710 10 13651 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/d3193f0ad97c0dd9bfd74f19e20025bc.pdf c3706228e5effa593cecd630394453ae PDF Text Text The purpose of this Bulletin is to tell private owners of woodlots and marginal farm lands the story doctor in Fort William, Ontari.o , Dr. W. P. Hogarth, developed a tree farm in NorthwestIn addition, it is hoped that other material in this Bulletin will give woodlot owners some points to about. It is hoped to di·s courage the needless and unsound practice of ,cutting under-sized, immatrees for the sale of their products. Under-sized bolts or logs are 11ot economical to manufacture in aper mills and sawmills and the producer loses money by cutting small logs from ~hrifty young trees. It is worthwhile for timber lot owners or farmers with some of tteir land· producing trees to learn the tages of good forest management. Forests, which are managed, can be put on a permanent probasis and furnish the owner with a profit, year after year. Timber can, and shQuld be, treated rop. It should be grown on poorer lands, not rich enough for annual farm crops, but this land be kept • e ood products. ich YO U own is available from foresters private consulting foresters. a/ tJ <'/11,e,e ~ s -D i vision MaftMth.ons HELP ES IN THE ASSESSMENT ACT OODLOT OWNERS Go•91Jy 06, , an a da Ltd . wife suggested we aart a trcw .f~I!. the idek . P agraph 18 of Section 4 of the Assessment A.ct pretty good. - t' Q"ls ~ Tfdlt,~,e'd. V n tar IO states at "One acre used for forestry purposes for by WAUER P. HUGAR I A, AA . §. every ten acres of the farm in one municipality under e of trees rty where my experiments in reforestate consists of portions of Lots l and 2, .R., Township of Paipoonge. They are sslyn Road four miles from the western ty of Fort William and hence only about my home. of light sandy loam and the property st portion of the land in that neighbor- no creeks near it. Water was secured depth of 20 feet. Because the soil is passed over by the early settlers. a single ownership but not more than 20 acres in all" may be exempt from assessment. Section 33 ( 13) "Land used as woodlands within the meaning of paragraph 18a of Section 4 shall be assessed at the same value as it was immediately before set apart for such use and the assessed value thereof shall not be increased by reason of the growth of the timber thereon or be decreased after such timber has been removed." See your Municipal Clerk about your assessment and exemptions. hi~h came under my control, consisted h1ch I will describe as follows: Parcel acres. Part of it had been cleared es attempts had been made to grow much success. Parcel "B" is made of which had been cleared 111 and at :ed in hay and oats. Parcel C", an hich had never been cleared was sh. Over the years many large' trees for various purposes and in 1934 Very thoroughly cut over for cordrne ~nder my control in 1936 and rr_y its way by raising vegetables. t!ferent results owing to the poor P1te of the use of much artificial 8 _my wife suggested that I continued on Page 2) Dr. W. P. Hogarth in Red Pine stand ·planted in 1946 �PAGE 2 LOG BOOK STORY OF A TREE FARM sider trying to do something with trees. Her only information was that an uncle of hers, farming in Halton County, had secured trees from the Provincial Government for wind-breaks. My enquiries lead me to the Department of Lands and Forests, Toronto. From there I found that I could secure seedlings from their nursery at Midhurst. During the winter of 1938-39 I read what I could and askd for some red pine, hard maple, white and Norway spruce. I was a rank amateur and therefore did things the hard way. I selected a fairly open area in Parcel "C", well back from sight of passers-by and personally planted the red pine and the hard maple by digging out a piece of sod about 12 inches square and 4 inches deep and then slit spade planted the seedlings. Nearly all the pines caught and about 60% of the maples. Very few of the spruce caught. I watched the growth that first summer with real curiosity and a dream started to develop. I Had A Dream I am a native of this region and I can remember the stands of timber that were in existence around the turn of the century. I also realized that much of our area was fit for nothing but trees. As far as I could learn no one had ever tried to find out what could be done with reforestation . My dream was that I might experiment in a small way. If it was successful I might turn some of my own unproductive land into a long distance asset. Further, if I had any degree of success I might develop something which might convince the farmers of the district that it would be worth while to turn some of their unproductive land into real woodlots something that would enhance the value and in the' future would provide a regular income by timber farming. Parcel 11 C11 In the fall of 1939 I had the stumps removed from a secluded area of about 2 acres in Parcel "C" and had the land ploughed and dragged. In the spring of 1940 I had 1600 red pines planted in rows 6 feet apart, with the trees staggered in alternate rows. They were planted by the slit spade method and then left alone. About 50% of the red pine survived the winter. All of the maples and most of the spruce were winter killed. Animals were kept off the land and I had a fireguard 25 feet wide cleared, ploughed and dragged around this Parcel "C" with its 54 acres. Naturally I had to consider expense and labour costs and I still was trying to find out what could be done. In 1941 I brought in 5,000 white spruce and 500 Norway spruce and after the vegetables were planted I had the spruce seedlings planted by the slit spade method through the sod in scattered areas in the gaps between the natural growth of