which attempts to impose a com- A BRIEF ON THE mon morality by ABORTION QUESTION fect probably is the motivation behind the move- the by Prepared Humanist Association of OttaWa, June 1975. Our purpose here is to evidence briefly examine available on some aspects of abortion on the world scene, and to bring out two facts which we Canadians feel need to face squarely before there can be any resolution to this ongoing national con troversy. The first type of evidence has to do with the prevalence of abortions. One can go to a number of places for reasonable evidence concerning numbers, we shall use the most dire t, a survey by International Planned Parenthood Federation 1973. in This survey provides the first fact: in most countries of the world the abortion ratio lies 1:8 about between (one abortion for 8 live births) and 2:1, .whether legal or illegal, with a world average of 1:2. To-day 60% of the world's population lives in countries where abortion is allowed for reasons. In medico-social the remaining countries the fact that abortion is illegal has not pro duced a low abortion ratio: it is often very high, about in 1:1 Italy and Latin America parts of example. also useful to recognize that the prevalence of abortion is not new. For example, a ratio of 1:2 was quoted for the state of Michigan in the last century, and abortion was unregulated in from about Britain 1300:1800. It is What are the conse- quences of this world pattern for Canada to-day? Obviously the frequently heard argu- ment that abortion amounts to murder must be considered unrealistic, because a large proportion of the women on earth would then have to be murderers (the average family has two to three children, so that each woman on the average must have one abortion). Secondly, the concern often expressed about the increase in the abortion ratio since 1970, as revealed by Statistics Canada (1:8 in 1973), is misplaced. These statistics refer to therapeutic (legal) abortions only there - are no firm statistics for illegal abortions in Canada. The evidence we have suggests that the number of illegal abortions in Canada is decreasing to balance the increase in legal ones. This behaviour is consistent with the world patterngiven above. Most important, howthe consequences concerning legislation. The data from Italy and Latin ever, to ment IN CANA. DA are America, for example, shows that restrictive legislation repeal conscience of its members to enemies major democratic societies with which we are most the closely France Britain, United patient. cap- members of to respond appropriately to the challenge of International Women's Year by supporting the We urge Parliament to determine whether this relationship observed in pre-industrial societies is relevant to contemporary society, a personality profile was constructed in a recent sociologithe associated, and the States, have made the latter choice, and left abortion to the discretion of doctor and tured in warfare. In an effort cal repeal of Section 251 of the Criminal abortion Code, Canada's law, and that expansion of gevernment birth control programs in order to attain a lower abortion ratio study of 96 students at University of California. Here again a strong correlation was found between sup- humanely port for the statement "abortion should be punished and effectively. The government position that the the present law is a suit- by society" and statements able which two extremes is not correct. Firstly, it does not work equitably, but, secondly, characterize a disrespect for life, such as ''violence is really necessary to our problems" and solve good for children who disobey a lot". Even more relevant to us is an analysis of the voting pattern of the 98 of our compromise between repeal of this law does not represent an extreme position. Repeal represents a moderate one which leaves "hard physical punishment is members woman, between the ex- tremes of pro and anti abortion. This middle position is backed by many responsible Canadian 1968-69 session, which included reform of the abor- Canadian institutions such as tion law, and also on the bill Women and the Commission, the Canadian Medical Association, the Canadian Federation of University Women, the United Church Women, the National Council of Jewish women, etc. The reason for their support is that repeal of the law is connected with valid empirical evidence regarding consequences; as illustrated earlier. Usually this middle position is mistakenly called Status Roayl to abolish capital punishment. Here 80t voted for both reform bills or against both reform bills, a social pattern in agreement with the two other studies. (it should be noted that correlations give the trend in a society but do not apply to any individual, given who may support a particular issue for reasons quite differfrom the ent trend. It is important for the individual to recognize, however, trend in society he/she is also supporting). repeal of the law who are also urging more effective What then are the consequences of this second fact birth control programs which would reduce the need for abortion. for the abortion question in Canada to-day? Virtually the only argument put forward by those who are against that abortion is morally wrong because it shows dis respect for human life (slogans "pro-life", "right-tolife", etc.). This is an understandable instinctive response to the always unpleasant problem of abortion. However, the above scientific zeal, but if net consequences of the two facts developed above is to de-emphasize side does not lead to a low abortion ratio. It appears that "... every normal woman seems to assume the right emotionally to achieve motherhood and to renounce motherhood, whether it is legal. or not". The effect of restrictive public media have this king of legislation, a cruel access to way, by refusing proper medical care. This af- present Woman As..f rom pg. We have begun to realize that influence and are properly concerned about extensive exoosure, especially of children, to violence on television. We no longer believe' is appropriate to black people or any minority group in such a way for Repeal of the Abortion taw (CARAL) visited Association Thunder Bay CM November 6, in connection with her nation-and n tour. CABAL the city arranged for her to do two T.V. interviews and one for radio for the purpose of outlining CARALS aims and objectives. From all reports these interviews went very well indeed. During the evening she spoke to about 20-25 women at an infor'mal meeting at the Northern Women's Centre. the a Only one third of "approv- relatively un- view of Canadian opinion is desired we recom- ed" hospitals have set up therepeutic abortion committees which makes it impossible for mend the 1974 Gallup Poll (62% in favour of repeal) or the Chatelaine Poll (over 70% contradicted by the evidence. These studies in fact support The discriminates Jean Forden, Vice-president of The Canadian biased studies show that this argument is not merely misleading, but is actually directly between a safe, legal abortion and an unwanted child. the law to be applied equitably with the result being that it VISIT 'HY CANAL tiFliiESENTATIVE Jean explained that CARAL government position leans toward the was established in November, right wind extremist groups 1974 as an "Umbrella" organizformed especially to influ- ation to give individuals and ence opinion on this issue. interest groups working toward The enormous petition de- removal- of the abortion laws livered recently to parliament from the Criminal code, a is certainly a tribute to their national voice. Thus legalizing abortion has been permitting women to choose of pro abortion in the media. In fact everyone normally feels a revulsion for abortion-, but it is the groups who support the the view that the quality of Available from all fine bookstores. the Advisory Council on the in the 1967-68 session which either MORGENTALER The Doctor Wbo Couldn 't Turn .4 way by Eleanor Wright Pelrine $9.95 the choice to the individual parliament who voted on the omnibus reform bill in the proposed 77w Doctor Who Couldn't 77 rill Away the maximum lextent possible? It is no accident that the practice of slavery, and the killing, torturing and of MORGENTALER society, where reliance is plated on the individual Canada's present abortion law. The second fact we wish to establish comes from studies in anthropology and sociology. A study of 23 primitive cultures shows that a strong correlation exists between punishment of abortion and disrespect for life, as evidenced by, for example, mutilating repressive legislation, or do they want a humanistic, multi-cultural main in favour of repeal in 1974). I hat states or implies thay are appropriate objects for derision, exploitation or violence. If the sort of magazine I have described consistently showed a Newfoundland fisher- man, and Indian or a Black person in such a manner, there would be an outrage protest. Members of these groups would quite properly see this sort of thing as being unacceptable. As a female and a Psychologist, I say that current presentation of women as objects of aggression is just as inappropriate. The fact that women are assaulted and raped in our culture is not a reason for such 1 presentations. Newfoundland Indians and Black fishermen, people are also exploited and assaulted physically and psycho- logically. The fact that this is inappropriate is why we don't present such images in public media as models any more. It is time to get such images of women at least out of the easy access of children. This could be quite simple accomplished by not putting these view. Any adults who wish to buy them magazines can out on perfectly easily ask for them. Lois Hayweiser,Ph.D., Psychology Department poor against women, and women in isolated and outlying areas. Also the definition of "bealth" is left up to the individual committees - some committees take the narrowest definition, that is, the physical well-being of the woman while others may go to the broader definition and take in the psychological well -being of the woman. An important point to remember is that abortion is a fact of life and will remain so fail-proof contraceptives available. CARAL regards the right to a safe legal aboruntil are tion as a fundamental right. The key words are "freedom of choice". If we can get abortion out of the criminal code, it can be treated as any other medical matter a Private concern of patient and doctor. Jean went on to say that the second consideration of - CARAL is to press for better sex education and the establishment of comprehensive contraceptive and abortion services. A discussion took place re- garding the situation locally and one woman passed on the information that there -may be only one hospital in Thunder Bay performing abortions. It became apparent that we need to bring the information for this area up to date. We should also set up a "watchdog" committee to ensure that we do not lose some of the rights now granted under the present con- fusing law. In order for CARAL to be effective it requires the finan- cial as well as moral support of everyone. Those more restrictive working for laws which would send desperate women to street butchers are well organized and heavily funded. back You will find a clip -out membership form in this paper please join CARAL now! 13 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �the insufficiency often resulted in By Jack Litewka This is to a certain degree, a personal story. I felt the need to make it public because have sensed for a long time, and now see more clearly every day, the disaster of sexuality in its present forms. Some women I have been struggling with this reality. They have attempted to expose the male/female myth in the hope of creating a healthier reality. But most men have been (at best) silent of (at worst) dishonest-and often ignorant and defensive. This essay is an attempt to help men begin talking among themselves and hopefully with women. The people who should have initiated the dialogue are psychoanalysts and psychiatrists: the pscho-healers. But they have failed us. And themselves. By and large, they have concentrated their energies on helping people adapt to realities of the social system rather than examining the foundations of that system. But, like the rest of us, these people are damaged. And being damaged, they incapable of dealing with are their own experience. Have you seen much written or spoken about masturbation? I haven't. The psycho-healers, most of whom are men, always talk about the phenomenon of masturbation as if it was "other," "out there". Have you ever heard- psycho-healer a say, "When I masturbate(d)...?" Of course not. They are incapable or terrified of dealing with their own experience. So I am attempting to deal with mine, with those of men know, in I an effort to help us begin- to deal more honestly with one aspect of male socialization. Like the psycho-healers, like everyone, I am also damaged. I may be incapable of asking the right questions. I know I'm not able now to supply the "answers" that are needed. Desperately needed. But I'm going to try, and I hope that other will trying. Through persistence and honmen begin also esty and perhaps by accident, we'll end up asking the right questions and be better able to answer them. I'm very grateful to a few close friends, male and female, .who are involved in this strug- gle and who have given me support and encouragement and criticism and chunks of their own lives in the writing of this essorr I'm also very happy the Women's Movement exists and that many women are com- :nitted to undoing the damage done to all of us. I am not going to re-discuss what women writers have already explored. The sexual socialization of men in this century is what I want to deal with. More specifically, socialized sexual response. Still more specifically, the socialized penis. My penis, not just those of other men out there. * I * * was raised in America and learned - as did many other boys in my chilhood and men I know now - to perform sexually on desire or request. This performance I think can be considered the norm, an ability that most males wanted to develop or maintain. The males who didn't conform to this norm usually felt incomplete, unskilled, or unmanly. And this self-damning fear and anxiety, while other "healthy" males who automatically or easily conformed to the norm just cruised along, dropping anchor in this or that port when entertainment's hunger urged. I think I am typical of most American males when I say that getting aroused, getting an erection, was not a major problem in If there adolescence. was a major problem, it was in not knowing what to do, or not being allowed to do anything, with an erection. So you had to learn how to hide it or deal with the embarrassment of its discovery. don't know when I I the past week on vacation just reading, resting, doing odd jobs - not masturbating- and enjoying the absence of tension. Again, it wasn't a hassl because the woman knew me and I knew her and we both knew people the other had slept with, so it was chalked off as a freak with of us to blame. We touched along the whole length of our bodies and discussed basketball, politics, and our social/sexual histories. She fell neither asleep. couldn't, my brain I me, having scary thoughts about a present (temporary) or impending impotency, and resolving to do something but not knowing what. gnawing at began to be annoyed with the way I a ance. And for that reason, too, it may actually have been the only way could start the examination.) also read a lot of feminist writings, and continued to have many and long I I talks with a few close friends, all of whom are intensely involved with the liberation of people. I learned much during this time (a lot of which I already knew but couldn't make cohere), not all of- which lends itself to this essay. But it ,all fed into an increasingly less diffuse puzzle. Incident 3. This occasion was similar in almost all respects to Incidents 1 & 2, occuring about 18 months after the first in- women and men relate. Like most men, I think, only dealt with a relationship when I had experienced enough and was troubled enough to look back at that to look at "other" sexuality, to learn from second-hand experience, was a safer path and one of less resistand previous relationship. But by the time one seriously be- second made me decide to seriously analyze the way I had been I sexually socialized. now understand that the incidents occurred because I was already grappling with the origins of my sexuality. Ilncident 1. A woman I like (and who liked me - "love" may be a mythic word so it is not being used, especially since it has nothing to do with erection) and I were in bed together for the first time. We talked and hugged and played. To my surprise and dismay, didn't get an erection. At least not at the propitious moment (I did I erections now and then throughout the night). And have I didn't know why. Maybe was just too tired or had been fucking and masturbating too much (though that had never been a I problem before). But it didn't disturb me too much because the woman was supportive and we both knew there would be other nights. So we rolled together, smelled other, each heard our breathing, and had a lovely night despite absence of coitus. assumption: it had to be me or the woman was with. But since it had happened with two different women, figured it was me (though there might have been similarities between the women and the situations). I I But since I had performed sexually in a normal way many times in the year between these incidents, assumed that it had to be something about these °articular women in combination with me. I My immediate concern was my own fright. The "no erection at the right time" syndrome had happened to me twice. I was scared, very scared. Images of impotence hung in the air and wouldn't disappear. So I got in touch with an old love who I still spend a loving night or two with every five or six months and with whom I had always had good sexual chemistry. We got together two nights 'later and history prevailed: my penis had its timing back and perI formed like the stud was always meant to be. Which was a tremendous relief. But still had no answer to I I my question: why didn't get an erection at the right time on I Again, I didn't know why. But I knew it wasn't from being too tired or fucking or masturbating too much, since I hadn't slept with a woman in about a month and since had spent I two different occasions when was with women wanted to be with and who wanted to be with me, when there was mutual attraction and social/political/intellectual compatibility? had a few clues, a few hunches, a few theories. But at best they were very partial answers. So I I started to do a lot of thinking and isolated myself from old I Also, there was some hope because perceptions were begin- ning to clump together. It became increasingly clear to me that to find in order answers to. my emerging quest- would have to go back and retrace the steps that were parts of my sexual history. Simultaneously, was thinking that if my socialized sexuality was in way similar to that of °vier -nen, then my formulaions, I I realize now and then over her throat. Then the face an outer ea' of the waist above th ( ma ybe-not-yet) hip bone: Here let us take a deep breat before the great leap upward t the breast, which is a bold ac broken into a number of ritua istic steps. First the hand ove one breast, with blase and br between your hand and th female's flesh. This is a mov that took special courag (balls?) and was very excitin for it seemed a new level c sensuality (which it was for th female, but for the male? nc tions wouldn't be idosyncratic only a -,ew level of expects tion). Tien came a kind c figure-eight roving over th to my experience. And as clues found me, remembered old chest from one breast to th other (if your position allowe talks with young male friends and checked them against re- - how many right-handed lover out there?). Then a sneakin between buttons (later unbu . I cent talks with adult male friends. It seemed that we had all gone through a basically similar process (with countless variations). Even those males who had not conformed to the norm, who didn't perform sexually according to the book, were affected by the norm process (sometimes resulting in a devastating social and sexual isolation). So I thought it would be worth the effort to construct a norm, however flawed, to determine what shape that image took. And to see if that image could teach. * * toned) so your hand is on th breast with only the bra sepal ating you from flesh. (or if th procedure was too uncouth too visible to others in dusky room or impossible th br of a no-button sweater you worked underneath th garment from a fleshy bell cause right up to the bra.) Then, b of gradually develope finger dexteity, you begin t means attack the flesh of the brew itself, working down from th top of the bra into the cut And if you hadn't yet picke up any signs of female corn; licity in your previous exper * ence, it was often clear heft% The Initiation of a Young Male: in looking back on my she sat and breathed normalh your fingers didn't stand sexual experiences and those of male friends, a very definite and sequential pattern was evident. I'm talking about actual (overt) sexual events, not subliminal or imagined or representational sexual experience. chance I'm thinking of adolescent time did (I the neck, and run your finger Then the belly. And after, th upper belly and the rib cage determined repeated patterns (and there were) of male/female sexual activities that I could learn that this was a cop-out, a refusal or inability to look at my finger sides was in adolescent terms when males begin to experiment and devlop something from. your and someone who had gone though many things with over the years: this was just going to be another thing that I loves and potential new ones. decided to read a lot of 19th-century porno literature, hoping that there might be I with Again, the woman was support- that I I sponds to your hands. First yo enough to maybe, just maybe, it through to solution. see I In the following year, I had a few relation ships and my penis was its old arrogant self, so that one night seemed an unexplained oddity and was pretty much forgotten. My sexual life had the same sexual dynamic as my previous sexual history, so things were back to normal. But then came round two. Incident 2. Similar in all respects to Incident 1. No erection at the right time. Again, did have erections now and then throughout the night. young (lobes especially). And middl ear. Then lower back (at whic point your tongue might COVE the ear as a stand-in for th absent hand). Then the tend we would have to deal with. an learn more as th female (hopefully) n and seek, through her hair (music, please wasn't as fright- I ive made being th me). ance I of course, instrument made to respond t the musician). You, as a your male, are told(or figure °IT what sensitive spots you shout Then you go for the back c going on and had the reassur- Simplistically, complex harmonies (with th woman, shoulders the Between instead of dealing with male/ In the last year and a half, something happened to me on three separate occasions that process you learn to use yoi hands to round out the orche tration, at first with simpl clumsy Chords and later wit and third incidents, my sexual life had again been normal (for ened because I had already begun to figure out what was and lai,g)- s at the absurdity. Or tragedi. You kiss a girl. You kiss girl a number of times. Yo kiss a girl continuously (make out). You kiss a girl contii uously and get your tongs into the act. All though th second. This time represses wiat one knows, or stands under it intellectually lows. just hug and grasp. The- yo make little circles on he to examine male/female relationships, it is usually too late. Because one has already been thoroughly socialized. So or refuses to examine them, or I cident and 6 months after the gins female relationships, one is incapable of examining them, ha% among the many men known and talked with, th sequence runs roughly as fo their knowledge and expertise. I'm thinking about things you sequentially as you got older. With a few total exceptions and an odd irregularity or two (like fucking a "whore" before you'd kissed a "girl") self, my own sexual experience; cerniki on page 11 14 (bras were worn yen tightly in my junior high schoo so that nipples were alway pointing up at your eyes). I she wanted to be helpful, shy would deeply exhale and mov her shoulder forward so then was space between the bra an( the breast. (Women's coopera tion during all these events i interesting topic and mall, should be written about by an woman.) And here came th rainbow's gold - the assault or the nipple. While a kiss wa exciting, and cupping a breas breath-taking, the conquest o the nipple was transendent Partly because it was the only part of a female's anatomy tha PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �News Br iefs PEARL WARMAN - SISTER women. The Biggest complai-t. London women Three working as waitresses and bartenders have been award- ed a total of $1,633 in back pay. Janet Baillie, Rose Jackand son Paula Hill, employees of the Ramada Inn in London, were receiving the minimum wage. They worked in the upstairs lounge of the motel, drinks and pouring serving patrons both at the bar nd at tables. Male bartenders pouring and serving drinks in a comparable area downstairs were being raid three dollars per hour. No male bartenders were employed upstairs. The employer felt that the wage difference was justified because the upstairs lounge was quieter and more pleasant place to work, and because the women had more to earn tips there. However, Mr. Samuel Lerner, Q.C., who presided at opportunity hearing at the London Court House in October 20th, ruled that the work the performed by the waiters and waitresses was substantially the same and that under Section 33 (1) of the Employment Standards Act a wage differential was not justified. Complaints under this section of the Act have resulted in assessments against eleven employers during the first ten months of this year. A total of 76 employees have received back pay amounting against stereotyping or demeaning the female rote, was which accounted for 30 percent, and ads showing women as sex objects or obsessed with their own physical attractive- ness accounted for 22 percent. The Council advises the public to help eliminate offensive ads in the following Ways: Tune in to the underlying message and try to recognize what the ad is implying about the role and behavior of wom- en; Complain to the product manufacturer, the TV or radio station or publication carrying the ad, the advertising agency, if you know it, and to the Canadian Advertising Advisory - Board, 1240 STreet, Bay Toronto; If possible, put your com- plaint in writing rather than by phone, and make it clear that unless you get a satisfactory reply, you will stop buying the advertised product; Carry through with the threat, even if the substitute you buy is less satisfying; Tell friends, neighbors and - - workmates what you are doing and encourage them to follow your example; - Keep the Ontario Status of Council informed of interest. The address is Women your 801 Bay ST., 3rd floor, Toronto. NOTE: 'About Face' is avail able from The Northern Warr. en's Centre. ,FORT FRANCES WOMEN to S33,907. GOING PLACES A COMPLAINT THAT GOT Mrs. Edna Avis -was named chairman of the board of gov- SOMEHWERE ernors A spokeswoman for the VanStatus of Women in Vancouver; British .Columbia recently wrote the following couver letter to the Vancouver Calendar Magazine: "Dear Sir: May I draw attentiona to the ad in your March issue showing two hardhats in a manhole gawking up at a naked pair of legs with the caption "The Longer Better"... The the sexist female equivalent to this ad would be picture of a group of secretaries staring at the boss' crotch with the same title... On behalf of the 1400 affiliated members of the Vancouver of Status Women, would appreciate a prompt reply." I She the letter from marketing director of the received this of Confederation Cc' lege, which serves the largest geographic area in Ontario. There are 12 other members of the board,including one other woman, Mrs. Thunder Bay. A. Powell of Christine Johanson has been ?warded a Canada - U.S.S.R. exchange scholarship for studies at Leningrad State University. She will also research in Moscow. Governor-General of Canada, Jules Leger, was presented with a beaded jacket, designed and hand made by Nancy Jones. Nancy was the first woman to win the Canadian open beaver handling contest in 1969 and has since received considerable praise and publicity for both her pelting and designing. B&H Cigaretter Co. in response: "Based on your letter and several others, we are withdrawing the "Longer the Better" ad from the campaign mix as quickly as possible, and are Dorothy Redford STRIKER The story of Pearl Wardman, battle scarred survivor of the Fort Frances Clinic strike is not the story of cut and dried statistics. Beyond the reasons for the strike and the outcome of it, we find a woman who loved her job, and if members of the public are to be believed, was very good at it. It is also the story of members of the medical profession who once had her affection and trust, losing all semblance of both for reasons that do no credit to either their profession or themselves as human beings. "I am not bitter", she Said, "I am sad, for I have to consider, if they are capable of such smallness, such petty viciousness, as they displayed when their position of power was challenged, how safe in their hands is the patient whose very life may depend-on them?" Pearl, who won the gold medal in her-class for theory, believes she is black listed in so far as her profession is concerned. More than a year later, as a volunteer in a blood clinic, the doctor present treated her as a pariah. It is ironic that first consideration of the advantages of a union in the nic was sparked by staff being summarily dismissed without just cause, it is further evidence of_their naivete that they began in high hopes confident the years they had served the clinic, the loyalty they had shown the doctors would serve them well in their struggle for job security. Approximately 18 months without a contract, poorly paid, some of the service staff under $2.00 an hour, they decided to go CLINIC STRIKEand all hell theTHE union toute, broke loose. Peirl thought They say thiswas week-end will and wrap it up. The clinic strike will her position valued be over. David Suzuki on discussing a racial incident said "what Talkingmetois her, one Secure. really depresses the people who watched without canprotest". see why she became the I guess thats where I'm at, this horrible feeling that leader and lightening we have lostthe the capacity to carerod enough to protest. That we justify and alibi and evade the forwillthe doctors' wrath. Shetruth of what happened in midst. That once moreperson right is might and arrogance does'nt is our a strong positive need to apologize to anyone. The Port Arthur clinic will ramain whoa running doesn't soremince on the words. conscience of all the thinking citizenry of Where once she washopefully comlimented this community and will manifest itself in a real from it's andexodus trusted, sheservices. becameTothe have invested any faith in it's capacity for human response only possible to the simple (expletive deleted) that iswill minded. lick my boots. taking down the outdoor ads front across Southwestern Ontario. We apologize for personally offending you with this ad health clinic. her and others b have allowed a h egotistical stra flaunt power tha earned or deserv Pearl hopes a brief at the I in Thunder Bay, hopes to meet th Arthur Clinic st also have reason the ethics of th profession. "Ah l Let consi us that is sheathed ed in ha a ours. Strangely shaft may be jus for a fron F Driest' as the e for survival. Whe and taken advan cuse times by people gling to maintain we must protest death. What is limits our protes rhetoric, that thi hopes in our some seed of con take root and wit a relationship, a be lifted from us against the bare our teeth enough already.. back or I'll bre are Then having done the most heroic a thing we have eve mired in the guilt lived up to our ow ing image. hav we mourn, have I I have lost (dare husband. On clos may find our loss compared to the compatriot who compulsive, funct a handy little ga tool kit. MOTHERS ON BUDGE Mothers on Budge group of low-inco For the most par single parents s children. We hold get toge second and fourt of the month. For Feb. 25th me having a lawyer talk about Women the area of sepe divorce, custody credit etc. We meet every se night at 7p.m. a Cal ing Street. further informati Maureen and hope that since we are trying to be socially consicious that you will support us... GETTING THE MESSAGE majority of advertisers oroducing ads which are objectionable or offensive to The are women, the Ontario Advisory on the of Status Women has found. In a recently pub i shied report, "About Council Face", the Council examined 4. the results of a media-monitoring experiment whi tamed a random sample of ha confuse the targ with the knowl though our moti the only blood o Ontario PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �SPEAKING OUT ON PROSTITUTION ' The following paper was presented at an all-day fillibuster of a New York State Legislature hearing on Prostitution as a victimless crime. by Susan Brownmiller As with most other issues of women's liberation, the problem of prostitution is unbelievable complex, resting as it does on economics, psychology, sexuality and the male power principle. There are some who say that the male power principle embodies the first three points. To be perfectly honest, that's what I'd say. One fact about prostitution I'm sure has not escaped your notice: the buyers, the ones who hold the cash in their hand, the ones who create the market by their demand, they are all men, gentlemen, the same sex as yourselves. In the 1940's, the Kinsey Report-which was probably the last really documented report on sexuality--stated that two-thirds of all American men have some experience with a prostitute. In 1964 R.E.L. Masters estimated that the figure was closer to 80%. Now the stock your sex is buying with dollar bills is human flesh, for the most part, but not always, the same sex as myself. I say "not always", because in this city you can go any evening to the corner of 53rd St. and Third Ave. and see men buying other men for This is seldom talked about sex. Again the buybut it is relevant. ers are always men. Now the myth has it that the female prostitute is the seller of her own flesh, that she is a free participant in her act, that she has made a conscious choice to sell her This is a male myth, one that body. your sex has rather successfully popularized for your own self intIt has not only absolved you erest. of your responsibility in this terrible crime of buying another human beings body, it has conveniently shifted your guilt onto our shouldThe law in this city is appers. lied to punish the woman and let the man go scotfree. Now there is something else that the male sex has always tried to do to cover up its crime: it has tried to seperate the women engaged in prostitution from the rest of the women in the culture. It calls her "the other", it marks her the bad woman, it sends her to jail, and it tells the rest of us that we are very good and virtuous and we have nothing in common with her. Well, gentlemen, I have good news for you. We have seen through that little myth; the feminist movement identifies itself with the female victim of the male created institution known as prostitution. Now, I am white, and middle class and ambitious; and I have no trouble identifying with either the call girl or the street hustI've ler, and I can explain why: been working to support myself in the city for fifteen years, and I've had more offers to sell my body for money than I have had to Now when I see a be an executive. young women hustling on the street, I see a young woman like myself who has ambition. But she has no opI mean, what else could tions. She could be a waitress, she be? she could be a secretary, she could be a welfare mother, she could be somebody's wife. There was a time when I was working to support myself as a waitress and a file cleric, The disparity between my reality situation and my ambition to be an actress, was so great that I gave serious thought to the social pressure to And that is do a little hustling. something, gentlemen, that I really don't think you comprehend, I don't think that anyone has ever asked you to sell your body, or presumed that your body was for sale. I wonder if a cab driver has ever turned to you and remarked, "I see you're little short of change. Perhaps we could I could steer some work together. customers your way." I wonder if a man has ever walked up to you in a hotel lobby and muttered. "What's I wonder if you've ever your price? applied for work in a bar and the owner, or manager, looked you up and down and said, "Are you sure you're over eighteen? Why don't you come downstairs with me and prove it?" Now these were all experiences that happened to me at a time when perhaps I looked more vulnerable than I am today, and when I was certainly So now perhaps you more desperate. can understand why I identify with the prostitute, and why, when I see a front page headline in the New York "Mayor Stepping Up Drive on Time, Prostitutes and Smut", I know in a very real sense that it is me and my entire sex that the mayor and the Times are talking about. And when this mayor appoints a task force of six men and no women to study the problems of pimps, porn, and prostitution, giving equal moral weight to each category, I know that his fad.lure to appoint even one woman is not an oversight, it's ,just that the boys have decided they've got to get together and do a little superficial something to preserve their fun. Now I am worried that your hearing today is to open the doo to the legalization of prostitut Gentlemen, if you extend th definition of government-inspect meat to the sale of human flesh, you will do it over our dead bod ies. The women's movement will tolerate the legalization of sex slavery in this state. Yes, the is a prostitution problem. It i expressed by Judge..., who has w ten: "Most men who visit prosti utes would be considered normal. It was expressed by Judge.., who began to hold prostitutes in his court without bail after he got some complaints from friends of who were in town for a Bar Assoc, iation hearing. They claimed th were actually being harassed by men on the street. Well, if Jud, Schwalb were to put on a skirt a walk down 42nd St., or even Fin: Ave., any afternoon, despite his hairy legs, I think he would beg to understand what street harass. ment is all about. It is women are being harassed, day and nigh . and they are being harassed by and not the reverse. There is a serious problem in our society, when women with bition must sell their bodies be ause there is no other way they earn $15,000 a year. There is a serious problem when men think a ess to the female body is, if no a divine right, at least a money, right. Prostitution will not end ii this country until men see And man will not see as equals. women as equals until there is So it seen end to prostitution. we will have to work for the ful equality of women and the end tc prostitution side by side. In the meantime it seems to me, it' foolish to prosecute a woman for a crime in which she is the vicBut it is equally repreher tim. Bible to let a man go free for t criminal act of purchasing anotler's body. Now that concludes the fors part of my testimony. I had a great deal of difficulty writing these words down because, as the poet Adrienne Rich said in anot} er context, "this is the oppress ors language," And it's very clo when you start to write about pi stitution that you're using the oppressor's language, which is the male language. The institu tion is defined by the woman: prostitution; but it is the man There is who does the buying. formal word to describe that maJ we have just a couple of slang words like "john," "trick," th. the prostitute uses. Perhaps that's because it's all men and men have never felt the need fo a specific word in the language that defines something which is Anyway, I've h their province. trouble, and because of that I feel that other women from the movement must speak now.... taken from The Other Woman June 1972 16 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �RETURN TO: THE NORTHERN WOMAN Cam& Poole. Post Canada Po.0.0.3 316 :Ray Street Thunder Bay P, Ontario Return postage guaranteed Bulk third owe En nondxs bckilikti, clams chime 220 0111% wt. 9.rt-tERty t'll° 'c, .2% P. 17 1), wOlik Ira am, ...M. Alm. glib ma. vle - - -- -- 4, BAY S TAPE.