701 10 13585 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/5bcbf1df39aa406d6bad728193913729.jpg ffa0432e124eca9017b4dc25683826ab Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ken Armson fonds Subject The topic of the resource Forestry Description An account of the resource A collection of thousands of photographic slides depicting Ken Armson's work in the field of forestry, 1952-1995. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952-1995 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource These images have been digitized and shared on this site with permission. Most are still under copyright. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lodgepole pine, Clearcuts Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Aerial view of clearcuts and general forest. Willow River PSYU. Prince George. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Armson-Silviculture-1360 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - British Columbia - Prince George lodgepole pine https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/67010b9f72b6dddf3538c64fac7257c8.jpg d2d7fa1cf64a95e416ac84c620a2139a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ken Armson fonds Subject The topic of the resource Forestry Description An account of the resource A collection of thousands of photographic slides depicting Ken Armson's work in the field of forestry, 1952-1995. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952-1995 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource These images have been digitized and shared on this site with permission. Most are still under copyright. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photo Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lodgepole pine, natural Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Lodgepole pine natural, 11 yrs. after clearcutting and scarification. Hinton. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968-07 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Armson-Silviculture-252 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Alberta - Hinton https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/345c2e25e684f181c9ee77f1b70d04d6.jpg d22f2884649b6a328bdcf46a7e88a5f0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ken Armson fonds Subject The topic of the resource Forestry Description An account of the resource A collection of thousands of photographic slides depicting Ken Armson's work in the field of forestry, 1952-1995. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952-1995 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource These images have been digitized and shared on this site with permission. Most are still under copyright. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lodgepole pine, Prescribed fire Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Lodgepole pine area prescribed burn. Embaras Working Circle. Persons are Bob Udell,Bert Simmonds & Fred Robinson. Northwestern Pulp & Power, Hinton. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Armson-Silviculture-1338 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Alberta lodgepole pine https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/5ed053a7090e5439a712d5cbb39fd6f2.jpg a34dfbaef41b444dcceca1f020516709 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ken Armson fonds Subject The topic of the resource Forestry Description An account of the resource A collection of thousands of photographic slides depicting Ken Armson's work in the field of forestry, 1952-1995. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952-1995 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource These images have been digitized and shared on this site with permission. Most are still under copyright. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lodgepole pine, Slash in clearcut Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Wiindrowed slash in clearcut. Willow River PSYU. Prince Geroge. cf. slide # 1359 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Armson-Silviculture-1361 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - British Columbia - Prince George lodgepole pine https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/4f797fd0f0b9091e2fdd5373d7bccc80.jpg 0a9b401e2e633c76f865620b790a7eba Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ken Armson fonds Subject The topic of the resource Forestry Description An account of the resource A collection of thousands of photographic slides depicting Ken Armson's work in the field of forestry, 1952-1995. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952-1995 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource These images have been digitized and shared on this site with permission. Most are still under copyright. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lodgepole pine, three years Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Lodgepole pine 3 years after site preparation & seeding. Northwestern Pulp & Power, Hinton Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Armson-Silviculture-1335 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Alberta - Hinton lodgepole pine Seeding regeneration https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/fc05b0a938b1ea0ee95b7b9f1deacdb0.jpg dc20c89d13989475a7c9bbca03753158 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ken Armson fonds Subject The topic of the resource Forestry Description An account of the resource A collection of thousands of photographic slides depicting Ken Armson's work in the field of forestry, 1952-1995. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952-1995 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource These images have been digitized and shared on this site with permission. Most are still under copyright. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photo Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log auction Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Forest Exchange Ltd. Fall log auction; buyers from USA, France, Belgium and Germany. St. Thomas, ON. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971-10 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Armson-Silviculture-655a Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - St. Thomas https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/b54dfb410b952c0f9f9940acf93ab214.pdf be645aeb64eaac75198c96cf87b2671b PDF Text Text ~ 1950 FIRE SEASON DA TES April 1st - October 3.lst, THE BEST FIRE CONTROL IS TO PREVENT FIRES FROM S~ ~ ING:=---__ RETURN TO But FORESTRY FIRES DO~TART ■ ■ ■ ■ THE IBRAR . Woods Division TASK I Mara th0 n Corp. of Cana d a Ltd. Port Arthur~ Ontario (1) Early Discovery of Every ire • <2> To Attack Every Fire With Speed and Strength · 7DAYLOAN This leaflet it issued to the key personnel of the woods industry in Northwestern Ontario by the Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association and approved by the Department of Lands and Forests' Regional and District Foresters with the earnest hope that it will be of assistance in the prevention, detection and suppression of forest fires. Co-operation w. E. Mair• General Superintendent; Marathon Paper Mills•• CARAMAT, Ontario. \ 1"·. , \ IS THE r 1 pump~' ,es to . ---~ -·, 1 .,,' TO DO TH IS .... Organization Is Necessary !t[, • 1 ! Key-Note �LOG BOOK BUILDIN G A FI RE OR GA NIZATIO N Northwestern Ontario is divided into two Department of Lands and Forests' Regions - the Mid-Western Region with two districts, Port Arthur and Geraldton; and the Western Region with three districts, Kenora, Fort Frances and Sioux Lookout. The prevention detection and suppression of forest fires is a prime responsibility of the Department. On this area licences have been issued granting certain rights to licence holders. Licence holders pay, in addition to ground rent and dues on timber cut, a fire tax. In addition to paying the tax, each licence holder has a responsibility to protect the timber from fire, first by prevention and, secondly, by immediate action to suppress fires as soon as detected. By law, you and every other employee in the woods must