jack pine in Parcel "C". But this experiment was almost a total failure. It was a very dry season and the seedlings were late in being planted although they had been kept heeled in. I was rather surprised, seven years later, to note that many of these spruce seedlings were now 6 to 12 inches high. Why they could lie dormant so long and then start to grow is beyond my knowledge. Each year since, I find more evidence of young spruce until now there are several hundred ranging from 6 inches to 3 feet in height. Red Pine Planted in 1940 by Dr. Hogart i In December 1947 I used one of the tre in 1940 for a Christmas tree and found that cut off sor:ne of the trunk to get the tree int ing-room where the ceiling height" is 9 feet, Parcel "C" was doing all right. Parcel "A" Parcel "A" had been unproductive for so I kept seeking information and felt that a of white spruce was in order. It had bee successively with oats, rye and barley in an kill out the couch grass. Finally potatoes planted and well cultivated, but the couch out. In the spring of 1942 I had the east this section dragged and then planted 3,0 spruce in stagger~d rows by the slit spa Rather to my surprise there was about an No cultivating was done as I was desiro experiment. It looked so well that in 19 other 5,000 white spruce planted in this nearly all caught except for a small area w a raspberry patch. It took three and fou eventually fill in this berry patch. The growth the first few years was now averages about 12 inches per year grass is nearly all gone and I am very stand. In 1945 I received a request aski the Department of Lands and Fo~ests t was in Toronto. Rather apprehensive, I Park and eventually found myself befor ial who seemed very anxious to find ou ing with the seedlings secured. I was and relieved when I was told that t~ questioning was that I had brought 1 from Midhurst than all the rest of aria put together. This official want I was up to and why ? Late~ the_ D put up signs on my place designating strati on Plantation". • Naturally I put up the be_st sto phasized the necessity of an inten forestation in our area. I also st 5 ion, this program wo~ld fail un ess ablished in our district. My ex that seedlings from Midhur st were ing a few weeks before we •in our of them and this delay did th e se (Continued on Pa re �\ I LOG BOOK {/l (1) ~ r 1-4.) ~a, tll ct ~ 0 p., .s:: 0 logart~ DIAN TREE FARM PROGRAM UNDERTAKEN E CANADIAN FORESTRY ASSOCIATION e Canadian Forestry Association has formed a I Tree Farm Committee with representatives dustry and Government being members of the ee. Local committees are being formed in vars of the province. These committees will have foresters included in their membership and sponsible for certifying a TREE FARM. Certifisigns will be presented to owners of farms ify. I hoped to encourage al woodlot owners to d Tree Farm Management practices on their A minimum of three acres of woodland is 0 be certified as a Tree Farm. farms will be certified after nomination by farm committees when owners agree to mainfor growing forest crops; to protect land adagree that cutting practices will be satisensure future forest crops and permit inspec·· mittee foresters . would like your woodlot certified, please pplication to the Editor of this booklet and it to the Canadian Forestry Association ED READING FOR OT OWNERS ICAL WOODLOT MANAGEMENT"-.. ... The Forests Soundly and Profitably by A. M.S.F., is a well illustrated and practical woodlot owners. Farmers, settlers and woodlot owners in Northwestern Ontario cure a copy of this booklet, please write of the LOG BOOK, 3 Tomlinson Block, tario. re below shows an age comparison beof wood. The small stick, at an age of t from a tree yielding only one stick at a time when the tree was growing larger stick is twice as old, 39 years, st l O times as much wood volume. hically shows that it is not always tree just because it is merchantable. 19 years the volume of PAGE 3 PRICES RISE AND FALL Trees are a crop and the forest products grown from trees are affected the same as other farm crops by market conditions. If there are plenty of potatoes available then the price of potatoes goes down. If potatoes are · scarce then the price goes up. This business principle the law of supply and demand affects pulpwood, lumber, etc., in the same way as everything else. Since the war, prices for pulpwood, lumber, etc., have risen sharply and the demand has been great. However, last year due to a decrease in demand for pulp <the manufactured pulp) and w i th a record cut in 1951-52 largely due to almost perfect weather conditions, pulp and paper mills throughout Canada had large inventories of wood on hand. These inventories are being used up and this has resulted temporarily in a weaker market demand. In the case of lumber, the demand has lessened for similar reasons. When the demand decreases, the lowest cost production localities supply a greater share of this limited market, and the high-cost sources get less. So competition develops, not only between different parts of Canada but among woodlot farmers and others in each area. However, farmers and other private woodlot owners have one great advantage in situations of this kind. Tree crops mature gradually over several years. They do not, as in other farm crops, have to be sold at a set time annu(:)lly, regardless of market conditions. Instead, trees continue to grow for some years even after maturity, thus permitting a woodlot owner some choice as to when and how he wi 11 sel I. The long-term outlook for all forest products is very good here. Effort, started now to develop woodlots, is bound to pay off in future years. This is true for all commercial trees growing here, -including poplar and birch. FOREST MANAGEMENT