°47 pr? 8,9),..PAv2. 0 0 7. ,t. (Six r ss ucs) .3 4.° Ycatt 7 ?.° ausiNos oR rtusTirurtow PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 2 No 4 Description An account of the resource Vol. 2, No, 4 (1975) Title: The Northern Woman: Women’s New Regional Journal Topics include: Women in Distress Editorial Policy Quality of Life Letters Social Work Social Workers Burnout Violence Against Women (Testimonial) Lesbianism & Motherhood Alcoholism Woman’s Credit Union Violence in the Media Woman & Stress Research Lakehead Social Planning Council Daycare Committee Comics Poetry Art About Northern Woman Journal About Northern Women’s Centre Suggested Readings Pioneer Women Media Representation of Women Abortion Law Repeal Male Socialization Book Reviews Rape Crisis Centre Dr. Henry Morgentaler Access to Abortion Media Representation of Black People Feminist News Port Arthur Clinic Strike Mothers on Budgets Prostitution & Patriarchy Prostitution & Victimization Authors/Contributors: M. Gibbons Bernice Cain Ruth Pat Leslie Mary Kay Burch Jacqueline Hétu Mallory Reva Bonnie Beckwoman Dorothy Redford Gert Beadle Ginger Ball Vivacia Landfors Dr. Lois Hayweiser Jack Litewka Susan Brownmiller Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2742/1976_Vol_2_No._5_CV01.pdf 22853e8946c20bfdc126469b20628aa1 PDF Text Text PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL 41010:411:1/01/0.7.sar...16.S.17_4401r My heartfelt thanks to my sisters from the Northern Woman's centre who were so supportive and helpful during my recent surgery.Also to friends and neighbours and sisters who sent gifts and flowers and cards. Your kindness will always be remembered. In sisterhood ari love I ,W,Y, WHAT IF THE DRUM THAT BEAT THE OLD YEAR IN AND OUT WAS HOLLOW WE DANCED, Noreen Lavoie. WHAT IF. WE KNEW THE PEOPLE V11-10 MADE THE DRUM AND CALLED THE SHOTS WERE LAUGHING, TO HELL WITH THEM WERE DANCING, FOR WE WILL MAKE OUR OWN DRUM AND BEAT IT TOO, WELL WRITE THE MUSIC AND THE WORDS AND KEEP ON MOVING, STEP -STEP SHUFFLE -WHIRL AND HUSTLE, PRAYER Deliver me from sure things they are so obviously rote, footprints hardened in cement, open privy doors for one intent and little goals established by the ant. Deliver me from what know is there,the plodding plotted life,the cushion in the snare. Direct me to the danger of the leap, one flight on faith alone before sleep out where the dice is tossed the caged bird sings, want to see the colour of her wings. I EDITORIAL POLICY he newsletter group,a Separate yet supportve group of toe Northern Woman's Centre, eflects the complexity of the makeup of the orthern Women's centre as a whole. Being a smaller,unified group,the editrial board of the Northern Woman will attempt hrough collective,creative and thought prooking comments,to respond to,and express through concensus of opinion) their reactions o, various articles, letters and timely topics f interest. Through such a policy it is hoped that IE NORTHERN WOMAN will become a tool for Amen to develop an increased understanding of ieir situation and forces affecting their I I Ives. THE LEGAL SANCTION OF RAPE The Criminal Code of Canada lists a crime called rape. Perhaps the fact that it is disguised as a "sexual offence"(which only happen to "immoral" people) is what enables the court system to ignore it. Ignore actually isn't the right word. The court sy tem seems determined to prevent successful prosecution of rapists. Eventually then, it may be hope4. a woman will no longer have the audacity to demand that a criminal who has assaulted her sex organs, attempted to demean and exploit her, and who presents a constant threat to theviecurity of the community,Be brought to justice. It would be too blatant for the system to simply request that the crime be eliminated from the criminal code. Some people might then take So the notice and object. process must be one of removing the crime by preventing juries from convicting rapists. have just How is this done? come to the end of a year of watching the process unfold. The particulars could vary I Send this coupon to your local MP. THE NORTHERN WOMENS CENTRE. The Northern Womens Centre, whose function has always been to encourage womens' groups to participate, now extends an invi tation to any womens groups in Northwestern Ontario to use the premises for their own meetings. All bookings can be made through: June Cryderman, Nothern Womens Centre, 120 Amelia St., West, Thunder Bay, Ontario. Phone;622-3989 (Tues.& Fri.) (10 a.m.-3 p.m.) BELIEVE THAT RAPE CRISIS CENTRES PERFORM I A VALUABLE SERVICE WHICH IS DESERVING OF THE ISSUE OF PERMANENT GOVERNSUPPORT. MENT FUNDING OF SUCH CENTRES SHOULD BE THE SUBJECT OF IMMEDIATE INVESTIGATION AND ACTION. NAME ADDRESS MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT depending on the specific biases of judges and the skill and fluency of defense lawyers but the following examples give a good picture. 1) Since rape is not such a serious crime anyway(?) rapists are generally not held in After all, no man custody. should have his liberty restricted just because he took away the liberty ofsomeone When court assizes are else. held prisoners in custody are This can result tried first. in there being no time left to hold the rapist's trial. So time goes on, memories become less clear, the victim is left in a state of trauma, and finally if schedules work out the rapist is tried some six, eight, or twelve months after the crime was co!-mitted. By then, the system may think, who cares anyway. OVER PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �CONTINUED FROM EDITORIAL PAGE (the rapist) lost control and A broken leg slapped her. could be explained similarly, no doubt, by the rapist saying I "she stormed out of the room didn't want to said after see her again and fell down The rapist needs the steps". only to get someone to claim that his own injuries predated the time of the rape. The credibility of such a witness in terms of his or her vested interest in the rapist isn't questI 'WomeN3 WANt to 6e, Rfire_t)." I ioned. 2)There are rules governing admission of evidence in rape trials which apply to no other case of criminal assault. One of these is the ease by which testimony regarding the complaint itself may be excluded. If a rape victim reacts in a normally terrified manner after gaining freedom from a rapist and reflects on the possibility of retaliation for reporting him, on the horror stories she's heard about the treatment of rape victims,and attempts to seek advice from trusted people she will find that in court a jydgement will be rendered that she did not make a complaint at the first "reasonable" opportunity., No consideration apparently is given tothe unreasondble state of mind hnmediately after the crime. The result-a jury suddenly realizes that they are spending days determining a case in which theyy crime 've never heard that was reported. 3) Because, as a judge recently stated it,"the previous experience of the law" indicates that rape is a charge too readily made by a "girl" on the basis of fantasy, jealousy, or spite,jurors are cautioned that it is "dangerous" to convict a man unless there is corroborative(supporting) evidence to the victim's testimony. Barring the existence of an eyewitness to the crime this usually means evidence of physical injury. This is not reasonable considering that rape is a form of assault which does not necessarily leave physical signs, particularly if the rapist admits to intercourse (with consent,of course). If a woman has been verbally threatened into submitting to the rapist there will be no physical injury. Why is rape victims who must it only permit further injury and possible death in order to prove a crime? Because, society says any woman should prefer death to forcible intercourse. It is especially critical to note that even when both the victim and the rapist have incurred injuries these are not considered corroborative if the rapist makes up any semi-plausible reason for them. For example, the victims face and head are bruised because "she (the victim) insperformance and ulted my sexual 4) As in any trial the judge is responsible for giving instructions to the jury. This involves an explanation of the law and of the factors which must be present in order to convict the accused. The judge also reviews the testimony presented, points out what evidence could be considered corroborative, and comments on what s/he considers to be important testimony and what questions or issues the jury want to pay particular attention to. It is here that the judge shows either the informed objectivity or the judgmental bias which s/he brings to such a highly If a judge esteemed position. personally holds false and biased assumptions about rape and about women who are raped and allows it to show in the review of testimony and in the other comments the judge can easily negate the jury system. Jurors in criminal trials are called upon to make a kind of decision which is unfamiliar to them, which is most difficult and often complex. When a person has to make this type of decision the perceived opinion of a "legitimate authority" (the judge) becomes all the more The most abvious, of course, is that a woman's "character" has some important bearing in whether it is permissable to rape her. For trial purposes this is disguised a bit by making a woman's "character" ortant in determining her "cre ibility (whether she is to be believed). Poor character can be defined as a woman who part cipates in social functions wi men, likes to have a good time socially and enjoys mutually agreeable sexual experiences. The logic of how this relates to a person's ability to tell the truth totally escapes me. The obvous indicator of credibility is whether a person ha a history of making false statements about people or events This, of course, is not relevant in rape trials. What is really being said is that a woman enjoys screwing then no man should get in trouble just for giving one when "she' didn't want it. The time and place is his perogative. The judges and defense lawyers i i just say this in fancier language. Most of the time in a rape trial is spent in examining whether this myth of "poor character" applies to the case at hand-out in examining the circumstances and events of the assaut. Because, if the first is true, the second is irrelevant. Another important myth is that "girls" think the best way to get back at a man who has offended them is to say-RAPE. Leal not be absurd: With the pubicity rape has had it is too incredible to believe that mos women don't know at least something about the way such influential. a charge is handled. Any othe When a judge says that a jury means would be more effective should consider as"important" in "getting back" at a man tha testimony the fact that a woman charging him with rape. accepted a dinner invitation Why does it happen? First becwith a man knowing that it would ause a deviant male has a larg be at his home, that she had population of people who (becsexual intercourse with a man ause of physique or cultural (the one who was later to rape conditioning) he can either ve her) knowing what she was doing, bally or physically threaten and tells them that "it would be into submitting to some demand very important to consider whether from him. Second because there is some action with a history this conduct is consistent with of social significance which a someone who would later not conmale can perform upon a female sent 'the judge's opinion is e even when she is fearful, nonquite clear. The jury can then responsive, or unconscious. acquit the rapist and having This action is one which socie delivered the verdict, be congsays is fine for him but immor ratulated by the judge for reachfor her. It's the perfect set would have ing "the verdict up. The deviant male can do hi: reached". The jury then can go criminal power trip(get the home satisfied that they read person to submit to him) and tl the judge's opinion correctly. perform an action upon the vic If a personpresumably chosen which "taints" her so that his assault becomes just a sex crir for a high level of integrity 171177Tonly happens to immoral is allowed to display such ignpeople). And the law hasn't orant and irresponsible behastrongvior without censure either the time or patience ly confirms the legal system's to protect "immoral" people. view of rape. So with such effective obstacles to conviction firmly imbThis is-an article based on my edded in law rapists are free personal experience about how th to continue testing their abilegal system sanctions the crimi lity to control other people. assault of rape. There is a long, long list of absurd myths and assumptions 134 BARq C 0 asl surrounding the crime of rape. want to deal with just a few. I i I PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �F A MI LY PROPERTY LAW 1. HUSBAND holds title and has made all payments,the house is his.At divorce,the house is his.At death, the house becomes part of his estate to be divided among his heirs as stated in his will or as stated by theDevolution of estates act if he has no will. 2.WIFE holds title,either through her purchase of the property or as a gift, the house is hers.At divorce,it is hers. At death it becomes part of her estate. WHAT PART IS YOURS? ONTARIO FAMILY PROPERTY LAW. What property do you share in your marriage? How do you share property? When do you share property? Do you want to share property? Who will decide--a judge or you? THINK NOW! Before and after marriage,husbands and wives purchase and acquire propertynot just real estate( buildings and parcels of land) but savings in a bank account ,furnishings for a home or apartment,electrical equipment,car, skidoo,boat and trailer,Canada savings bonds. Many people believe that property is shared as a result of marriage.Sharing to them implies 50-50 ownership unfortunately it is not so! In Ontario we have family property laws that create for and impose upon married persons a system of rights,liabilities,obligations and legal disqualifications in relation to property. Family property laws are under provincial jurisdiction and they differ from province to province. Ontario's system is entitled separation of property.Under separation of property rules,each spouse may act dependently of the other in acquiring, holding and disposing of property. Sectionl.(1) of bill 75 passed on July 10/75 states " For all purposes of the law of Ontario,a married man has a legal personality that is independant,separate and distinct from that of his wife and a married woman has a legal personality that is independant,separate and distinct from that of her husband". In the majority of marriages the entitlement to(ownership of) and the management of most of the money and property acquired during marriage is the husbands responsibility.Frequently title is pla ced in the husbands name only.lf the marriage breaks down,the assets that the couple gained during marriage are not shared.For example,the husband gets the the assets(property) and the wife appeals to the court for support and maintenance. Ownership of real and personal property is,basically determined by(who paid for it) and (who holds title) Eonsider the owner ship of the family home. 3. HUSBAND AND WIFE hold title in joint tenancy,the house is owned in equal shares by the husband and wife.At divorce,the monetary value of the house is shared equally. At death,the house becomes the property of the surviving spouse.The deceased's share is not included in his or her estate. 4.HUSBAND AND WIFE hold title in tenancy in common, the husband owns the percent age that he paid and the wife,the percentage that she contributed.For example60% paid for and owned by the husband and 40 % paid for and owned by the wife. At divorce the spouses receive their percentage value share according to their percentage contribution. At death,the surviving spouse receives his or hers percentage value share and the deceased's share becomes part of his(hers) estate. 5. ONE SPOUSE purchases the house and puts title in the other spouse's name it is presumed the spouse intended to make a gift of full ownership to the other, therefore,the recipient-spouse will be considered owner of the house( see Bill 75 -1.(3) (d)-July 10/75). 6. In common law relatioships(de facto marriage) if the title of the home is in one of the partners names,the house is entirely his(hers). Title can also be taken in joint tenancy and in tenancy in common. If A woman wishes to share the owner ship of her home,with her husband,then title of the home must be taken in joint tenancy or,in some situations,tenancy in common. Bill 75 1. (3) (D) (I) "The fact that property is placed or taken in the name of a husband or wife as joint tenants shall be prima facie proof that a joint tenancy of the beneficial interest in the property is intended". ;OWNERSHIP OF OTHER PROPERTY NEXT ISSUE AND HOW WIVES CAN SHARE MORE FULLY IN THE ASSETS OF THEIR MARRIAGE. JOAN PACKOTA, UNIVERSITY WOMEN'S THUNDER BAY. CLUB OF . THE BOOKSHOP Thunder Bay Bookshop Co -op Inc. 182 South Algoma Street Thunder Bay, Ontario REMINDER TO SISTERS: We will be setting up a booth again at the Flea Market,(May 15th) at the Fort William Gardens. Donations of baking, white elephant,plants,etc. Whatever you have,please bring to 120 IA) Amelia Street,(leave in porch) or phone 622-3989 forpick-up before the New titles at the Bookshop, of special interest to women; 1)The New Women's Resource Book-$5.75 -a '_.'whole earth catalogue" for feminists 2)Shoulder to Shoulder - $9.95 -a history of the suffragettes based on the B.B.C. television series. 3)The Thee Marias - $2.25 -originally banned in Portugal 4)A Book of Men - $5.95 -personal views of "the male experience" 15th. 5)What Have Women Done? - $2.00 -photo essay on working women in the United States We have the best selection of women writers: Lessing, Atwood, Nin, Laurence, Colette, Plath, Munroe etc. The Rape Crisis Centre will begin meeting again. Watch for further information. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I AM A LESBIAN CDEIr*11.1El'UFAS0 Sometime ago wrote a letter to The Northern Woman,some readers may remember it.lt was signed (anonymously) with "a lesbian sister".That letter was one of anger and frustration,at my situation,at some individuals.That anger emerged, in a misdirected way,by my obvious lashing out at Womans centre and the newsletter. Now over a year later.1 would like to add the second part of that letter. My purpose is three fold. want to apologize for the accusations made in that first letter and for any pain caused by the things said. want to come out andidentify myself,as couldn't do then want to talk about being a lesbian,because sharing our experiences and talking about our lives is one of our greatest sources of strengh,as Women I I I I I I lesbian or straight. wasn't born a lesbian,no woman is.I was involved in many relationshipswith men,some good some not so good.I have two child ren.I chose to be a lesbian over a year ago,around the time that first painful] letter was written up to that time my life was almost schizophrenic,I worked with women and loved them; all my positive energy went to and came from my relationships with women.I had other needs,love needs (sexual) sensual that weren't being met in those relatioships so slept wit-h,'Men.SOme of my exp eriences with men were good and positive but still felt a little uneasy,try as hard as could and as sensitive as the man may have been therewas a power imbalance that made it a struggle, for both the man and myself. then found myself wanting to express my love for a woman friend in sexual ways.This confused and frightened me but followed through on my feelings and began to discover a part of myself that had been very repressed,my own sexuality. For a time contiued relationships with men but found them to be too draining,again that imbalance of power. was quite happy then to have come to terms with my sexuality.I didn't realize,though,that feeling good about it was not enough.I was so high about my decision,I would blunder up to people with"guess what am,isn't it great",naturally it didn't evoke the kind of response was looking for. I I I I I 11 gh to break you.Apart from the occasional house-party, it was the only place to go to meet lesbians.Many of whom if they dont feel they are sick spend a lot of time lying and playing roles they dont want any part of. For a while was very self righteous,feeling superior because somehow felt was above that-I had figured it all out and wasn't afraid.I didn't want to associate with the bar dykes. Then came face to face with their oppression,which was now my oppression,also. fell in love with a woman. was high living with my lover and feeling good.I reached out to hug her in a public place and she pulled away frightened,I spoke to a college class about lesbianism; after,' touched a woman on the arm to get her attention and she jumped as though burned. These are the little incidents,all pointing out the very real situations that face the lesbian.The strengthswe find to-gether provides the balance. won't ever go back into the closet and as look at mylesbian friends more are coming out and feeling strong,we are starting to come to-gether as friends to unite with all oppressed people to fight this system that keeps us all down. I I I I I I I MALLORY NUEMAN The article titled,The image of women as object of agression by Lois Hayweiser Ph.D. must be credited to ,Newfoundland Status of women Council.We regret the oversight.It appeared in our last journal. I I I was surprised to see this issue since sometime ago wrote a long letter questioning the logic of your stand on abortion while at the same time claiming to be all for children. The reason was surprised to see this issue is that in this letter enclosed $2 in cash for a subscription, a foolish gesture for realize somebody got their sticky fingers on it, I-hope whoever it was didn't use it for a down payment on murdering a child. can't prove sent the $2 and have changed my mind about wanting the subscription, but since in the issue (Vol. 2, Issue 4) there is a reference to a Thunder Bolt that think must have referred to my letter, would like to see it. Anyway, I I I I I I I Feb.25/76 Dear friends, Enclosed find $9 for three subscriptions.Your journal is encouraging and supportive,it gives me a feeling of to-gethenness,I'm isolated here in the way of communication with other women so it's very good to hear your voice. thanks again, Betty Dondertman Emo Ontario. really did send that $2, and think you owe me the benefit of the doubt enough to send me that one issue. Consider it a If you don't challenge perhaps. have any extras you could write or type out that one item, my motive in requesting it is simpl curiousity, in any case send me no more copies. You have made it very clear the kind of reader you want, and I'm not she. You see really do believe in freedom of the press, to be born, to live my life in the way that is right for me and really do want every man, woman and child to have that freedom, you do not. You would kill and have things your way, would not. So be at peace, if you ever get get in my way will not use violence against you, you have the right to exist no matter how feel about you, you always did, from the moment of conception. My not wanting you around can't take away that right and never could. Your mother not wanting I I I I Mar,11/76 I I I I I I just pui-chased a copy of The Northern Woman, not having seen one around for awhile. looked through it, and my stomach is in quite a shock. How dare you speak (or claim to speak since you actually do not) for all women? Oh! well freedom of the press, suppose you'd say. I I wanted to explore my chosen lifestyle and it had to be with people like myself. What found was nothing to be "gay" about.I discovered the oppression of lesbians,which was stronger than the oppression of women as a whole. discovered women who were really afraid of losing their jobs,their kids, their families and their friends. The reality of lesbianism is something wasn't prepared for. Social life consists of a bar where the manager does his best to remind you that you are a queer and then charges you enou- I I I I Dear Friends, Enclosed find money for subs, for both myself and my sister in Dryden.Your journal is a real treasure to us young wives in the country,I hope you get the support you need and deserve for look forward to seeing you grow and continue to give us news on what women are doing all over the world. Beverly Sisco, Fort Frances Ont. I I I Mar,12/76 Dear Friends, just received a copy of The Northern Woman Journal and would like to add my name to your subscription list. Enclosed is a cheque for my subscription and a gift sub,1 wish to send to Linda Brown. Your, paper is something more women should read, Thanks for working so hard. Bonnie Hill. I I I I Continued on page t5 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �news frl ash Letters you could not deprive you of that right, she could have destroyed you but she would have been violating your rights as a person and as a woman, there never was a time you didn't have the right to live and you still have, even if you use your life to advocate destruction, to spew hate instead of love, to libel me as a woman, to press for the ultimate in rape, the ultimate in child battering, for abortion as a means of attaining your rights, and you will never have that right, no matter what you can get the government to say. No man (human or body of humans) can ever justify the killing of one human being. Now doubt you are still with me, but if yes, how about that Thunder Bolt. don't really think you will but no harm in asking. I I Glad not to be your sister, Ann Garret We believe the fact that there was a mail strike at the time of mailing for our last issue may be connected with its disappearance. The Thunder Bolt had nothing to do with abortion, and we are happy to forward it to you together with the cash you feel you have misspent. We believe there are many issues on which we agree. We should join forces on these, and not let this one issue divide us irrevocably. There should be no name calling among women who have so much to gain in sisterhood. You are still our sister. You have no choice, nor have we. The Editors REFLECTIONS At the heart of the Women's Movement--at least in the beginning--was a dissatisfaction with lack of opportunity. This lack derived from the inequality between the sexes. From that philosophical foundation--i.e. a quest for greater equality, the Women's Movement has proceeded to its present stage of development, at which time two important comments can be made about it: firstly, many women-and many men--feel that the Women's Movement has "arrived". Witness the cigarette commercial: "You've come a long way babyl" The fact of the matter is that the Women's Movement is still in its infancy. A recent study of high, school girls in Winnipeg indicates a total lack of consciousness and awareness of the changing roles of women. Secondly, the philosophical foundations of the Women's Movement have been completely forgotten- if in fact they were ever really comprehended by most women. The idea of equality, whith nurtured the original "Women's Liberationists" is now almost forgotten by the sole beneficiaries of the Movement to date--that is, white middle class women who now have a somewhat greater opportunity to do what the men have long done. These women, by and large, have forgotten that the soul of the Movement was the quest for equality--and that quest cannot be restricted to white middle class women. Large numbers of the officially recognized poor of this country are women- what is the Movement doing for them? At least half of the native people of Canada are women--what has the Movement done for them? Why has the Movement never realized that the quest for greater equality and dignity and justice for women in our North American society is only a part of a larger quest --for equality, dignity and justice--which must be waged for the very large minority of Canadians who do not share in the 'goodies' of our society, who do not have the opportunities which are rightfully theirs. The goal therefore is not to get more women in the board room--rather the goal is to get more women in the positions of power and have them The do different things. point of the Women's Movement is to remove the oppressor--oppressed relationship. It is NOT to substitute one The oppressor for another. woman who gains entry to the 'board room' and then perpetuates the policies of her male predecessors is not doing anything to solve the problems about which the originators of the Movement If in fact complained. we are satisfied with having women play the same games that men have always played, perpetuating the same kinds of injustices which so recently saw us as victims, then the whole Movement has missed the point and honest women must abandon it. The Women's Movement must align itself with other movements of the oppressed: where was the voice of the Women's Movement last summer when Kenora area Indians occupied Anicinabe Park? Do they not suffer the same oppression as we? Where is the voice of the Women's Movement on the whole question of poverty? Do we not feel that the fact that from 4 to 1/3 of Canada's population lives below the poverty line is injustice and inequality? And is it not injustice and inequality against which we fight? Do they not suffer from the same oppression as we? Let me just briefly summarize the two main points that am emphasizing here today. First, consider slogans like "You've come a long way baby", a patronizing insult as well as an inaccuracy. We have made some good progress, it's true, but let us not be duped into complaccency by the slick slogans of the advertising industry. We still hav a lot further to go. And second, as we continue along the path that we have started, let us not, those of us who have benefitted from the changes brought about thus far, lose sight of the original driving force behind the Women's Movement, that is, the search for justice and equality; and let us keep in mind that if women are deserving of justice and equality so are all others in our society who presently I I feel The 2468th (Special) Session of the General Assembly of the Sovereign Republic of Amnesia. Wondering what all this fuss is about the Status of Women; Recalling that the status of women was established firmly and irrevocably 6,000 years ago when the Secretary General of the Universe as an afterthought manufactured Eve out left rib of Adam thus of the giving women a sinister (Latin sinistra) secondary role on the precendence table; Snickering at the presumpand tion that a creature fashioned from a dispensable single bone of a man could be any. stretch of the imagination be considered equal to him; Hooting uproariously at the selection of Latin America, the centre of Machismo as the venue for the International Women's Year Conference; Scoffing at the notion that women should participate in decision-making except in trivial matters such as where the fam- ily should live, what food they should eat, what furniture they should have in the home, what school the kids should attend, what clothes they should wear, and what religion they should follow; Insisting on the other hand that important decisions such as whether the Amnesian Libera- tion Organization (ALO) member of the United Nations, are the special should be a prerogative of men; Determined to see that such vexatious irrelevancies are broughtto a halt forthwith; Nations to proclaim every year from 1976 International- Man's= Year in Order to restore the status established ante quo; Reaffirms the ancient law that all men are born equal and all women are born unequal; Resolves to request the Secretary General of the Uni- verse to let men go on messing up the Earth as they have been doing since the beginning of creation.Taken from the New Internationalist ....August 1975 its lack. by Leslie Silver Credited to the Winnipeg Women's Liberation Newsletter; Page 14. Rape Study Although there is much concern and discussion about rape these days, very little is actually know in terms of what the experience means to the woman herself. We are now beginning a study on the social and psychological effects of rape on women. For this study, rape means any act of sexual intercourse you are made to commit against your will whether it be by your husband, neighbour or a stranger. The results of this study will be used to help women who have been raped. Because everyone's experience is unique, we need to talk with and receive information from as many women as possible. Great care will be taken to guarantee that the name of the participants are confidential. If you have ever been raped and would be willing to fill out a questionnaire or be interviewed, please write to me at the address below or call (519) - 742-6745. Betsy Spaulding, c/o Psych. Dept., University'of Guelph, Guelph Ont. Jan. 29,.1976. CP PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �. . and just when think I my energy has run out- - that they've at last succeeded in bringing me to my knees, they've finally pushed their MISDIRECTED FRG ever important male egos I E deep into me, Right now Right now, I am angry. I like some half-hearted rape attempt, am. I run into beauty itself. The insult came, coupled oddly enough (or perhaps not odd at all) with the injury- - she comes to me in the shape of a friend the knowledge that my energies are being so misspent a sister. in anger . . . . and Misdirected energies. I We all fall victim to this ploy, to this, our REAL enemy. I regain my determination realize once again that my quest for freedom, my woman's movement will never With all the love our bodies house, die. our dreams will be realized. and they can't grind me down again. One day (alas). Paulah Edwards Of this, I'm sure . . Now just wish could do something with all my anger! I I To my first love wish could re-route it. it out in clouds of love. and hope, and confidence I Hey sister! look at me know you.I know how you feel, how you love I Send . . I . me know you so well because you are me Let it seep into you and help you make it through all the fights Aall the worries all I the pain. passed a tall stranger On the ancient stone bridge one night No fear evoked my spirits Though lacking secureness of much I But can not. I Angry as am, realize how futile how time-consuming this emotion is. I I And (perish the thought!) wish could retaliate against all those people responsible! light. I I I Dressed in black, his coat The wind did not flutter His features saw not And no sound did he utter. I But with that thought comes a new consciousness a new peace. watched him closely, my shadow and But he gazed down-The turbulant water, smashing against its banks A forbidding sound. I I The reality of my L 0 V E for those who try so hard to destroy that part of me, that threatens them-- andyou'reexciting and'beautiful and strong. Yet you choose not to be, you choose to let your strength be drained, you choose to let the man tell you not to b what you want to be. know he's good and kind and gentle, but you look at me with sad eyes and say ,I have to try to work it out, while you end the way of life you love to live the way of life he lives to become the kind of wife he loves and try to give your space to him and abandon all your dreams to him, while you look so tired and worn and sad. Hey Sister! look at me love you,I love what you feel, know your strengh,the woman you are, know you so well and I'm waiting for you. I I rhe knowing I that they see me through different eyes and feel through different hearts, and no one is right .and no one is wrong. Vld right now I'm peaceful end right now, I am. -Paulah Edwards journeyed on But afterthoughts did return. For what did that soul want? What feeling in his heart did burn. I Mall ory saw him not again But remember well that night. Something of him haunted me still Which had to put to right. I I It was a night like the past When realized with a shudder What troubled my sight and mind Of thoughts it could not utter. What had, he had not How his head, bowed as if standing on a gallow For he was indeed condemned For only the dead have no shadow! I I Doreen PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �where do we go ? WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE? The Weekend of March 5th, 6th and 7th was reserved for the "Where do we go from Here" Seminar at Confederation Friday night's guest College. speaker, Ruth Cunningham assessed the previous year's work (of Internation Women's Year) and set the tone of good hard thinking and commitment for the following two Workshops: 1. The morning session consisted of a panel discussion. The panel members, Liz Jobbitt, Marlene Pierre, Ruth Cunningham and Mary Gusella, were willing to put aside their differences and work together to further the position of ALL women today. The afternoon session From consisted of workshops. these workshops, the resolutions that follow, came out and were brought forth on the Sunday morning session. The resolutions follow. The body that met on Sunday morning chaired by Joan Pechota, decided that it was necessary to maintain a standing body of women to act as a committee to carry out any previous outstanding work of the,-council as well as to carry out the resolutions brought out during the weekend. Entertainment was provided on Friday night by the Oras Choir and on Saturday evening by the Kaiku Choir, Kate Parkarri, Gert Beadle, Marg Lanchok and The Mandolin Orchestra of the Association of United Ukrainians. Mary Kardash of the Manitoba Action Committee was the guest speaker for Saturday Craft night's session. displays and art displays were set up by local women's It was a very eventgroups. ful and extremely profitable weekend for all who attended. After all that talk though we need ten years of persistent action to follow-up on all that was discussed. WE RECOMMEND THAT A BODY OF WOMEN BE FORMED TO CARRY OUT THE WORK OF INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR COUNCIL, AND THAT THIS BODY BE RESPONSIBLE FOR CAMPAIGNING AROUND THE ISSUE OF EQUAL PAY AS OUTLINED IN THIS RESOLUTION. 