assist in the controlling and extinguishing of any fire. PREVENTION OF FOREST FIRES The L st fire control is to prevent fires from start- ing. The Department of Lands and Forests by means of the press, radio, posters, fire weather forecasts, visits of officers and rangers, etc., do their job in constantly reminding the general public of the danger and huge costs of forest fires. Department regulations lessen the probability of fires starting by eliminating or reducing·1 the amount of inflammable material around camps and along roads, etc. Industry, likewise, by the use of posters, by fire weather forecasts, by organizing employees into fire. crews, by being conscious of the cost of lost timber anc' lost wages to employees is constantly reminding all employees to BE CAREFUL and PREVENT FIRES. Key personnel in the woods each year are appointed Honorary Fire Wardens by the Department of Lands and Forests and this Honorary position is a very important one, particularly in the prevention of fires. Honorary Fire Wardens who notice any person violating the• safety measures which are supposed to be taken in an~ area, should warn that person immediately and if the results are not satisfactory, strict action should be taken In addition, such regulations as: ( 1) No (2 ) No bush; (3) No are aimed at ) April ...................... ·.. 89 May ............... .. .. .............. 88 June ... ... ... ..................... 85 July ............................. 110 August .............................. 132 September . ...... ............ 19 October .. ........................ 1 November ............... . Total .......................... 524 Means of Detection Rangers ....................... .. Towers ....................... . Air Patrol ....... .. Public ...................... . ·rota! ............................... . 45 137 151 19 i 524 18 3 1 11 24 1 Area Burnt: 23,445 acres , (See March Log Book for statistics for each Department of Lands and Forests District in Northwestern Ontario). Fires by Origin-66 per cent man-caused. (Better than the over-all average of 80 - 90 per cent -- still. much too high). Employees on logging operations were directly responsible for only 18 fires (3.4 % ) but these could probably have been prevented. Fires by Month-The weather and amount of rain has a lot to do with this break-down. Last Spring was a dry one and the Summer dry and the Fal I wet. The weather is always a good warning. Detection of Fires-The public, which includes many employees of timber companies, detected and reported first 36 per cent" of the fires. Detection is a responsibility of everyone. The Department of Lands and Forests' tower system with radio and telephone communicat ions and the air patrols are on the job and ful l use should be made of these services. Each camp should have communication with the nearest tower and Ranger Headquarters to ensure no loss of time in giving or securing information. Vigilance must be eternal-Time is all-important. Check on ways and means of communicating with towers, ranger headquarters, etc., to ensure that YOU can instantly report a fire and likewise, the Department can notify YOU. When reporting a fire, be sure and give the proper location and stay on the telephone lonr smoki ng of tailor-made cigarettes, the prevention of fires. Fires by Months ;..I Settlers ... .............. ..... 46 Logging Operations Campers ............... ....... 125 Mining Operations .. Railway . . . ........... ....... 54 Prospectors .............. Lightning ... .. 17 6 Incendiary .. .................. Road Construction . . 6 Miscellane,')us Smokers ... ... .. . ...... .. . 59 Unknown ......... . Total ..................................... 524 lunch fires in the bush; smoking while walking or working in the BUT Fires do occur and details of Forest Fires in Northwestern Ontario for 1949 were as fol lows: ,, Fires by Origin FIIE DAIGE EXTREMEHIGH MEDIUM LOW NIL IE CAIEF UL/ A Fire Danger Sign should be in every camp. �1 LOG BOOK I low the person at the ''JOE BEA VER" es and detecting fires, wood s employees have a very special responsibility taking action to put out fires. The Forest Fires Prevention Act states: 19 - (1) For the purpose of controlling and extinguishing any fire an officer may use any privat~ly-owned equipment and may employ or summon the assistance of any male person between the ages of eighteen and sixt)t years, excepting only trainmen, boat crews, local telephone operators, telegraphers and despatchers on duty, doctors and persons physically unfit. (2) E:.very person who refuses or neglects to render assistance when required under this section shal I be guilty of an offence against this Act. In addition, the Forest Fi res Prevention Act requires that a work permit be obtained for any work in the woods at any time of the year. Section 12 of the Act outlines the general requirements in so far as supplying eauipment and other special precautions. As the work permit must be taken out wel I in ad vance of the starting of the work, the permitee has the opportunity of reviewing with the District Officer, requirements as to the amount of fire protection equipment, etc., that is to be on hand. In order to fight and suppress fires, we must BE PREPARED AND ORGANIZED. LET'S ORGANIZE NOW - l HERE'S HOW ! 1. All supervisory personnel should know the fol lowing factors relating to the forest fire problem about the area they are working in• (a) Major ca~ses of fires in area. (b) Past occurance of fires - location, seasonal period, ti me of day, etc. (c) Forest type - kinds, density. (d) Topography - flat, rol I i!Jg, steepness of slopes, etc. (e) Accessibility - how to get to a fire; transportation avai Iable, etc. (f) Visibility. (g) Meteorological Factors - wind, temperature, relative humidity, deepness of forest, precipitation, thunderstorm activity, length of fire season, etc. (The De ' partment of Lands and Forests' Fi re Weather Forecast takes into consideration these factors). • (h) Fi re control equipment in area. (i) Number of men available. Being aware of the above (most of the information should be on a map) and knowing that fires will be de tected and reported the next important step is to have fire crews organized and trained. 2. FIRE · CREW ORGANIZATION (a) Pump unit crews. (b) Hand tool crews. (c) Specialists - Clerks, cooks, truck drivers, tractor and bulldozer drivers, mechanics and others whose special ski I ls wi 11 be needed. (A) Pump Unit Crews will be made up of: l Pump Unit Foreman. l Pump Unit Sub-Foreman. 2 Pump Unit Operators (to run pump or pumps). 11 Hose Handlers (equipped with 5 axes to clear out trails for hose lines). The foreman of this crew will be responsible for ar- By Ed Nofziger and Kip Koenig ~ ( • ~ J.. ~/ / C· . . " ~ ~ , ~ - ~... , :_1_ z-(, ~ 'T~-,. k.~. A~ Ir Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture "Some people just have to be educated by law enforcement." ranging the transport of the pump or pumps to the nearest water supply at the fire line, setting up of the units, and getting them into action as soon as the necessary hose lines have been laid. It is expected that the subforeman will tend to the matter of utilizing the water at the nozzle end of the hbse lines to the best advantage. Pump Unit Sub-Foreman_ ; -The Sub - Foreman will act as alternate to the pump unit foreman and wi 11 assume authority when the pump unit foreman is absent) or, when the unit is operating on two shifts he will be in charge of one shift. Pump Unit Operators - The duties of the operators will be to operate the unit efficiently at all times. Hose Handlers -These men will report immediately to their pump unit foreman at first notice of a fire and will carry out his instructions. (B) Hand Tool Crews will be made up of: l Unit Foreman. 4 men with hand pumps. 