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                    <text>Lakehead University

�SEMINAR
OBJECTIVES

Contary to opinion, students who fail at university
(50% of those entering according to a recent report)
do not fail because of lack of talent or intelligence;
they fail simply because they do not know how to
apply themselves or how to study.
Thus, the Seminar has two major objectives:

To motivate the student and give him assistance on
how to motivate himself.

To introduce him to the study skills: reading, listening,
scheduling, taking of examinations, using the library
and writing essays and papers.

RECOMMENDED TEXT
On Becoming an Educated Person, by Virginia Voeks
(J,/. B. Saunders Company, $3.00).

�PROGRAMME AND
INSTRUCTORS

MOTIVATION, ATTENTION
AND CONCENTRATION
October 13:
8:00 p.m.
Dr. Jim Evans,
Department of Psychology

HOW TO STUDY
9:00 p.m.
Dr. Frank Colman,
Department of Psychology

HOW TO USE THE LIBRARY
October 14:
8:00 p.m.
Library Staff

HOW TO WRITE ESSAYS
AND PAPERS
9:00 p.m.
Dr. George Merrill,
Department of English

�THE ARRANGEMENTS:

DATES:
October 13 and 14, 1971

TIME:

8:00 p.m. each evening

PLACE:
University Centre Theatre

COST:
Free

Please direct inquiries to:

DEAN,
FACULTY OF ARTS,
LAKEHEAD UNIVERSITY,
THUNDER BAY, ONTARIO

�</text>
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                    <text>- Lakehead
~

UNIVERSITY

�PARTICIPATING STUDENTS
AND THEIR FAMILIES ARE PROVIDED WITH:
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FINANCIAL LITERACY AND
EDUCATION WORKSHOPS

STUDENT SPEAKER
SERIES

ATHLETIC MENTORS AND
ACADEMIC TUTORS

., ......,:.

HOW STUDENTS EARN
FINANCIAL SU PPORT

+
+
+

EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
IN THEIR SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY
ON-CAMPUS, GRADE-SPECIFIC
PROGRAMMING AT LAKEHEAD
UNIVERSITY
ACADEMIC SUCCESS

8

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Lakehm

Pubhc
Schools

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TO LEARN MORE:

Amanda Stefanile Achievement
Program Coordinator
(807) 346-7724
achievementprogra m@lakeheadu.ca

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ADDRESS TO FACULTY OF SCIENCE

BY JOHN HART

A PR IL 11, 19 6 8

ti b

�ADDRESS TO FACULTY OF SCIENCE

it is with considerable trepidation that I attempt a "state of the union 11
message The end of the year is a good time as any to think about the past and the
future of the Faculty and the University o There are a number of things that I want to
say, some of them very much on the minds of all of uso
O

I would like to recaU the faculty meeting of September 24, 1965 o It
might be worthwhile to have a look at the goals that were defined in the minutes
of that meeting; see how many of them have been achieved, and define realistic targets
that we should aim for over the next two yearso
First, researcho The aim was, that we should develop the small research
programs that were already in existence; add to them, and, in particular, approach NoRoCo
and other co-operaUve groups for fundso We now have lively research programs ~n every
department, and for two years in success~on have received more than $100,0000 in
grants from N. RoC. and other bodieso The Department of Biology have, or are just on
the point of having a co-operative project with all the Universities of Ontario and other
institutions in the Prov~nce in the Research Station at Black Sturgeon Falls ..
Second, but not less important, teachingo An attempt would be made to
initiate honors work in all existing departments. Honors programs are now
well established in most departments in the Faculty of Science.
Third, graduate work. It was proposed that the Masters program should
begin shortly after the Honors program had been initiated. There are now Masters
students in most departments, and PhoDo students are also working in the laboratories
of the Facu I ty.
Fourth, Computer Science. The addition of Computer Science faculty
members and equipment was mentioned as a likely developmenL We have an Honors
program in Computer Science and a computer that is being used ~nter alia by the
Faculty of Science for teaching and research
0

The faculty, demonstrators, instructors, technicians and the administration
have pulled together magniflcently to achieve this almost incredible development
(without, incidentally, the benefit of the long-range planning teams that other new
universities appointed long before they even opened their doors) o The University, I
trust, appreciates the strength and expertise of this Faculty and wH I continue to
give it the support and encouragement it deserves.