2. a task force, possibly a sub-committee of a body elected today, to undertake an intensive study of the present economic situation (A.I.B., and Henderson Report), and how it affects women in Northwestern Ontario, with particular emphasis being given to key areas where women can be organized. Native Women WHEREAS, in light of social, economic and political climate of Canadian society, the issues facing native women have not been given the recognition and discussion so desired, and, WHEREAS, there has evolved a number of crucial issues identified and voiced by native women, especially in Northwestern Ontario region, i.e., - the access of Indian women to the work force and training programs, etc. THEREFORE, Be It Resolved that this assembly support and ratify that native women be appointed to the Ontario Status of Women Council to ensure the participation of native women in all aspects of Canadian society. Canada. 2) 3) THIS BRIEF REVIEW OF ACTION both in Canada and on a world scale, shows a notable advance in the struggle for women's equality. 1975 laid a solid foundation as the opening year for a Decade for Women - 1975-85 - proclaimed by the United Nations. This will form an integral part of the forces fighting against imperialism, for national liberation struggles, and the advance of the forces for world peace and socialism. Equal Pay for Substantially the same Work WHEREAS, the present economic crisis is having a brutal effect on the living standards of Canadian women; those who are the hardest hit by unemployment and low paying jobs and, WHEREAS, the possibility for equal pay has been set back by the economic control program, thus freezing women in their inequality, be it resolved that if women's rights and equality are to be guaranteed -the fight for equal pay and the fight to organize the unorganized in those areas where women are concentrated must be stepped up through such means as: an education program 1) to raise the awareness of organized and unorganized labour about the importance of the fight for equal pay and the role organized labour has Furtherin the fight. more, that a suggested list of references be compiled for use in the school system by teachers to make students more aware of the history of the Labour Movement in days. continuing to pressure the government to put into force the U.N. declaration on the elimination of discrimination against women. Be it further resolved that this resolution be sent to all the trade unions in Northwestern Ontario. 4) INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE? MARCH 5,6,g 7 CONFERENCE a concerted effort to contact all unions in Northwestern Ontario, and to make them aware of the Working Woman's Conference and strongly encourage them to send Following delegates. this conference, massive programs should be launched (preferably by union organizations and councils) to provide leadership training for women, especially in the area of organizing and collective bargaining. 4c * 3. Family Property Law It Resolved that through the educational process, all the women of this province become aware of the present property laws, and how these laws can be applied to their individual situations. That through this awareness, women can strengthen their economic position and then establish their own identity. BE It Resolved also that with this knowledge and identity, women can then contemplate and fight for legal reforms that will further their position and goals towards equal rights and greater security for the family and home. Be 4. Government Cutbacks in Social Services WHEREAS the financial restraints imposed by the Provincial Government on social services are unacceptable and will create intolerable hardship Continued on page 9 PDF 8 compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �and misery for the disadvantaged and powerless members of our society, and WHEREAS, the short term financial savings will result in long-term and accumulative human suffer-' ing, and WHEREAS we, the women of the Northwestern Ontario Women's Conference, are incensed at the meagre amount of monies set aside in the provincial budget for social services, we strongly object to the 5.5% ceiling on increases in this already appallingly small allocatThe disadion of funds. vantaged and powerless members of our society, the great majority of whom are women and children, are being asked to lie down in a province where they have been guaranteed "a place to stand". Therefore, Be It Resolved that we urge the Government of the Province of Ontario to re-examine its priorities in relation We to social services. strongly urge that the allotment for social services, at the very least, cover the increased cost of existing services. These measures are necessary-to provide the continuance of progressive and humane human services in the wealthiest province of Canada. WHEREAS, we are concerned that provincial restraints may restrict the continued development of progressive social services in this community, we wish to advise the City of Thunder Bay that we have protested the provincial decision to place a 5.5% ceiling on increases in the social We encourservice budget. age the City to ensure that its existing social service programs are continued and we urge the City to make strong representation for adequate provincial funding support. WHEREAS, it is the right of all Canadians to have sufficient income to live in dignity, and, WHEREAS, the present social assistance system is fragmented, inefficient and discriminatory, and perpetuates the stigma of welfare, THEREFORE Be It Resolved that we urge the Ontario Government to vigorously pursue negotiations with the Government of Canada to ensure the early implementation of a universal, guaranteed, annual, adequate income security system. 5. Women in Distress A - Rape: WHEREAS, rape and assault is a concern of everyone, and, WHEREAS, all women of all ages are vulnerable, and, WHEREAS, the public holds many misconceptions about ing, as vehicles for reaching women working in the rape, and, home. WHEREAS, women who have been assaulted need legal and emotional help, Be It Resolved that, An adequately-funded public awareness program be instituted which would WHEREAS, we feel women working in the home have been an untapped human resource, and, WHEREAS, women working in their own homes can be an influence on legislative bodies, and, WHEREAS, we are concerned that this untapped human resource be informed and activiated, we THEREFORE Resolve that a resource body be formed to provide information and direction to women who are concerned about women's issues and who want to participate in positive action. include: 1) a public seminar to be held on the topic of rape at Confederation 2) an ongoing education program, beginning at an early age, which would include the de-mythizing of rape and the elimination of stereotypes which portray women as passive and dependent ob- College. More jects. 3) programs which examine the concept that power is acquired through conquest and humilia- 4) an awareness of the role of the media violence (both overt and subtle) with women as tion. victims. an emphasis on selfdefence courses for women which should be available both for school children and adults, and Be It Further Resolved: that this conference and its individual delegates support in all ways possible the necessity to reactivate the rape crisis organization, on a permanently funded and staffed basis in order to provide immediate help to assaulted women, and legal and emotional counselling, not only to help the individual, but to aid women to prosecute. Be It Resolved that we seek to enlarge the body of the present Citizen's Committee on Crisis Hous5) ing. Be It Further Resolved that we continue to lobby in a public way for the City to implement the original concept of a haven for beaten women and; if failing in our efforts, that we seek public support, to establish a true, independent Crisis House. 6. What Can We Do From Within Our Own Homes? WHEREAS, we are concerned with raising the consciousness of women working in their own homes concerning women's issues, we resolve that we support the existing women's groups, such as Y Neighbours, Confederation College Women's Programs and Women's Centre, to ensure that these groups continue to expand and provide leadership train- Dear Lesbian Sister. Poem to my first love-somehow the person seemed very familiar. In fact so familiar that she feels,must/needs and wants to respond to it.Why does she struggle daily to find a man who is both deserving and open to receive the incredible amount of love that she has stored up inside?Why does she continue to settle for less?.Maybe she doesn't believe there is any more.She convinces herself dailybe your find your own life own person.... trying to fake a calmness when there is turmoil inside.Maybe she is asking too much from men,maybe her love needs are neurotic and maybe...just maybe.,. she needs to see a shrink..help me doctor! Why do men run from too intense to be my love? am normal?Why so afraid of their silences.. What's he thinking when leave? Does he want me to stay? Why can't she be honest with them, God knows she often tries to convince herself that she is--but she knows her lies--she lives with them daily.But she is still trying-giving and receiving love in small hand-outs..be patient- dont hurry so,it will happen. So she continues to wait....God she hates waiting.Maybe this time-go slowly,hc by hour- day by day,try to trust him..he's a friend,he's different from other men--she tries so hard to believe it....so damn hard. She's a good woman,not bad to look at,a growing person,intellig ent,sensitive and loving,strong in so many ways. She will try one more time,slowly hour by hour,day by day and when it ends,when he tells her"maybe we shot cool it for a while" you'll be there just like always,to listen and suppc and tell her what a damn fool she think isYou'reprobably right but I'll try it onemore time. I I I ESTELLE FREIDLANDER. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Berlin ( Vaired are the possibilities In which we women command. women's and youth organizations, in trades unions, in parliamentary bodies and local government, in religious, social and ., 11:1411 11411 (111 till C111.11411 (111° Ell %Ilc=lesiltdOlfqicicne:: 4mmemommmmammor Ammmadb Disarmament, not We state: armament--more money for the legitimate rights of women. We condemn the arms monopolies who seek higher profits. APPEAL TO THE WOMEN OF THE WORLD We denounce the forces of militarism who oppose peace in order to profit from war. We have come from all continDEVELOPMENT--this word embraces ents to Berlin, the capital of for us women's contribution the German Democratic Republic, to social life, to the political to attend the World Congress for and economic independence of their International Women's Year. country, to democratic transformEquality - development-peace; ation and to social progress. this theme has brought us together. Every second woman lives in In this spirit, we direct this a country which has only recently appeal to the women of the world. broken free from the grim Humanity is how entering the shackles of colonial exploitlast quarter of the 20th century. ation and oppression. It is a time of unparalleled Development means We state: changes in all spheres of life. doing everything necessary to We are witnessing the fact that overcome the harmful legacy of more and more nations are embarkEconomic indepencolonialism. ing on the road to shaping a dence must complement and follow system of peace and social justice. on from national liberation. We perceive the historic oppor- Women should be given definite tunity, and the responsibility rights and opportunities to that our generation has, to decide Only decide their own future. with its life and its struggle a free people can guarantee what the world should be like in women's legitimate rights. the next century--a flowering We demand that no nation garden--or an atomic waste-land; anywhere in the world should --a place where peoples and states We demand suffer from hunger. strive together in peace and in that the whole of humanity be mutual respect--or a hotbed of allowed to take part in social conflict, fulLcof confrontations EQUALITY in society, progress. We shall provide and injustices. in legislation and in reality, the answers ourselves. We shall none of that just falls into shape the path into the next women's laps. millennium. We demand that women everywhere We, the women of the world, in recognition of their dignity who give life to new generations, and their achievements, be allowed have an especial right and duty fully to develop their talent to make it a secure path for us, and capacity. We oppose out-offor our children, and for our date relations of ownership This is children's children. and power which perpetuate what we aim to do as long as there discrimination against women in is life in our body. education, remuneration and social We are making ourselves, before position. the eyes of the world, the advocate We state: Equality means for all those who want to live equal rights in the family and in a world where the great proban equal right to in society , To lems of humanity are solved. work, equal pay for work of achieve this aim we call for equal value, and all-round international solidarity. promotion of women in all PEACE--for centuries it was no Equality canspheres of life. more than a longing of the not be achieved without the Today there are grounds people. active participation of women for hoping to establish lasting This is what we themselves. What prompts such optimism peace. more than anything else is the transition that has taken place from cold war to detente, the growth of the forces committed to peace and national liberation,. And yet, the danger of war has not been removed. The material preparations for war 300,000 million continue. dollars a year are put to use If the money for for armaments. these weapons, which are so dangerous to peace, were spent on social purposes, then many more women and girls could be guaranteed job security, all could benefit,from education, state welfare schemes for mother and child, schooling could be provided free of charge, and funds could be set aside for art and culture. 10 call for. Liberation of women from worry and need can only be the fruit of national and social liberation, as the destiny of women is inextricably bound up with the destiny of their Peace, democracy, nations. national independence and social progress must triumph throughout the world. These are AIMS which impose obligations on all of us and call for our full commitment. And we have the MEANS to achieve them. Women, be aware of the power Your voice is a you wield. mighty weapon, speak out loud and clear! The future of this Earth depends on the actions of each individual, of all of us. Unite for common action! inntional and world -wide organizations, wherever you are at work: Move into action to make Strengthen women's influence felt! the unity of the peace-loving forces! Women on all continents, respond to this call! Take the cause of peace, democracy, national independence, social progress and equality Fight for it into your own hands. Reflections on I.W.Y. I.W.Y. is over --- you remember, that was "International Women's Year", brought to you by the same folks that brought you "The Hippies" and "The Civil Rights Movement", in living colour with lots of But what human interest angles. was really accomplished by the United Nations' declaration of an International Women's Year? Certainly, there were no far-reaching political repercussions or legisHenry Morgentaler lative changes. is still on trial and property and marriage laws are as oppressive as always. There was a subtle difference in the atmosphere surrounding women's issues, though, in areas like the use of neutral rather The than masculine pronouns. word "chairperson" no longer evokes laughter, and a society's attitudes are reflected in its langThe increased media coveruage. age of women's groups resulted in our increased awareness of each other, and a greater feeling of solidarity within the Movement itself. I.W.Y. also promoted increased government funding for women's programs in 1975, although many such projects were forced to fold, leaving large gaps in the community services, when the end of I.W.Y. resulted in the simultaneous cutback on We must also be prespending. pared for a negative backlash, in which these offices that refuse to acknowledge women's issues will justify their negativity "You've had by comments like: your Year -- what is it that you women WANT, anyway?" On the positive side, we have achieved So, recognition, if not acceptance, and controversy will always spread. As for the rest of us, the women who have struggled for and achieved some type of liberation in various areas of our personal lives or our social, economic and political situation: we were here a long time before I.W.Y., and we'll be here a long time after. Sisterhood is POWERFUL! Sally Cozens Credit Woman's Centre review London Ont,. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �HERE SHE IStMISS CANADA The following is a press release from the women who disrupted the Miss Canada Pageant, November 3, 1975 "This statement is an explanation of the action that took place at the Miss Canada Pageant on Monday night, November 3, 1975 The disruption of the Pageant was carried out by 10 women (and supported by many others across the country) to protest the degrading and sexist nature of the Miss Canada Pageant. We were not attacking the contestants but the big business practice of making economic The wingains through the exploitation of women. ning women in the Pageant are given prizes or These gifts rewards for satisfying their judges. are then written off on the income taxes of the donors and Canadian taxpayers end up footing the Miss Canada is the product, the image of bill. womanhood which is peddled to the women of Canada by big business according to its needs and interIn IWY, especially, big business and the ests. Government of Canada have worked hard to co-opt the women's movement and to confuse women in Canada about the real issues. We protest not only the sexism of the Miss Canada Pageant but the manner in which it, too, is being used to co--opt the women's Liberation itself has become a product, movement. a fashion, yet another thing for women to live up To quote Miss Canada to, to buy, to compete for. "For the benefit of our newly-arrived guests 1975: have in the past year had an opportunity, as a woman, to express my views to thousands of people, have been able to convey to hope that and these people that the Canadian woman is intelligent, motivated, aware and very much on the move." This year's product is woman on the move--the liberated This product has been We will not buy. woman. especially d9signed to confuse and pacify us in No We protest. IWY and we will not swallow it. woman today is liberated. Working women, housewives, women on welfare, sole-support mothers, native women, black and third world women are not Intelligent, motivated, creative, liberated'. The power strong women remain oppressed today. We will not be silstructure has not changed. enced." I I I FRA M ED The following is a statement made by the editors of THE OTHER WOMAN on Beauty Contests. We are in no way, however, putting down the We are against Miss Canadas, women who participate in Miss Worlds, Miss Universes, beauty pageants. Beauty Miss Teenage Canadas, Miss queens win scholarships, Grey Cups...All these beauty prizes and an opportunity contests are a constant reto get an entry into someminder that we have a role thing that they do want. to fulfill, that we have to Feminism means all women all the time set ourselves have the right to choose. The great up to be judged. We recognize many choices majority of us do not fit women make are for survival. the physical requirements- However, under capitalism, yet delude ourselves that we are given the illusion if we only buy (and use) of choice so long as it enough of the right prodfits into the fra-mework ucts, we can look beautialready chosen for us. ful. The function of the Miss Canada Pageant is to use the her "ideal" as an example of pick woman to the ultimate good consumer--our role as houseworkers under capitalism. [ NORTHERN WOMAN CENTRE WOMEN IN NEIGHBOURHOODS THE NORTHERN WOMAN COMMUNITY ACTION CENTRE MOTHERS ON BUDGETS Ant; ?of/e1-4- GOOD NUMBERS TO 622-3989 622-8187 345-5841 345-0921 622-2863 2...Z I I 3-3 We agree with the disruption of the Miss Canada Pageant by the 10 But we women involved. question their tactics. Militancy definitely has its place within feminist struggles, but we must carefully examine its context and resort to it only under sympathetic conditions. Inevitably, splashy one-shot actions only result in press distortion which confuse and mislead the mass of women as to the real intent. Although alternatives may be a lot slower and require more work, they are a lot more effective on a long-term basis. CALL. .SOCIAL SERVICES.. .623-2711 CRISIS 1NTERVENTION...344-3571 623-9596 FAMILY COUNCILLING 345-1972 LEGAL AID 344-1192 TELECARE 6,23 .2757 cvyk\ nue. - Sm31481,Bai- 344-2431 .SMITH CLINIC 623-2711 CRISIS HOUSING HUMAN RTS COMMISSION...475-1693 EMPLOYMENT STANDARDS....475-1691 344-3922 MUNICIPAL DAY CARE 622-2450 11 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �N.W.O. INTERNATIONAL WOMENS DECADE CO-ORDINATING COUNCIL. It is the wish of this council, which was formed out of the IWY Conference, to publish the minutes of our monthly meetings in tne Northern Woman. This will be the council's means of informing womens' groups throughout N.W Ontario of the work we are doing. MEETING OF APRIL 4, 1976 PRESENT: Lynn Thornburg Eleanor Eryou Gert Beadle June Cryderman Marg Lanchok Grace Cryderman Mary Holbik Paulah Edwards Mickey Murray Thyra Digby Lisa Bengtsson Joan Farrow Leona Lang Diane Roulston Joan Packota Bernice Cain CORRECTION & ADOPTION OF MINUTES. Lynn moved minutes be adopted. Seconded by Mickey. All in favour TREASURER'S REPORT. Tabled till the meeting of May 15, because all bills due from conference were still not all received. WRAP UP OF OLD BUSINESS: I.W.DAY PROCLAMATION: Mickey confirmed the proclamation of IWD did appear in the Chronical Journal on Mar. 5. SOCIAL SERVICE CUTBACKS: Paula reported that no new PC2 meetings had been scheduled in the last two weeks. IWY CONFERENCE EVALUATION: The report on IWY Conference and evaluation of conference fund grant was not yet completed,because Lynn had not yet received all bills coming out-of the conference. N.W.O.I.W.D.C.C. REPORT 1. Name of new council will be N.W.O. INTERNATIONAL WOMENS DECADE CO-ORDINATING COUNCIL. -all in favour- carried. 2.Notification of intended abscence from meeting to be sent to: Leona Lang,37 Carrie St. Thunder Bay, Ph. 344-1044. or Paulah Edwards, 53 Crown St. Ph. 345-0850. Moved by Joan -seconded by Paulah-all in favour 3.Application to Secretary of State for transportation fund. A motion was put forth for the N.W.O.I.W.D.C.C. to apply for a grant to cover transportation and mailing costs.Thyra moved that Marg send a brief to Secretary of State-seconded by Eleanor NEW BUSINESS: REPORT OF AVAILABLE GRANTS: Presented by Lisa; 1. Health& Welfare; a $25,000.00 grant is available to cover costs of publishing studies or activities in the field of womens' health and social welfare, carried out during I.W. Year. 2. Secretary of State; a $10,000 grant is available for N.W. Ont. Womens' Programs This is a substantial increase over the previous years' grants. All womens groups in N.W. Ont. are eligible to apply. COMMUNITY EDUCATION CONSULTANT FOR WOMENS PROGRAMS: Colleen Hughes of Thunder Bay has been hired to fill this position. The N.W.O. I.W.D.C.C. is pleased to hear of this appointment,and look looks forward to meeting her, and forming an active liason with her -all WANTED: LIASON REPS: in Favour. IT WAS UNANIMOUSLY FELT THAT THE CONTRIBUTION OF NATIVE WOMEN TO THE N.W.O.I.W.D.C.C. WOULD BE MOST VALUABLE. The N.W.O.I.W.D.C.C. would like to establish liason with every community in Northwestern Ont. This duty involves attending one meeting ,a month 41,ThunderBa' for which there will be a subsidy Anyone interested in being liason representative between their community and the N.W.O.I.W.D.C.0 please contact: Leona Lang, 37 Carrie St., Thunder Bay, Ont., Phone; 344-1044. , ELECTION OF OFFICERS FOR NEW COUNCIL. Mickey felt someone from the surrounding district should be on council executive to emphasize the fact this council is regional. It was decided to have an alternating chairperson, one from Thunder Bay, and one from the district. Mickey moved to nominate Bernice Cain(Atikokan) for chairperson & Paulah Edwards (Thunder Bay) as Vice-Chairperson Nominees voted in by acclamation! SECRETARY: Lynn moved nominations for secretary be closed and retain Leona as secretary. Second ed by Mickey-all in favour. TREASURER: Lynn moved to nominate Marg Lanchok. Seconded by Gert. Voted in by acclamation! REPORTS: RAPE CRISIS: Paula reported a core group had been established consisting of nine valuable resource persons. This new body was formed out of the resolution of the Rape Crisis Workshop at the conference. Weekly meetings are held every Wed evening at 8:30 P.M. at the Northern Womens' Centre. Paulah will be the liason between the NWO I.W.D.C.C. & the Rape crisis Committee. Anyone wishing to join contact Paulah at 53 Crown St., Thunder Bay.Phone 345-0f150. CRISIS HOUSING:Gert confirmed tha that Dorothy Akram has replaced Mr. Zapier, in charge of crisis housing in Thunder Bay. Gert's group will present a proposal at the next meeting of crisis housing in Thunder Bay. 12 in favour. 4. Resignation of Council Members Lynn moved that the resigning per person should help through the transitionary period. Seconded by Mickey-All in favour. 5. Publicity;Marg moved we appoint a publicity committee. Lynn and Leona volunteered. Paula will arrange for a photograph of the new council to be taken at the next meeting. This along with a new release containing or aims and objectives will be sent to all district new media in the near future. Discussion folowed re; future publicity ventures and public relations. NATIVE WOMEN: Bernice reported she sent a letter to Marlene Pierre of The Indian Friendship Centre, inviting her to join our council. It was moved by Lynn,we send a letter to Edith McLeod of the Ont. Native Womens' Assoc. & moved by Mickey we send a letter to Nancy Morrisson of the Kenora Native Womens' Assoc. inviting them both to also join our council. Seconded by Joan Farrow All ADOPTION OF PROPOSALS FROM MEETING OF MAR. 20th. ''FAMICt PROPERTY LAW: Joan Packota reported that family property law work was a project of the University Womens Club, of which she is a member. Joan has submitted a series on family property law to the "Northern Woman". 111.0 N.W.O.I.W.D.C.C. MEETING: SATURDAY MAY 15th; TIME 10.15-2.15 PLACE :Confederation Conference Dining Room. Please bring a lunch. Send notification of intended abscence. : AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE N.W.O.I.W.D.C.C. As ammended from the meeting of March 20th. AGENDA. LONG TERM: 1. Act as a resource centre fo womens issues. 2. Liason for womens groups in Northwestern Ontario. 3. Help improve co-operation an communication with womens 1.Adoption of minutes of previous meeting. 2.Treasurer's report. 3. Correspondence 4. Publicity report: Lynn & Leona 5.Rape Crisis Report: Paula 6.Crisis Housing Report from Kenora:Joan Farrow 7. Crisis Housing Report; Thunder Bay: Gert groups and the work they are doing in North Western Ontario. 8. 9. NI& Marg moved the council use the Northern Woman regularly as a vehicle for communication. Leona and Gert will be council reps to the Northern Woman. Lynn moved to prepare an information package concerning the N.W.O.I.W.D.C.C. to be sent to every womens orgaization listed in the directory. The publicity committee will prepare this package. Seconded by Jaon Farrowall in favour- carried. SHORT TERM: 1.Follow up the conference resolutions. 2.Continue previous council business. 3. Campaign around womens issue! 4. Educate the public to ou tru( purpose. Next meeting; Sat. May 15th 10;15-2;15 Confederatin College Conference Dining Room. Marg moved the meeting be ad journed - seconded by Lynn-all favour. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �THE 13LUE COLLAR company employ people or machines??(slaves??) YOU'VE COME A LONG WAY BABY'. OR HAVE WE? (I)? My bladder definitely does not agree with the cold weather, and had been standing there for five hours already. Because the superintendent had intimidated me to such a point asked my partner if he had any suggestions as to where could go. I'm Wanting to work construction was always a secret fantasy I of mine. Someday, thought, could work alongside workiI I ng class men, understand them and perhaps develop a feeling of comradeship and equality. My chance came one windy, winter day when was sent by the union to the construction site of a water and sewer project. I I sure he had an answer to that one,but was too much of a gentleman. He didn't know where should go. Frustrated to the point of tears,cramped by the cold, and physically uncomfortable, urinated standing there. have never felt so humiliated, degraded and embarrassed. Being totally alienated by the men had no one to confide in,or just even laugh about it. Finally talked to the shop steward who guarded the merqs change room while utilized it. He informed me would have to find somewhere else to go and stressed how had put the superintendent in a bind. (I WOULD HAVE TO FIND SOMEWHERE ELSE TO GO- WAS THAT MY JOB 7?) I I Although being nervous an &frightened, as everyone is beginning a new job, was somewhat excited. It became much easier however, when thought would finally be able to pay my bills on time and even be able to save money as the pay was approximately $150.00 more a week than had ever made. arrived half an hour early and the morning started out as it would for anyone. was directed to the superintendent's trailer whereupon gave him my work papers and informed him the union had sent me. was quite impressed by his composure although my presence obviously irritated him. I, I I I I I I I felt that the secretary was not too pleased when arrived in her privately carpeted trailer and tracked mud in to use the facilities. I I I I I I I was still not given definite approval of a position on the site. Each time questioned the superintendent about this,and washroom facilities, he procrastinated by saying the union still had not called.. knew was definitely not wanted, which unfortunately somewhat discourI I I He expressed how dangerous the job was and how much heavy labour was involved. The tactics he was using had no effect on I He tried to,-discourage me further but was quite persistant, so he told me to come back at ten after he contacted the union on this matter. He stressed the lack of facilities for women so suggested that could use the secretary's washroom. Nothing was said so considered that problem solved. informed him had no transportation and would remain on the site until ten, at which point he muttered something about having no car would create another problem. He directed me to the site to watch a man who presumed would eventuatually become my partner. Although ever Yother worker was provided with equipment (hard hat, oilers, gloves, etc.) was given nothing. me. The old saying, "Things get worse before they get better," certainly was true in my case. A man came out of the tunnel and stood there staring at me. He then gave me a margarine tin which was to fill with wet mud. was about tofijl it when he grabbed the tin from my hand jumped on a truck, scooped up some mud and said sarcastically "Thanks very much" He then gruffly asked my name and ordered me to help a man piling lumber. A few men around began snickering. Someone informed me he was I aged me. I I I As stood watching my partner, I a man came over to me and ordered me to do a certain job. Upon receiving a blank look, because of his use of construction work jargon, he reacted by ranting and raving about,"what the hell was the world coming to" He proc eeded to tell me in a dictatorial fashion on what to do and left me there, not even consider ing if understood him. This did not bother me; it was the fact that still didn't was hired. Amidst know whether all the confusion, managed to do the job under the stares and snickers of fellow workers?? I I I I I the foreman. My eyes were filling with tears the urine was turning to ice, and certainly did not need this obnoxious foreman (maybe they're all like that) trying to intimidate me. What angered me even more, was he was succeeding as the superintendent had. I I I I I I I At noon asked the superintendent if he'd heard from the union and about washroom facilities. Again he avoided the situation by saying the union hadn't called, adding that the secretary's washroom was off limits to me as it was private property. felt for some obscure reason she did not want me using her washroom. The superintendent generously ?? offered me his trailer to eat my lunch because was off limits to the men's change(lunch) room. His reason being the men may come in and take their clothes off (at lunch time ??,"d1PA for??) It seemed was off lirits' to everything. I was greeted by two men who introduced themselves and seemed not in the least perturbed by my presence. Throughout the whole day my partner was the only man who was considerate to me. He didn't waste any time explaining the procedure and respected him for that. The work itself did not seem difficult, but the weather certainly aggrav ated the situation. The prospect of lunch andcoffee breaks was very appealing. At ten went back to the superintendent's office to find that he had gone somewhere. After standing in the I I I I I cold for about another hour, felt defeated. No one had informed me to start working, or where the bathroom was, etc. How was to learn the ropes, or meet the men or even talk to someone?? Does this happen to new men on the job? I'm sure it does to some degree, but at least they have something in common- they're all men. I I When could went back to ask where go to the washroom. The superintendent, with no news from the union, instructed a man to take me to the secretary's office. I I returned to the site, was greeted by my partner who was eating his lunch while working. He informed me that we were not to take lunch or cofee I I breaks. The rt.tri had decided to work right through. Does this PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy I I At quitting time, went to pick up my lunch bucket in the superintendent's trailer and inquired what would be done about facilities tomorrow. He said he was calling the union in the morning about that situation. How long would this go on?? If he thought that these problems were discouraging me, and would not come back, he succeeded Perhaps this situation may seem petty to some,but certainly didn't feelthat way by the end of the day. I I I 041% et 13 Feeling defeated,discouraged and of CVISION PDFCompressor �exhausted, walked four blocks to the bus among cars of fellow workers (HA) No one offered me a ride even though some were going in the same direction. don't know why, after being alienated by them all day, expected an offer for a ride home. Arriving home in tears, had to make a decision whether to return for another day of humiliation. decided not to. I I I I I Perhaps some people feel didn't give the job a fair chance. wonder if the situation would have been better or worse if had gone back. really think it would not have changed, Putting in a washroom might cost a billion dollar company a few dollars, a week and that would definately not be appreciated. had given the job a felt damn good try and had done the could. It was under these best have just excircumstances couldn't return. pressed that Any woman interested in working on construction should try,and hope they do not become as dishave. Perhaps illusioned as will be willing to.try again; knowing now what to expect,I hope to succeed. I I I I I PEOPLE WHO DIU THIS ISSUE: GERT, DOREEN, EVE, WENDY,PAULAH, NOREEN,LESTER, LEONA, MARG. I I I *V*##V-V-V*V-VV4-VVVV-44-T4P-4-V I A WOMAN THINKS I I I began questioning my strength as a woman. Why had let these men intimidate me to the point of quitting a job knew could have done, if it had not been for them?? Although knew it would be difficult, really did not expect it to be like that. I I I I I I Because of the pressures put on me by other people, experienced feelings of guilt when had made my decision not to return. Being one of the first women in the union, had .I spoiled it for other women??1he position had taken with this company was not one of representing all women who.plan to make a career of conslructia6 work. nyself a very aggressive woman, and not easily intimidated by I I I men, realized I'm not as aggressive as thought. With other women on the job, we would have had the strength to combat the blatant chauvanism that prevailed. Unfortunately, was sent alone, and couldn't fight them myself. I I I I Losing my feelings of guilt and frustratration, was asked by the union if cared to return to the job. Maybe the company was feeling a bit guilty, because even though it sounds incredible, they wanted to give me another chance. Me, a woman. Would they have done the same for a man?? Did they not consider my pride(or what was left of it after the ordeal lad been put through??) Would the men not resent me even more because got this second I I I I :hance? Mine is a northern mind,it knows about endurance and survival and it knows about the gut strength that can live in the laughter that sees the ridiculous even in itself,Whether it lays easy in the sun or rushes about in some public cause,this mind of mine has done it's own thinking. One of the things it has thought a lot about is the folly of fragmentation,that human dimension to wall ourselves off in specialized units and pin badges on ourselves.We are moose and elk and beaver.We are institute and aide and auxilliary.We are catholic.methodist and penticostal.We are native and ethnic and wasp and franco phone.I could go on and on but when separate the wheat from the chaff find it increasingly easy to see us as we are,fueled by the same energies, driven by the same desires,moved by the same instincts,reaching out or turning in,hungry for love and approbation, victim and prey and always vulnerable as the pawns and pets of a. 0 0 N -- 0 V) Cu B n07(1) . I Co:0 I -0 fortune. rt This mind of mine knows the snow that sifts through ill-fitting windows in a primative setting,remembers the cold holes in a rural outhouse,waited for the hunter to return with the kill and cared for a sick child in utter isolation.I am native to my bones,the same desire to protect the forest,the stream and the simple life,the same amusement at mans committment to the ant. This mind has memorized the face of poverty,the dogged making do of the bare cupboard,the making over, the cutting down the patching up,the pride that will not ask or bend to receive.lf have escaped the cage have not removed myself from the family. This mind has been present at both bii-th and death and knows that joy and despair attends them both according to circumstance,in hospital or in a home for the aged it has seen that priveledge and power count for nothing,only the pain is relevant.Whether it is physical or mental or emotional it is real and devastating,responding in every case to the hand that cares,the heart that understands. This northern climate calls for accentuated thought,day breaks,night falls ,summers burst and winter attacks,the early settlers clung to-gether for warmth and support,they were not ashamed to say they needed each other.We who are caught in an industrialized society are as free wheeling as the exhaust it creates, without personal committment we are without substance. No-where is this lack of cohesion as critical as between women,this failure to see themselves as part of a whole,this great temptation to imagine we are more or less than we are. Does it need to be said that a rape charge should send us to the court in droves to say by our very presence that who degrades this victim offends every one of us,does it need to be said that the wife who is physically abused deserves the common defence of us all,does it need to be said the battered child is our business.Does it need terte said that part of us went out on a picket line last year,their cause was just,in failing them we were false to our selves. yes sadly enough it needs to be Said till we realize how intertwined our lives and our common goals are. I I Geo I% 0 MUST BE A MUSHROOM; BECAUSE EVERYONE KEEPS ME IN THE DARK AND FEEDS ME BULLSHIT i. c-, o0 v, rn rn tn > D H O 70 m rrn >z c-) > -I 3 m -I -rl c z O z -I Co 77 - r--I -< m cm (-) 7700 M cp c-) m co -0 0 MM 41 I . . PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �DON'T COMPROMISE ORGA NI ZE REPORT FROM JEAN HOLYK DELEGATE TO THE SEMINAR OF WOMEN FROM CANADIAN MINORITIES AND CULTURAL GROUPS WHICH WAS SPONSORED BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE "WOMEN'S" PROGRAMS" held on Sept. 8, 9, and 10th, in Ottawa. There were 24 participants from different sectors of Canada - Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, Quebec, Sask., Man., Ont%, B.C. and Alberta. Unfortunately, we participants did not receive a brochure of the agenda before the seminar. received mine on arrival back It poses a question of just home. how sincere our Government has been in helping Women achieve their rights and aims in this year of International Women. The seminar had 5 workshops: Visible minority Women. 