4 men with shovels and axes. Hand tool crews will usually comprise all those men in the camp not assigned to the pump crews and ski I led men assigned to special duties. The general foreman wi 11 supervise the work of th€ l hand tool crews so that they will work in conjunction �LOG BOOK with the pump crews if necessary, or will work on their own sections of the fire Iine if the pump crews are not able to cover enough of the line at the start of the fire to gain control in short order. (C) Men With Special Duties: Cooks, clerks, mechanics, truck drivers, tractor and bulldozer drivers wi 11 be assigned to duties as instructec by the foreman of the crew. r 3. FIRE CREW TRAINING Everyone should be aware of the necessity of quick action and crew training should be carried out to ensur£that each man knows the task he is to carry out. Fire fighting equipment should be always ready and available in good working order. Our Aim in 1950-No FIRES STARTED BY COMPANY EMPLOYEES I After your crews are organized, training is a necessity. Several reference booklets are readily available anc foremen and other leaders should be familiar with these. Two suggested are: A FIRE FIGHTING PLAN FOR EACH AREA! ALL EMPLOYEES ORGANIZED INTO FIRE CREWS -TRAINED AND READY! / QUICK ACTION TO PUT OUT FIRES! "Forest Fire Fighters' Guide" published by Canadian Pulp & Paper Association. "Hand Book, Forest Fire Pump Unit" published by the Canadian Society of Forest Engineers. (If you haven't copy of these, ask your Company Head Office to get a copy for you. They are very instructing.i The Department of Lands and Forests should be re quested to send an officer to the camps to lecture to and to test the efficiency of fire crews. PREVENT FOREST FIRES QUICK ACTION IS NECESSARY IN APPLYING CONTROL MEASURES AFTER A FIRE HAS BEEN OBSERVED AND REPORTED. ACTION TOO LATE AND TOO LITTLE OFTEN MEANS LARGE FIRES. J KNOW THE DEPARTMENT FIRE ORGANIZATION IN YOUR AREA MID-WESTERN REGION WESTERN REGION Regional Forester - P. Addison, Port Arthur, Ont. Regional Forester - K. Acheson, Kenora, Ontario. KENORA DISTRICT PORT ARTHUR DISTRICT District Forester - R. Boultbee, Port Arthur, Ont. Phone 5-6543 District Fire Supervisor - M. Sauerbrei, Port Arthur, Ont. Ph. 5-6543 Chief Fire Rangers t'ort Arthur Division - -T. Guerard, Port Arthur, Ont. Phone 5-6543 MacDiarmid Division - H. Reynolds, MacDiarmid, Ont. Beardmore l 7r3 Shebandowan District - J. H. Stirrett, Shebandowan, Ont. Call Forest Ranger Shebandowan Kab Lake Division - H. B. Lewis. Call by Department Radio - 5-6122, Port Arthur, Ontaric GERALDTON DISTRICT District Forester - U. W. J:iskar, Geraldton, Ont Forest Protection Specialist - G. D. MacAdam, Geraldton, Ont. Chief Forest Rangers Pays Plat Division - J . E. Anderson Longlac Division - R. V. Brady Geraldton Division - L. G. Ridsdill Nakina Division - G. Grasser. Forest Protection Specialist - F. R. Parmeter, Kenora, Ont. Chief Rangers Kenora Dryden Ignace Minaki - Jas . MacKay. D. G. Turner. F. R. Nicoll. A. Cleaveley. FORT FRANCES DISTRICT District Forester - G. W. Delahey. Forest Protection Specialist - Wm. Darby. Chief Rangers Fort Frances - S. V. Ryan. Quetico Division - A. F. Parker. SIOUX LOOKOUT DISTRICT District Forester - H. N. Middleton Chief Rangen Sioux Lookout - J. B. Rorke. Armstrong - W. A. Fayle. Red Lake - F. Dodds. Pickle Lake - E. Guertin. (Space does not permit printing names of company personnel in charge of fire fighting and Honourary Fire Wa-,dens. These will be printed in an issue of the Log Book.) CO-OPERATION IS THE KEY-NOTE! ~:.:?. - - - : . .... ,,..~ .. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log Book - Timber Operators' Association Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1950fireLogBook Title A name given to the resource Log Book - Firebook 1950 Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Log Book, published by the Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association. Firebook 1950. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1950 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Shared with permission of the Ontario Forest Industries Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/0bc4290f414aa3cea8f0dbfe8db9fd8b.pdf 059f4ab6f73a4a8afc72becdb177198a PDF Text Text fs to pssible Vically The 1951 Forest Fire Season Is Her,, I ire ~ Between Now and October 31st (or later if the Fire Hazart ;still exists) We Have a Job To Do. Our Task: RET URN TO FORESTRY W d Di Practise and Preach Prevention <;>f Fores F1 res. (2) Organize woods industry pers6nnel into re crews ( 1) OO 5 1 1 ( 1 ., j ue~rJil ~:,~ Vi l i r , 5 0 re b Y- Co rp o f Can ::1~ a Lt Ma ra't hon • • p O rt Arthur, 0 n tar i o r e ha rd e st \pidly and tteS t spot manner (3) Train these fire crews to know their job t (4) Attack every fire with speF.;J and strengt ~~~e~a~ The Department of Lands and Forests are charged with the responsibility of preventing and suppressing fires on all Crown Lands. But, in 1dition to paying a fire tax to the Department of Lands and Forests, each operator has two added responsibilities , L.--------.--------- -- (1) under the Forest Fir~ Prevention Act, and, (2) because we w~:i"r to keep this _forest of ours green and productive · forever and this industry in which we work in operation ..forever . Woods o~ rdtors have plenty of fire equipment, tools and machinery on hand to put out fires. -..( n:-'.~~., Each <o~pany, each division of a company and each camp should have a fire plan. Superintendents, camp forec~~: are charged with direct responsibility to prevent and suppress forest fires. You should know your plan, organize all employees into fire crews and train them - ready for action. To assist you in the ATTACK, inside this pamphlet ere illustrations, definitions and suggestions which it is hoped will assist you if and when a fire occurs in your area. Our Aim in 1951-No FIRES STARTED BY COMPANY EMPLOYEES! A FIRE FIGHTING PLAN FOR EACH AREA! ALL EMPLOYEES ORGANIZED INTO FIRE CREWS - TRAINED AND READY! QUICK ACTION TO PUT OUT FIRES! -- ---~----, This leaflet is circulated to key personnel in the Woo d s Industry in Northwestern Ontario with the hope it will be of assistance in the Prevention, Detection and Suppression of _ _ _ _ S:n•oc.t S:ill!oc. r . ~~orge Sonley , r n. r• t on Paper , ills , .,ubl le Utilities BL-~ .• PO.... . R nt' UF , 0 n t r 1 o • �\ ) ?AGE 2 \ LOG BOOK Kinds of Fires \ Forest fires are generally divided into three classes: SURFACE FIRES Surface fires are those which run over the ·-:-urf~_o!-...the ground, feeding in the top layer of dry, loose litter, grass, needles, weeds, ~ all bushes, and the outer surface of logs, They usually are intensely hot and spread ·v with a fairly large volume of flames. - -- --vi growth aspen, grass types, old cs, etc. are typical. GROUND FIRES CROWN FIRES Ground fires are those which consume the thick layers of decaying humus and other vegetation which are more compact and usually contain somewhat more moisture than the top layers of loose litter and duff. These fires tend to ~pread slowly or smolder, are most persistent and require a long time to burn out or to extinguish. Thick mats of needles and deep humus as found in old timber, peat bogs, etc. are typical. Crow-n fires are those in which the foliagt of trees is consumed. This is the most difficult ~ type to control. Such a fire when starte spreads through the tops of trees at a rapid rate. Dense coniferou.; stands of timber lend themelves readily to this type of fire. Parts of a Fire HEAD o:;: THE FIRE - This is that part of the fire that 1s spreading most rapidly. With level terrain this is the lee side or the side in which direction the wind is blowing. Fires burn more rapidly up hill than they do on the level or down hill, and thus the up hill side is frequently the head of the fire. REAR OF THE FIRE - On level terrain with a wind this is the windward side or the side from which the wind is blowing . Where the fire is burning on a steep slope, it is usuallv the side at the base of the -slope. FLANKS OF A FIRE - The flanks of a fire are the sides connecting the rear and the head of the fire. FINGERS OF A FIRE - .., FINGER > Generally the forest fire fuels are not uniform; there are patches o t ~ h, small ribbons of meadow or Wa\.:' open ridge tops, patches of dense conifers, and other fuel types ma --all be intermingled. Fires spread :-~e rapidly in some fuels than others. here are often short steep slooes a .i <i fires will run u9 these ~ore r~I,< t6ao they will run on level terrain. Whirl winds, or a shift in wind direction, may temporarily ch~nge the direction in which the fire will burn. Any or all of these factors contribute to the irregular shape or cause fingers. FINGERS OF FIRE :> CHECK YOUR PLAN FOR FIGHTING FIRE IN YOUR AREA AND REMEMBER TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE FOLLOWING FACTORS: (a) Major causes (b) Past occurance of fires of day, etc. {c) Fores1 typ·e - kinds, density. (d) (e) Topography Accessibility able, etc. Visibility. flat, rolling, steepness of slopes, etc. how to get to a fire; transportation avail- (f) of fires in area. location, seasonal period, time (g) Meteorological factors wind, temperature, relative humidity, deepness of forest, precipitation, thunder-storm activity, length of fire season, ·etc. (The Department of Lands and Forests Fire Weather Forecast takes into consideration these factors>. (h) Fire control equipment in area. (i) Number of meen available. ) �'This sticker is to b.. wind-shield of a car or n'1R1t'.