The time is ripe for a re~assessment of our goals and a personal statement
by me, to perhaps be regarded as semi-official, might be useful o After all, it is two
and a half years si nee a similar statement was made ..
Teaching .. A Dean has to balance research versus teaching. He has to do

�it in various ways--by ~ndhdduals, by departments, or even by Faculties; and ~tis a lucky
Dean j ndeed who is able to get somebody who i s a first-class teacher, enjoys teach !ng
600 first-year students, organises the teaching laboratories, undertakes wonderful
new research and at the same time, manages to serve on fifteen different comrrinttees
In practke, therefore, what a Dean looks for is a balance between var~ous ind~viduals;
and during the appo~nting procedure he examines with some care the relationship
between the present state of the Department and the applicant's published works,
his teaching performance 0 I try to assess where particular strengths are needed ..
1t is not al ways easy; sometimes we over-estimate and sometimes we under-esUmate.
The advice of the Chairmen and other faculty members is a help to the Dean in
making this assessment, particularly when there is doubt as to whether a man is
suitable for elementary teaching
0

0

The AO U C C .. , ~ might interject ,, has made a number of statements about
univers~ty teaching that are equivalent to being ~n favour of academ~c motherhood.. One
statement, in partkuiar 1 which we often hear band ied about is that the top people (w~thout
defining who these top people are) should be teaching first-year courses.. This i flnd
naive in the extreme 0 First year courses are important: we al I realise thaL But 8
on the other hand, an expert in a discipline teach~ng a first year course may turn out to
be disastrous: he simply may not have the flanr or the vocabulary to inspire his studentso
My views about the teaching of these important year one courses are simple .. Instructors
who undertake them try, if it is at al I possible, to get to the level of the students, hold
their attention and keep them busy with relevant work: some instructors, as they themselves are aware 8 lack knowledge of rudimentary instructional techniques and we might
be able to supply them with some expert guidance during the early part of each academic
year ..
G

0

The Dean has the problem of deciding how many instructors should be allocated
to a Departmentu how many people he should ask the President for.. We have to examn(le
the criterion to be used for assessing the size of a departmental staff: I have made one
point repeatedly, which is that the number of instructors in a Faculty does not depend
merely upon the number of students.. The number of instructors depends uponthe number
of courses being offered, and upon the amount of work other than direct classroom instruction
that a faculty member ~s undertak~ng This means that any formula used internally or
externally must be non=linear and must be heavHy weighted in favour of the smal I Department,
the small Faculty and the small Un!versity .. Formula financing on a linear basjs is
irrational.
O

The Committee on University Affa~rs, through its Chairman has rnad,e some
most extraordinary statements 0 One of them proposes a model for a university of the
size of Lakehead whkh is clearly, to the dimmest intellect, unworkable .. The figures
on which the proposal is based, however one tries to rationalise them, are absurd; the
administration, and in parUcular, the President, are losing no opportunity to point out
the absurdity of these figures. At the last meeting of the Council of Deans of Arts and
Science of the Universities of Ontario, I think the new universities, for the flrst time, made
their col leagues in the older institutions understand something of their problems ..

�Part of my responsibility is to keep the demands of individual departments
down to a reasonable size that I can justify to the President and the Senate o I have
to ask that the number of options be kept down: I include, not only the number of
options within a department, but duplication between departments and between
Faculties Whatever formula we use, we cannot afford to permit two instructors
to duplicate classes that are relatively small, Leo to classes with enrolments well below
the maximum (perhaps the optimum would be a better word). We ml.1st remember,
al so, however regretful I y, that large first-year courses make money o The money
makers are English la6, Psychology la6 and so on; which probably contribute very
heavily to our grant on a formula basis, but the warn~ng has to be made that neither
within this Faculty ow across the University as a whole should formulae in any way
be used to determ~ ne what resources a department needs.
O

We need the number of instructors necessary to teach the undergraduate
lecture and laboratory courses that have been approved over the past three years o
We have the approval of Senate to proceed to the Masters programo I would remind
you that these Masters programs would be heavy on faculty and that the Faculty
stated clearly that it is my job to make representation to the President or to the
Senate, or to whatever body is to decide on the distribution of funds, to ensure that
these programs come to full fruitiono A Ph.Do program, which I envisage, is not
heavy on staff (this may surprise the uninitiated), and once we have a good Masters
program going, the staffing of the Ph.D. program will not be a serious problemo
I should mention that one proposal made by the Committee on Univers~ty
Affairs was that we concentrate on inter-disciplinary subjects at the undergraduate
level o For example, there would be no Physics, Chemistry, but Chemical Physics,
no Physics, no Biology, but Biophysics. In practice, however, a small un~versity,
especially a new small university, must recognise the professional divisions that
exist in the scienUflc world. These divisions are perpetuated in professional
associations--the Association of Physicists, the Chemical Institute of Canada, the
Institute of Electrical Engineers and so on.. We would, indeed, be foonsh to attempt
to start graduating students with no clearly recogn~sed status in their discipline. I
am not suggesting that inter-disciplinary subjects are to be frowned on, and like
most of you I believe that the major advances lie in the interdisciplinary fields, but
to suggest that we specialize in joint fields because we do not have an adequate
faculty to offer each one individually is absurd ..
Researcho In research, we expect to develop interdisciplinary problems,
with strictly Iimited objectives.. The pulp and paper project and the Biological Field
Station have involved and will continue to involve a lot of people and a lot of hard
work as well. I would like to say a few words about the changing status of research
in this faculty. Research needs continuous encouragement of al I kinds including a
I ittle bit of need I ing and strong material support. It is always easier not to do research
than to do it: it is the job of each one of us to provide this material encouragement and
support. The professional status of this Faculty outside the university, as you well
know, rests on your individual satisfying relationships with scientists in Canada and