1. Women in fam)lies. 2. The working Woman. 3. Services to Immigrant Women. 4. The women in black, dealing 5. with stereotypes. The study involved 5 stages: assessment of present sitA. I uation. B. identification of changes C. needed. Identification of barriers to change. Problem Solving (overcoming barriers). Formulating Strategies and E. proposals. There were at least five women in the working Woman's workshop I'd like took part. in which belong to to point out that Service E. Union and also to the Association of United Ukrainians, Canada, but the other women worked in positions of Social Work and Government employees. This posed a question at Are working women least to me. having the opportunity to participate and voice their opinions and to change their status in This was the working force. one problem presented in the working women's workshop. A Montreal delegate working with immigrants spoke on immigrant women on temporary visas who were brought to the country to work in factories, restaurants, agriculture, etc. They are being incredibly ex-. ploitedby the owners because of language difficulties, therefore not knowing their rights. They also work in jobs where there are no unions. Some average only 60 an hour at Panels recommended piece work. that minimum wage per hour be Note, paid to piece workers. these immigrant and minority work. ers are threated with deportation! Day Care was another important need for immigrant and minority and other working women. This need of subsidized day care was brought up in all workshops. Questions are now around the controls of government spending introduced in December, cutting back on monies for day care. This again questions the sincerity of the government in helping women enter the labour force. We women in Thunder Bay must continue the struggle with other like minded people across this country after the IWY has ended. We must strive to educate and organize men and women in our respective clubs, organizations, associations, and especially unions, and we must strive especially to help the unorganized The domestic, restaurant, worker. hotel, motel, baby sitting services which need better conditions and a decent work wage. We must pressure governments to change their bureaucratic ways to move us in the direction of Justice, Peace, and Freedom recognizing economic freedom as the basis for all three. We must actively work for a change in Government if the present Government fails to meet our expectations. The solution is as above, - Organization, Education and Solidarity. D. I I Jean Holyk is a member of the United UKR Canadians, A.U.U.C., a representative on the NorthWestern I.W.Y. council, a member of the Service Employees Union 268, a hospital worker with four childShe particpates in the ren. A.U.U.C. mandolin orchestra and She is also singing ensemble. treasurer of the Thunder Bay Peace Council. "Lady Dentist" In the past few years the number of women practising dentistry in Manitoba has more than doubled - from two to Most of these women are graduate; fivel of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Manitoba where the number of female students has increased from How has five to twenty since 1970. society and the profession reacted? Female dental students encounter many I can only relate different attitudes. Going to univermy own experiences. sity had always been an ambition for me But I was a very serious teenager; I couldn't afford a B.A. or B.Sc. with no job afterwards. So I decided to be This silenced the people a dentist. who always expected me to be a teacher or home economist. My pre-dentistry science year was a joy - lots of freedom - new people to meet - new Dentistry was a things to learn. shock - as late as 1970 the dental student was a 23-year old male with top-of-the-ear length hair, a tie, and a sports jacket or white lab coat. Many of my colleagues in first year had at least one 'friend' who hadn't been accepted into dentistry. They felt that I had taken the place of this After all, I was serious student. probably not going to 'stick it' for four years of school. Even if I did, it was unlikely that I would practise It was for more than a few years. unfortunate that society should pay for my four years in school when a man could have had this. It took two years of working along side these men to get them to accept me - a serious student who could really do the work. By third year I had become 'one of the guys' and was roundly praised as like a man. As a dentist I find that many of my colleagues are jealous of me. They feel that I have no responsibilities for family (which is true) and, once I find out how rough practise is, Even if I do marry and I'll quit. continue to practise, I'll never have If I ever do to support a family. support a family, I must have done something wrong or stupid to get myself into such a position. As far as my patients are concerned, there has been little or no problem. Apparently to the general public I'm sure a dentist is a dentist. there are exceptions to this but I have not met them in two years of Generally, people private practise. express surprise and friendly interest. Undoubtedly the attitude of the dental school is changing and will continue to change as mcre and more girls study The attitudes of the professior there. can only change as more and more of us live and work within the community. As with all the battles we wage for sexual equality, patience and persistat work. Elizabeth Birks (D.M.I rr o. our ccifo% policy ladies I / 44ps/- * The article entitled Lady Dentist by Elizabeth Birks(D.M.D.) is taken from,HER_SELF a news-letter of the YWCA Womans Centre,Winnipeg PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �CRISIS HOUSING REPORT February 24, 1976, the Crisis Housing Committee met with Ed Zappier, the coordinator of the three Tarbutt Street residences. The meeting was organized by our committee amid rumour and speculation that Crisis Housing may be terminated because of social services cut backs. As we sat around the table informally with Mr. Zappier we discussed our concerns with policy as it exists in comparison to our original proposal. Mr. Zappier, well meaning but inexperienced, dealt with our inquiries as best he could considering he was ill-at-ease and obviously hesitant in answering terHe admitted tian questions. being unprepared but as far as we could ascertain he hesitated without the blessings of his supervisors. At times he appeared extremely uncomfortable and unaware. Mr. Zappier admitted that because of the social services cut-backs Crisis Housing's existence was threatened to the extent that it would have to be utilized in a different way. The city decided the Coach House (a city operated residence accomodating ten to twelve single troubled young women) which may close, would be incorporated with Negotiations Crisis Housing. to obtain a fourth house beside the Tarbutt Street This homes is in progress. house is owned by the city but rented to a government It was noted by agency. the committee that problems may arise because of this situation, i.e., overcrowding, priorities given to the single women and disharmony between troubled single women and women in crisis who have children. POLICY OF CRISIS HOUSING In practice Crisis Housing is a 24 hr. service (phone number 623-2711 ext. 430) with emphasis on local families. Transient families are sent to the Salvation Army or put up in substandard hotels. Single persons (without children) are not allowed the use of Crisis Housing but they are given consideration by Mr. Zappier and his supervisor, Betty Chalmers. Mr. Zappier expressed that the majority of women who utilize CrisiHousing are already separated or divorced and the minority are beaten and It was pointed abused women. out by one of our members that this report of minimal usage by abused women was contrary to experiences of Transition houses in other cities. Why is Thunder Bay so unique? According to by DOREEN WINKO AND EVE PYKERMAN its Vkowse- AtoAse, 411, documentation by the Northern Women's Centre and Community Action Centre (Human and Welfare Rights) many calls were received from beaten Is it perhaps that women. Crisis Housing has not been advertised sufficiently and are dependent on agencies to refer people to the homes. What does a woman threatened by a husband do in the middle of the night when she is not aware of an existing Crisis Mr. Zappier emphasized House? that they do not encourage women to leave their husbands or discourage for that matter but they stress the use of Crisis Housing as the very the lack of day-care facilities. There is no childcare provisions so that the mother or father is free to seek actomodations, employment or attend appointments. There is no opportunity for parents to escape from the responsibi ity of children for even a short while. Even if an outle was available, a 10:00 o'clock weekdays and 11:00 p.m. (Fridays) curfew is imposed. Also transportation for the children to attend their school is not provided causing a further disruption from the prior pattern of their lives. There is no follow-up of women after leaving the homes which according to Mr. Zappier is often the next day. What happens to these women after they leave? Where do they go? There are no recreational outlets; the basements are too cold and damp to be used for these purposes in the winter months. A ROOM OF ONE'S OWN??? We were taken on a tour of the homes, aware that the homes were occupied at that moment andfelt that we had intruded on the residents' last resort. privacy. According to Mr. Zappier 28 families (80 people) have used Crisis Housing since its opening in October. The fluctuation of families was termed "feast or famine". had Most of these been referred by other agenPeople are asked to cies. contribute to their stay in Crisis Housing if they are able to afford it. Mr. Zappier is considered director and counsellor but it appears that his main task is seeking alternative accomodations for clients. Because of the housing shortage in Thunder Bay, Mr. Zappier's time is probably consumed by Additionally this problem. Mr. Zappier's endeavours are divided between the welfare office and the Crisis homes. Therefore we feel the priority of counselling might be House mothers neglected. do not counsel according to the director but are available to talk to the residents. Their exact duties were not accounted for. The rooms were spacious but furnished sparsely, often with only one or two single Every room, including beds. kitchens in the two homes used for residents, had beds. There were no curtains, the roll-down blinds were often torn and there was no other furniture, except for The only decoration beds. on the wails were typewritten sheets spelling out rules that were placed next to Pictures light switches. were non-existent. One note, signed by Mr. Zappier that caught our attention was in the dining This is not a meeting area. place, it is an eating place:! Temphasis ours). This generally established the atmosphere of the homes. PROBLEMS Welfare assistance is not given to persons until they have acquired accomodations outside Crisis Housing. This created financial burdens whereby they must depend on other resources, i.e., Family Allowances, donations from family members or Provincial Welfare (if they're Those who have lucky). little or no savings have nothing for extras (cigarettes, toiletries, entertainment) that should be available to any person. Another problem area is 16compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of PDF SUMMARY: The general feeling shared by committee members was one of disillusionment and We did not regard depression. the homes as a supportive and congenial place and definitely lacking a homelike We found the home atmosphere. restricting and not conducive to emotional growth. Following are some comments made by Crisis Committee members: "Depressing..." "I'm sure glad our money was not invested..." "Isolated and treated like children..." "Certainly does not promote independence..." "We didn't have anything before but..." Further follow-up and action will be taken by the Crisis Housing Committee and shall be reported in CVISION PDFCompressor The Northern Woman. �THE NORTHERN WOMAN 316 Bay St. Thunder Bay, "P" Ontario. return postage guaranteed RETURN TO: Poet Postes Canada P tape oa, Pr, Dave Bulk En hombre *Canada third troisieme class classe 220 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 Rape Family Property Law Where Do We Go Berlin Conference N.W.O.I.W.D.C.0 Blue Collar Blues Don't Compr6mise Crisis Housing 4 10 12 14 Donna Shaw 627 S.High Street 15 Thunder Bay P,Ontario. 17 18 CZ3YOUR SUBSCRIPTION IS DUE CI THIS IS YOUR LAST COPY PLEASE SUPPORT US! #30z2, o 532 acb'lif. 4C; #04,7 Nso% cA§) 24f]v 4Ngv d ate' (six ISSuS) *3 93 2 YEAR sIQ BUSINESS OR TNST t TLITION Cfr7 4;=7 NAME GIFT ADDRESS 001.1AT-101\J 5 C.; CZ. EAT FU LLy' ACCEPTED WANT 70 GET A/Vol_ VED CALL 345.5241 ANY WED. oR SUN. ilFTR I:30 1 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 2 No 5 Description An account of the resource Vol. 2, No. 5 (1976) Title: Northern Woman: Women’s New Regional Journal Topics include: Rape legislation Editorial policy Poetry Family property law Rape crisis centre Letters to the editor Lesbian experience International Women’s Year news Rape study (University of Guelph) Art Where do we go from here conference (Confederation College) Equal pay for equal work Native women Government cutbacks to social services Women in distress Solidarity among women Feminist work at home World Conference for International Women’s Year Berlin Miss Canada Pageant Beauty contest critique Northwestern Ontario Women’s Decade Co-ordinating Council update Blue collar work Seminar of women from Canadian minorities and cultural groups Female dentist practices & students Crisis housing report Authors/Contributors: Gert Beadle Noreen Lavoie Barbara Coom Joan Packota Mallory Nueman Betty Dondertman Bonnie Hill Leslie Silver Estelle Freidlander Sally Cozens Eve Pykerman Elizabeth Birks Doreen Winko Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission Language A language of the resource English https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2743/1976_Vol_2_No._6_CV01.pdf d30fab72b0eeb57336a092c557cbc99e PDF Text Text PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL 4- We are in this movement because we ourselves that we begin the work of are feminists, women who can no longer destroying the patriarchy." tolerate our oppression and who work to (Karen Lindsey, Boston Phoenix). We are begin the creation of freedom. We must remember this if sistercreating a revolution that will We hood is ever to mean anything. transform ourselves and our world. have insisted on an autonomous women's However, we must avoid the attitude that movement because we believe that sexis we in the women's movement are someis the most fundamental oppression. how the vanguard, the However, enlightened, we have divisions because, women towomen experience sexism, it who will lead Canadian while all We struggle out of different ways, according to liberation. in vastly necessity, not becauseclass, we arerace, al- age, education, sexual truistic missionaries.orientation...We cannot gloss over the Moreover, if we struggle around divisions by invoking the notion of our true needs, then we avoid the trap "sisterhood" conquering all. Sisterof becoming martyrs for some abstract hood is our ideal, politically and "The but it means struggle and ultimately futile spiritually, idea. woman who sacrifices her needs for to reach it and maintain it. the sake of the movement It is is no imperative threat that we strengthen to anyone, except to herself and the the communication links and networks. movement. Men have always repected an other feedback on We must give each Antigone, adored a Joan Arc, and an of ongoing basis, and make it easier why not? Such heroines fordeviate new women to become involved sacrifice little from the norm: inthey the movement. themselves for a principle or a vision The Other Woman Credit to rather than a man, but as long as they are sacrificing themselves, mankind The woman who endangers the is safe. partriarchy is the woman whose love for others grows from her love for herself--whose personal and political alliances stem from identification, not altruism. It is only when we love l- : , s. OUR READERS f the collective, whose assion is to send you nal is dangerously close g over, so good has been The nSe to our efforts. takes and the time we so easily translated into of love when we begin to eciated. There is little nventional press that rectly to the cause of d, one must either do of great import or someerly outrageous to be the context of being newWe here at the journal aded that all across this th west, in public or n, history is being written our being here. When the mes s us to new dimensions e encouraged to think of we have played in the the vista's that beckon us ery uture, we get an entirely lpt of the power and that is ours simply by tive". being women. There are edea must know about each there is no segment of e, that is not made better owledge of what goes on in and minds of one another. ood and strong and vital one of us must be made Knowledge to all of us. cedemic sense can be as statistics but the heart, mom ; nds calls for more. And ay thank you for your 1 OREEN, GERT, MARG,LYNNE ITo Dr.Chacko who equates the undesirable WENDY,qualities SHARON, LESTER of a social worker by the degrees iti 1 IMINIII PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ACTIVITIES Indoor and outdoor play; art work and crafts; circle time; various trips, e.g., library, pet store, fire station and train and sleigh rides. DAY CARE LOCATION 1000 Huron Avenue (Vance Chapman School) THUNDER BAY CO-OPERATIVE NURSERY SCHOOL TELEPHONE For more information, call 345-8651 (School) or 68306722 (Registrar) PURPOSE For children, 3 to 4 years old, REGISTER- NOW FOR SEPTEMBER an opportunity for creative play and interaction with other NEWS RELEASE 1:8. SESSIONS A.M., 9:30 to 11:30 Tuesday to Friday P.M., 1:15 to 3:15, Tuesday to Friday DAY CARE IS "my first best friend" DAY CARE IS "a rocking boat, dry pants, and my thumb" DAY CARE IS "being captain of a ship for a day" DAY CARE IS "making pictures for our kitchen at home" DAY CARE IS "sand in my shoes" DAY CARE IS "helping make cookies" April 21st, 1976. children. SUPERVISION A qualified pre-school education teacher; parent participation (although not obligatory); students from Confederation College; maximum adult/child ration of WHAT IS DAY CARE? The Thunder Bay Co-operative Nursery School is now accepting registrations for September. Children, 3 to 4 years old, have an opportunity for creative play and interaction with other children Morning and afternoon classes are conducted at 1000 Hurone Ave. (Vance Chapman School). For more information call the Registrar at 683-6722. THUNDER BAY CO - OPERATIVE Nursery School 1000 Huron Ave. T. Bay, "P" DAY CARE IS "child-rearing support for the modern family" DAY CARE IS "a sub-community within our community - it's our kids' neighbourhood" DAY CARE IS "a service for the conscientious mother with a career" DAY CARE IS "a total growth environment for happy, healthy, normal kids". EPILEPSY THUNDER BAY EPILEPSY THUNDER BAY During the year 1975 a special committee was organized in Thunder Bay under the direction of Paulette Sitch whose goal was to work towards the establishment of an eqilepsy association in the Lakehead region. In October this group became known as Epilepsy Thunder Bay Steering Committee and in February of this year was officially recognized as Epilepsy Thunder Bay, a Chapter of the Ontario Epilepsy Association. Education of the general public is high on the list of priorities of Epilepsy Thunder Bay through dissemination of information with the main goal being the removal of the stigma currently attached to this disorder, thus creating an informed public who thoroughly underEducation stand epilepsy. together with understanding can help towards the achievement of that goal. With proper therapy, most epileptics can now live essenThe tially normal lives. most serious hazard of an epileptic disorder, in many instances, is not the seizures, per se, but the associated emotional disturbances which may develop in a youngster as the result of mismanagement at home, in the school, or in the community. TheChapter can be of great assistance by giving support and guidance to parents of epileptic children, the education of teachers and education of the general public. 200,000 Canadians are believed to have epilepsy. Prejudice is costly to society and wasteful in terms of human The old attitudes of fear and prejudice against people with epilepsy bars them from employment in many industries. It is estimated that one in four people whose condition is whole or partially controlled by medication is still not able to hold a job, just because he or she is epileptic. This costs the country millions of dollars a year in unemployment, welfare and lost productivity. Prejudice can be eliminated through education. Public attitudes are slowly changing about epilepsy as people learn more about it. But institutions and official policy makers are often more slow to change. Persons who wish to become involved with Epilepsy Thunder Bay can write to: Epilepsy Thunder Bay Post Office Box 481 Thunder Bay South or telephone 623-6764 or 623-2290. The Ontario Epilepsy Association's aims and objectives might be summed up as giving support and guidance to epileptics. This can be done in many ways--patient and public education, employer contact and education, information and referral services, parent groups, social groups and vocational assistance. Epilepsy in itself may not be tragic, but the superstitious fear and ignorance with which it is regarded by the general public is tragic. Vast advances have been made in the medical and neurological treatment of epilepsy, but limited social' or educational progress has been made in assisting persons with epilepsy to develop adequate personalities and self-confidence. The prime purpose of Epilepsy Thunder Bay is to combat the prejudice, fear and ignorance still associated with this affliction. Therefore, education of the general public is one of the most important functions of the Ontario Epilepsy Association. Epilepsy is not a disease. It is a sign or symptom, and it results from or is part of, an underlying neurological disorder. Seizures may occur at any age in both sexes, in any race, or in any individual. With proper therapy, most epileptics can now live essentially normal lives. The most serious hazard of an epileptic disorder, in many instances, is not the seizures, per se, but the associated emotional disturbances which may develop in a youngster as a result of mismanagement at home, in the school or in the community. The Chapter can be of great assistance by giving support and guidance to parents of epileptic children, the education of teachers and the education of the general public. Public attitudes are slowly changing about epilepsy as people learn more about it. It is the hope of the Ontario Epilepsy Association, now renamed Epilepsy Ontario, to create a public awareness that epilepsy is not a handicap, but, rather an inconvenience. , 3 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �FAMILY PROPERTY LAW (part two) FAMILY PROPERTY LAW Ownership of other property of this series dealt with home ownership of the matrimonial (the principal residence of the married couple) For other property,ownership once again is determined by WHO HOLDS TITLE AND WHO PAID FOR IT. Let us look at several ways that married couples manage the finances and purchase of property. Part 1 Sometimes the spouse will (1) purchase property such as a car, furnishings,boat, or cottage by making monthly payments and the title (ownership Papers) is placed in the purchasing spouses name.If on the other hand the other spouse assists with the payments on this property from their savings or earnings,this spouse must keep an accurate account of the amounts contributed and prove the money used was their own,i.e. cancelled cheques from their personal account or proof of payroll deduction,e If norecord is kept they will have a difficult time proving any claim to ownership of the property. Often when both spouses (2) are working the husbands money is used to purchase real property i.e. payments on the mortgage,purchase of stocks and bonds,a summer home or car. The wifes earnings are frequently used to purchase food and clothing,music lessons for the children, or decorating the home. In other words,her money does not purchase property.If the marriage ends the assets(property)belong to the husband.The wife has nothing to show for her financial contribution to the marriage. Under existing laws, a married women in Ontario is under no obligation to maitain herself or to contribute towards her own support,or to children. If she is a wage earner the woman can invest her money,purchase real estate or spend it without her husbands consent.It is the husbands duty to support his wife while the marriage lasts. (3) The married womans contribution to the marriage as a homemaker has not been recognized under the separation of property system.So long as property disputes between spouses are resolved on the basis of direct financial contribution to the purchase price,the wife who stays at home on either a full time or part time basis will be shortchanged because her role as homemaker has deprived her of the right to earn money and obtain property. BILL 75. 1.(3) (c). States EXCEPT AS AGREED BETWEEN THEM, WHERE A HUSBAND AND WIFE CONTRIBUTE WORK,MONEY, OR MONEY"S WORTH IN RESPECT OF THE AQUISITION,MANAGEMENT MAINTAINENCE,OPERATION OR IMPROV_ MENT OF PROPERTY IN WHICH THE OTHER HAS OR HAD A PROPERTY INTEREST,THE HUSBAND OR WIFE SHALL NOT BE DISENTITLED TO ANY RIGHT TO COMPENSATION OR OTHERINTEREST FLOWING FROM SUCH CONTRIBUTION BY REASON ONLY OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF HUSBAND AND WIFE OR THAT THE ACTS CONSTITUTING THE CONTRBUTION,ARE THOSE OF A REASONABLE SPOUSE OF THAT SEX IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES;. Hopefully this section of BILL 75 will get rid of of the worst features of the Murdoch case and others similiar to it,situations in which a wife was not allowed any share of the home,it's contents or a share of any other property because of her contribution as a homemaker.Under BILL 75,What will be the courts evaluation of a wife's contribution if she remains a homemaker who manages and maintains a home?. To benifit from this clause in BILL75 both spouses will need documentation for proof of contribution. (4) Equally controversial is the measure of a spouses contribution to a small business owned by the other " spouse, i.e. (a) The wife who keeps the books and does the billing for her husbands garage or repair shop. (b) The wife who works in the smal corner store receiving no salary. (c) The husband who does repairs or keeps books for a small busine his wife okinC. The wife who works in the fie (d) and barns of the family farm. Hopefully BILL751(3). (c) will grant recognition to this typ of contribution to the assets of a marriage. (5) If a wife is at home and the husband is the sole owner,saving's made by the wife from house-keepin allowances,property purchased with these savings,or investmentd made with them,belong to the husband, strict separation of property mean that increases, decreases,rents profits,etc are added to h the value of the property of the owner There are obvious inadequacie difficulties,and unfair rules in t present laws governing property re ions between husband and wife. Whi we work for reform of these laws,h can the purchase of property and owner-ship be shared by married i couples. (1) LEARN AND KNOW MORE ABOUT FAMILY PROPERTY LAWS AND MAKE THEM WORK FOR YOU AND YOUR PARTNERSHIP. (2) CONSIDER JOINT TENANCY AS A METHOD OF OWNING AND SHARING PROPERTY. IF BOTH SPOUSES WORK,CONSIDEP (3) THE CONTRIBUTION THAT BOTH SPOUSES CAN MAKE TOWARD THE PURCHASE OF PROPERTY. EVERYTHING NEEDN NOT BE JOINTLY OWNED BUT BOTH SPOUSES,ESPECIALLY THE WIFE SHOULD CONSIDER INVESTESTMENT OF EARNINGS IN REAL PROPERTY. (4$ AS WELL AS SHARING INTHE PURCHASE OF PROPERTY,THE SPOUSES SHOULD SHARE IN THE RESPONSIBI_ BILITYS OF PAYING FOR THE NECESSP ITEMS IN THEIR DAILY LIVES. (5) DO NOT BE COMPLAISANT WOMEN HAVE A RIGHT ANU A DUTY TO THEMSELVES AND THEIR FAMILIES TO KNOW THE LAWS,AND TO BE INTERESTED IN THE PURCHASING POWER OF THEIR EARNINGS(or) GIFTS OF MONE'i WITH REGARD TO INVESTMENT AND PROPERTY. JOAN PACKOTA the suort of her husband and UNIVERSITY WOMANS CLUB An invitation to accompany Lisa Bengsston our good rep. from Sect'y State, on a visit to Kenora gave me an opportunity to talk with the originators and staff of the Water St. Residence for The simplicity that chose Women. the name is reflected in the house itself and personified in the person of Bertha Williamson, the single staff member who runs it with gentle authority and considBertha is erable good humour. native and while the house is available to all races it is her own sisters she has the privilege of serving most of the time. Formerly a hospital it provides accomodation for a maximum of 10 women whose admittance requirement is that she be referred from the treatment centre. The length of stay is flexible as Bertha explained, they stay till The the problem resolves itself. close community nature of the native family makes it easy to follow up their progress after The house itself is cheery and well kept. A sewing room is in the making; a piano is in the living room; an accessable kitchen. The women in the house were busily engaged in housekeeping duties and had the feeling from the woman who was ironing, that she was doing it for everybody, so great was the air of co-operation. "I don't do anything", Bertha told us, just talk and listen. The women do their own marketing, cooking, cleaning, laundry. A resident that upgraded her education from grade four to the place where she could qualify for training as a day care staff person, was cited as a success story. Some women do day work to help with their costs to the house. There is no staff at night. Bertha does not believe in people being hired to watch people. That is nonsense she says. Under a simple and civilized set of rules very few people will take advantages. That is a piece of wisdom that seems to have escaped my own race I'm sorry to say. I I enny :ra ey a member on th board of the Friendship Centre al ong with Kitty Iverson and Bertha Williamson conceived and brought the house into being. It is supported by funding from the Presby terian Church, subsidized by a p diem rate of $8.00 a day from Ont Social Services and a comfort all ante. Under this arrangement the future looks secure. find it very appealing that a church shou guarantee this security and do it without any manipulative strings attached. My congratulations to them for living the life--and my congratulations also to the residents of the house itself, who seem to have grasped a simple reality that while a problem exists the responsibilities of living col tinues and manifests itself in as simple a thing as keeping your surroundings and yourself as intact as possible. To do it in a sharing way makes it all the more appealing. Bertha has promised tc keep in touch through THE NORTHERN WOMAN. I continuel page 5 leaving PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �la suirmaymnrussiontammuitimmtmow I MEOW R111111WNIMINNIMME111.