-m ..n , fires are started by cigarettes thrown from vehicles, and this will serve not only to remind the driver, but also the passenger to /l I BE CAREFUL DETACH HERE ---------------~ --- ·--- -----~-ONLY!!!CAN PREVENT FOREST FIRES LOG BOOK PAGE 3 Forest Fir e Fighting r is th at a small fire is easily put out by 1 to 5 men, and that it is necessary to discover and is to be put out while it is small. The drier the forest fire fuels, the higher the wind, the 1mid1ty , the more important it is to get there quickly since it is under these conditions that the fire in a short time. d men and take several days to control and mop up. e divided into two separate operations, namely ( 1) controlling or checking the spread, and (2) ve the completion of the suppression job. The ·reader must remember that these are only general rules, that every fire is different and the primary consider at ion is to check the rate of spread as quickly as possible and then to methodically and systematically mop it up and patrol it. GENERAL PLAN OF ATTACK ( 1) Attack the "head" of the fire and mop its advance. (2) If the front of "head" is too hot for di_rect attack, attack the flank or sides and pinch in the front. When the advance is checked surround it and extinguish all fires around the fire line. (3) OF- A FOREST FIRE ) fire is to <;.a-refully review the situation and determine where the initial attack should b,e made ?read of the fire as soon as possible. There are three general ways of accomplishing th is, namelv h itting i,t on the flanks. Each of these three ways will be discussed l::riefly. ,n.,,- .,..-.;,-,"'-rn"' ............ . , ,Jncentrdti ng the initial attack upon those sectors of the edge of the fire that are burning t he hardest and sectors where the fire, if not checked, is like:y to get into heavy slash fuels, grass meadows or other fuels where it will spread rapidly and be hard to check. On a small fire, one man wit:, a shovel, bough, wet gunny sack or other suitable tool can concentrat e on the hottest spot of the fire, knock it down and temporarily chP·-K it; go on to the next one and do the same, and k.eep working around the fire in this manner until reinforcements arrive or until the fire ·,as burned itself out to a point of relative safety. He can then proceed to systematically put an adequate fire control line c1round it and mJp it up. This same orocedure can often be employed quite successfully on larger fires with several men, each man working alone, or by working in small crews. HITTING THE HEAD OF THE F~tl.E - Where there is a wind b!a.ving and the fire is spreading rapidly in only one direction the quickest way to stop its spread is to hit the hc(ad of the fire. Making the decision of whether or not it is poss ble to control the head of the fire is of great importance. If it is attempft!i and it proves u nsuccessful, a.,, great deal of time may be lost and men exhausted; on the other hand, if control of the head is not attempted when it is possi bl e, the fire will continue its rapid spread and soon become a large fire. Several factors deter:mine whether or not the f ire should be hit on the head . It is a decision that experienced forest fire suppression men often find difficult to rr.ake. The type of fuel, bu rni ng conditions, number of men, and kind of equipment available all must be considered. However, the general p1 1e is to hit the head of the fire if there appears to be a chance of stopping it, even though this means hard, fast work in the heat and smoke. £ince if the he;id can be controlled the crew can then handle the rest of the fire and mop it up. HITTI-NG. :ifHE FLANK OF THE FIRE If the head of the fire is too hot to work and the fire is spreading is spreading in one general direction, start ,,co ntrol lines at the base of the fire and work up along bot!, sides or flanks, and pinch it out at the he2d. Quite often one flank of the fire ;s paralleled with a natural barrier, such as a lake, stream, road, or fuels in which the fire will not soread rapidly. In this case only_o~ flank would need to be worked or have a control line, and the other flank, along the natural barrier, would only have to be watched so !hat no fire will cross . [ HONOURARY FIRE WARDENS Key personnel in the woods each year are appointed Honourary Fire Wardens by the Department of Lands and Forests and this Honourary position is a very important one, particularly in the prevention of fires. Honourary Fire Wardens who notice any person violating the safety measures which are supposed to be taken in any area, should warn that person immediately and if the results are not satisfactory, strict action should be taken. In addition, such regulations as: - o) No lunch fires in the bush; (2) No smoking while walking or work ing in the bush; At.: r EXTREME HIGH MEDIUM LOW NIL ( E (3) No smoking of tailor-made ,cigarettes; (4) No matches, use a safety lighter; A Fire Danger Sign should be in every camp. r {, are aimed at the prevention of fires. 70AYLOAN �I LOG BOOK PAGE 3 orest Fire Fighting r is that a small fire is easily put out by l to 5 men, and that it is necessary to discover and is to be put out while it is small. The drier the forest fire fuels, the higher the wind, the - - • ~ i , •• a • e •••~-.11.c · ., a - t imidity, the more importcint it is to get there quickly since it is under these conditions that the fire spreads most rapidly and becomes a large fire in a short time. • Large fires may require several hundred men and take several days to control and mop up. The suppression of a forest fire can be divided into two separate operations, namely ( l) controlling or checking the spread, and (2) mopping up and patrol operations which involve, the completion of the suppression job. The ·reader must remember that these are only general rules, that every fire is different and the primary considera1 ion is to check the rate of spread as quickly as possible and then to methodically and systematically mop it up and patrol it. GENERAL PLAN OF ATTACK ( l) Attack the "head" of the fire and mop its advance. (2) If the front of "head" is tdo hot for di_rect attack, attack the flank or sides and pinch in the front. When the advance is checked surround it and extinguish all fires around the fire line. (3) j /) CONTROLLING OR CHECKING THE SPREAD OF- A FOREST FIRE The first thing to do upon reaching a fire is to c;.a.retully review the situation and determine where the initial attack should q,e made with the objective in mind of stopping the spread of tl,'e fire as soon as possible. There are three general ways of accomplishing thi s'; namelv hot spotting, hitting the head of the fire, or hitting irt on the flanks. Each of these three ways will be discussed 1::-riefly. HOT SPOTTING This is merely concentrdting the initial attack upon those sectors of the edge of the fire that are burning lhe hardest and sectors where the fire, if not checked, is like:y to get into heavy slash fuels, grass meadows or other fuels where it will spread rapidly and be hard to check. On a small