�-4outside Canadao These satisfying relationships develop only if reputation
in a particular field is established This is true of a department, of a faculty or of
a university as a wholeo In certain I imited fields, I have no doubt whatever that the
staff of this university, not only is capable of international status but will achieve
international status and wi II achieve it quite soon. In every other university (with
perhaps one or two smal I exceptions) research is a normal function, reflected in
conversation, correspondence and publication.. Teaching is not to be under-estimated:
it is an equal function with the research, perhaps a little more or a little less important
in various universities, but always in a Faculty of Science a normal function is
research, discussed on an informal basis at least as often as teaching iso
O

To cover undergraduate teaching effectively, we must have instructors with
wide interestso Not only do we have to have the teachers and the research workers,
but within fields, we have to have people interested in the different specialities within
each department so that we can truly say that our students are turned out with a good
undergraduate education But, paradoxically, the best results in research often come
when specialists work closely together in one fieldo The only cure is size--a srr.all
faculty will be below critical mass for both teaching and research ..
O

Administration. In the administration there are clear weaknesses and to
combat these, I would like to reiterate that we have two channels for communication ..
For day-to-day administration, the channel is from the instructor to the Chairman 0 the
Dean and the PresidenL I would I ike to emphasize that, attractive as such a course
might appear to be at the time, a short-circuit in this system weakens it in the long
run, and I would ask you to avoid a step in it only in emergencieso The second channel
is the one that we are using right now--for academic matters the channel is from the
instructor through the Faculty to a Senate Committee or the Senate., We have to
develop this channel in the next year or two, starting with formal recognition of Faculties
by the Senate: at the moment there is no such recognition., The Senate wil I consider
new courses in a Faculty despite the fact that these courses have not been discussed in
the Faculty itself; and I made the point, and I will continue to make it, that the opin~ons
of all faculty members are valuable: often a man will spot something that has been missed
by the people preparing the courses You saw two good examples of that to=day o So
I look for some more formal statements as to the function of the Facultyo I have obtained
from another university the constitution of a Faculty of Science which we might have
time to consider next year, subsequently presenting our own constitution to the Senate
for ratification e
O

One ward on the key to academic administration is registration, and we
know that next year the registration will be far more efficiently organised than it was
this year. The Calendar will be available, the regulations will be relatively well
known and furthermore, the students will be aware that they have certain responsibilities.
I have taken the liberty of asking Dr. Talbot and Professor Green to act as Deputy
Deans at registration, and directly the new calendar comes out they will sit down
and learn it from cover to cover. Their signatures on the forms wi II be approval of
a student in a course. The only students that come to me will be the extremely
difficult cases that they feel they would rather not rule on.

�-5I would like to make a plea at this time for restraint in the proliferation
of our regulations: they should be kept si mple o It is easy to pass a motion
requiring a student to meet yet another criterion: it is quite another matter to
ensure that he meets iL We have a Faculty of s~1ence CommJttee which is
examining some of the regulations, and I hope that committee will always keep !!1
mind the necessity for cutting out, rather than instituting new regulaUons o