DISCOVERED ON A PRIVATELY OWNED WOODLOT IN THE LAKEHEAD AREA There are some woodlot owners in the Lakehead area who are practising Forest culture and Forest Management on their woodlots. One example of this is Carl Sandberg. Carl lives on Lot 59, Concession B, Dawson Road, and owns the adjoining Lot 36, Concession I. He has owned the latter lot since 1938 and the former one since 1932. Both lots (approximately 150 acres) w e r e wel I timbered at the ti me he obtained them from the Crown. He has cut an average equivalent of 75 to l 00 cords per year from these lots and he asserts that there is more merchantable wood on them now than when he acquired them. A short trip through the property with Carl will quickly convince a critical observer that Carl is practising good forest management dn his woodlot. He cuts only the mature and over-mature trees and does not strip any area. He takes care to not damage the young growth. He has also done a considera_bel amount of pruning and thinning in the immature timber. He is aware that certain spots are more suitable for a different species than is now growing there and is trying to promote suitable stocking on such spots. Carl is convinced that Silviculture on an individual woodlot is good business; he is practising good Forest Management for his own benefit .. �LOG BOOK PAGE 4 HOW DO YOU GO ABOUT GETTING TREES ? The Forestry Act of 1952 and regulations made under this Act outline the steps to take in getting trees from the Department of Lands and Forests. Nursery stock may be secured for: (a) establishing a wood or shelter belt. (b) for enlarging a wood or shelter belt. (c) for replenishing a wood or shelter belt. Anyone wishing to plant trees on private land should contact the local _ District Forester and ~ request a copy of Form l . 11 Application for Nursery Stock tp be furnished . in re11 spect of Private Land. . The Department of Lands and Forests -forester will visit your farm or land and advise you on the speci~s of tree to be used and assist you in any other way : : possible. The company to which you sell your pulpwood will also be glad to advise. The Department of Lands and Forests forester will visit your farm or land and advise you on the species of tree to be used and assist you in any .o ther way_ possible. The company to which you sell your pulpwood will also be glad to advise. The charge for nursery stock is: (a) $14.00 F.O.B. nursery per l 000 Scotch Pine or (b) $10.00 F.O.B. nursery per 1000 of other species. Each spring there are l to 2 weeks of relatively idle time- after break-up and before spring ploughing can start. This is the time to plant trees. ORDER TREES THIS FALL FOR SPRING DELIVERY DON'T DELAY ACT NOW ! STORY OF A TREE FARM (Continued from Page 2) I do not know just how much influence my visit had, but in 1946 the Department of Lands and Forests purchased property across the Rosslyn Road from mine and established the Thunder Bay Nursery for Northwestern Ontar.io. Incidentally the co-operation extended by the Department is a wonderful help. Parcel 11 B" By this time I was convinced red pine and white spruce would grow well on my soil but that it was quite apparent the best results would be with red pine. Outside of one s m a I I unsuccessful experiment with larch, I have concentrated on red pine since and have gradually filled in Parcel "A". Parcel "B" is completely planted with red pine. This larger area which had been in grass for :3 Animals have been kept out and the area prot fire-guard. The natural growth of jack pine h excel lent and the scattered bare areas are 9 filling in with the aid of Nature. I can see th going to have to do some selective thinning very; ly. My Experience First, if anyone is starting a new plantati plenishing a woodlot he should get expert pra vice on what and how to plant. The method of planting is important. If has been cultivated, a single furrow and sl planting is satisfactory. If the land has bee cultivated the slit spade method alone is suffj sod, i' have found the best results are from and disGqrding about a square foot of sod and spade •p_lanting. On my particular soi I I have found tha grows well, the white spruce fairly well. Ja outgrow the spruce as proven by a few oft into my spruce plot on their own. Norway larch, black locust, Carolina poplar and have all been failures; a poor catch, then wi I have found this work, now 14 yea inception, to have been very fascinating as which has given me a great deal of healt recreation as I have planted many thousa seedlings myself. I am satisfied that with very little e and practically no expense in money that a farm can very quickly convert the p uctive portion of his property into a reve asset for the future. It can be done a planting is over and I have found that virgin soil and plant 50-60 seedlings in up to l 00 in prepared soil or ploughed cost of the seedlings is negligible. -Reprinted from "Forest - ·- - - 0 - - Smart young man seeing a very ol a tree. "Old man, why are you planting t never live to enjoy it." Old ma.n: "I've enjoyed the shade planted by someone before I was born years permitted a different sort of planting. A single furrow was ploughed about 4 inches deep and then the seedlings were planted in this furrow. During the last 3 years about 20,000 red pine seedlings were planted jn this manner. Parcel "C", the original jack pine plot has been left alone except for the two acres area of my 1940 planting of red pine and the spruce planted in 1941. TREES ARE A CR � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log Book - Timber Operators' Association Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1953TreeFarmLogBook Title A name given to the resource Log Book - Tree Farm 1953 Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Log Book, published by the Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association. Tree Farm 1953. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1953 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Shared with permission of the Ontario Forest Industries Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/4b3957db9772a8ef39886fffccffd5bc.jpg 874bc178e8ab2d973ebb67cb951f75fc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log boom Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Business and Industry Communities in Northwestern Ontario Description An account of the resource Log boom. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context NODA_M-52-5 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/924ae551fa6ffe5a09480052e6ae1e9c.jpg 7de2ce15c8226ad32f30f2ce4163d80b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log drive Subject The topic of the resource Business and Industry People Description An account of the resource Log drive down Hazelwood Creek, 1923. People in photo: (front, centre) Kalle Taskinen, Niili Hietapakka. Donor: Martha Ranta. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1923 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D12Ci47 scan#111019 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Thunder Bay 1923 Hazelwood Creek Kalle Taskinen log drive loggers Niili Hietapakka https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/0dbadce465cf4c1ca8c854ff96fd96a1.jpg e2d3e6b87e20b9c203e8fcd89b0b2b6d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ken Armson fonds Subject The topic of the resource Forestry Description An account of the resource A collection of thousands of photographic slides depicting Ken Armson's work in the field of forestry, 1952-1995. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952-1995 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource These images have been digitized and shared on this site with permission. Most are still under copyright. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photo Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log drive. Silviculture 489 534 Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Log drive in Quebec Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1961-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ken Armson-silviculture-489 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Quebec https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/ef50254c336103e551a8c0969e25b26b.jpg d4f037a17e1f26fe4f4e06237c71791d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log driving Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Business and Industry Communities in Northwestern Ontario Description An account of the resource Logging driving. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northwestern Ontario Development Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context NODA_M-51-6 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/b49ea6c15e2b7a17bf94104f1579b805.jpg 305424262447fd17eb4e3417c5d0050f https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/3261d794e524b334e8519b46d5466d03.jpg 0b52f5497eb93c6879fedc0ae17709f4 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/74ce3f7c47b62727cf5760806e36af44.jpg 778b38fbba47d2ed962eac2289db604c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log House Subject The topic of the resource Architecture Description An account of the resource Log House, rural area of Thunder Bay. 3 copies. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D14Ai72 MG8_D14Ai72a MG8_D14Ai72b Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Thunder Bay Log House Rural Thunder Bay Unidentified Person https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/4477310c1350ba118b80de5941411dda.jpg f72b7acec0ecc19723f21ff643286489 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/b089a3b24546da64d91f38000d3b143d.jpg dcb75904c5b451ce6d15632b75d04b98 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log house Subject The topic of the resource Architecture Description An account of the resource Log house, Karila's first home in Suomi, Strange Township, early 1900's. Loaned by: Karila. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D13Ai55 MG8_D13Ai55a Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Suomi https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/bdb7b7970aea442910ee80c0936a23e5.jpg 9dd877be6ff080f03e21711a61b778f4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log house Subject The topic of the resource Architecture Description An account of the resource Log house, location unknown. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D14Ai68 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Thunder Bay https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/fc55bad94235ce6e49dc8b9c8844eb9b.jpg f30e0b661f144ff95c53398a50b2002a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log House in Suomi Subject The topic of the resource Architecture Description An account of the resource Log house in Suomi, Strange Township, owned by Tienhaara. (family in photo.). Loaned by: Karila. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D13Ai54 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Suomi https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/548eb0e8d17b50b51d3c6e11e0349391.jpg 3f4e6840f77c5a4b8926c3b0b0edf58b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D784Ii96 formerly MG8_D784Hi96 Title A name given to the resource Log house under construction with man standing beside it Subject The topic of the resource Architecture People Description An account of the resource Communities: Log house under construction with man standing beside it. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image