- SISTERS FROM WOMEN'S PROGRAMMES EXCLUDED by Noreen Lavoie As part of IWY the Women's Programme of the Dept. of the Secretary of State sponsored a series of 12 seminars entitled Interchange 75...A Forum For Action on Women's The last of these 12 semIssues. inars Women and Alternatives, held Dec. 2-5, 1975, saw about 35 participating women from all across was the delegate from Canada. Thunder Bay. These women were chosen, for the most part, with the exception of a few selected by the members of their groups, by the Secretary of State, because of their participation in women's legal aid clinics, health collectives/self-help clinics, women's centres, alternative media groups, transition houses, feminist therapy groups, lesbian fem., We were desinist collectives etc. as "grass roots feminists". cribed There was a feeling of discomfort and suspician almost from the No one beginning of this seminar. seemed to know why specifically they were chosen, or why they were there There was no material sent at all. prior, so that the delegate could discuss with their collectives the priorities of their particular groups or the purpose of the seminar. On arrival Mon. night each delegate was assigned a large room with 2 double beds. The implication was that the government did not want to encourage lesbianism by billetting two women together.. A silly and presumptious reason and a waste of I money. Tuesday morning we started off The structwith a plenary session. ure table arrangement, microphones, interpreters and the large number of women from women's programme had an intimidating effect on many of us, particularity those who had never spoken into a mike before or spoken It was in front of a large group. also strange to hear a male voice interpreting the words of a French speaking woman. A list of the delegates names and room numbers were requested as well as the per diem cheques for These were promised but meals. those with no money found it necessary to eat in the hotel dining room as the cheques never arrived till Thur., and the feelings of isolation persisted after leaving the plenary sessions or workshops as no list of names and room numbers materialized either. Tuesday after the short plenary session we were asked to read the Stimulus Paper and other material that was distributed (in our isolpersonally found ated rooms). the Stimulus paper heavy reading although assumptions about the women's movement (there is a recession and we are treading water--we are burned out feminists) bounced off the page at me. This was a liberal government's analysis of could not the movement, which agree with. Wednesday morning the workshops This first workshop is began. vague now, except for the feeling that nothing concrete happened and there was not a free flow of constill versation happening, and I I did'nt understand the reasons for this seminar or what we were supposed to accomplish at it. Workshops in the afternoon also produced little in the way of productivity and there was a noticible strain on the leaders to keep us on topic, i.e. what has the women's movement done; what problems could be encountered to create alternatives in this society; effective ways to produce more satisfying solutions regarding women's issues; what would the long term implications of these changes be. Wednesday evening saw the coming together of a small group of women who sat up till after 2:a.m. analysing and trying to justify the feelings of paranoia that seemed to pre vail on a wide scale. It was sensed and feared that we were there for an overall purpose, which we did'nt understand. JUSTIFYING OUR PARANOIA Comments on the process of analysis were taken by one of the women in the group at this meeting, and from these notes are some of their conclusions.r--we as grass roots feminists were seen as possible agents of social change-- information gleaned from us, i.e. experience, practice theory, values, could be used in a manner women from women's programme understand---this information would not stay at the level of women's programme (bottom level of Secretary of State) but go to a higher level---we agree this is not good, as women's programme have no power and those that possibly want power over us already have the most economic power---women in women programme are employees of the system that continues to oppress us---this seminar could be to design a modified form of social control using what we're giving them to diffuse us---delegates were chosen because of their political naivite---we were being led to see the trees and not the forest---Dept. of Women's Affairs may be implemented such as the Dept. of Indian Affairs which would isolate women's issues and be implemented by the heirarchy-this seminar is really a public hea'ring, but at the personal, not political level to make it invisible. Conclusions This is not the government of the people, even though it may have been the genuine feeling of women in the programm---women in women's programme now, are not necessarily going to be there next year---we are not going to isolate the variables that made us radicals- we are not making recommendations or telling them our processes in order to stop other women before they get to this stage---we were being cointo leadership positions to opted give the system we're fighting ammunition---this disallows us to identify the government as the enemy- women in women's programme may not even know where the reports are going and this is why we must exclude them---in no way were we faulting women from women's programme. WAS THE GOVERNMENT PAYING FOR US TO PLAN THE REVOLUTION?? NO IT WAS TO LEARN OUR PROCESSESS Thursday morning instead of going directly into workshops as scheduled, a plenary was called and women from the Tate nibbt meeting put forth their conclusions about the seminar. Nervous energy was high but guilt at rejection of our sisters from Women's Programme had not quite reared it's ugly head. Although they were assurred there was no hostility towards them, they were naturally defensive. THERE WAS UNANIMITY AMONG THE DELEGATES THEY SHOULD LEAVE. THEY LEFT. The interpreters left. We moved to the floor and formed a large circle. The Francophone women were very able to communicate in English. The remaining time was spent in analysing and justifying what we had done, whether it was a democratic decision or whether a certain few had a strong influence on the decision to exclude the women from the remaining part of the seminar. Emotions really fan high and guilt and searching for a scapegoat continued till late Fri. afternoon. Some women had planes to catch and some women could just not take any more of the emotional strain. Whether we were right or wrong in our feelings of paranoia about the motivitations of the government in sponsoring the Women And Alternatives Seminar and the fact that no resolutions came about, as did from all eleven previous seminars, this was a valuable experience for all of us involved. One woman stated she felt she had lost her political virginity, and I'm sure she spoke for many of us. Now, six months after this seminar, still feel good about what happened. For some of us we felt power for the first time. Personally grew a little and learned a lot from the women who participated in "the secret meeting". The women's movement reluctant to model themselves along the lines of the male pyramid structure, nevertheless needs leaders who have analytical minds and can share with those of us that don't. The radicalization of many of the delegates in itself justifies what happened at this seminar. As for what we did by excluding our feminist sisters fovm women's programme, we can be assured they understood why this had to be because they are firstly feminists and secondly employees of the government. I I KENO RA cc) ti gir A visit to the native women's office was icing on the cake. Lisa is helping them plan a conference. Nancy Morrison and Peggy Copenease seem to operate in a hive of activities. Only the truly committed could spend the energy one sees around them. It seems fairly certain a rep. from this group will take a place on the Northwestern Decade for progress Council now operating out of Thunder Bay. Our family of Northern women increases as we support and sustain each other. Over the raucous voice of Eleanor Jacobson, the native women of Kenora, care and share and struggle together, bringing honour to us all. I PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �HERE AND THERE 40, ,m same WOMEN'S CENTRE IS NOW d "Feelings" The following is written by a young ' NORTHERN INCORPORATEDY to her social workers t t convey some of Since Jan. 1976, The Northern what it means to I Women's Centre has been incorporated elp from the system. as a non-profit charitable organizati GS The centre is incorportated under the Iname NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO WOMEN'S CEN elings of despair, being no good, are e prejudiced attity the public in here are beautiful ming into the Social e most part, they are s friends. Occasionncounters the Their attitude ". ity and an atmosphere ust is created; thus he way of helping Soical workers shed. be able to relate, ct with their are so heavy, so the is impossible when has a hell of a time epeople. being unsatisfactory The rules in that geographically governing the procedu ue. ass for both sides. the in became ion was incorporated placed on could be named as a es and background, wishes to thank Mary Tomlinson whose The centre a will. ocial pressures, Ilegal assistance was invaluable. king a giant step The centre will continue to function people help themHowever, unstructured as possible. Iit was necessary to appoint (they volunteered) ten women to sit as If you are on tF Board of Directors. IBoard of Directors and wish to be replaced please notify the centre. THE FIRST ANNUAL MEETING WILL BE HELE ION SEPTEMBER 16th, 1976. ALL WOMEN ARE WELCOME. There will be elections to replace any vacancies on the boarc !ALL WOMEN CREDIT UNION A POSSIBILITY The BAY Northern Women's Centre has hi THUNDER Laurie Hill, with funding from the Secretary of State, to investigate 1 lithe feasibility of a Credit Union foi Iwomen in Thunder Bay. The Metro Toronto Women's Credit Union has beer m in operation for some months now and Ihas set a precedent in Ontario, in having women considered a community, which will make it easier for other Iwomen's credit unions to obtain a On June 24 at 8 p.m. at the charter. centre, 120 W. Amelia, a meeting wil just 9 - 5. Laurie will be prepared at kers to lighten I be held. time to share all the information shl If you are has obtained to date. incomes to curious, interested, or already ine in earnings If you are union, please attend. more incentive to work. enthusiastic about a women's credit . This will give IIn conclusion, let people help people I unable to attend, phone the centre I so that the people being helped feel than information. ` life is worth living, not just existing.' 'WOMEN'S CENTRE NOT BEING UTILIZED LS II MENNE MIME MIEN 1E1=1 f =MI room The Women's Centre welcomes small groups of women who wish to meet in Congratulations to:Colleen Izzerd,winner a quite comfortable atmosphere, of the hooked rug. perhaps to meet for consciousness raising, letter writing (lobbying) whatever. There are also a lot of trying to cope with depression. Son women have remarked that even coming to the general meetings has helped t e government's constraints to feel less alone with their problt We would like to see a grodp or groi. formed at which time you could talk al services, education, sociz! over your problems, with each other. Anonymity could be maintained. d public sector employment THE CENTRE'S HOURS ARE 10:00 a.m. tc 3:00 p.m. on Tuesdays and Fridays To inquire about using the only. centre for meeting phone 622-3989. For July and August only there will be no Thursdayevaluation general meeting, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked copy HAVE A GOOD SUMMER: senseless attack on health d that it be stopped by the of CVISION PDFCompressor �_ May 11, 1976. Dear People, : ' Dear Sisters, Just received Vol. 2, Issue 5, and found it most informative, particularly the articles on "Legal Sanction of Rape", "Where Do We Go?" and the "Crisis Housing Report". am enclosing $2. to replace that with which you reimbursed Ann Garret, agree with your since opinion that there are many issues on which we agree, and we should concentrate on these for the betterment of all, rather than get hung up on one contentious issue. Congratulations on the paper - a worthwhile effort indeed. -Patricia Baxter, T.Bay. p.s. The poems are a real "To my first love" bonus. was particularly meaningful for me. We would greatly appreciate it if you would place the following as an ad in your newsletter advertising The New School for Peace "Humanistic approach to the probliems of injustice, pollution, poverty, prejudice, resource depletion, revolution and war. Actualizes the values of compassion, equality, freedom and nonviolence. The New School, planned for Jule 31 - Aug. 13th on Grindstone Island near Ottawa. Cost for 2 weeks of an intense, enjoyable and challenging experience is $200, including all necessities. Apply now if interested by writing to Nancy Bayly, 562 Johnson St., Kingston, Ont. I ' I 1 ' 1 1 Thank you, Nancy Bayly. 99 Braemore Adus. Toronto 4, Ontario. May 31, 1976. 1 1 Dear Sisters: was thrilled to receive an issue (Vol. 2, No. 5) of the Northern Woman in the mail this morning. Enclosed is $3.00 for my subscription, to be mailed to the following address: I 14-2120 Ridge Rd. Victoria, B.C. I'm pleased to hear that the Victoria Women's Centre is receiving your publication. I'd like to offer a comment regarding editorial policy on "censorship" of material. noticed that Ann Garrett's letter against abortion was printed. Although ideally the news-journal should reflect many points of view on issues that affect women, you should be cautious of allowing the journal to be used by people who seek to destroy the foundations on which women's liberation lie. The right to secure birth control is such a foundation, and the Right-to-Life organization will use any means to prevent women from obtaining a measure of this right, which is the freedom to have an abortion. Although thought that your reply to the letter was great, hope that you I I I Dear "Northern Women" Enclosed is $3.00 for one years renewal of your paper. Thanking you for the effort alone that goes into it. May urge you to consider joining with the Congress of Canadian Women, helping to make it stronger, and encouraging all women who participate in an orgazation formed 25 years, devoted to Equality, Development and Peace. Now this Decade offers us tremendous challenges. A strong progressive CCW across our coup can do much to advance women an work for Peace. We need to give every possible support to our Native women. Do you have the book by Howard Adams--Prisoner of Grass, now number one in the Trent University Native Studies? This is excellent and important reading. Out of our 16 Universities, 14 are now having courses in Native Studies. We must help make these courses real. Best wishes to all the good Northern Women. Sincerely Nora Rodd Toronto I I / I Dear Sisters, In addition to giving me a Subscription, could you please send me the issue in which you included some material on Wages for Housework. It may have been issue 2 or 3. Thanks a lot. The paper looks really good. CLICK! October, 1970, walking down River Street in Winnipeg, with a dear friend, now dead, talking about the husband who divorced her, after more than 20 years, for a much younger woman. She said, "You know how much he hated the outdoors, - picnics, camping, roughing it. loved it, but we never did it. Guess he's got the right wife, now they spent all summer on a northern lake". Click! and at 5:30 p.m. outside a kitchen boutique on River Street became a feminist. So now I'm a G.D. Women's Libber, sometimes a "lesbian" or a "whore" or just "frustrated". Don't know if there are any labels left. But do know that there are identifiable Women's issues, beyond that believe fervently that all issues are women's issues. I'm still working for peace and universal "humanhood". I I I I Tery Padgham, Yellowknife, N.W.T. (reprinted from HER-SELF, Winnipeg YWCA) Best wishes, Francis Gregory. don't feel obliged to print "challenges" or simply material, the intention of which is to destroy the very basis of the freedom we seek to establish. hear that "Birthright", By the way, an anti-abortion counselling agency (whose source of funding is a well-kept secret) is establishing an office in Thunder Bay I this fall. also would like to say that found both Mallory's letter and Eve's offer deep article very touching. I I I empathy to Eve, and suggest that she send her article on her construction job experience to the Labourer's Union and let them deal with their disgusting behaviour at the next union meeting. Enough verbosity. Thanks, best wishes, and love: Georgina Garrett. found this while reading, and thought you might be interested in printing it: I Dear Sisters, Please find enclosed a cheque to cover a subscription to your publication for one year, plus a very small donation. This is the first issue of Northern Woman that I've had the pleasure to receive and read. am very impressed with the quality of the articles and great variety of topics covered in just this one issue. might add that was not so pleased with one article,("The Socialized Penis) ", but am keenly waiting for its continuation I I I In November, 1974, an arbitrator found that Bell had been discriminating against two of its female managerial personnel by paying them less than the men in their department with the same The women were awarded $2000. skills. Apparently, this decision in backpay. undercut Bell's personnel policy which functions on the premise that a woman goes not have to use her 'bratins to say "one moment please", and so Bell appealed the case. The judges agreed with Ma Bell and overturned the award, claiming that only the job performed, and not the skills and experience brought to the job, could be considered in determining whether there had been any discrimination. The tour's decision severely waters down the protection promised women in the federal government's Female Employees Equal Pay Act. (from This Magazine, No. 5 & 6, Vol. 9, Nov. - Dec. 1975.) I in your next issue to see how the author can redeem himself from his apparently chauvini-4-ir description. PI, up the good work. I'm sure it must be very difficult at times. -Brooke Carfagnini The Northern Woman Centre has received a grant from Sect, of State for student summer employment to research the possibility of forming the first womans Credit Union in the city. She will also assist in a health choice work-shop to be held at Confederation College this fall. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �POETRY I I I saw a women sleeping. In her sleep she dreamed LIFE stood before her,and held in each hand want a women's revolution like a lover. lust for it, I want so much this freedom, a gift In the one LOVE this end to stuggle and fears and lies we all exhale, that in the other FREEDOM and could die just I with the passionate uttering of that desire she said to the woman"CHOOSE! Just once in this my only lifetime to dance all alone and bare on a cliff under cypress trees And the yeoman waited long with no fear of where and she said FREEDOM! To even glimpse what will become, had I place my feet. I I might have been and never never not had to "waste my life" fighting for what my lack of freedom keeps me from glimpsing. And life said" Thou hast chose If thou had said LOVE well". Those who abhor violence refuse to admit they are already I would have given thee exneri9n-_ing it, committing it. what thou did ask for,and Those who lie in the arms of the "individual solution," would have gone from thee,and the "private odyssey," the "personal growth," returned no more to thee. are the most conformist of all, Now the day will come when because to admit suffering is to begin shall return,In that day the creation of freedom. bear both gifts in one hand. Those who fear dying refuse to admit they are already dead. Well, I am dying, suffocating from this hopelessness tonight, I I I I shz. heard the woman laugh in her sleep. Olive Schreiner from this dead weight of struggling with even those few men I love and care less about each day they kill me. mmiTHE FREE INORTH --Robin Morgan, from "Monster" She was Northern, /deep in her secret marrow the depth of rock and forest claimed her, here in its swollen rivers she heard the whisper of the dipping paddles where the loon was hiding. More than the North, .00000°./ she was the quiet pool unpolluted.... The free north virgin Yet in the wilderness she played as fawn to doe, a target for the hunter, a raw resource...Ripe for picking. The lust of progress felled her like a pine, stripped her Stole the treasure she was hiding Left her like an easy lay discarded She was Northern, her braids as sleek 14%.. as feathers on a crow and yet Her destiny was wed to sorrow. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �CUT BACKS FACTS ... FACTS ... FACTS ... FACTS "Everyone has a little bit of suffering to do." --Jean Luc Pepin Dec. 5, 1975. "Do not get discouraged if the consumer price index maintains a two-digit momentum for several months to come." --Beryl Plumptre, Oct. 11,1975 "Look lady, don't expect the price of a can to stay where it is because we've brought in a freeze." - -Pierre Trudeau, Oct. 10, 1075. GOVERNMENT CUTBACKS In October, Trudeau brought in a program of wage controls. He followed this in December with an announcement concerning government budget cutbacks. The main targets of the cutbacks are the people with the least power -- women, the elderly, and youth. CUT BACKSscuy "ticks salaries for a year (which they weren't planning to increase anyway), they increased their tax-free allowances as scheduled. II. Universities. The Henderson Committee has recommended: * A tuition increase of 65% over the next three years. The elimination of the grant The government also announced portion of the Government recently that they are spending Assistance Program, meaning $1 billion on 18 airplanes for students will be saddled with the Armed Forces, and increasing even huger debts when they Defense spending from $2.5 billion graduate. to $5 billion in the coming fiscal The University of Toronto year. has already attempted to cut back the Women's Studies PAID LABOUR FORCE Program without success, and will probably try again. With the cost of living increasing the way it is, more and more III. Other Social Services women are forced to take jobs outside their homes. Between The Ontario Government has: 1964 and 1974, the number of women in the Canadian labour Frozen force grew by 88.6%. 43.1% ofthe building of nursing and old age homes, meaning the women in the paid labour force more work for women looking are self-supporting. Despite after this massive increase in the the elderly in their own homes. proportion of woren in the paid * Frozen labour force, women remain in staff and service in hospitals the lowest paid jobs --"women's" in 1976, meaning more work for hospital workers, jobs. 70% of whom are women. In 1963, 61.8% of women in the Toronto, threatened paid labour force were In in Metro clerical cutbacks sales, and service. By 1973, in social services include: this percentage had increased * to 63.1. Family Allowance. For a saving of $221.3 million, the government is eliminating the 10.8% increase mothers were supposed to receive beginning January 1. This is the largest single saving in the government cutbacks program. * UIC. Claimants with dependents who used to get 75% of their earnings have been cut to 66 2/3%. People over 65 years of age are no longer eligible, at a loss of $120 million to those claimants. * OFY eliminated. A saving of $3; million and 35,000 more youth without a wage this summer. CYC eliminated. A saving of $6.1 million and 450 community workers wageless. LIP cutback by $35 million and 80,000 more people unemployed. The Native Indian Brotherhood has calculated that the above cutbacks will mean a loss to native people across Canada of over $6Z million. These cuts come at a time when the national unemployment rate is 7.3% and over 10% of women and 13% of youth (14 - 24 years) are unemployed. However, the government is also "going after the rich". They have imposed a 10% surtax on those with incomes over $30,000. There is a debate going on in Parliament whether this means that a married man with two children making $35,000 will pay 19 or 35 more tax per weekl GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES At the same time as the governis saving money on women, old people, and youth, it is increasing expenditures elsewhere. While the MP's and Senators have frozen their ment *A 50% cut in shelter allowance And the difference between men'srecipients. for welfare and women's wages is increasing. The end to supplementary In 1971, the average man earnedto Family Benefits benefits 44/ more than the average and woman. Old Age Security recipients, By 1973, it was 45.1% which In for eyeglasses, more. paid Ontario in 1974, women dentures, waged hearing aids, etc. workers earned $1 billion less of staff and services *Reduction than if they were men. in old age homes. *Freeze on spending for POVERTY AND WOMEN visiting nurses and homemakers. Imposing poverty these All is of what which means MORE WORK FOR WOME cutbacks are all about, and a woman on her own is assured a place among the poorest! IF YOU PUT A MAN ON A PEDESTAL, 2/3 of all women below ageGETTING YOUR HEAD YOUthe RISK of 25 have annual incomes of KICKED OFF. less than $5,000. * 85% of single-parent families are mother-led. "In this struggle, we must accompli * Almost 50% of mother-led families nothing less than a wrenching adjus have an income of less $ expectations." ,000. ment than of our 23% of single father-led families --Pierre Trudeau, have less than $4,000. Oct. 13, 1975. * A male head of family hasgetting a "We are tired of always 9.3% chance of living below theourselves for somebody sacrificinn poverty line. A female else'shead goodofor profit. We want family has a 40.1% to chance. stop inflation where it hurts most -- in our pocketbooks. We CUTBACKS IN SOCIAL want SERVICES IN ONTARIO the increase in our Baby Bonus If you don't live and in Ontario, we want wages for all our work use these figures as model as awomen." to find out what's happening --Sallie Shum, in your area.) Dec.24, 1975. . I. . Daycare. From a letter to the Toronto The government cutbacks are forcing an Globe increasing and Mail. number of women out of their paid jobs and into total economic dependence on a man.WAGES HOUSEWORK COMMITTEE The FOR government has: 745 DANFORTH AVENUE, SUITE 301, TORONTO, ONTARIO. 466-7457. * Frozen any expansion in the Parry Sound, Ont. (FNS) number of daycare centres after March 31. A young native woman was raped * Threatened to double the subby sons of the Mason Lodge here. sidized fee from 251 to 50 daily. First, they pounded salt into Frozen the number of subsidher vagina, they then gangized children. banged her. Nothing was done * In effect reduced the operating after the incident since she budget of subsidized daycare is a native woman and the men centres by allowing only a were sons of Masonic Lodge mem 5.5% increase this year. bers. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �P,ROJECr Although many widows'Wdrkedwhile they were married, the vast majority, 70% preferred to stay home to look after their families. The impression given was that t5 ON WIDOWS The following article is a condensation of a research project done in the Kingston area on tl-e status and conditions of life of some widows in that city.- Funded by the Dept. of the Secretary of State at the request of Widows United, Kingston, Ontario. We feel it will be of interest to the general public since widowhood is universal and inevitable in many cases. The following then contains exerpts from the research papers and the entire subjective evaluation. This research consisted of 80 persons Anglo Saxon in origin, 70% of whom had resided in the area for a minimum of twenty years and of whom over 50% had been married for over 20 years. The average age was 53.4 years. Most of the subjects had been widowed for over 2 years making it difficult to examine closely the reactions to the severe grief which immediately follows the death of a loved one. Many of the widows could not remember and fully discuss this aspect because of the time lapse. The sample group was by no means random. Therefore, this report cannot reflect the total profile of widows and their problems, but there are significant trends seen in this group to support a meaningful examination of these subjects. Although most married couples assume that the husbands earned pension and life insurance together and would provide for the widow's livelihood in the event of death, only 51.3% of our sample were receiving a widow's pension from BREAKDOWN OF PROBLEM AREAS Loneliness and general isolation -53.7%. General adjustment problems -27.2%. Financial problems -19.1%. Advantages 72.r% saw no advantage in being a widow. The rest listed freedom, relief from worry over his illness, solitude, no need any longer to be servile, more mature and independent. ATTITUDES TOWARD WIDOWS BY COMMUNITY Over 80% of those widowed believed they were treated unfairly by the community, taken advantage of by car-repair people, house repair people, salesmen, men, lawyers and real-estate and bank personal, -in general, devalued and ignored while 13.8% saw themselves as well-treated and valued. It is interesting to note that few widows advocated more independence and responsibility in wives before widow-hood strikes, rather opting for more social security after the fact. Only three widows wanted more control in pension and life insurance decisions. Only one felt girls should get a good education and learn a trade. SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION Certainly not all widows have problems but many of the widows that their husbands' employment and only were interviewed seemed dissatisfied 21.3% were receiving a life insurance with their lives. The change from Canada Pension, designed to annuity. the status of wife to widow seemed supplement personal resources was being to present most of the problems. paid to 56.3% of the widows, but in Grief, of course, was very difficult some cases the widow commented that to live through, but the problems of the payment was less than ten dollars adjusting to be a single independent In 78.75% of the cases, a month. woman seemed to continue for years income had dropped. 57.1% had dropped and years. The strongest problem over 50 per cent. More than one-fifth area we discovered was an inability had to sell their homes and move to to make decisions and solve problems cheaper lodging. (a certain passive acceptance of things). Many widows would complain NEED FOR ADVICE AND HELP about certain issues and then would be totally unable to conceive changing A large portion of the group, 70% and solving them. For example, many needed advice after the death of their women were very lonely and wanted In order of priority, the husbands. companionship, yet would never think most needed was financial assistance. of meeting a new man, out of loyalty Understandably, many widows found it to the dead husband. Others would difficult to express trouble and grief complain of lack of money, or a need to strangers, and often to friends. for bigger pensions, but they would For this reason, they felt open to not explore possible avenues of If there only their closest family. retraining or employment. was no close family, these strong Some widows complained of nowhere feelings were repressed and controlled. to go for help and advice, yet when Many of them felt no one was really asked later about what social service They helpful to them at this time. agencies they would use if available, felt they presented a threat and they claimed that they wouldn't use embarrassment to others. any because they like to be independent A large majority of widows were upset REACTIONS TO THE DEATH by the attitudes society had towards them, yet when asked what changes Shock, relief that illness is over, they would like to see in the society sorrow, numbness, depression, confusion, only a small percentage mentioned a nervousness and mental problems, change of attitude. hysteria, loneliness, fright, resignation Our feelings are that many widows bitterness, surprise, helplessness, guilt, believe consciously or unconsciously disbelief. 13.8% rejoiced, were angry that their life is over, that there at husband for leaving her alone with is no point in actively changing kids, nothing, wound-up, haunted, anything. In fact, many widows tragic, supressed feelings, wanted never do make the adjustment to to go home, or had no answer. being single, independent women; 32% would consider re-marriage. they appear as wives who died with 67.5% would not for various reasons. their husbands. Such an inability Re-marriage is not commented on with to change and adapt is understandany enthusiasm and companionship was able with older women who become the only popular reason for consider in it. widows. housewife and mother in the home, They found value and worth in the domestic work that they did, and many felt most competent in perform Once the family ing such activity. disperses and the husband dies, a woman loses her role as housewife She is no longer value( and mother. for what she has done and been trail to do all her life. These skills are not easily marketable and the sense of value derived from this Now, the widr work soon disappears. must face a world of survival entirely foreign to what she has bec Though many women have used to. worked before widowhood, this work most often low paying and she has n( consistently pursued it all her life Also her age and sex may go against because many employers would be hesitant to hire an older woman who has had no consistent experience. Very frequently, the widow is left in a situation with which she She totally unprepared to cope. must survive in a working world she may be unused to, she must make financial and business decisions on her own, perhaps for the first t in her life, she must make new friends on her own and the midst of all this change, she must redefine herself from that of housewife to single woman. The role of housewife and mother an essential role, in this society, to the exclusion of all other livin skills, it can become a trap to the If the housewife has no widow. 'marketable skills, no financial or business knowledge, cannot make independent decisions; cannot survive in the male world, she is for the biggest cultural shock of i her life. As long as marriage remains an integral part of our society, there There are 2,92 shall be widowhood. widows in Kingston, 560 of them he Every woman who marri of families. must realize that she is a possible widow, and must prepare herself for that state realistically. The youn er a couple is, the easier it is fo them to recognize widowhood as a natural extension of wifehood. In our study, less than half of widows had discussed the possibility of widowhood at all with their husbands, and even for those who had made provisions for widowhood, their preparations were often less than The lack of involvement c adequate. the part of many of these women as wives in issues that directly determine their future living standard indicates either a complacent or a Perhaps some COUf passive attitude. still believe that the woman should shielded from complicated money matt even when they determine her future 1 security. So strong is our taboo against recognizing the effects of death in our midst, that many writers lump widows, divorcees, and single women together as one coherent group. But singleness is not the issue for widows; it is grief, and learning to cope alone with economic and emotional problems, exactly what she has been protected from all her married years. Our study shows that woman, who has seen her major functi as that of housewife, loses her love one, her job, her income, her social and sometimes her home. And she mus continued on pas PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �C RED IT $ COUNSELLING WANTED - MORE CREDIT COUNSELLING In a classic double-bind statement designed to hide the dismal truth about "easy credit", David Ogilvy, a British advertising executive once told an audience "Gentlemen the consumer is no moron, the consumer is your wife." Unchallenged the statement places the full burden of money mismanagement on the everyday housewife. The truth is more complicated than advertisers can afford to have us Credit Counselling shows that believe. the lure of easy credit is oblivious Men and women, we find, are to gender. equally vulnerable to subtle invitations for indulgence in a seductive market place. In addition to deliberate corporate consumer manipulation, credit or financial management difficulties may be caused by any number of reasons illness, employment difficultsuch as: ies, reduced income, and so on. Regardless of cause, the result of financial difficulties can be extremely hazardous to the victims well being, sometime jeopardizing employment, home life, and even health and mental stability. The Ontario government has shown some leadership in providing counselling for troubled debtors. Province subsidized programs are operating in a number of centres throughout the The debt counselling program province. operated by the Thunder Bay Family and Credit Counselling agency receives 60% provincial subsidy for operating The remainder, 400, is expenses. raised locally by donations from credit grantors, and through United The counselling service Way funding. is provided free of charge to all During 1975 the agency clients. assisted 229 clients with a variety of Services financial problems. included budgeting assistance, general financial advice, and proSimply stated, a pro-rate rate. service is an agreement arranged by the agency between the debtor and all creditors, which repays debts in significantly reduced monthly instalments. Though only a small number of individuals require debt-counselling services, the amounts involved can serve as a warning to those who may be on the verge of falling prey to easy credit. Total debts for 229 clients amounted to a staggering $1,218,019. (one million, two hundred and eighteen thousand, and nineteen dollars) owed Only 84 of the to 1445 creditors. 229 clients required pro-rate assistance. Pro-rate disbursements to the credit community (banks, credit unions, finance companies, stores), came to a sizeable $110,065. In human terms, the results of debt-counselling are extremely People, once at the mercy gratifying. of wage liens, legal threat, hassling telephone calls at home and at work, regained peace of mind and personal and family stability. Many families were spared the debilitating psychosocial symptoms of financial stress: divorce, desertion, depression and general dispair. informed future consumers. Lastly, Despite the proven effectiveness individual consumers have a responof credit counselling services, the sibility to become better informed program has not reached maximum about the many hidden issues related A significant effectiveness in Ontario. to consumer spending. part of the problem is that the province Ogilvy might not have been right, takes a miserly approach to the but how would we answer P.T. Barnum? development of needed social services. Provincial subsidy policy, for example, -Arend Visser. deliberately excludes funding for NmsoiroplI 4111141.1m. program advertising or community. promotion - the hassle tools of the market-place are not available for developing a well informed consumer! Imeet this trauma alone. 