fire, one man wit:, a shovel, bough, wet gunny sack or other suitable tool can concentrate on the hottest spot of the fire, knock it down and temporarily chP·-K it; go on to the next one and do the c;ame, and k.eep working around the fire in this manner until reinforcements arrive or until the fire ·,as burned itself out to a point of relative safety. He can then proceed to systematically put an adequate fire control line c1round it and mJp it up. This same procedure can often be employed quite successfully on larger fires with several men, each man working alone, or by working in small crews. HITTING THE HEAD OF THE F!RE - Where there is a wind b!o.ving and the fire is spreading rapidly in only one direction the quickest way to stop its spread is to hit the ~C!ad of the fire. Making the decision of whether or not it is poss ble to control the head of the fire is of great importance. If it is attempt~ and it proves unsuccessful, a..., great deal of time may be lost and men exhausted; on the other hand, if control of the head is not attempted when it is possible, the fire will continue its rapid spread and soon become a large fire. Several factors deteff'nine whether or not the fire should be hit on the head. It is a decision that experienced forest fire suppression men often find djifficult to rr.ake. Th~ type of fuel, burning conditions, numoer of men, and kind of equipment available all must be considered. However, the general rxile is to hit the head of the fire if there appears to be a chance of stopping it, even though this means hard, fast work in the heat and smoke ~ince if the hec1d can be controlled the crew can then handle the rest of the fire and mop 1t up. HITTING- ~-HE FLANK OF THE FIRE If the head of the fire is too hot to work and the fire is spreading is spreading in one general direction, start / -Ontrol lines at the base of the fire and work up along bot!, sides or flanks, and pinch it out at the head. Quite often one flank of the fiire ;s paralleled with a natural barrier, such as a lake, stream, road, or fuels in which the fire will not soread rapidly. In this case on[y_~n__§,....{\ank would need to be worked or have a control line, and the other flank, along the natural barrier, would only have to be watched so !hat no fire will cross. 1 HONOURARY FIRE WARDENS Key personnel in the woods each year are appointed Honourary Fire Wardens by the Department of Lands and Forests and this Honourary position is a very important one, particularly in the prevention of fires. Honourary Fire Wardens who notice any person violating the safety measures which are supposed to be taken in any area, should warn that person immediately and if the results are not satisfactory, strict action should be taken. In addition, such regulations as: fllE GE EXTREME HIGH MEDIUM LOW NIL ( 1} No lunch f, res in the bush; E CAIEf (2) No smoking while walking or working in the bush; (3) No smoking of tailor-made .cigarettes; (4) No matches, use a safety lighter; A Fire Danger Sign should be in every camp. are aimed at the prevention of fires. - ~ A" 1 n.& l\l r C �.,; LOG BOOK PAGE 4 The Direct Method The Direct Method As the '1ame implies, this involves direct action on the fire itself. It consists of digging out every spark of fire along the edge of the burn . This may be done by scraping in. shoveling in, or digging out and throwing in the burning embers along the edge. In this case the fire Ii ne becomes the edge of the fire . In doing this it is necessary to dig down to mineral soil. The result is a U-shaped trench with a clean cut on the outside from which all embers have been removed. There should not be a single charred root or leaf on the outside of the fire line. To make sure that no sparks are left, the edge of the line should be felt with the hand . This is known as "feeling for fire" or "cold trailing." METHOD / I The Indirect Method Try This Out Do you know what a TE\VT is? This method is used only when other methods have failed. It consists of back-firing from a natural firebreak (road, stream, etc .) or a line condangerous in the hands of an unskilled or care·,,--.. dangerols in the hands of an unskilled or care...,'\ less person. Use them only when other methods ~- fail and only from a well-prepared line or a good r.atural barrier. In Army language it is a TACTICAL EXERCISE WITHOUT TROOPS! In the Army, when the troops were busy training (i.e. cutters busy cutting, maintenance men working, etc.) or resting (Sunday) o group of key personnel, to increase their tactical knowledge and to study methods of ATTACK, etc., would have a theoretical military problem to work out. This was done in two or three ways: (i) using a map or aerial photograph. (i1J a sand table or blackboard. (iii) on the ground In this way Canadian leaders were able to learn about the tactics of war while the men were training. Applying this to the woods industry, while the operation is going on key men should take time to test themselves and their assistants take a map or better still an aerial photograph of a camp area. Mark "X" as the place a fire might start. Then think out and discuss with your kev fire fighting men the actions each would take. When your assistants get their pumps on the fire (in theory) and all set - have the wind change. In addition to being instructive and good training such TEWTS are fun too. TRY THIS OUT ON YOUR KEY MEN! IT'LL PAY DIVIDENDS -- ;f~•ORly you can PREVEIT FOREST FIRES: PREVENT FOREST Fl RES You have seen how fires are fought Woods operators in Northwestern Ontario have over $400,000 of equipment on hand which is for fire suppression use exclusively. In addition, operators have avai Iable for f i r e f i g h t i n g purposes blankets, tents, cooking equipment, axes, shovels, trucks, boats, radio-telephone equipment and other equipment carried on logging operations. Thousands of dollars (in 1950 $73,000 00) are spent annually on special Fire Prevention work alone. WE ARE PREPARED BUT LET S PREVENT FIRES. 1 But Remember -Such effort is costly. Every fire that is stopped before it starts is time and money save~ nd timber for the future. :::::, The assistance of the Wisconsin Conservation Department and their booklet "Handbook For Fighting Forest Fi res" and the constructive criticism of officers of the Ontario Department of Lands and Forests and local industry members is very much appreciated. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log Book - Timber Operators' Association Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1951firebookLogBook Title A name given to the resource Log Book - Firebook 1951 Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Log Book, published by the Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association. Firebook 1951. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1951 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Shared with permission of the Ontario Forest Industries Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/d9e039a38ed07d40d56833da262505dd.pdf 1f1c87ecb218902c52793feeef29bd4d PDF Text Text he 1952 Forest Fire S~ e! WE HAVE A JOB Our Task: (1) (2) (3) (4) nt of Lands and Forests is charged with ·tity of preventing, detecting and suppfires on all Crown Lands. Each woods an annual fire tax to the Department Forests but, in addition, has two added e Forest Fires Prevention Act, and we want to keep our forests green e forever and this industry in which 1 operation forever. have plenty of fire equipment, tools n hand to put out fires. Fire suppt on hand in woods operations in Northwestern On ta r i o is valued far in excess of $650,000.00. Supervisory personnel must ensure that this equipment is in good shape at all times and is READY for immediate use. Each District of Lands and Forests has a District Fire Plan and likewise each company and camp area should have a fire plan. Such plans should notified to all concerned. YOU SHOULD KNOW YOUR PLAN organize all employees into fire crews and train them READY FOR ACTION. NO FIRES STARTED BY WOODS WORKERS! A FIRE FIGHTING PLAN FOR EACH AREA! EMPLOYEES ORGANIZED INTO FIRE CREWS - TRAINED AND READY! QUICK