----------"---------Speaking more generally now, this faculty is under considerable pressure.
We talk here about events that are taken as normal in other universities, as though
they were quite extraordinary and abnormal. In well-established universities, it is
wel I recognised that there are imbalances in budgets and course loads, and horror of
horrors I there are even imbalances in salaries: these facts of I ife, regarded as
perfectly normal at the larger more established institutions o I cannot pass this
opportunity without mentioning the documents presented by the senior members of the
Faculty of Arts. A number of staUstics are mentioned in those documents. Some of
them are correct and some of them are wrong; but that is not the point: the point is
that no author of this document has, to my knowledge, conducted a serious study to
discover whether, in fact, there is any true disparity. I hesitate to use the trite phrase,
11
1ies, damn I ies and stati sties II but the function of the University is not demonstrated
by figures on a piece of paper. For example, what is the weight of a published text
book? An inspired student? A perfect lecture? A model examination? What, for
that matter is the weight of a laboratory course: is it the nominal one-third that we allow
in the Calendar or should it have full weight as a lecture course? What is the relat~onship
of the problem marking assist.ants, essay markers, laboratory markers, laboratory
instructors and television assistance, what is their relationship to the faculty employed?
Wnat is the function of a Dean or Chairman? Tiiehousekeeping chores alone in a
science department; the ordering, the keeping of inventory, the chasing down of
recalcitrant members who phone orders in without covering them with a purchase request,
all these things take a phenomenal amount of time on the part of the Departmental
Chairman; and these functions do not exist to the same extent in other Faculties ..
One statement that I see in the brief of these senior members of the Faculty
of Arts with which we can live is that the Faculty of Science should not increase its
ratio of the total budget which it received. This statement! agree with and I would
certainly be prepared to act upon it, though it may cause us all some hardshipo In this
connection, the Senate is examining the necessity for a Budget Commit.teeo I have just
one observation about the Senate Committees, and that is that we should be careful of
imbreeding o In other words we should be careful that we have members on our most
influential committees who have not spent an inordinately large proportion of their time
in one university.
We have to show our colleagues in the other Faculties and Schools
three things. One is that research is essential to scientistso The second thing is
that we need continual financial support from the Universityo I do not mean from
other Faculties, and I eschew the use of a formula internally. It is a great pity that

�-6-

the Department of University Affairs, despite an explicit warn i ng that the formula
should not be used for that purpose, is using it, at least implicitly, on an internal
basis. The third thing, is that we need recognition that a full course load for a
scientist is at the very most two courses plus one full laboratory session , and we
have to discuss and discover what a full laboratory session iso
What developments do I see? So far as individual faculty members are
concerned, I see a change in the explicit statements to be made about tenure and
promotion procedures .. Whatever these procedures may be (and this is a matter for
the Faculty Association and the Administration) I mention only the academic
requirements that I forsee., First, a recognition of research to be assessed on a
basis not dissimilar to that used by NoR . C., Committeeso Second, but not less,
recognition of outstanding teaching. By outstanding, I want you to understand
exactly what I mean: I do not mean an attendance at class, a bare minimum of
problems marked and handed back, presence in the office at specified times: that
I do not regard as outstanding teaching., Outstanding teaching is very much more
than that.. It is a concern for the student, it is an ability to be recognised as a
fine teacher by ones colleagues inside and outside this university; and it is the
ability (and I would not attempt to define this ability) above all to communicate
enthusiasm for a subject to a student., The third requirement that we look for is
administration as a proper function. In other words, if someone is working on
committees and really working on them, then obviously this is a factor that must be
taken seriously into account.. On the other hand, if a person is a "joiner 11 , and
contributes very little, then clearly this is not a criterion that can be used by the
Chairman of a Department or a Dean in making the recommendations., These are
personal statements from me and no doubt there wil I be reactions to them which I
look for and welcome.,
Our business at hand is then as follows:We have to develop our good research projects., In passing, I would like to ask you
to consider whether in fact the faci I ities for research are not much better than some
of you are prepared to admit. The climate for research is not just provided by the
physical plant that is available: it is provided by the encouragement that senior
members of the faculty give to the junior members of the faculty in conducting their
research projects, and it is important that this climate should be fostered by the senior
members of the departments., Second, we must continue to improve the existing
undergraduate programs: immediately an instructor thinks that a course is perfect, that
is the time for him to stop lecturing.,
More specifically, we hope to develop the Geology and Computer Science
programso We have to develop and have assessed Masters programs and we must
institute Ph.Do programs possibly on a co-operative basis.
I have attempted to make projections for the number of faculty members

�-7that we shal I need over the next few years.. These are what I would consider to
be the minimum number with whom we can run the existing programs o The number
of students in the faculty being forecast to double by 197 0 it turns out that the
total number of faculty rise by about 37%. The faculty will rise for 1968 - 43;
1969 - 53; 1970 - 59. This is the minimum with which we can operate the
present and planned programs. (The number of students will rise from 220 th i s year
to 440 by 1970J Whether we can achieve even these figures under formula
financing remains to Ee seen ..
In closing I would just like to make one further remarko It is not trite
to say that we are fighting for the University.. We are a university, we have a charter,
we are required or charged with offering al I degrees-:-We need to turn our attent~on
outward. The President is our official representative so far as our external administrative
problems are concerned and I want not just to re-assure you but to reinforce very
strongly the impression that he is doing his damnedest outside the University. In so
far as he represents us administratively, it is our job to represent him academkal ly
at our academic and professional meetings, and especially in the learned journals ..

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