18.1 percent With over This point is important. found that no one was helpful, no 1.5 billion spent on advertising widows found social services to be annually in Canada (2% of our gross helpful, and children emerged as national product), the high risk the only significant helpful group and even ordinary consumer is subof all those that widows turned to. jetted to intense pressures - for many A good idea is an annual reassessit results in a wealth of vexing ing of the financial situation, problems including the ills of a adequacy of life insurance, wills, A current prayer,7 debt-life style. pension retirement plan and sur"Dear Lord, please give me the luxuries vivor benefits. Both partners should of life and I'll gladly forego the participate and understand all necessities, typifies the attitude aspects of future plans and present It makes the modern situation. of many customers. A good time for this producer King and Sovereign of all would be the couple's anniversary. human needs (real or conditioned This day can be a commitment that by advertising), and relegates the their love and concern for each average consumer to life-long other's welfare will extend beyond the widows cont'd serfdom. grave. Inequalities in the advertising equation reveal themselves in a steady avalanche of consumer complaints to the Federal Government's official listening post, Box 99, Ottawa. Here is a quick run-down on the type and number of complaints. -Food (2,180 complaints): quality, prices, and labelling. -Cars and accessories (2,133 complaints): quality, failure to receive goods, guarantees and warrantees, repairs and service. -Housing and real estate (1,800 complaints): quality, price, failure to receive goods or ser- Women must accept the fact that the security of a housewife is too often short-lived. Girls must secure adequat education and employment training so they can maintain the standard of living for themselves and their children if necessary. The original purpose of this report was to study the problems of widows in Kingston in order to make recommendations for changes in the community and in legislation. But through this study, we have discovered that only a minority of Kingston widows could propose positive changes in community and vice. legislation that they would use and -Prices (1,911 complaints) benefit from. We as researchers -Advertising (969 complaints). feel that we cannot rightfully tell widows what they need. In fact, Complaints cited indicate the the one recommendation we do make is tremendous impact of calculated that no one should tell widows what marketing strategies on the more or they need. Widows must explore and less unprotected consumer. The become aware of their own needs and modern market place has become a wants, then perhaps they will take initiative in solving their own jungle of confusing product claims problems for themselves. These by manufacturers and has given birth widows must be given an opportunity to a veritable explosion of consumer to define their own problems in a products. Only a couple of decades constructive way together.. ago, for example, grocery stores used We hold that no one can really help to stock 1500 items on their shelves, widows until they are given the compared to 8000 (of which a thousand opportunity to help themselves. a year are new), in 1976. We recommend that a drop-in centre Vhat should the Federal Government should be formed for widows similar to do besides listening to consumer those centres for senior citizens. complaints. How can it counteract tht The centre should be available for forces of "normal" corporate sales widows to drop-in and socialize strategies, and abnormal mass media a certain number of days a week. hucksterism. Besides making business In this way, the isolation that surrounds more competitive, stronger policing each individual widow may be of the market place, allowing full lessened, and she may see that her consumer participation in decisions problems and concerns are those of affecting them, and providing better other widows as well. Such a centre grievance-solving mechanisms for would supply a safe environment for individual consumers, senior widows to interact and perhaps government must develop a national then they will be better able to network of credit counselling agencies. specify their needs. A counsellor may It has been estimated that it would help with these discussions. A only cost $3.3 million dollars to set :entre will also encourage widows up an effective nation-wide counsellin to take responsibility and program. Meanwhile, the cost of initiative in running something as personal bankruptcy in 1970 was an :oncrete and tangible as the centre. People should be available to give estimated sixty to ninety million financial and emotional advice to dollars. The business communtiy too widows who need it. Together has a responsibility for "cleaning widows may be able to help themup its act", perhaps by diverting selves, for no one else can live for a small percentage of its annual them. A widow must learn to know profits towards developing a more herself as a woman, independent informed consumer. Schcols also and single. must play a stronger rolc in preparing 11 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �FEMINIST PRESS These small news-letters and grow-ing journals are like yeast in the dough of complacenty to a sex that has been eating the unleavened bread of oppression for too long. We must preserve and support this voice as a priority,it is the only voice of women totally free from the manipulation of those whose aim and desire it is to keep us ignorant of the power and confidence that is our right by birth. In almost every case the women who write and distribute this press do so on a voluntary basis,oper ating on crumbs of cash provided by small grants from Gov -with the support of a growing readership. Survival is a constant threat from issue to issue we must find the drive, the ener the cash to sta e our case What is the feminist press? The true believer will tell you it's not MS or the woman's homemaker mags,its not even Chatelaine although one finds in its pages, a certain appetizer that creates a hunger for a deeper meaning,a closer walk with a movement that has become like the cry of our own hearts. Across this Canada of ours from the north-west territories, to St Johns Newfounland the Status of Women Councils and the centres of radical feminists comes the written expressions of discontent og women who are emotionally and mentally ready to assume a larger role in a man-made,male controlled world. REPORT ON FEMINIST WEEKEND AT CEDAR GLEN In the conference centre of the United Church at Cedar Glen, Bolton Ont. the Toronto collective hosted, without government participation a feminist weekend of what turned out to be, as far as could see, a meeting of true belieThis person in spite of a vers. non perceptable generation gap was enfolded in that special warmth that is generated where ever women meet without the props of pretension. Planned without a set structure of workshops, it made a random selection of groups to first come up with subjects for further discussion in a later workshop approach. found the small group discussion not as productive as the general discussion which took place in the One constant large conference room. theme emerged time after time, the pervasive impotence that women feel who are mentally and emotionally prepared to take a larger part in the planning of changes that must take place in society if woman is to reach her full potential in this The hetersexual relationcountry. ship as defined in both emotional and economic terms as a form of dependancy was one that found responce in both straight and lesbian It became a bridge that women. both sides could cross over with The conference could well ease. have justified it's exsistance by this fact alone; a mutual recognition that differences in life styles crumble under the harsh realities of economic pressure. The lesbian collective of Wages for Housework was vociferous and militant, they are embattled and bitter, twice oppressed, many with children finding themselves pushed to the wall by the society they equate with male supremecy. We may question the approach but never the motive; there is no question survival is the driving force, to keep their children and preserve their life-style. Wages I I without apology-to a society who have found it all too easy in the past to dismiss women as the appendi of the real power in control. One of the more comprehensive journals in the feminist press is THE OTHER WOMAN out of Toronto,a good and solid read for 50G or $4 a year to subscribers,free to prisons and Native Women it provides a larger look at lifestyle and the general health of the movement. We at the northern Woman will keep a supply of this fine paper for women and solicit your support for it as well as our own.We will also the first time print a list of other news-letters that have impressed us. CEDAR GLEN for Housework did not find support in the conference, it was seen as one more dependency gimmick that allows the state even more participation in the lives of women. The number of times the words money, power and control were used as a panacea for all the problems would have delighted any member of the board but in general this was a conference prepared to face up to the realities. The future and fate of the movement and all women hinges on their ability to defend and susstain each other in the struggle. Joint ownership of land and property, lifeskills for a feminist community, the role of the feminist press, the pros and cons of separation of the sexes, the third option of celebacy relin avoiding the hassle of deep ationships, the subject of cooptation from the extreme male left, from social services, from the moderate liberal; a more realistic approach to the non declared feminist groups whose long term goals in the struggle for equal right lay parallel to their own, the growing interest in credit unions for women, the increasing crisis housing starts, the passion to have them owned and operated by women as true havens, the sexist literature in the schools, the push of the anti-abortion groups, All these topics combined to make the general discussion groups a fascinating study, the freedom and ease with which all took part was extremely gratifying. My personal impression was one of tremendous vitality, not always channeled positively but a tangible physical presence; one who has always believed the spoken word is the most unreliable form of communication, can now dismiss much of the words my own included and say with perfect It confidence the spirit lives! struggles from frustration to depression and from depression to celIt is in healthy flux ebration. politically aware yet obliged to If buy into privelege for survival. it has a fault it is the impatience that sets it at odds with the compI lacent and unaware, of it's own sex. Those who have opted out of the hete sexual relationships have paid their dues. It is unthinkable that straig women everwhere should withhold the Man and full measure of sisterhood. woman relationships under the present structure are enforced and continued as an imbalance of power to th highest level of political maniThe personal is political pulation. and many times freedom begins and The word radical ends in the home. is misused and abused in the context of human relationships. Personally can't see anything more radical than challenging sexism where ever That is how radical it is found. suggest in am prepared to be and that context we are all equally radi The burgeoning spiritual and creatiN growth in the movement should give us all a measure of satisfacttion. 1 Sat. night concert at the conference was a real power-house, singing, comedy routine from the Three of Cur a feminist tea-room in Toronto, poetry by Alexa de Wiel and from A most engros! Thunder Bay as well. ing film on the life of Gertrude Stein, that great literary genius, was the delight of the most creativr minds of her time. The fact that si was a known lesbian posed no threat to her popularity. The part Alice Tooklas played in her life was fascinating. would'n It was an experience learn listened and have missed, was not alone in my age group. Kay MacPherson from NAC was a great companion and took me back to Toronto. Whatever the conference hoped to accomplish in the way of concrete directions palls into insignificie beside the friends made, the communication established by a short IA to-gether along a path that is our common destiny. I I I I I I I GERT BEADLE 12 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �REPORT FROM COUNCI L NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO INTERNATIONAL WOMAN'S DECADE CO-ORDINATING COUNCIL Minutes of May 15, 1976 Meeting held in Conference Dining Room at Confederation College with 19 members present. A group picture taken by a photographer to be used in submission to the Chronicle Journal's woman's issue, June 29. Minutes of previous meeting were RAPE AND SEXUAL ASSAULT ACTION GROUP: adopted as read. Paulah Edwards reported that the core group are presently enrolled in Secretary's Wen-do classes, a self-defense course. Publicity report: report stated that an information They will be sponsoritig a seminar on package, containing a pamphlet, rape and sexula assault at Confederation a covering letter, and a copy of the College, June 19, and brochures will follow. Northern Woman journal had beenThe sent group will speak at Hillcrest highschool, to approximately 100 woman's organizations with the highschool health classes, A press release in N.W. Ontario. and have already appeared at a Woman's re: formation of the council andInstitute. its aims had appeared in all local papers. Moved by Marg Lanchok that Gert's and Paulah's reports be accepted. Discussion on Council's approach Seconded by Leone Lang. Gert Beadle suggested to the media: the action groups report on their own HERSTORY projects under the supportive structure of the Council and that BerniceMarg Lanchok reported that a grant Cain be the official spokesperson in the Secretary of State was grom the interests of the Council in received, and interviews of the Motion that all reports be accepted by Micky murray Seconded by Marg Lanchok.' . HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION HEARING Marg Lanchok reported that she attended an organizational meeting on behalf of the council and will present a brief at a public meeting June6. Meeting adjourned. Next meeting June 12/76 future. students were completed. Paulah Motion by Gert Beadle, secondedEdwards by will continue the project Joan that the publicity committee operating out of the Northern be dissolved and that action groups Woman Journal office, Bay Street. be responsible for their own publicity. NATIVE WOMEN LIBERATION I cannot breathe this air of COMMITTEE REPORTS Bernice Cain reported that she had sent letters to Marlene Pierre, Gert Beadle reported Crisis Housing: Nancy Morrison and Edith MacLeod, on her meeting with Dorothy Akram, asking them to join the Council. councillor at the Tarbut St. Houses. It was pointed out they were presently She stated her committee was encouraged involved in the Native Women's Lisa informed the with the progress. Conference. group that she and Colleen and Gert will visit the Kenora women's hostels SOCIAL SERVICE CUTBACKS At present, no active in June. citizen's committee is operating there. Sharon McKay reported. Our Council is not affiliated with the Coalition for Social Justice in opposition to social service cutbacks. Bernice Cain will send MEMMEMEM NUMMI a letter of support to Norm Richards. Sharon McKay will be Council's liason with this group. ROOTS A telegram of protest from this Council's My grandmother had a word for sex, seminar had sent Intercourse,fornication, or the by Sharon. common screw,and all the other definitive terms were not incluEQUAL PAY GROUP ded in her repertoire.She had her own wore It was"accomodateY Leona Lang reported that a strong got the feeling rather early core group was established. Weaknesses that accomodating each other in wasthe labour laws which accounted something my grandparents didfor the labour contract failure rather well,and with considerable at the Port Arthur Clinic was merriment. wasn't sure whatdiscussed. Changes in that area will it was but knew it was enough have top priority with this group. to make her give a rough tongue Motion that we affiliate, with to a neighbour who had the bad N.A.C. who are actively lobbying for manners to catch the act in the legislative change. Unanimous consent. hayfield one day while she and Bernice will request affiliation by letter. grandfather ,AAt building a hay II MIMI stack. II II MINIM. M heard her tell my mother, got some pretty definite "It's nobody's business where ideas about my grandmothers accomodate my man and told meth6ds of accomodation. For one him so,he wont come snooping thing,it never occurred to me around here again can tell you". that it wasn't she who decided just when she felt accomodating. PDF compression, OCR, web a watermarked Theoptimization word duty wasusing dust in her mouth. heard her say many unequal values where the lyrics for shunted womanhood ring to the tune of "pots 'n pans ugly hands' and "aging witches becoming bitches". I know another part of me the part you fail to see the real meaning of me I Thus fulfillment is found I I in womanhood creating a restored image I I I in the femaleness I in me. I I -Wendy Peterson Kenora evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �NATIONAL ACTION COMMITTEE mi ni st ers absent was In April of this year On Sunday _the to resolutions fortunate enough representwi presented to theOntario voting as delegate North-Western a delfor refusal Very egate from or theacceptance. Northern Women's In support of the North West Territories little was raised for Centreopposition to the annual NAC (National Status of Women Action Committee's any of the issues with some delec Action Committee) conference in ates exercising reserved position Brief to the Mackenzie Pipeline The conference began Fri. Ottawa. on evening a few. April Inquiry, re the effects of the pipeline The three issues until 23 andmain continued arising out of the resolutions on N.W.T. women, BE IT RESOLVED that Many piwomen Sun. evening, April 25. sed were: economic matters NAC encourages member organizations also stayed for the lobby such of M.P.'s wage birth cc 26. to make representations at hearings on controls: Parliamentabortion, Hill, Mon. April across Canada of the Mackenzie trot and dayconference care; and began the organThe on a someization of an effective communicPipeline Inquiry re the effect of what disappointing note when the ation system which could reach 0 of the pipeline upon women. panel of Marc Lalonde, Minister women of Canada on issues concerr Health and Welfare and also Ministing WHEREAS Native Women In Canada suffer Other deal erthem. in charge ofresolutions Federal governwith such thing as the MacKenzie a double discrimination and are thereIWY, Ron Basment participition in Pipeline, the presentation fore the most oppressed in the country, wonJohn ford, Minister of Justiceofand inMunro, the media, energy WHEREAS the Supreme Court of Canada Minister of alternatives Labour, did not priorities in government spending has upheld the right of Indian appear after they had agreed to do etc. Councils to strip Native women of Details of these resolution It was immediately apparent to so. will givenpresent in THE how STATUS OF their heritage when they marry, thebewomen important WOMEN NEWS. outside the band, while similar these men considered the conference penalties are not inflicted upon men participated in sent th place they reto On be.Mon.In their lobby of MP's, in which who marry outside the band, lobbied for Munro and Baspresentitives; BE IT RESOLVED NAC urge that the Bill an ford individual MP;their the NDP caucus, they had Deputy Minister took part in the luncheon attende reof Rights be embodied and entrenched and Assistant Deputy Ministers, by spectively John Munro in andattendance. Marc Lalonde an in the BNA Act... that NAC mount a delegation to the visited For the Lalonde, office ofthe Bobrepresentative Andras, Minister of Indian Affairs, Judd my was local who had agreed BobMP, Kaplan, an not MP and alsot Parlreceive any lobbyists. Buchanan to ask that evictions of iamentary Secretary toThe thelobby Minister Native women on the Caughnawagna wasofthe high point of the weekend National Health and Welfare. reservation be halted pending resolution forAlso it presented an opportunity t on the panel was Martha Hynna of their appeals which are before the speak face-to-face withof the men aPrivy Coordinator, Status Women, courts, and that the rights of Council, and Jeha Roberts, women who have so much to do MP. wit The Native women should not be jeopardized men there on behalf ofinfluenci Munro and passing the legislation in any contemplated changes to the were placed women. in a rather diftheBasford lives of Canadian Indian Act;... ficult position for The conference wasalthough attendedthey that ... (NAC delegates and member could provide some of information women from all parts Canada it to organizations be asked) to write questions asked of them could cluding Newfoundland, B.C. they and tfletters of protest to the Minister, not answer the Ministers Yukon. was for grateful for the that and to Ian Watson, M.P., in whose Marth they to were representing. chance articulate the particul riding Caughnawagna is located... Hynna was very informative concerns of Northern women to and the appeared to be committed to the work present. Mary Two-Axe Early and several other As for the two that she isthe doing. Despite regional, class, Indian women took active part in politicians; they displayed an inethnic and political differences discussions and lobbying M.P.'s.They execusable ignorance of women's that existed among the women at t are threatened with loss of homes, issues and to make this ignorance conference, almost unanimous agre separation from families, loss of even palatable, theyall spoke ment waslass reached on almost of in rights, (and their children also lose very patronizing, sometimes theaissues. think that this wotolrights) such as to advanced education,... erent, have to besometimes stated asnot-so-tolerent the success if they marry a man who is not a Although the questioning of the manner. conference. registered Indian. As one vivacious theSaturday panel was a a frustrating experwas busy day win "Montreal older woman said: ience for all those present, workshops almost constantly in me it people can come and bury their dogs certainly a greatthe deal to bring ion, first to did determine prior in the pet cemetary on our reservation, together the anger and disappointities and then to draw up resolul cannot be buried with my own but ment ofthe theworkshops women gathered ions from chosen there. people there! the delegates according to the i5 ues they felt to be most importar The workshop attended was to dr resolutions for the following foL The Herstory project begun issues; mass consciousness-raisin I.W.Y. will go into it's 111111111 IMMO MOM ing, abortion, wage control and second phase this season with backs, and political equality. a summer work project grant. the workshop attended was typic Paula Edwards will index and of the others, as I'm sure it was complete the material,to those it is a miracle that we were able students who applied we can only to arrive at an acceptable statesay we are sorry we couldn't ment on these issues, considerinc hire all of them. the wide scope of involvement one militancy or lack of same among ENGLAND the women participating. But agr ment was reached which was a verb A Bill Battered Wives (Rights encouraging achievement. to Possession of Matrimonial Home) has received first reading in the It would English Parliament. OTTAWA Hill - A pilot project to continue BY Laurie "require the courts to make an the initiatives in the field commenc order giving the wife of a man by the IWY Secretariat in 1975,eight who has been convicted of an act consultants experienced with women's of violence against her the comgroups and community education have plete right to possession of the been hired to work in eight regions matrimonial home if she applies across the country. One of the confor such an order and for purposes sultants is Colleen Hughes in Nothconnected therewith." western Ontario. "Loserism is when oppressed -Spare Rib (English feminist do something. Well just DO Colleen Hughes can be contacted by magazine) Establishment's jobl" leaving a message at 623-5241,the SecI NAC NEWS RESOLUTIONS FOR URGENT ACTION I I I I I I I I QUOTE 14 can't I OMEN- retary of State office,or through her Ihome,358 N.Syndicate Avenue,Thunder P7C 3W5. Phone 623-3990 IrrU 1E3 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy ofMIME. CVISIONMIN PDFCompressor sit around and think up reasons why they �CONVERSATION HE SAYS. SHE SAYS I USED TO LOVE TO DANCE,BUT HE DOESN'T CARE TO ANYMORE. MY WIFE CAN DO ANYTHING SHE LIKES AS LONG AS SHE DOES IT ON HER OWN TIME, C I'M SO BORED WITH MY LIFE I COULD SCREAM. 0 M M I'M JUST AS TRAPPED AS SHE IS I CANT DO EVERYTHING I'D LIKE I'M EATING TOO MUCH AND I DONT KNOW WHY. EITHER. I WANT A ROOM OF MY OWN WITH A LOCK AND KEY,I WANT TO KEEP MY DREAMS FROM BEING SMASHED. WHY DOES SHE NEED HER OWN MONEY EVERYTHING I HAVE IS HERS. U N I WANT TO STAY LOVING BUT IT'S HARD. I WANT TO STAY THE WOMANS MOVEMENT FRIGHTENS ME 'M AFRAID SHE'LL HATE ME. C I GIVE MYSELF OVER TO THE RAGE THAT IS IN ME,I'LL SMASH EVERYTHING WE HAVE BUILT TOGETHER. IF T HOW CAN I SAY THIS FRAME IS TOO SMALL TO GROW INJWITHOUT SAYING I WANT TO GROW AWAY FROM HER I 0 HARD. THE WOMANS MOVEMENT FRIGHTENS ME, THERE IS SO MUCH OF IT THAT APPLIES TO ME I DONT WANT TO THINK ABOUT IT. IF I GIVE MYSELF OVER TO THE RAGE THAT IS IN MEJI WILL SMASH EVERYTHING WE'VE BUILT TO-GETHER A LOVING BUT IT'S HOW CAN I SAY THIS FRAME IS TOO SMALL TO GROW IN WTHOUT SAYING IWANT TO GROW AWAY FROM HIM. N HOW CAN WE TELL EACH OTHER HOW WE FEEL WHEN WE ARE BOTH SO DEFENSIVE WE'LL ACCUSE EACH OTHER OF NOT CARING. I MOURN FOR MY SISTER Credit to Country Women Journal. leisurely enjoyed This morning as my second cup of coffee.I reached for the local suburban newspaper and read with horror that a 36 yr old woman had been murdered during the night. A neighbour had seen the figure of a man with a gun in did not her doorway.Even though know her personally,nor her two children,nor her estranged husband (described by the press as having no regular address or place of employment)nor her co-workers where she was employed as secretary,I wept for her. She was my sister. was overcome with rage at this violent act,a symbol of the final or ultimate sacrifice of personhood which men have historically demanded of us as a separate species: woman. has The male/female relationship probably best been characterized by the females willingness to sacrifice any or every portion of her own individual needs,goals and basic personhood.Direct confrontation was out,so she developed covert manipu. anion as a method.I consider it a frightening statistical fact,that married women make more suicide attempts and carry them out at a alarming and higher rate than single and dissapated,they either give one last sigh and surrender,or take a deep breath and come out I fighting. I I women. Some men,in there honest groping search for new roles to play,are themselves many times lost,it takes a very self assured woman to gently guide them in the relationship. It is however a fine line between guiding andteaching a person to allow himself to be free with you and yet not attempting to dominate him denying his needs,under the guise of our own liberation. have watched women friends try to please men who cannot be pleased,remembering as little girls,that pleasing their fathers and grand fathers and uncles brought them love and acceptance.The circles enclosing ,their worlds grow smaller and smaller as they try harder and harder to please until they are mere things, objects.Their life energies I personally find intimate relationships with men draining.I find myself in a ping pong cycle ,getting need from the emotional support can be strong enough to women so with men.I find myself hassle it out representing every female relationship they have experienced from mother an interaction on down;taking of with them,means taking on their garbage and accumulated myths.lt is tiring to discover that each friend ship turns out to be a CR experience for both of us I I I sapped The tension of being powerless The waiting and knowing that with each shadowy figure on a dimly lit street your very existence could be wiped out,or with luck you could only be raped,molested and beaten.The physical power,the physical meat muscle strength which is held over women from the time of small wobbling toddlers threatened with "when father gets home",or the gangs of boys on the way home from school-the pushing shoving,hair pulling,rock or snowball throwing.or the adolescent male sadistically teasing with an arm twist or a locked grip on your wrist. This constant taunting of muscle power over our bodies as we remember the the neighbour lady with the cauliflower ears from her husbands beating.The very real vulnerability of our experiences recorded in our minds and ever interfering with assertiveness in our adult day to day relationships with men. How many ways do men kill women? Killing us softly,slowly,eating away at our capabilities,our self-confidence, our dignity,self respect and self esteem;eroding our hopes and dreams the Dream Killers,the Mind Killers the Soul Killers,and the epitome of their domination,when we act out their fi nal demand and take our lives or have them taken from us. So to-day mourn my sister's death,shot in the head with a shot. gun by her former husband,and mourn the suffering that all my sisters have received at the hands of the men they have loved. I I . PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �T HE F OR NEED The rage we feel in our day to day encounters with peo,ple who lack understanding of women,the constant frustration of exploitation and belittlement,and the ever present fear of destruction ,are but a few of the problems we,as women must face. Try to imagine for a moment how all these problems would feel,given a few details of another persons life.For example,men making passes at you,that you dont recognize as a pass,because you have no idea what a pass is. Or imagine being made love the to,enjoying it with pure animal instinct we all have within us,but with none of the tenderness or care that is such a vital part of lovemaking.Or let us take it one step further7imagine yourself pregnant,imagine drs. checking you over,discussing your life,then doing something very painful to your insides,that you cannot recognize as an abortion because you dont know what an abortion is.Then you go through a post partum depression and lose control and they lock you up ,.in a room.You get over it and everything is the same,except they give you a little pink pill,and you dont know what it isbut you take it because you have sJo much faith in the people who give it to you that you would trust them with your life and sometimes you do. This gruesome imagery, is unfortunately not imagery at all its not science fiction and its had last night, not a nightmare It's all true.It happens to a very misuderstood,and completely oppressed minority of women. It happens to mentally retarded women who are misfortunate enough to be forced to live behind the walls of an institution. The glaring facts came to me quite by accident in 1973/74 was working on an indep. while endant study for the college was attending at the time. My study involved sex education for the mentally retarded. while studying,working, surveying and researching--I became quite famwomen iar with many retarded who lived in a southern Ont institution.Iwas also working within the walls of this place as a councellor.Some of the slips of the tongue,that were inadvertantlyspoken to me shocked me at first,then came astonishment I I I EDUCATION S EXUAL then devastation that we could have come so far in the movement and still be so ignorant of a particular minorit.Y.which needed our help so desperately. Sex Education is almost vital to the survival of these women but for some unknown reason,we haven't taught them what they need to know. You may be justly surprised at some of the details of my study which am about to outline,it is simply proof of our innocence on the subject. will be discussing The women are classified as "borderline intellnormal",they have igence" or dull I.Q.'s that could run anywhere from 50 to 85*,and still be in this category.For the sake of argument we will avoid discussion of the severely and profoundly retarded. will define normal as not retarded to avoid confusion since the term itself is questionable.I will go so far as to say that to the best of my knowledge"sex drives" in the M.R. are more closely linked to the mental,rather than chronological age of the person.Compared to the normal therefore,the borderline person,will usually 'exhibit less sexual be' haviour,and not more as is sometimes I I I believed. Many more retarded women are taking their place in the community as self supporting adults,Others until destined to a life of recently dependance are now viewed as capable of becoming at least partially selfsufficient.As the M.R. woman assumes a more productive role in society the more she also assumes responsib- It should be added,and am quoting a resource guide put out by the National Institute on Mental Retardation" young retardates are vulnerable and easily mislead,without careful preparation can and do fall victim to sexual seduction and exploitation". It should also be added there is no evidence of increased promiscuity among the retarded.I would also like to destroy the commonly accepted myth that aggressive sexual acts are common in the retarded,as is usually assumed) and that cases like this are extremely rare,in fact less common on the averag( than in the normal population.Such act! that do occur are usually due to a lac) of emotional control rather than malicious intent. It must also be pointed out that,t1 intellectual limitations of the mental retarded present certain difficulties in the development of sex education relevant to their needs.Generally speal they are not capable of understanding the complex biological structure of the reproductive system,nor can they anticipate the social consequence of inappropriate sexual behavior.Yet,they ml be prepared for the social roles they will assume in the future. The term sex education covers all area which hSve to do with human sexuality including our attitudes,our feelings, our behavior,and the way we relate to ourselves and others. Guilt is an emotion we must be very careful not to instill.If for example ,we slap her fingers for playing with her genitals but smile when she plays with her toes,she will be confused and may associate her genitals with I ility for her own---behavipur.-_,_maintain that this very responsibility entitles her to the same respect we receive,both sexually and emotionally,not only because we are all women,but because we are all people. It's so sad to see the abuse these women are subjected to as a result of their lower level of understanding. As our sisters, we should be helping them get the very best of treat ment,rather than the all to obvious reality ofour shortcomings. My study therefore was based on the premise that retarded women ,can and do learn;and the ability to learn varied greatly from woman to woman but,for the most part she can behave in a socially acceptable fashion in s-of-NpuM-%_4wmi But time takes care of mo embarassments,when she is old enough to go out in public,you can teach her not to masturbate,just as you teach her not to pick her nose and so on. Theses are a few of the points researct brought about through careful and determined questioning. have outlined for you here What merely involves the introduction,and first chapter of my study.If signs of interest are evident,parts of the whole study will be published by the Northern Woman Journal,I hope sufficier interest will warrent this *I.Q. levels are those of the National Institute on mental retardatic Paulah Edwards I all areas of social and sex related aspects of life.If we assume she can,and does learn,then the development of sex education programs become' a reasonable goal. I M PORT A N T NORTERN WOMAN CENTRE....622-3989 WOMEN IN NEIGHBOURHOODS..622-8187 345-5841 THE NORTERN WOMAN 622-2863 MOTHERS ON BUDCE'TS 344-2431 SMITH CLINIC Paulah Edwards came to us out of Winds( This article is only part of a study she made for her thesis.Idealistic and loving she offers herself to the further understanding of what it means to be a woman and defenceless. NUM BERS SOCIAL SERVICES....623-2711 344-3571 CRISIS INTERVENTION 623-9596 FAMILY COUNCILLING 3451972 LEGAL AID 344-1192 TELECARE 623-2711 CRISIS HOUSING HUMAN RTS. COMMISSION..475-1693 EMPLPYMENT STANDARDS...475-1691 344-3922 MUNICIPAL DAY CARE 622-2450 OR 16 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �1* THE NORTHERN WOMAN RETURN TO: 316 Bay St. Thunder Bay, "P" Ontario. return postage guaranteed Canada Poster Poet Canada Bulk En hombre third troisieme class classe 220 111111011111 NM TABLE OF CONTENTS Donna Shaw 4ag 627 S. High St. City P Day Care 3 Epilepsy Thunder Bay 3 Family Property Law 4 4 Kenora Visit Women & Alternatives 5 Letters 7 Cut Backs 9 Project on Widows....I0 Credit Counselling...11 12 Feminist Weekend 13 D Report N.0 National Action Cmtt 14 Mourn For My Sisterly 16 Sexual Education 71111400Ee I THIS IS YOUR LAST COPY I YOUR SUBSCRIPTION IS DUE RR law womos Nom= ism mom PLEASE SUPPORT US (Six ISS1-45) 4 3 2-2 YEAR 72Q BuSI NESS OR rNST t TUrtONt NAM E GIFT want to get involved? call 345-5841 any Wed. or Friday. ADDRESS -- DONATIONS GRATEFULLY ACCEPTED PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 2 No 6 Description An account of the resource Vol. 2, No. 6 (1976) Title: The Northern Woman Topics include: Alternative political institutions Critique of political authority Anti-capitalism Epilepsy Day care Thunder Bay Co-operative Nursery School Family property law Women’s treatment residence Kenora Interchange 75 – A Forum for Action on Women’s Issues International Women’s Year Tenant rights Women’s Credit Union Northern Women’s Centre Letters to the editor Poetry Art Government cutbacks to social services Research on the lives of widows Credit counselling Feminist press Feminist conference, Bolton ON Northwestern Ontario International Women’s Co-ordinating Decade Council Rape and sexual assault action group Human rights commission hearing Sex National Action Committee Mackenzie Pipeline inquiry Indian Act & sexism Indigenous rights Indigenous housing crisis Battered wives Bill (England) Grief & violence against women/femicide Sex education Authors/Contributors: Joan Packota Arend Visser Gert Beadle Wendy Peterson Laurie Hill Paulah Edwards Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2744/1976_Vol_3_No_1.pdf 22ab1b7d8aa8323261eaa709c15b7d8f PDF Text Text PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL Some point out that a long year has passed since the valiant The Port Arthur Clinic has once again hit the headlines. women workers,at the clinic went out en strike. Within the last few days, several news items have pointed out the fact that the struggle has continued throughout these many months, with the women who,--in good faith, terminated the strike and went back to work, bearing the brunt of the doctors' ill will and harassment in defense of their legal right to unionize. To them I tip my hat. It takes courage dedication, and understanding, to stand up for principle in the interest of a group, despite intimidation and harassment. In a situation such as exists at the Port Arthur Clinic where the doctors have a monoply, and where many patients, because of special needs, had to cross the picket lines, because they could not get the required care elsewhere, on the one hand; and on the other hand, where you have a situation among the trade unions, who were committed to support the strike on paper, but who failed; and still fail to carry out sufficient educational work among their membership regarding trade union solidarity. The combination of these circumstances, along with the weak response of the then acting Minister of Labour, Dr. Bette Stephenson (past president of the Canadian Medical Association and a self-avowed feminist) who merely said she had done all she could, make the outcome of the strike predictable. Just what did Bette Stephenson do?? The doctors at the Port Arthur Clinic have proven themselves to no longer being a breed apart, but have now moved over to being nothing more than ruthless businessmen. They have effectively destroyed the image of dedicated men and women giving their lives to the sick and maimed as first class humanitarians. They have indeed emerged as a tarnished breed. As if the destruction of our faith in doctors were not bad enough there appeared also on the scene a nitwit in the guise of a female employee, who has taken it upon