ACTION TO PUT OUT FIRES! This leaflet is circulated to key personnel in the woods industry in Northwestern Ontario to remind all concerned that the prevention, detection and suppression of forest fires is a prime responsibility. ro AoH.C. Ca rson, fa rat h on Pa per ~ ills, Ca ra.mat, Ont. �LOG BOOK Here's Last Year's Seore ! LET'S PROFIT BY EXPERIENCE The fire prevention and suppression activities of woods operators in co-operation with the Department of Lands and Forests has paid handsome dividends by fewer fires being started by woods employees and by a smaller acreage being burnt by those fires in the vicinity of woods operations. Quick suppressive action by organized crews has proven the answer many times Out of 897 forest fires in Ontario last year, 38 were attributed to woods operations and/or employees. Let's look at the fires caused by woods operations and/or employees in 195 l: SURFACE FIRES Surface fires are those which run over t he surface of the ground, feeding in the to::> layer of dry, loose litter, grass, needles, weeds small bushes, and the outer surface of logs: etc. They usually are intensely hot and spread rapidly with a fairly large volume of flam es. Fires in second growth aspen, grass types, old burns, fern types, etc . are typical. WOODSWORKERS SMOKING. SIGNAL FIRE BY LOST EMPLOYEE. SPARK FROM ALLIGATOR OR CIGARETTE FROM ONE OF ALLIGATOR CREW. OVER-HEATED STOVE (One in Bath House.) HOT ASHES FROM COOK STOVE IN GARBAGE. PORTABLE MILL SAWDUST AND DEBRIS PILES. TRUCK BACK-FIRE (Broken Muffler.> SPARKS FROM .COOKERY. GAS ENGINE EXHAUST. UNAUTHORIZED LUNCH FIRE. .lir flNGER> ,{('It i0 ~ RIVER DRIVE LUNCH FIRE. BURNING MILL. CAMP BURNED. SHACKERS CABIN BURNED. CHILDREN OF WOODS WORKERS PLAYING WITH MATCHES. BRUSH BURNING AROUND A CAMP SITE. Of these 38 fires last year 18, or one half, were caused by woodsworkers smoking. If we cut out this one cause, we will be doing a lot. You can see from the above that a few of the thousands of woodsworkers in the woods last year were responsible for starting 38 fires. A few careless people were responsible. Don't you be one this year. PROFIT BY EXPERIENCE ! 1>~ \ -y~ CHECK YOUR PLAN FOR FIGHTI AREA AND REMEMBER TO TAK THE FOLLOWING FA (a) ----o,---- (b} SAFETY SPARK ARRESTERS IMPORTANT ON ALL CAMP BUILDINGS One type of Safety Spark Arrester that 1s recommended is THE NYLUND SPARK ARRESTER which is the invention of Neil Nylund, Fire Ranger for the Brampton Pulp & Paper Company Limited, Beardmore, Ontario The Canadian Pulp & Paper Association, Woodlands Section, awarded Mr. Nylund their annual prize for the best suggestion submitted in 1951. The Nylund Arrester can be made by any tinsmith and the original cost is a little more that the screen type arrester; but its life should be many times longer and its effectiveness much greater. A plan of the Nylund Spark Arrester may be obtained from the Editor of this booklet upon request. V ~ Major causes of fir£S in area. Past occurrence of fire!; . - locati ot day, etc. (c) Forest type - kinds, density. (d) Topography - flat, rolling, steep (e) Accessibility - how to get to a able, etc. (f) Visibility. (g) Meteorological factors "' t humidity, deepness of foreS , activity, length of fire season, th Lands and Forests Fire Wea sideration these factors.> {h) Fire control equipment in are (i) t-,lurnber of rnen available, �LOG BOOK HONOURARY FIRE WARDENS classes Cr This sticker is to be placed on the wind-shield of a car or truck. Many fires are started by cigafette! th rown from vehicles, and this w_ill serve not only to remind the driver, but also the passenger to of tn BE CAREFUL 1ype DETACH HERE spreads mrb\Jgh the tops- of trees-~-; -;.;pid rate. Dense coniferous stands of timber lend themselves readily to this type of fire. Parts of a Fire HEAD OF THE FIRE - This is that part of the fire that is spreading most rapidly. With level terrain this is the lee, side or the side in which direction the wind is blowinq. Fires burn more rapidly up hill tha,, they do on the level or down hill, and thus the up hill side is frequentiy the head of the fire. REAR OF THE FIRE - On level terrain with a wind this ward side or the side from which blowing. Where the fire is burning slope, it is usually the side at the slooe. Key personnel in the woods each year are appointed Honourary Fire Wardens by the Department of Lands and Forests and this honourary position has important responsibilities, particularly in the prevention of fires. Honourary fire wardens are appointed by the Minster of Lands and Forests and through the District Foresters they receive a badge and card of authority and instructions re their duties and responsibilities. While woods industry personnel appointed as Honourary Fire Wardens are primarily responsible in assisting operators and the Department in preventing fires from being started by woods employees, their authority covers all citizens and visitors to operating areas such as fishermen, campers, tourists, etc. These visitors should be checked closely by the Honourary Fire Wardens. When meeting citizens visiting in the woods, they should be told of the woodsworkers' rules and asked to comply with same. Honourary Fire Wardens have a big job to do ! Do it well, and help in this crusade to Prevent Fires. DID YOU KNOW? is 1he windthe wind is on a steep base of the FLANKS OF A FIRE - The flanks of a fire are the sides connecting the rear and the head of the fire. f lNGERS OF A FIRE - Generally the forest fire fuels are not uniorm; there are patches of slash, small ribbons of eadow or grass, open ridge tops, patches of nse conifers, and other fuel types may all be t~rm inqled. Fires spread more rapidly in some ,s than others. There are often short steep Des and fires will run up these more rapidly n they will run on level terrain. Whirl winds, or a shift in wind direction Y temporarily change the direction in which fire wi II burn. Any or a II of these factors t rib ute to the irregular shape or cause fingers. Woods operators in Northwestern Ontario have on hand well over $650,000.00 of fire fighting equipment to be used exclusively for that purpose. In addition operators have available blankets, tents, cooking uten,;iJ.s... axes, shovels, trucks, bulldozers, boats, radio telephone and other equipment carried on logging operations which rates top priority in time of fire suppression. Camp Operators Make a critical inspection of the fire equipment ,n your camp Any sloppy hose roles? Any defective equipment mixed with working equipment? Any dirty pumps? Remember, a few minutes delay easily means the difference between a $50.00 fire or a $50,000.00 fire. Good equipment is supplied. YOU be sure and have it ready for immediate use. RULES Use a lighter. ade cigarettes or free burning walking or working. OURSELVES _ _ and do take full credit for e vention and Suppression effrget that the weather for the been one of the main reasn, ber of fires and the small in cycles just the same as th e chances are that this T, DRY one. Let's not fool Let's prepare ! E E EXTREME HIGH MEDIUM LOW NIL IE CAl~Ef A FIRE DANGER SIGN SHOULD BE IN EVERY CAMP Arrange with the nearest Dept. of Lands and Forests Station to give you the Fire Weather Forecast DAILY. �LOG BOOK Forest Fire Fighting The most important thinq to remember is that a small fire is easily put out by l to 5 .nen, and that it is necessary t ~et to the fire immediate!y after it starts if it is to be put out while it is small. The drier the forest fire fuels, the higher h warmer the day, and the lower the relative humidity, the more importa nt it is to qet there quickly since 1t is under fire spreads most rapidly and becomes a large fire in a short time . Larqe fires may require several hundred men and take several days to control and mop u'.) . The suppression of a forest fire can be divided info two separate operations, namely ( 1) the controlling moppinq up and patrol operations which involve the completion of the suppression iob . The reader must remembe r th are only general rules, that every fi ferent and tke primary considerati check the rate of spread as quickly as and then to methodically and syst mop it up and patrol it. GENERAL PLAN OF ATTA ( 1) Attack the "head" of and rhOD its advance. (2) If the front of "head" is hot for direct attack, atta c flank or sides and pinch in front. When the advance is ch surround it and exti nguis fires around the fire lin (3) CONTROLLING OR CHECKING THE SPREAD OF A FOREST FIRE The first thinq to do upon reaching a fire is to carefully review the situa ti on and determine where the initial attack s with the objective in mind of stopping the spread of the fire as soon as oossible. There are three general ways of accom plishi hot spotting, hitting the head · of the fire, or hitting it on the flanks. Each of these three ways will be dicussed briefly . HOT SPOTTING - This is merely concentrating the initial attack upon those sectors of the edge of the fire that are bur and sectors where the fire, if not checked , is likely to get into heavy slash fuels, qrass meadows or other fuels where it will sp be hard to check. On a small fire, one man with a shovel, bough, wet gunny sack or other suitable tool can concentrate on of the fire, knock it ciown and temporarily check it; go on to the next one and do the same, and keep worl<irg around th e fir until reinforcements arrive or until the fire has burned itself out to a point of relative safety . He can then proceed to syst adequate fire control line around it and mop it up . This same procedure can often be employed quite successfully on larger men, each man working alone, or by work ing in small crews. HITTING THE HEAD OF THE FIRE - Where there is a wind blo winq and the fire is spreading rapidly in only one direc way to stop its spread is to hit the head of the fire . Making the decisio;1 of whether or not it is possible to control the head qreat importance. If it is attempted and it proves unsuccessful, a gr eat deal of time may be lost and men exhausted; on t control of the head is not attempted when it is possible, the fire will continue its rapid spread and soon become a large fi Several factors determine whether or not the fire shou1d be hit on the head . It is a decision that experienced fore st fir often find difficult to make . The type of fuel, ourning conditions, number of men, and kind of equipment available all m However, the general rule is to hit the head of the fire if there appears to be a chance of stopping it, even though this means the heat and smoke, since if the head can be controlled the crew can th en handle the rest of the fire and mop it up. HITTING THE FLANK OF THE FIRE If the head of the fire is too hot to work and the fire is spreading in one start control lines at the oase of the fire and work up along both sides or flanks, and pinch it out at the head . Quite ofte fire is paralleled with a natural bMrier, c;uch as a lake, stream, road, or fuels in which the fire will not spread rapidly. In flank would need to be worked or have a control line, and the other flank, along the natural barrier, would cnly have to no fire wiil cross . When travelling in a vehicle US.E THE ASH TRAY. USE OF EQUIPMENT Potential fire fighters and member can learn a lot from books, movies a there is no substitute for regular f equipment. BE SURE TO HAVE THE CORRECT NOZZLE TIPS WITH YOU. BRAZE THE TIPS TOGETHER AND YOU WILL HAVE THEM. Let's have NO FIRES STARTED BY WOODSWORKERS in 1952 ! i e ~ .. on PREY FOREST � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log Book - Timber Operators' Association Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1952fireLogBook Title A name given to the resource Log Book - Firebook 1952 Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Log Book, published by the Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association. Firebook 1952. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Shared with permission of the Ontario Forest Industries Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/3df2429eaacbbda16ea8e08b7bde88c7.pdf 78e140f4e0ad9a74c1f964571e107c56 PDF Text Text . ~ } ·\i --G.L . .. . NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO TIMBER OPERATORS' ASSOCIATION I ' lDD BDD11 1955 SPECIAL PREY-FIRE ISSUE The 1955 Forest Fire Season Is Here! The Department of Lands and Forests is charged with the responsibility of preventing, detecting and suppressing forest fires on Crown lands. EACH woods operator pays an annual fire tax to the Department of Lands and Forests for this service. Northwestern Ontario operators paid over $512,000 in 195 , eraton--have ·addition-a responsibilities ( 1) Under the Forest Fires Prevention Act, and, (2) because w ductive forever and this industry, in which we work in operation forever. want to kefi lia r PREVE A Personal Letter To You If YOU are a supervisor (if your name is on this LOG BOOK you are) then YOU have the additional responsibility of being a LEADER. YOU must see that the Forest Fire Safety Rules are obeyed and also must assist in the organization and training of fire crews. This personal letter is an appeal to YOU to live up to YOUR responsi bi Ii ti es. The woods industry has a good record but i't can be bettered and action by you will help. A concerted effort by all supervisors will result in the achievement of our Association's aims printed below. Yours truly, Northwestern Ontario Timber Operators' Association, Forest Protection Committee, (F. S. Hick; T. S. Jones; G. R. Sonley; D. R. Stevens; R. S. Young.) .lei'i o#aue ,-.en j u(dJpro- ivisiora Make Each year for the period Apri I 1st to October 31st every person working in the woods industry has an additional responsibility. The woods worker must obey the "Forest Fi re Safety Rules" and prevent forest fires starting and he must also be ready to take his place in a fire crew to put out fires sitarted by some other person or agency or by lightning. f.id aW ilaMt.nad a 1 Ensur faer.O.t#N' THE FORE ,. ,_.IIM'P!IJllllll~.-.M!II!- - - - -- -~ Be fire safety conscious at all times. In 1954 woods operators in Northwestern Ontario spent over $80,000 on fire prevention activities. Make sure this / money is spent well. DO YOUR PART. DETECT Ensure that all employees report all fires AT ONCE. Ensure that communications are established with the nearest Department of Lands and Forests station. Report ALL Fl RES to the nearest Department of ~ands and Forests station, including lightning st7ikes 1n your area. SUPPRESS In 1954 the approximate replacement value fire equipment on hand was $513,000. T ment is costly to replace. Ensure that it !J condition and ready for IMMEDIATE US With this equipment in camp it follow should be men who know how to use it with the Department of Lands and Fore ize camp fire crews both pump a crews. Organize and practise. Repetition feet. No fires started by woods workers. fJ;rA fighting plan for each area . 7 .,edfrricrews -;----~.P.ed and q,,... I!' ..:"" to extinguish fires. ..., .....trtl#OIIIAIJO rrt111•4111.&ra-• -~ 7 L ,•, ' �LOG We Can Do It ,, J ( One of our Association 1 s aims is NO FIRES STARTED BY WOODS WORKERS Can this aim be achieved ? Let's look at the record for the years 1951, '52 1 '53 and '54. Thore were 41 fires attributed to LOGGING OPERATIONS out of a total number of 1289. Less than 3 per cent with thousands of men·~ in the woods each -year. A good record YES BUT _.,l_o ok at the fires caused by LOGGING OPERATIONS 19 by careless smokers 9 by burning sawdust piles 5 by faulty vehicle exhausts 2 by lunch fires •• l by overheated stove in bath house ·-,.:- .. .. l by ashes from cook stove being Pl.It . rn •!- garbage l by camp construction crew stove . ..... r •,.,:1 by brush being burned around camp site . -. . l by faulty power saw l by lost cutter lighting signal fire. Al I of these could have been PREVENTED ! Started by CARELESSNESS ? By not obeying simple rules? Of course - Let YOU and I do our jobs as supervisors check, check and re-check. We can achieve our aim of NO FIRES STARTED BY WOODS WORKERS ' The Power Saw -- A Fire Hazard? Power saws are here to stay. The number in use is increasing rapidly. Here are suggested rules: l. A fire extir.guisher of designated type to be kept within 50 feet of the saw at all times. Refuel saw on spot cleared to bare ground-e.g. skiddir'!g 1rai ls. 3. t-'ermit hot saws to cool 2 or 3 minutes before refuelling. 