herself to call for decertification of the union, I wonder why?? Has this woman heard of the struggle everywhere that women are waging for equal pay and equal treatment in their places Of employment? Does she have the mental capacity to read the local paper? Did she read the result of a very recent Has she ever official survey which showed that Ontario women are being paid $44. a week less than men doing the same work? bothered to look up the meaning of the words 'unity' or 'solidarity' in the dictionary? Does she understand that some of the gains she has achieved since the strike were won by those who struke the clinic and remained steadfast? I feel pity and contempt for this individual. At long last there is a glimmer of hope; Journal, Aug. 17) Did this ding-a-ling read that a contract has been achieved (Chronicle- and that decertification will nullify it? Did she see the Aug. 18th article in the same paper, pointing out that the difference.in wages paid the unionized St. Joseph's hospital employees and the clinic workers is substantial? Perhaps this will tell her soMething. AlimilMemmowon. It is gratifying to know that a secred ballot vote of all eligible employees on the questjon of decertification has been granted by the Ontario Labour Relations Board. I hope they will use it well, and to their own advantage. In unity there is strength. **********************************************************rtrroVers****orintAt with talented and courageous women of 1 should be evicted. Some courses provide new the past. A booklet entitled "Your rights perspectives of the present. All of the and obligations under the landlord and courses address the great potential tenant act-Partiv 4( residental for the future. es) is available from; Ruth Cunningham, Director of Wamen's rd and Tenant Booklet Programs, and Lynne Thornburg, Super! ox 520, Adelaide St ,Toronto, visor of Women's Programs, continue to 6 work within the framework set by these ur conclusion that the law is result has been a delines. e rich andThe injustice prevails ber of high calibre, exciting rses offered to women throughout thwestern Ontario, as well as inars, workshops and conferences. This fall and winter there will be a Letters cont'd from page 3 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �:************************* 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E IJETTERS E*******400********01010WK*** Although it is the policy of this collective not to print letters that are unsigned, from time to time we receive a letter that cries out to be heard, -not just by the ears of sympathy and understanding, but by the-general public who are all too eager to dismiss from their minds any subject that doesn't fit into the lifestyle of their choice. The subject matter of the Northern Woman Journal is "Women in Distress", and we feel this letter fits well within that frame. Dear Sisters: still have a long way to go, and the going will be rough at times. think if had had counselling in my early adolescence it would have done away with a lot of my problems. I I I hope you think about this because you can get through to the people and make them aware, by running some articles in your feminist press. I If Thank you for reading my letter. it does nothing else it has given me an outlet. I'm surprised at myself and a little proud to be able to even say for the first time that am gay. Even if it's only in print without my name, it still feels good. I Your paper is fantastic. am so impressed. It is such a good feeling I Dear Sisters; am writing this letter with sincerity, hoping you do not think it ridiculous. don't even know if my problem will be of any interest to you. truly hope it does for feel you are the individuals who will be able to do something positive about it. I I I I I am an 18-year-old female student who is finding it extremely difficult to deal with my bisexuality. have never had relations with another woman, - my lack of lovers is not the probje, the problem is, what my bisexuality has done to my relations with my friends and family. have an awful feeling of isolation because can't really get close to my family or be completely honest and confide in them. have friends but how can discuss bisexuality with them when they openly joke and ridicule gays. I I I I I have liberal friends who consider themselves open-minded but even so, know if confide in them, even if they don't prejudice themselves I I I would feel that every time against me, joked with them or put my arm around their shoulder in friendship they might feel uneasy, as to my guess I'm trying to motives. What know my situation say is that can hardly be unique. I I I I A lot of my problems could have been gotten rid of a long time ago if could only have spoken to someone who is bisexual and learned to deal There is counselling services with it. for just about any problem an adolescent can come across except this. Drugs, family problems, alcoholism, you name it, the high-school counsellor is prepared to deal with it, but how can you cure homosexuality. can't think of myself as being sick. Unfortunately, it is hard to maintain this belief when one is told homosexuals are sick and deprived and just plain queer. wish the Northern Woman could set up a place where kids could go freely without being slandered or Kids in an identity crisis ridiculed. are the most vulnerable of all and the ones most in need of help. I I I work. I I Thank You, Unsigned. I I Sure to have your group in Thunder Bay. say your, but feel am a part of it for feel for every issue you are involved in. While we were pleased that you reprinted the Fact Sheet on cutbacks compiled by the Wages for Housework Committee in your latest issue, it was a mistake that you did not explain what the Fact Sheet was all about. The Fact Sheet is an addendum to a petition that we wrote protesting the freeze in the Family Allowance, which says that the Family Allowance is the only money many women receive in recognition of the work of raising children, and that not only do we refuse to let that money be taken away from us, but we want it extended to a full wage for all women for all our housework. The Fact Sheet goes along with the petition to give figures on how the wage controls and government cutbacks generally hit women the hardest by giving us less money and more oilmmmmiwemmeeelmm Over 15000 petitions are in circulation across Canada, and the response has been tremendous, with many women taking the petition themselves to circulate among neighbours and coworkers. We have just published the first issue of the Wages for Housework Campaign Bulletin, which contains many articles on the Family Allowance Protest, and on the campaign for wages for housework internationally. For copies of the petition, Bulletin, and other information, write to P.O. Box 38, Station E. Toronto. Frances Gregory - Wages for Housework Committee Hello from an enthusiastic and dedicated reader in Kingston, Ont.! As a member of the Kingston Women's Centre, really enjoyed your little article 'What is a Feminist Press'? When you defined this as one "that creates a hunger for a deeper meaning, a closer walk with a movement that has become like the cry of our own hearts", you spoke for so 4)4111111111114141=1114)4110 many of us across Canada who are working on women's newspapers. And Dear Sisters: although our newsletter in Kingston is small, with a minimum number of A helpful plumber told me the following which women doing a maximuM amount of work, would like to share with your readers. the faith that you express in the mean(1) ing of our work gives us heart to keep purchase a plunger for unpluggon going. 41111111111.1.111MITIONIMIMIIIIIMMaking (2) if you have a plugged double Unlike other great steps forward compartment sink, you must stop up in intellectual thought, the Women's one drain for the plunger to be offMovement is not centred in an 'artsy' ective on the other side. capital; because of its membership, it (3) There is if the plunger doesn't work, is everywhere at all times. Draino or other light commercial prono one voice of this revolution, nor ducts probably won't either. should there be. Buy (at wholesalers) Hot Shot or Drain Bane. We are, all of us, working, thinkFollow directions carefully and note ing, and radicalizing in cities all whether it can be used on plastic Each little newsletter is over Canada. (black) pipes. an important part of the feminist press; (4) once a day, or oftener, run hot each women's group is a component of water, full force down your drains for the movement, a minute or so, and try not to let thought I'd drop you a line So hair, garbage, etc. go down. to let you know how much your paper is (5) if you drop something valuable must mention enjoyed in Kingston. Oh, in drain, don't run any water, it is the 'Roots' article about the accomop probably still in the trap (curved dating grandmother; that was fine. pipe underneath sink). Although our centre can't afford Put a basin u under trap and remove the nut with a to pay subscriptions, we hope we can wrench. continue to exchange with you. Keep ( (6) modern or defective toilets plug up the good work; you have a quality e easily. paper. Lots of love from Kingston. Don't put tampax down them or flush-a-bys. Julie Morris for Kingston Women's Centre also learned to check fuses on range if an element 200 Montreal St. Kingston, Ont. doesn't work and to check water intake tap to washer if clothes washer P.S. forgot to mention Wendy Petersons doesn't work, before calling a repair poem "Liberation", which said it all in person. a nutshell, yet managed to include her It's worth framing, emotions as well. In sisterhood - Donna Williams T.B. really. (I usually dislike 20th C poetry. I I ( I I I I 91011.41)11111111.0r 4104111114710)() RAPE STUDY Dear Sisters: Although there is much discussion and concern about the issue of abortion today, there is little information on how Canadian women have responded to having an abortion. We are now doing a study of the experiences of Canad- ian women who have sought and obtained a therapeutic abortion inside Canada or elsewhere. If you have had an abortion and would be willing to fill out our questionnaire, please send your name and Address to us and a questionnaire will be mailed to you. Great care will be taken to ensure your anonymity and confidentiality and no names will be associated with If you will help us with the study. this research, please write to: Kathy Logsdail and Lorraine Wood, c/o Department of Psychology,, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont. cont'd page Z3 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �When Women Were Not "Persons" Taken from: Believe it or not, only 45 years ago women had no legal status as "persons" in Canada. Today it is difficult to recall that up to 1929 five successive Canadian governments and the Supreme Court of Canada had insisted that Canadian women were not "persons" at all with the definition of the British North America The SENCA, Vol. 2, Issue 3 Act. What was to become widely known as the "Persons Case" started in Alberta in 1916 when the provincial government appointed Emily Murphy as magistrate The of the family court in Edmonton. appointment, the first of its kind in the British Empire was a tribute to the outstanding role played by women But from the day of in World War I. her appointment Magistrate Murphy's rulings were challenged by male lawyers on the grounds that she was not a The Alberta "person" under the BNA. government acted speedily to enact legislation but the federal government refused to amend the BNA Act so that all of its terms of reference would include "female persons". The question of the legal status of women kept surfacing until mid-summer 1928 when Magistrate Murphy invited four other leading Canadian women to join her in seeking clarification of the BNA Act. She had found a section of the Supreme Court regulations that permitted five citizens to solicit such information. The four other women were Nellie McClug, author, lecturer and a leading figure in the fight for women's suffrage; Dr. Henrietta Edwards, author of two books on women's legal status; Irene Parlby, a member of the Alberta cabinet; Louise McKinney, a former Alberta The petition, signed by the MLA. five women, asked if the word "person" in the BNA Act included "female persons". The Mackenzie King Liberal government of the day put their best legal talent to work to defeat the women's petition. They went back to Roman law, ancient English custom, and even argued that the BNA Act had been framed by men at a time when won The had absolutely no rights. Supreme Court of Canada (five male judges) ruled unanimously that it was bound to interpret the BNA Act as it was written an that women were not "persons". The decision was appealed the British Privy Council and on October 28, 1929, the Council ov ruled the Supreme Court of Canad In its ruling the Council was sharply critical of the Canadian Government for relying on antiquated laws and customs to deny It said equal status to women. that all constitutions must be s ject to change and development through public opinion and custo *%*********** ************ ******* *** *** ************* ******** *44* * ************* A Searching LooA AN OPEN LETTER TO OUR READERS FROM THE CANADIAN CIVIL LIBERTIES ASSOCIATION al Ahren "s; itrireArs What do you think of an organization that protests the government policy of forcing deserted wives on welfare to sue their husbands; seeks the elimination of sexual discrimination in the Citizenship Act; is training citizen advocates among native Indians in the north; goes to bat for women on welfare who get cut off simply because of a "man in the house"; constantly exposes and criticizes the periodic police practice of denying arrested persons access to telephones and consultations with counsel, and is fighting for East Indians and West Indians whose bona fide visitors are denied admission to Canada? The organization that is doing these things and much more is the Canadian Civil Liberties Association. This letter is your invitation to join the ranks of this vital organization. Committed people are our only source of support. We won't ask or take assistance from Our independence is too important. government. Membership dues are a minimum of $10 per year and can be paid by cheque in favour of the Canadian Civil Liberties Association, 1554 Yonge Street, Toronto, Ontario. Thank you for considering us. Hon. E. M. Hall H onorary Pres. June Callwood Vice-Pres. 4E 4E 41 The following quotes are taken from advertisements for women's underwear: 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E if 41 if 4E 41 41 if 41 41 41 if if 41 41 41 41 if if 4E 41 41 4E 4E 4E Pierre Burton Director 4E 4E 4E Inrulmmommeww.rup...0* 4E My Selective Poems and Prose by Hazel Clink A delightful book of poems written by Hazel and published after she was seventy years young. Write The Northern Woman Journal for copies. $4 plus postage. 'Ma Ssiscliva. items : Aga ROMP * 4E fit Stretch sides for gentle comfort Has elastic mesh back insert to keep waist in place, tummy panel And the last one: Beautiful Bronze won't show under light colours. Hood closing crotch. If you are thoroughly turned off, disgusted or even amused, you have the right to any of those reactions. The advertisements were not seen in a Sex shop, but in -the pages of a shop-at-home catalogue. And in case you haven't guessed already, the quotations all came from the advertisements for ilN6ERit; The photographs0601# women With ftgures 44611041 perfection. 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 41 41 4E 4E "When you give up freedom for security you eventually end up with neither." Thomas Jefferson Double control with zipper convenience gentle stretch power net controls you firmly Add a little with lightly padded cups Exclusive Cordtex for uplifting support The natural look The French look Naughty but nice Take the plunge in this smoothie Moves with you, adapts for precise ank 41E 4E 4E 4E 41 4E 4E 4E 4E If, however, you look at the ads for men's shorts, the two men pictured must have been in sheer agony from being flattened out, (in the strategic places) for there is not the slightest bulge The descriptions themselves in sight. ;give details of testing and re-testing 'done to prevent shrinkage and ensure The material the shorts _long wear. 'are made of, and the colour and size are the only other selling features, there is no mention of sex appeal, or cont'd page 4 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 4E �Lembit A FABLE 268 In the city of the Sleeping Conscience, where Pride and Paranoia live in big houses, Sagit, daughter of December, dreamer,of dreams and viewer of the human scene, share my visions,for the hand of truth is upon me, and my tongue has been unharnessed by age. see a great long house where the power Prisoners of the Medicine Man is absolute. of the long house have turned into numbers on So great is little cards, in black files. the power and prestige of the Medicine Men that the numbers sit placidly for hours to hear, "My Lord will see No. 22 now", whereupon shivers of delight and gratitude send the Number into the inner sanctum to do homage. see the long house fall, and the numbers disappear as if written in invisible see the numbers cry with confusion ink. "We "It is the Women", they cry. and fear. must sacrifice the Women to appease the gods." So they gather to stone the maidens. Then did the Medicine Men beguile the maidens to divide and betray each other, and did put in the hand of each betrayer the first stone to cast as penance for having failed to do homage to the great god Class. see the gods are not appeased. "You must destroy the root before your number is visible in our sacred black box", they tell I I I I "It is the the frantic, invisible numbers. commies at the root of this great disobedience." Now the commies are a great threat to the Medicine Men, for they are little ideas that burrow beneath the skin, causing an itch that has no cure in the little bag of tricks the Medicine Men call private enterprise. see the invisible numbers searching them out, they look under the pillows, behind the doors, under the eyelids and even in a smelly They have regressed to the primitive, armpit. like picking the lice out of each' others' hair. see an angel in their midst, and she calls who drove the money to the numbers, "It is who destroyed It is changers from the temple. who erased the numbers It is the long house. But the numbers, crazed that held you captive." they nailed with fear, cry, "Crucify her", and her to the cross of rough justice and ignorance. Not until they had hidden her beneath a stone did the numbers become visible--not on the square card, not in the black file, but burned into the forehead. I, Sagit, saw and understood, for the signs heard the Angel of the times are on me, and say, "I will rise again on Mountain Moving Day." I I I I I I I ********************************************************************************** I WIFE ABUSE terms of criminal justice, for example, rape laws make it nearly impossible for a woman to convict her rapist. Police refuse to arrest and the courts refuse to restrain the wifeIn both areas, myths have beater. evolved to place the blame for these acts of men on the women they In rape, it's that women victimize. want to be raped, they lead men on, In wife-beating, it's they provoke it. that women are masochistic, they like to be beaten, they nag, they're frigid. Wife abuse, defined as physical violence against a woman by her husband or lover, is probably the most common and widespread form of male violence against women. Ten thousand cases of wife abuse are reported As with rape, the reported annually. cases represent only a small fraction of the actual cases. Until very recently, there was no public recognition of wife abuse. In the past year a dozen or so groups have organized around the issue, and the media has taken an interest. There is still very little feminist Wife abuse remains involvement. the domain of lawyers and social service professionals. The issues of rape and wife abuse are very related, and there is a growing need for feminist awareness. (In Thunder Bay, feminists clearly identified the need for services to abused women. However, City Social Services took over and assumed full control, leaving us with no place in either planning or function.) At the most basic,level, rape and wife abuse are related in that both involve acts of violence perpetrated In both cases, by men against women. In society condones these acts. In both cases, liberals characterize the perpetrators as sick. Stereotypes and myths concerning class and race shield white, particularly middle and upper class men from reponsibility for both rape and wife abuse. Black men, according to the common mythology, rape white women. This myth serves the dual purpose of directing white women's anger and fear away from white men while, at the same time, providing white men with a tool for oppressing black men. This myth persists despite the fact that the examination of crime statistics clearly reveals that most rapes occur within the same race. Similar myths also obscure the area of wife-beating. According to the stereotype, wife-beating is a phenonmenon of the lower classes. Thus, middle and upper class women are reluctant to reveal their abuse. StUdies have shown, however, that wife-beating is common to all classes, In Norwalk, races and at all ages. Connecticut, a community with a wife socio-economic range, the police received the same number of complaints of wife abuse as in a comThe County parable area in Harlem. Council in Montgomery County, Maryland, which claims to be the nation's wealthiest county, recently released a report which found that wife abuse was a serious problem in that county and recommended the establishment of a shelter home there. There won't be an attempt at this point to examine all the myths and stereotypes that abound concerning rape It is clear, however, and wife-beating. that there are parallels in the misinformation that has clouded both One effect has been to hide the areas. fact that violent behaviour is a typical and frequent response of men to women, and that all classes and races of men fully participate. Another effect has been to conceal the fact that women receive this abuse, not because their skirts are too short, or dinner's not ready on time, but merely because they are women. In terms of organizing tactics, there are many practical differences between rape and wife abuse. The hotline was the major activity of the early It provided a anti-rape movement. needed service, and, through victim contact, gave rape groups credibility and a base from which to organize. Its operation required a great deal of energy but little initial resource investment. Wife abuse does not lend itself to this tactic as well as rape does. The most pressing problem in wife abuse is often that the women do not have the resources to leave They need shelter their husbands. and food for themselves and their children in their transition period between leaving their husbands and establishing themselves independently. In this period she also needs assistance in finding a job and apartment as well as medical and Establishing a legal advice. project to meet these needs obviously requires substantial funding and organization. Most cities are extremely deficient in providing services Some public for abused wives. or private agencies that were contacted, stated that they would provide shelter but did so reluctantly and only for short, specified periods of time. The Salvation Army, for example, does not like to "break up homes" and cont'd page 6 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �that the majority of rapists ha O previously acquainted with thei the maximum stay is for three days. A paralegal who deals regularly with situations of wife abuse as part of her job at the Citizen's Complaint Center where police send women who want to take legal action, stated that she had no place to refer women for shelter. She knew of women who spent the night in the bus station to avoid returning home. Obviously, a hotline for abused wives could not function as a referral service. There is no place to refer. It could provide useful emotional support and information, but without concrete resources, would do little to help women escape their situation. There is the danger that it would serve just to further frustrate the abused women. Rape law reform also is a major organizing device in the anti-rape movement. Corroboration requirements and rules allowing evidence of a women's sexual history are obvious injustices and the solution of changing the laws seems equally obvious and attainable. There is no comparable area of law reform concerning wife abuse laws to rally around. On the books, it is as illegal to assault your spouse as it is to assault a stranger. Many jurisdictions provide wives with the additional remedy of a civil protection order (peace bond). Theoretically, if he violates it, he's held in contempt of court. On the books, a woman is - protected. In terms of wife abuse, it is the practice, not the law itself, that is unjust. Police won't arrest, prosecutors won't prosecute, and the courts won't punish. It is difficult to obtain evidence of this injustice since statistics on actual practice are rarely -"'kept. 'Therefore, unjust practices are harder to attack than unjust laws. Even if it could be attained, the reform of law enforcement and judicial practices is not necessarily a solution. Will criminal prosecution of a man, upon whom the woman is often financially dependent, really improve her situation? And even if she can survive without him financially, will he get bail or probation and emerge from the experience even more vicious? Aside from being more difficult than rape law reform, legal reform in the area of wife abuse has no well-defined area of overlap - rape in marriage. rwmainiii=vymmI . err ...m. This is a common, unacknowledged form of wife abuse. A woman is the property of her husband and this ownership gives-him certain rights. This summer, when According to the law, he has thethe Northern specific groups of working wren Women's Centre received a grant from as random households. In this w absolute right to have sex with her the Secretary State for a project even if it means sexual of violence. hope to be able to determine as of its choosing, was Because this right is not the onlychoice law as possible what the attitude of immediate and unanimous to find but has been wifely accepted, it is local women is to the idea of a out if and why how wife Thunder Bay could easy to understand abuse credit union. have a women's It If a credit husbandunion. has is also condoned. Fran here the next stage wi has became painfully apparent to all the right to be violent for one do the actual setting up of the of us how important is to have purpose (forced sex), it is a it small union. To do this, a group of 2 access to money. Many of the aims founding members and two signing leap to extend that right to include we in the movement are working witnesses will complete the appli other purposes. The great resistance towards, will never by realized for abond of assocation. Once th feminists have met in attacking until women have a firm footing in charter is received from the gov the marital exception in rape laws the financial world. A realistic of Ontario the union must elect gives an indication of the resistance and concrete step in this direction of governors; a credit committee to be expected when we challenge is through credit unions for women. will meet weekly to approve loan wife abuse. Toronto started one in November of applications; and a supervisory It is important for feminists to '75 and already it is moving forward committee which will conduct peri become involved. abuse affects at a very Wife encouraging pace. We are checks on the books of the credit vast numbers of women, many of whom fortunate in Thunder Bay for having A treasurer must also be elected; are trapped for economic reasons. the precedent established by the person should have a solid backgr Metro Toronto Warren's Credit Union. in accounting. Article by Lois Yankowski, Difficulties that they encountered By becoming a member of the Feminist Alliance Against Rape. in the formation of their credit union Credit Union League, the local wo Printed in the F.A.A.R. will not have to be repeated locally. credit union would be protected f Newsletters 1976. I was hired by the Northern possible failure and all those di Wren's Centre to determine the involved with monetary transactio 1..... feasibility of having a women's be bonded and insured through the credit union in Thunder Bay. The The credit union may be situ first thing I did was to go through the Northern Women's Centre in Thu a self-education programme so that Bay South where there is ready ac I could learn what credit unions are the local transit. To be a membe and have been. This involved reading cost only $5 which willpurchase a 1 . literature available in local libraries in the credit union. the history of credit unions and Having reached thispoint th their present status. I have also had Ion of the credit union will depend o to acquaint myself with the Credit commitment of the members and all Union Act and the Standing Committee financial support they can give. 1 Report on Credit Unions. I spoke to no reason why Thunder Bay cannot 1 people locally who are involved with successful women's credit union. Iexisting credit unions, and to the If you are interested in wor local Ontario Credit Union League this end please contact me, Laurie * Representative. I have also made a 524 N. McKellar St., 623-8577, or trip to Toronto where I saw the Northern Women's Centre, P.O. Box * operations there and spoke to the 622-3989. women who are actively involved in the ongoing functions of their credit union. While in Toronto I visited the headquarters of the Ontario Credit Report on the Credit ("Won 'ps purpose. 11111111 Both rape and wife abuse involve a woman's right to self-defence. One fourth of all murders occur within the family, and one half of these are spouse killings. The wife was the victim in 52% of these cases and the husband in 48%. In contrast, women are almost always the victim in cases of non-fatal abuse. It seems that often a woman's only recourse to her husband's attack is to kill him. Since most women can't fight well on a man's level, they just resort to the only level that is effective. In one celebrated Philadelphia case, a woman endured 20 years of repeated and severe abuse before she finally killed her husband during an attack. Judge Juanita Kidd Stout acquitted her of all charges and asked her why she had waited so long. Unfortunately, Union League where I gained valuable most judges are not that enlightened information. I am now in the process and women who do defend themselves of contacting the local media to let risk murder convictions. the women in the community know about Thus far in this article, rape and " the possibility of a women's credit wife abuse have been treated as union and what it would mean to the distinct but related issues. Howwomen of Thunder Bay and Northwestern BV ro there is one critical Ontario. A survey is currently in progress which will be distributed to 1 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �padding to enhance the male body. Somehow I can't quite see Stanfields, (for example) running expensive television commercials of a man wearing only provocative bikini shorts leaping around in public places, while a lascivious woman photographer captures this nymph on film from every possible angle as the commentator talks about being "uplifted, padded and pointed to make a more beautiful you". According to a group of women who made a study of the Eaton's catalogues from the late 1800's to 1974, they (the catalogues) reflect the values, wants and expectations of the current society. It would be really sad to believe that the 1975 edition depicts people as they either see themselves or would like to see themselves. `1""\ dye- AA N-2.- - Josephine Stadden Reprinted from UP, Lethbridge Women's Place publication. Hands Off The Family Allowance No Increase in Baby Bonus The $220,000,000. Baby Bonus increase we were all expecting has fallen victim to the government's "antiinflation program". Why have they seen fit to make one of their biggest cutbacks from the pittance they give mothers? As always, we women are the ones expected to do without, to put outselves last, and sacrifice "for the good of others". WHAT BETTER WAY FOR TRUDEAU TO LAUNCH HIS "LOWERED EXPECTATIONS, WAY OF LIFE" THAN BY TAKING MONEY AWAY FROM MOTHERS, THE SYMBOLS OF SELF-DENIAL: We refuse to be a Good Example We know it means EVEN MORE WORK, AND LESS FOR OURSELVES AND OUR CHILDREN. It also means we are more of a discipline on the men so many of us depend on. Nurses said "dedication won't pay the rent" and have fought for well-earned increases across the country. Teachers are refusing the blackmail of paying for cutbacks in education and are going on strike. All round us others are demanding their share of society's wealth which our UNPAID WORK IN THE HOME HELPS CREATE. We want our increase too And we need it more than most. Many of us are sole-support mothers and $36.00 a year per child - little as it is - does make a difference. Much more than anyone with a 10% surtax on their $30,000. salary can begin to imagine: And for those of us with husbands, the Family Allowance is often THE ONLY MONEY WE CAN CALL OUR OWN, the only recognition that we WORK in our homes. Trudeau's cutbacks in Family Allowance represent a widespread effort to make women pay for the present crisis. On top of all the unpaid work we do in our homes, we are faced with: - HIGHER PRICES which mean more work shopping for bargains and more time in the kitchen - A GROWING WAGE GAP between women and men in the paid labour force, and tougher policing of women on UIC - ELIMINATION OF GOVERNMENT-FUNDED PROJECTS (LIP, CYC, OFY) which provide wages for young people (many of whom are women) and sustain community services for children, old people, immigrants, etc. - CUTBACKS IN DAYCARE SUBSIDIES which mean more work finding adequate childcare or looking after our children ourselves - CUTBACKS IN SOCIAL SERVICES which jeopardize the wages of many women and throw the burden of the work back in the home - MORE HARDSHIPS FOR WOMEN ON FIXED INCOMES like the sick and the aged who are expected to live on next to nothing after a lifetime of hard work WE WOMEN ARE AN EASY TARGET BECAUSE WE ARE SO USED TO WORKING WITHOUT PAY IN OUR HOMES AND FOR LOW PAY OUTSIDE. But we don't intent to stay at the bottom. Let the government go after the banks and the corporations - they have more than us: WE DEMAND: THE FAMILY ALLOWANCE INCREASE AS SCHEDULED THE REMOVAL OF FAMILY ALLOWANCE FROM TAXABLE INCOME And we won't be satisfied with only a pittance for mothers - all women need more money, MORE POWER, to fight the lower standard of life Trudeau has in mind for us all. WE DEMAND WAGES FOR HOUSEWORK FOR ALL WOMEN FROM THE GOVERNMENT. Wages for Housework Committee Toronto PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor GER7r °AS GOSPEL �WELFARE WOMEN = ALL WOMEN REDS TOOK INGS MANIFESTO Editors' Note The Redstockings Manifesto and the Wages for Housework issue engendered a great deal of dis cussion during one of our meetings. We (the Northern Woman) are not in complete agreement with either the article or the campaign, however we offer them both to our readers hoping you will respond with your opinions on these articles. After centuries of individual and preliminary political struggle, women are uniting to achieve their final liberation from male supremacy. Redstockings is dedicated to building this unity and winning our freeI. dom. Women are an oppressed class. II. Our oppression is total, affecting We are every facet of our lives. exploited as sex objects, breeders, domestic servants, and cheap labor. We are considered inferior beings, whose only purpose is to enhance Our humanity is denied. men's lives. Our prescribed behavior is enforced by the threat of physical violence. Because we have lived so intimately with our oppressors, in isolation from each other, we have been kept from seeing our personal suffering as a political condition. This creates the illusion that a woman's relationship with her man is a matter of interplay between two unique personalities, and can be In ,reality worked out individually. every such reT.tionship is a class relationship, and the conflicts between individual men and women are political conflicts that can only be solved collectively. III. We identify the agents of our Male supremacy oppression as men. is the oldest, most basic form of domination. All other forms of exploitation and oppression (racism, capitalism, imperialism, etc.) are extensions of male supremacy: men dominate women, a few men dominate the rest. All power structures throughout history have been maledominated and male-oriented. Men have controlled all political, economic and cultural institutions and backed up this control with physical force. They have used their power to keep women in an inferior position. All men receive economic, sexual and psychological benefits from male supremacy. All men have oppressed women. IV. Attempts have been made to shift the burden of responsibility from men to institutions or to women themselves. We condemn these arguments as evasions. Institutions alone do not oppress; they are merely tools of the oppressor. To blame institutions implies that men and women are equally victimized, obscures the fact that men benefit from the subordination of women, and gives men the excuse that they are forced to be oppressors. On the contrary, any man is free to renounce his superior position provided that he is willing to be treated like a woman by other men. We also reject the idea that women consent to or are to blame for their own oppression. Women's submission is not the result of brain- washing, stupidity, or mental illness but of continual, daily pressure from We do not need to change ourmen. selves, but to change men. 4E 40401c* "There but for fortune go you and I" summarizes well the relationship bet4E ween welfare women and other women. if The most slanderous evasion of 4E All of us derive our livlihood from all is that women can oppress men. * men and white male-determined The basis for this illusion is the 4E * systems upon which we have been isolation of individual relationships if forced to rely. What differs from from their political context and the woman to woman is not the quality of tendency of men to see any legitimate this relationship, this dependence, challenge to their privileges as 4E but rather its degree and extent. For persecution. 4 * women not on welfare, it is the husWe regard our personal experience,: band/father who preserves her place V. and our feelings about that experience 4/. and her role in the society, through .. whom she lives, upon whom she is as the basis for an analysis of our 4E dependent for financial and emotional We cannot rely on common situation. security. (Robin Morgan writes that existing ideologies as they are all 4E if the word "family" comes from the Oscan products of male supremacist culture. 4E famel, a servant, slave or possession; We question every generalization and * the word "father ", pater, means owner, accept none that are not confirmed by 4E 4E possessor, master). For women on our experience. if welfare it is the bureaucracy of the It welfare system itself that tries to Our chief task at present is to fill these roles. Public Assistance develop female class consciousness through sharing experience and public- if can be seen as the not-so-benevolent 4E dictator trying to keep women locked ly exposing the sexist foundation of It into their roles as child-bearer, all our institutions. Consciousnessraising is not "therapy", which implies * socializer, and homemaker. the existence of individual solutions * * Through the women's movement, we are and falsely assumes that the male4E female relationship is purely personal, if seeing a new relationship between * women on welfare and women in society but the only method by which we can ensure that our program for liberation 4E as a whole. Women can be class enemies It but remain caste sisters. Being women is based on the concrete realities of if is our caste - this means that whatour lives. 4E ever our place in society, it comes to 41E The first requirement for raising AL us via the men to whom we relate. The * fact of this dependence on men never class consciousness is honesty, in 4E changes; caste is permanent. Our class private and in public, with ourselves * however, has mobility and according to and other women. 4E if the man with whom we live, we can * rise or fall in the society's hierarch; VI. We identify with all women. We 4E define our best interest as that of 4E This creates a problematic set of the poorest, most brutally exploited 4E if relationships for women. While we woman. 4E might want to relate to each other as 4E sters, as people oppressed commonly We repudiate all economic, racial, if sisters, if by our caste, we operate out of very educational or status privileges that 4E different economic or class background' divide us from other women. We are It which divide and disturb us. These determined to recognize and eliminate 4E differences are real and cannot be any prejudices we may hold against * ignored in the discussion of women other women. 4E * uniting. 4E We are committed to achieving 11 A ruling class woman has privileges internal democracy. We will do whatever is necessary to ensure that every 4E unavailable to other women in the woman in our movement has an equal # society. She can use other women to if lighten her load, to ease her physical chance to participate, assume respon4E tasks, to take care of her children. sibility, and develop her political * Ruling class women have these privipotential. leges to some extent at the whim of * their men -- the freedom to pursue VII. We call on all our sisters to 41. other activities is not a guaranteed unite with us in struggle. 4E freedom, but a dispensation granted 4E if which can be taken back at any moment. We call on all men to give up The fact that this privilege has a 4E their male privileges and support It temporary quality, shows us that the women's liberation in the interest of 4E problems facing women are greater our humanity and their own. * than simply those of redistributing * privilege more equally in the In fighting for our liberation society. Privilege does not guarantee we will always take the side of women against their oppressors. We will not 4E certain rights -- the right of free 4E choice, self-determination, economic ask what is "revolutionary" or * independence. To discuss the "reformist", only what is good for Icr. women. 4E 4E 4E The time for individual skirmishes* has passed. This time we are going all the way. July 7, 1969 REDSTOCKINGS P.O. Box 748 Stuyvesant Station New York, NY 10009 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E 4E cont'd J PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �relationship between women only in terms of privilege is to obscure the fact that without the rights mentioned above, we all will be, in the end, dependent and powerless. All women are denied these basic rights. But lower class women have things to contend with in their lives that middle and upper class women are spared. Racism and poverty are obvious distinctions on the "privilege" scale. Even when the welfare recipient receives her check (which in is only about half of what she needs for the basic essen,tials of life, according to the latest government cost of living figures), it has come after long waits in dirty and understaff6d offices, after harrassment, endless personal questions and forms to be filled out to prove she is truly "worthy" of the money. The ultimate insult is that along every step of her life society says that it is doing her a favor - the favor of keeping her alive, but just alive and nothing else. The welfare system and its accompanyong myths operate to keep women divided and thereby powerless. It is difficult for women to get off the welfare roles because of the current recession -- and its accompanying lack of jobs - and totally inadequate child-care facilities. Middle class women with families are similarly trapped. If their husbands were no longer able to or willing to support them, they would be hard pressed to find a good job and to assure good care for their children. Ask any separated, divorced, or widowed woman. 1 1 1 future. The Iroquois People of the Longhouse know their Original Instructions given ito them in the Beginning: . 1 Mtn Motheu and thein 6L tens 6etect the chie.46, and remove them 4nom 1 oice when they 4ai2 the peopte. The Ctan Mothers ate the cu6todian6 1 /o4 the Land, and away think o4 the Unborn GenetationA. They neptaent Li4e and the Earth. Clan Mothet6! You gave uz Li4e - continue now to 1 place out 4eet on the night path." 1 1 1 1 1 / 1 1 Taken from: AWAKE & MOVE March 1971 "We tutn OWL attention now to the 6eniot women, the Clan Mothers Each nation a64ign4 them centain dutim. Fon the Peopte o4 the Longhocoe, the 1 1 Once again women who have natural similar interests (self determination, decent and fulfilling lives and jobs, financial security, etc.) are going to be pitted against each other and made to feel they are on opposite siies of a barrier. This is said to us by Kaianerekowa, the Great Law of Peace given to the Iroquois. You are what your mother is. The ways in which you see the world and all things in it are through your mother's eyes. What you learn from the fathers comes later and is of a different sort. The chain of culture is the chain of women linking the past with the 1 Anna Mae Pictou Aquash was born and Iraised on the Micmac reserve called Shubenacadie in Nova Scotia. Her sister says that life in Shubenacadie is much better than that which the Western reserves in Canada and the U.S. experience: at Shubenacadie, everyone is on welfare. Since no one has a job excepting for pickup government jobs for a few months out of the year for a few people, having everyone signed up and receiving welfare is quite a social accomplishment for the bureaucracy. Anna Mae had a talent for infusing humor into even the most grim of circumstances, and was considered a magician in turning government food commodities into very palatable meals. "She was a bright woman," Isaid Nogeeshik, "spirit-minded and strong-willed. She wanted to make some sort of mark so that her children would not have to grow up the Iway she had been forced to live." In time, living with her husband and two daughters, life on the reserve became too oppressive, too devoid of options. At Shubenacadie, 4Nocri04.....0.10411.00.m..004....0.=... an essential ingredient of life was The Brave Hearted Wonten in short supply: hope. Nogeeshik explains how Anna Mae felt: "There isn't much hope in looking towards picking in the potato fields and blueberry fields for a proud people. The way the world is made her suffer, because she was sensitive and had strong feelings." She had dreams to be educated someday and to get a job working with children, maybe as a teacher. To be a teacher of children is at the same time both the most prosaic and the most awesome of aspirations: for someone from Shubenacadie to aspire to an Anglo-certified teacher's degree was like seeking the Nobel Prize. "The Pinat de6cent o4 the Peopte o4 the Five Nation 6hatt tun Ln the 4ema2.e tine. Women 6hat2 be conLidened pnogenitou o4 the Nation. They 6hatt own the Land and the Soil. Men and Women 6hait 4ottow-the 6tatu6 o4 thein Mothen." There are traditional migratory patterns that trace the paths of native peoples from their home communities to one city, and then perhaps another city and another - and of course, back again. Boston is a funnel from Canada and much of the northeast for those who do not go directly to New York City and Brooklyn. Anna Mae went south to Boston with her family when life at Shubenacadie failed to bring answers to their needs. She got a job as a teacher's aide in a prekindergarten child-care center for black children in the Roxbury area. Unlike so many native children in Canada and the United States, Anna Mae had not been removed from her family and shipped hundreds of miles away to a boarding school. She had escaped the aching loss of family and she had also avoided the indoctrination efforts of the boarding schools. Native children by the thousands in both countries serve time for as many as twelve years in federal schools geared to their gradual and eventual assimilation of the Anglo way of life, the untimate solution to the "Indian Problem". Anna Mae did not have to choose between being a secretary, a domestic servant, a hospital attendant or a cosmetologist - the traditional range options for boarding school girls. She did not view her future as a choice between being employed as a menial or living on a reservation where even those minimal skills are superfluous. Instead, Anna Mae Pictou dropped out of school in the 9th grade, perhaps it having had something to do with changing from an all-Micmac reserve school to a mixed high school with Anglos. She became involved with the Boston Indian Center and was sent by the center to Washington, D.C., at the time of the Trail of Broken Treaties when the Bureau of Indian Affairs headquarters was trashed. The white male-dominated media focussed their attention on who they determined were the leaders and organizers that is native males. Their cameras and tape recorders only grazed the faces of Martha Grass from Oklahoma or Ann Jock from Akwesasne, or the many strong women who like Anna Mae Pictou breathed life into an idea. The expressed themselves in this way: "We ate the Kwenonkwaonwe, the Indian women o4 thus continent. From the 4emate -.de o4 we extend out Zi4e 6uppott to out chitdten .04 thee tennitonieL in North Ametica. We have much work to do. Out pmition with out people and nothing can 6tand -Ln out way to 4ut4itt out job: to tell the peopte o4 earth c)4 out swtv.Lvat and to expo6e the genocide being done to Native Ametican nations by the U.S. Government. We mu6t do th,iis 4on we cane {yon out childten." Yet credit for the love of all people for their children is sometimes not accorded as a universal sentiment nor is the commitment to the survival of one's children recognized by some people. For native peoples of North America, since the Pilgrims arrived, this has far too often meant the wholesale abduction of their children, to be raised by Anglos in their own image. Native peoples see no dimunition of this fearsome practice. Bernice Appleton, an officer of the Native American Children's Protective Council chartered in Michigan, tells us that "There is a shortage of white babies for adoption, so since not too many whites want black babies, they are coming for the next - and that's India. These agencies are going into Indian homes and telling them their homes are unfit because they have two children, or three children, sleeping in one bed. It isn't necessary for cont tt 'd 11 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ves Indian children to have one bed apiece. in Canada, children needing I don't even think it's goodhomes for are removed from theirapart. communities andOur children children to sleep learn sharing right from the start." 0 $ PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �A MOTHER ASKS PRESIDENTIAL PARDON Mr. President: My name is Berdina Holder. I am frbm the Waco Band of Sovereign Wichita Nation. My age is 55 years old. I have been blessed with ten children and 16 grandchildren, all of whom I love and cherish as any mother or grandmother of any race. I am writing to you in behalf of my son, Stan Holder, and the other Wounded Knee defendants. As Stan's mother, I feel great pride and honor that my son has dedicated his life's work to effect beneficial change for Indian people. Am I wrong to believe this is the same pride and honor White Americans feel for the founding fathers of the United States Government in this the Bicentennial Year? I ask you, Mr. President, what do Indian People have to celebrate? We have been cheated and robbed out of all the most precious gifts the Creator blessed us with. Our Nations, our homelands, our religions, our languages, our traditions are now at the point of extinction. Lost to us now are our systems of self-government and true Indian self-determination. Do you realize that Indian people have given much and are giving more every day to the growth of this country you call yours? Do you realize that Indian people - men, women and child ren across Indian Country - are threatened by open hostilities from your courts and law-enforcement agencies every day? I am a praying woman; I prayed lives would be better for the Indian people. I said nothing, as I watched the promises and agreements that were made to us being broken. I read of the treaties that were never honored. We number 800,000 people - we have the highest suicide rate, we have the highest alcoholism rate, some of our people live in conditions that make your ghettoes look like a paradise. We are people that have no place to go and it makes my heart sad. My son, Stan, spent two years in Viet Nam on the front line; he was_in the Marine Corps for six years. He received an honorable discharge from the Corps for medical reasons. He was wounded near Da Nang while attempting to get ammunition for his company. He fought for the liberation of a people that wanted to be free and live in their own way. Yet when he came home, he realized his own people were being threatened, war was being waged upon them in the form of assimilation, discrimination, greed and outright theft and murder. He began to realize all the treaties that had been made with the Indian Nations had been broken; 371 treaties ratified by the United States Congress and each signed by a United States President - these all turned to words with no meaning because they were not honored. Our people stood up at Wounded Knee and were willing to give their lives to effect changes for Indian people. Does that make my son and others fugitives to be imprisoned for their actions? What more can you want from me and my people? My ways are poor. I am a pitiful and humble woman in every way. The only wealth I have are my people, my family, my children and grandchildren. One of your FBI agents came to see me last spring. He told me I had two children that were at odds with the United States Government but by July of 1976 the Government would have it all straightened out. Can you tell me what he meant? I was afraid to ask him. Did he mean that the Government would honor all 371 treaties and that things would be good for my people again? Or did he mean that my children would be killed or improsoned? This causes me great concern for the safety and well-being of my children. Some must have felt there wasn't enough pressure on my family, because the FBI harasses us, questioning us, even our small children, questioning our friends, searching their houses for my son. For Fugitive Son & Other Convicted Native Activists All my people are asking for is freedom and justice. What is there for Indian people? Our first treaty was signed in 1778, not quite 200 years of empty and broken promises. Mr. President, you granted exPresident Nixon a full pardon for all the things he did pertaining to Watergate. He never came to trial. Amnesty was granted to the Viet Nam draft dodgers and deserters. I am a proud Indian woman, but I am humbling myself before you and the leaders of your Government. I am asking that you, as President of the United States, grant, my son, Stan Holder, full amnesty, and all full pardons and amnesty to all the defendants of Custer '73, Scottsbluff '73 and Wounded Knee '73. I ask for full pardon for Carter Camp, Leonard Crow Dog, Russell Means, and full amnesty for Dennis Banks who is fighting extradition, because if he is sent I saw my son back to the Dakotas, he will be killed. in June 1975, and this is what he thought would happen to him if he went to prison - HE WOULD BE KILLED. These are some of our leaders who are doing the best they can tb better the lives of the Indian People. Mr. President, give us something to celebrate this your Bicentennial Year by granting in a good way the amnesI will continue to ties and pardons I have asked for. pray for my son and all Indian people who face these I also ask my terrible things I have written about. people when they go to the tipi meetings and other places to pray for the Indian Nations and the Creator to make way for us. Sincerely yours, Berdina Holder 1204 S. 25th St. Lawton, Oklahoma 73501 Taken from: Early Summer, 1976 AKWESASNE NOTES NOTICE NORTHERN WOMEN'S CENTRE INCORPORATED First Annual Meeting Evaluation of the Centre and elections to fill any vacancies on the Board of Directors. PLACE: Sept. 16, 1976. CRISIS HOUSING COMMITTEE First Annual Meeting PLACE: -T(...V4As 41. tor" g41..houstos.,V\t. erVACJI. VemP\4 ..e1Mr44N^ \410 120 W. Amelia St., (back entrance) TIME: and Elections 120 W. Amelia St., (back) 9:00 p.m. SHARP! Sept. 16, 1976. ALL WOMEN WELCOME - YOUR SUPPORT AND DIRECTION IS NEEDED! PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �BRIEFS VITAL STATISTIC S RAPE CANBERRA -- The south Australian State Labor Government has decided to outlaw what it terms marital rape. Under the proposed legislation, a husband could be charged with assaulting his wife if he acted as if the marriage contract implied ownership of his spouse with the right to demand sexual intercourse at the husbands will. The south Australian Gov. says if a wife claimed rape against her husband, police would investigate and lay fcharges. The attorney-general concedes s that it may be difficult to prove any such claim of marital rape. NEW CITIZEN ACT Canada's new nationality law, Bill C-20, was passed in July. The new Act implement several recommendations of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women, which include: - The alien husband of a Canadian wife now has to fulfill the same residency requirements, that is, three years, as the alien wife of a Canadian husband. - Either the father or the mother of a minor child may now make application to obtain their child's Canadian citizship. - For the next two years, a parent may apply for Canadian Citizenship on behalf of a child born abroad to a Canadian mother under the present Such persons are not Citizenship Act. now Canadian,citizens unless their father was Canadian at the time of their birth. - Women who lost citizenship through marriage prior to 1947 can now recover it automatically upon notice to the Minister, whereas previously they had to reside in Canada, make an application and take an oath. TOPS IN NUMBERS Clip and save this for the next time you hear someone say that women have no head for numbers: Of the 560 Chartered Accountants who received their diplomas last month in Ont., 39 were women. Top student was Patricia Ursell of Toronto. Linda Ablett shared second place honours Women's Bureau with Kevin Dancey. Newsletter, March 1976 NI IC) RC; ENTALER The government continues its brutal harassment of Dr. Henry MorgIt has postponed a retrial entaler. for performing an illegal abortion ordered by Justice Minister Basford Forward 1976 until next Sept. OLYMPICS The modern Olympics were eighty years old when the 21st Olympic Games opened in Montreal on 17th July this The first Olympics in modern year. times were held in Athens in 1896. A long period of discrimination ended in 1928 when women were allowed to take part for the first time. Women Of The Whole World No. 2, 1976 An amendment to the Vital Statistics Act on May 25, 1976 had made it legally possible for a couple to give their child a hyphenated last name combing the last names of the mother and father, provided that the father's name comes first. Under the old law, all children born within a marriage had to take the surname of their mother's husband, even in cases where the mother had chosen to retain her own name after marriage and wished to pass it on to her children. Children born out of wedlock would previously take their mother's name unless the father swore out a statutory declaration of paternity, in which case the infant had to take the father's surname. KISS YOUR FREEDOM Mon. July 13, 1976 a Toronto judge decided that a public kiss is an indecHe fined two men $50 each ent act. for kissing at the corner of Yonge and CPP The Canada Pension Plan will now be shared equitably between spouses upon dissolution of the marriage, and upon death of a woman her spouse and children are entitled to CPP earnings. However, there is stil no provisions for a homemaker to accumulate her own pension separate from her husband. A government spoke man stated that homemakers do not wor therefore are not entitled to a C.P.F As you can see, there is a great neec to raise the consciousness of certair government officials and representatives. UP, June 1976 WOMEN'S., PROGRAM The Secretary of State money for Women's Programmes has been increasec from $200,000 to $500,000. It was pointer out by one of the delegates at the NAC conf. that this was a measly sum when compared to a bill ion dollar increase in the defense budget. National Action Report l Bloor. No it wasn't because they were two men. The judge agreed that the case couldn't be decided on those grounds. The act itself was found to be indecent. Now every So now there's a precedent. public kiss is an indecent act, every embrace an offence. Now theres a crime where there was none before. Justice's face should be red over this one. Gay Alliance Toward Equality and The Body Politic -.GOODBYE CHANGES SOUGHT The Federation of Women Teachers' Associations of Ont. would like to enlist the support of N.A.C. member organizations to change the Unemployment Insurance Act so that an adopting parent may obtain benefit to the same extent as a natural mother. A pregnant working woman who has sufficient weeks of insurable employment during the year prior to her confinement receives a maximum of 15 consecutive weeks of benefit around the time of her confinement from the UIC. A working woman who adopts a child receives no benefit. FWTAO wants this discrepancy in treatment of working women removed by permitting the adopting parent to obtain benefit under the UlA for the same length of time as a natural mother. We would welcome the support of individuals and member organizations of the National Action nn Committee on the Status of Women to bring about such a change. NAC on the Status of Women, 40 St. Clair Ave. E. Suit 300, Toronto, Ont. RAPE---Flow the law has changed 1. A judge mus'p21_12201 instruct th jury that uncorroborated evidence is dangerous to accept and that corroberations of a rape victim's testimony is needed to obtain a convictic 2. The victim may no longer be quest ioned as to her past sexual experience unless a written request is file and it can be shown that this information is necessary to defend the acc used. However the resent law still does not cover the o lowing. (1) Rape is still considered a sexua offence rather than an assault of a violent nature and therefore implicates the victim. A male cannot be raped. (2) (3) A husband cannot rape his wife. This gives no protection to a wife who is separated from her husband and or seeking a divorce. In addition, husbands do assault their wives and such assaults often take the form of assaults on their sexual organs. Therefore the defense of marriage should be abolished. (4) The present section 146 assumes that a person between the ages of 16 and 14 years is unable to consent to the act of sexual intercourse. Although this may be seen as a protection for young people, the clause "of previously chaste character" tends to cancel out any actual protection whic is meant to be afforded by the sectio (5) It should be up to the victim to request a closed court if she feels the necessity. The open court system protects the civil rights of an accused. In addition, closed rape trial only perpetuate the attitude that rap is a shameful and embarrassing crime to happen to a victim. Eudene Luther UP, June 1976 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �pia UNIIMINI MIMI= MINIMIE INININNIII MIN= 11 MINNS I INN.. 111 MINIMNI I MINN II s of Sole Support recently did it o support eady had and a ecogdidn't 1 STRIKING SKYWAY LUGGAGE WOMEN By SALLIE NEED SUPPORT SHUN The members of the Upholsters International Union struck Skyway Luggage April 5th for better wages and improved working conditions. Most of the 100 workers are immigrant women who presently earn from $2.80 to $3.10 per hour. At the same time their production is 700 pieces of luggage per day and the company's declared profit Mothers my of his worthme.Then some money pay me ey gave d direct last year was $10.7 million. The workers need the support of other workers and particularly their sisters in the form of picketing, leafleting, fund-raising and organization. A Skyway Luggage workers' defense committee has been formed to organize support. ined nt to he is, ncec e. wowst %....) Tt. ®. t INN lnau,seNvkab\lass (It? j So when you talk about crisis, know always cringe,because what you're talking about is tak= ing something else away from me. We have to cut back social services, we have to cut back education and health care.What does that mean, Mr.Davis?It means you want us women to absorb the crisis! WellMemories are said before: tough. It's like a mind-blown We've got our own crisis,it's an economic crisis,it costs us a you lot.pick a Only this time we know where it's Remember .. coming from and we intend to do am runnin something about it I I rganr ages thing and tell us t good ut our kids the ? Well doing it ng,You are there's e sick Mr Davis, ome of thers having aving to m taken d cheating ks,and es heard'of who ener coat. e one ot of not an 8 hour rs without pay. as work, charity ect us to r tried living when you l with holes ants to join nt afford fford the day ord a holiday. ight with the ay and night r there by your that has to do ford a baby-sitter -care is out work. d no to the vies and you've begin to feel ed and you lie T ABOUT ME... ive in all this misery that people call start to get mad ause you know its e,Your not a bum, our life you Its You MR DAVIS f your friends big business ren.You dont who care a mothers,and ers. ert. I I from sorrow,an We want more money and a better with an old shame life...We want to regain our dignity. Pay us for the work we do in up a grass-grown frail the home. We demand it that knows my bare 1.Parity with foster parents. brown feet. 2.Higher earning capacity for She is old, benefit mothers. 3.Free 24 hour community controlled her hair self cut day care. and grizzled grey, said before,I've just come her cotton shift off welfare...I took on a second bereft of vanity. job.I work in a distress centre for women and children.The women He left her there who stay with us there,come from before my time,and situations of marital breakdown, thay have often been married for went away with 10 to 15 years and they have noelse thing to show for it.No home, someone no furniture,no dignity and no money. She went strange, When they leave,they move into cuts her own wood apartments with their children... the welfare gives them beds and a and gathers hay for the cow. welfare cheque that is no where It's not your fault nearly enough to live on. It happens all the time and it's time that love dont last we did something about it...whatsometimes it just gets tired ever we are doing,whatever situation we are in,we are all exploited in of holding fast. the same way as unpaid houseworkers. It's wrong to live with one Because am now a community worker isn't to say that am not who cant abide you, still a housewife.I work for 8 the heart just turns to stone hours in the distress centre,then pick up my children and go home and lays inside you and work another 4 to 8 hours... two jobs,one paid one unpaid. So eighty spoke to nine If lose my job 171 be on welfare across the years As I I I , I again. as womem still to woman drying tears. The leaf has fallen, ) 411111MIKIINIIIWI0 the vision fades, the wisdom remains I MEM II 15 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �VOOK ItE'VIE 30 MUCH ANGER, TOO MANY TEARS: 04101i0.114)4iO4111110411INIIKIP04P1111=14)4111MMMI04111111111=114MMOWINNI THE PSYCHIATRY TRIP Many women who have emerged from careers as psychiatric patients have written about their experiences in therapy and hospitals. Typically these accounts end quasi-romantically with the woman being "cured" through the help of benevolent, usually male, psychiatrists, or with resigned helplessness to the conditions of despair and incarceration. Too Much Anger, Too Many Tears differs markedly from the tradition of this literature in that it strongly challenges the political nature of the psychiatric system and asserts the strength of one woman in the face of its corrosive practice. In the first section of the book, Janet relates in detail that is often painful, but never tedious, her entry into a ten-year-long career as a mental patient. Hoping to comprehend the pain and fear she experiences in growing to adulthood, she at first naively seeks help from psychiatrists. But she is taught to reify her experience, to regard her feelings as alien "symptoms" rather than as a part of the process of growing up. The anger this engenders, she is told, is part of her "illness" rather than a justifiable response to the self-deprecating view of herself she must take as part of her "treatment". With this convoluted load of mystification upon her, she steps into a cycle of hospitalizations, releases, readmissions, drugs, and electroshock. I could read this account only a few pages at a time, so-keenly did it evoke my anger resulting-From my own years spent in and out of psychiatric prisons. Janet experiences the full onslaught of the psychiatric jargon and paraphernalia used to convince those caught in its system that justifiable anger is "sick" and that despair is invalid and must be masked by dependency-fostering drugs, and that the answer lies in the cure of the individual by medical authorities. At this point the rage Janet experiences she turns against herself by feeling suicidal ,although there are glimmerings of the realizations she later makes. Yet the (male) shrinks who treat her are not portrayed as one-dimensional villians; they are overwhelmingly paternal, convinced of the power of psychiatry to "cure", and that the use of this power to coerce is justifiable. "After all, it's for your own good", "You have no other choice", Janet is to told when she is badgered into hospitalization and electroshock. Their self-righteousness and omnipotent posturing will provoke the wrath of any feminist. Paul, the man Janet meets, lives with with, and eventually marries, takes up the second part of the narrative. At first, aware of Janet's past as a mental patient and confronted by her anguish, he acknowledges some trepidation at the prospect of their life together. After a year spent trying to live a "normal" life together, Janet re-enters another cycle of hospitalization over the next several years and Paul, acting against the dictator of his better judgment, is also subject to the psychiatic mystification trip. He becomes a hesitant accomplice in perpetuation Janet's Career as a patient--driving her to her electroshock treatments, conferring with her doctor, and doling out her daily quota of mind-pills. Despite the strength of commitment between Janet and Paul they become resigned, along with family, friends, and doctor, to the idea that she is a chronic invalid. With so little basis on which to assert an identity as a strong and independent woman, 'Janet attempts suicide by overdosing, coming to in the hospital after a five-day coma. As a consciousness-taising tool, tl book is indispensable, especially feminists who haven't entirely disabused themselves of the notion thz mental hospitals can be "therapeuti places for people who fan't "function". And as straight personal narrative, it is inspiring as an expression of the strength of a won who ceases striving tomerely function and finds the-determination to live and survive. 1 In the third and final part Janet resumes her story, but with a profound difference. Janet writes of a moment some months after her suicide attempt, when the events of the past several years become meaningful. 'Thete has been despait,' By Tanya Temkin Taken from: Off Our Backs, June 1976 Too Much Anger, Too Many Tears: A Personal Triumph Over Psychiatry by Janet and Paul Gotkin Quadrangle/New York Times Book Co. $10:95 I whispened. 'That is pat oi out condition, to 6eet despait. That is what I am keting and it i4 black and it webs up inside you until you ket that you witt exptode with the heaviness o4 this sense youuet, atone, in th,(:)s un6eeting datkness that can be the woAtd...no amounts oi Thotazine wilt even make this ieeting go away. After acknowledgement of these all too human feelings, she feels rage at what has happened to her: COAMM)1010.0411111114 MIIIIND411111041 M page IL I had nevet been sick and 1 wasn't now. The who& idea o4 my Liana's and my eventuate cute were inventions o4 my oychiatti-Ds ... I Azmembeted, bittekty, the yeaA's of dtug-taking, dependency, shock treatment, set,6denigAation. In the succeeding months I teviewed my own ten -yeah hi6toAy, going aver the detaLbs with a new view, seeing it att, ttuey, 4ot the ,f_tst time. These realizations came to Janet suddenly, without any clear explanation. To alter But this is as it must be. profoundly your perception of life 1 and recognize its implications is harrowing, as those of us who have been through any kind of conscious1 ness-raising can attest to. And after years of having your every action, gesture and though under constant psychiatric scrutiny, there is a part of that germinal strength you must appropriate for yourself. Most importantly, Janet and Paul perceive the implications their experience has for others, and act on Janet could have merely them. harbored bitterness toward her past and chosen to dissociate herself from it completely. The prerogatives of private therapy and voluntary hospitalization derived largely from her middle-class status, but she recognizes the commonality of all of us who have been victims of psychiatric excesses-- that personal guilttripping, masked coercion, fostering of self-hatred and divisiveness are institutional tactics that everyone within the institution of psychiatry is subject to 1113 ';NIMIND.041111104MINNMI0114)11101101Eli011111.0411=114/4/1104Dellic for the volunteers from the confere A room has been obtained from Mc Ke hospital to set up an information centre there. A suggestion was made that we seek to arrange some k of co-ordination with Parents an&iiii and telecare, A motion made and acc4 A motion to pay baby-sitting fees fi mothers-on -budgets to attend counc meeting was approved. Coleen reported on Council of Women meeting at the Y.W.C.A.-a federal g They are in need of representation North Western Ont but we decided it of no advantage to us ,So Move' was Report on Crisis Housing Gert reported on visit to Kenora House. The Water St residence is fully functional and St Mary's will be operational in a few month The tarbutt St Houses are full 8 w omen and 22 children under schol age, WE are providing Pampers. 1 The womans Credit Union The student researching this projec for the Northern Women Centre is 1 hopeful] it will be ready to go in the fall. 1/Joan Farrow from Kenora who has been a committed member of the council since it's formation will replace Paula Edwards as Vice Chai 1 Joan is also on the sub-committee Iof the HERSTORY project IReport on Equal Pay Mickey Murray reports they will be going ahead in the fall with speakers and possibly a conference. The next meeting will be held in th 1 conference Dining Room at the colle Aug 21 from 10 to 3 pm. A wine and cheese party at Gert's place,a sle 1 over and a Sunday Corn Roast ()=1MINSIII PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �THE NORTHERN WOMAN 316 Bay St. Thunder Bay, "P" Ont. return postage guaranteed RETURN TO: Donna Shaw 627 S. High St. Thunder Bay P HAVE YOU MOVED? LET US KNOW PLEASE. THIS IS YOUR LAST ISSUE (We must pay postage on your returned paper in order to keep our mailing list YOUR SUBSCRIPTION IS up to date). DUEL PLEASE SUPPORT US 1 ,413.01610 09v4ow 3714)4p. ecit cyset 24).%#,AN, 4)\06 (six T.9su5) *3 22 YEAR. 02 BUSINESS OR INST 1 TurioN * 7 NAME GIFT. want to get involved? call 345-5841 any Tuesdays or Wednesdays ADDRE9S f DONATIONS GRATEFULLY ACCEPTED ../.101. I Free to one parent families Free to senior citizens PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 3 No 1 Description An account of the resource Vol. 3, No. 1 (1976) Title: The Northern Woman Topics include: Port Arthur clinic strike/unionization Letters to the editor Women’s studies programs Rape study Person’s Case 45th Anniversary Canadian Civil Liberties Association Critique of sexism in underwear advertisements Wife abuse Women’s Credit Union Baby bonus Wages for housework Redstockings Manifesto Welfare for women Native motherhood Classified ads Justice for convicted Native activists Canada Pension Plan Rape legislation Federation of Women Teachers Association Ontario Sole support mothers Skyway luggage strike Poetry Book review Crisis housing Equal pay Authors/Contributors: Tony Carfagnini Donna Williams E.M. Hall June Callwood Pierre Burton Hazel Clink Lois Yankowski Laurie Hill Josephine Stadden Wages for Housework Committee Toronto Berdina Holder Sallie Shun Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English