4. Avoid spilling gas; use a funnel or can with safety pouring spout. 5. Do not smoke when refuel I ing. 6. Do not start saw within 10 feet of refuelling place. 7 Do not leave saw idling when unattended. Set hot saw on log, stump, or bare ground. Not in ':iry durf or slash. 9. ~ep saw clean of sawdust and inflammable mate ri a I. 10. Clean carJOn from muffler and cylinder ports at least once a week. 11. Check saw every morning for defective wiring, leaking gas, and general repair. Saws must be checked periodically by supervisory staff and defective saws must be banned until brought up to st dard. With constant and intelligent supervision, the power saw fire hazard can be NIL. ermits rea of the Province of Ontario is now a 1 rea Any 1erson who will be taking an > canoe trip or anyone who ')Se of travelling in the bush "'quire a Travel Permit. 11its have a Travel Per- BOOK Honourary Fire Wardens i Key personnel in the woods industry each year are appointed Honourary Fire Wardens by the Department of Lands and Forests and this honourary position has important responsibilities, particularly in the prevention of fires. Honourary Fi re Wardens are appointed by the Minister of Lands and Forests and through the District Foresters they receive a badge and card of authority and instructions regarding their duties and responsibilities. Congratulations to all in the woods industry who have been ·appointed Hon,ourary Fire Wardens. You have a big job tq do. Do it well and help in this crusade to PREVENT- FOREST FIRES. Foresr .Fire Prevention Aid·s ASH "US E. 'YOUR TRAY" transfers, Smokey Bear Blotter·~-, .. sta.mps and l?u ttons, Maple Leaf "Prevent Forest . . Fires" transfers and various posters are available from • ·· .the ·· liclitor 6f ·•the··LoG BOOK, 3 Tomlinson Block, Port Ahhi.u:1 Ontario. Write and ask for a sample of the material s·,-9vai Iable. Be sure an~ 'review the posters available from the Department of Lands and Forests. Order a supply of those which apply to your operations, especially the Forest Fire Safety Rules poster. Special Poster A special poster will be distributed to camps in Northwestern Ontario by this Association. This special poster will give information on: Type of fire Organization of Fi re Crews ForeSJt Fi re Fighting. Movies 11 Fighting Forest Fires in Northwestern Ontario 11 11 Fighting Forest Fires With Hand Tools 11 and 11 Fighting Forest Fires With Power Pumps11 are avai Iable on request from the Editor of the LOG eooK. HIGH '· MEDIUM LOW NIL IE C IEf Arrange with the nearest Department of Lan Forests station to give you the Fire Weathe: Forecast DAILY. t I �LOG BOOK Detecting and Reporting a Fire You may be the one to see a fire first or be at the nearest phone when someone rushes in. If this happens YOU should - "Barber-Pole" Marker Recommended for Fire Cache Know the company procedure for reporting so that your company o.fficials and the Department of Lands and Forests know about the fire FAST. Give the following information: Proper location How b~g the fire is How fast the fire is b r • Action being taken at Further action to be ta Is help needed? Have You Checked Fire Fighting Plan? ~J o ur c .-(~ ' 111tltion 0 r 0~ ~ o e,ot9· ~o~ at•" CHECK YOUR PLAN FOR FIGHTING AREA AND REMEMBER TO TAKE IN THE FOLLOWING FACTORS: (a) ~- ... Major causes of fires in area. Past occurrence of fires location, seasonal period, time of day, etc. Forest type - kinds, density. Topography - flat, rolling, steepness of slopes, etc. Accessibility - how to get to a fire; transportation avai Iable; etc. Visibility. Meteorological factors - wind, temperature, relative humidity, depth of forest, precipitation, thunder-storm activity, length of fire season, etc. (The Department of Lands and Forests fire weather forecast takes into consideration these factors). fire control equipment in the area. Number of men available. (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) FIRE CACHE IN WOODS AREA Last year the Ontario-Minnesota Pulp & Paper Company Limited, Patricia Division, adopted a "BarberPole" marker for ,their fire caches. Portable stands which can be lifted by two men and easily placed on a ½ton truck were constructed. A stand holds enougl tools for a 12-man crew and includes 5 pack-pum 4 shovels, 3 grub-hoes or mattocks, 3 double-bi tJ axes and l single-bitted axe. These caches are ke_f{_ cutting areas and, as the cutting operation progress'es, the stands are moved so as to be ready for immediate action in the area where the men are working. The Forest Protection Committee of Northwe5t11 11 ern Ontario recommends that the Barber-Pole be adopted as a standard method for marking in the woods of Northwestern Ontario. Fire Course for. Supervisory Personnel The Department of Lands and Forests in co-operait ion with the woods industry in Ontario wi 11 hold two forest fire courses this summer. The first course will be held in the Great Lakes Paper Company Martin Depot Camp west of Port Arthur, July 11th to 15th, 1955. The second course will be held at the Dorset Ranger School, July 18th to 22nd, 1955. To affect standardizaltion in training methods, the sal;Y'l" • uctors will teach both courses J r,-~ .ay Training Program .ake arrangements with yo1.,, '1/11'.~trict Forester 'llist the services of the Department of Lands orests Fire Specialists in your company training UNLOADING �I / LOG Forest Conservation Week-May 23rd to 28th BOOK Care of Fire Suppression Equipment Sponsored by the Canadia~ Forestry ~ssociation, National Conservation Week will be held in Canada during the week May 23rd - 28th. How about YOU doi!'\Q._something to help Forest Conservation during .thix ,.period ?°'•, You can talk-up Forest Fire Prevention. There are many organizalio ris -~~ ·:;.· ·w hich will be very glad to have a speaker add'tei s them. Service clubs, Schools, Sporting wganizatioris, etc. wi'!I welcome a speaker during this week to remind their memb!:!rs of the need for Forest · Fire prexention. YOU can bring Forest Conservation .cJqs~r. it:a. home ~and do something in your own commun•ty- Uricluding ·the .wonien ·and children) so that everybody who w_orks in ~he woods industry realizes what Forest Conservation Week is for and is again reminded ·to be careful. Cases of arriving at fires with pieces of essential equipment missing or not in working order happen. Responsibility for this equipment should be detailed and the training given to fire crews should emphasize the care and maintenance of this costly equipment BEFORE and AFTER every fire. BE SURE TO HAVE THE CORRECT NOZZLE TIPS WITH YOU. BRAZE THE TIPS TOGETHER AND YOU WILL HAVE THEM. 1park Arrestors Necessary All camp buildings or operations in fire areas must be provided with approved Safety Spark Arrestors. The Nylund Spark Arrestor is an approved Spark Arrestor. Details of this Spark Arrestor may be obtained from the Editor of the LOG BOOK. BE PREPARED!!! j {~ I , ,o ~~ I PJ <> -- ./ I ' --~ .,..,........... _ .-<.,.-..,.,, --- -"'· ,,,..,. •• ~ ,, ~ "~ ~ Potential fire fighters and me■- · bers of fire crews can learn a lot Irom books, movies and lectures but there is no substitute Ior regular field drills using equipment. PRACTICE YOUR CREWS! 4 - -0---· ,\."'~ lf- ~ driver. When you ')~"'ray. Never throw •• aigars out of car -.ts green. 7DAYLOAN I I - - ~. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Log Book - Timber Operators' Association Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1955firebookLogBook Title A name given to the resource Log Book - Firebook 1955 Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource Log Book, published by the Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association. Firebook 1955. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Timber Operators' Association Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1955 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Shared with permission of the Ontario Forest Industries Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text