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                    <text>�----------------~

.

p r - U ~ ff~ N

:

"Be the first to enjoy and the last to worry"
- Dominic Man-Kit Lam

~~~~­
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�DOMINIC MAN-KIT LAM
How Lakehead shaped an international innovator in science and art
by Berton Woodward

There are a lot of what-ifs in the story
of Lakehead's first international student,
Dominic Man-Kit Lam (BSc Hons'67),
and how he became a global success in
science, art, business, and philanthropy.
What if he hadn't run into the Nobel
Laureate on the back stairs at Harvard?
What ifhe hadn't been playing with some
malfunctioning chemicals in a photo lab
one evening? And most importantly, what
if, as a new student from Hong Kong, he
hadn't met Donald Ayre in Montreal,just
as Ayre was leaving to take up a job as
registrar of Lakehead?
"My life would have been completely
different," agrees Dominic.
The way it turned out, he went on to
become a leading expert on the human eye
and to invent a groundbreaking procedure

for preventing secondary cataracts that
made him financially independent. At the
same time, Dominic's artistic sensibility
led him to create a new art form, known
as Chromoskedasic Painting, and he
has held exhibitions as an artist all over
the world, with pieces selling for up to
US$1 million. He has received the U.S.
Presidential Medal of Merit, and counts
former president George H.W. Bush among
his friends.
Devoted now to art and philanthropy,
Dominic created the World Eye
Organization, a self-funded charity that
is building eye treatment centres all over
China and aims to go global. Yet he still
stays on the cutting edge of science by
pushing forward with what could be a huge
boon for the 21st century: edible vaccines
for animals and humans.

"This is what education at
a university like Lakehead
gives you -you learn to take
calculated risks."
- Dominic Man-Kit Lam
And all of this began with Lakehead,
where his undergraduate years shaped
him into the truly exceptional and
unconventional individual he has become.
Or, as Dominic offers with a laugh,
"fearless and sometimes reckless."
Dominic is the kind of person who makes
an instant and deep impression on people,
particularly highly-educated people.
"Brilliant" is the word they usually use.
That showed early on when the
Lakehead University 1

�China-born, Hong Kong-raised teenager
talked his way into a top-notch Jesuit
school in Hong Kong during a meeting
with the vice-principal, Fr. A. Deignan.
This in tum led to a scholarship to
Montreal's Jesuit-run Loyola University,
where Dominic arrived in September 1964
at the age of 16.
Dominic, who calls himself "an impatient
person," always seemed to be in a hurry.
In his first week in Canada, he discovered
that you could do your undergraduate
degree in three years in Ontario, unlike the
four needed in Quebec. So he met with
Ayre, just finishing as registrar at Loyola
and Ayre - impressed - accepted him at
Lakehead. Dominic jumped on a train
for Port Arthur and, within two weeks of
landing in Canada, was ensconced at Mrs.
Robinson's boarding house and had a new
Fort William City scholarship.
"I had a really wonderful education at
Lakehead," Dominic says. "I chose math

as a major, because if I took liberal arts, I
would have had to write essays and read
a lot of books. Science would have meant
many hours of lab work. Math is basically
logic, and if you know it, it doesn't take
much study." The calculating student still
had to take English, though, and he fondly
remembers learning Chaucer and the
classics from the late John Rideout, chair
of the English department and a Rhodes
Scholar.
Mathematics Professor Emeritus John
Whitfield recalls Dominic as "quite
an academic force. He stood out in all
his classes. Anyone who met him was
impressed with his scholarship." But it
was his math instructor, now Professor
Emeritus William Eames, and his physics
professor, the late David Frood, who
would prove instrumental in setting him
on his path. "It's quite important in your
formative years to have great teachers like
these," says Dominic. Eames was a highly

After receiving his HBS cfrom Lakehead in just
threeyears, Dominic 1vent on to earn degrees from the
Universiry ef British Columbia, the Universiry ef
Toronto, and afaculty position at Harvard Medical
School in record-breaking times.

supportive presence in math, while Frood,
he says, "was the inspiration for me to go
into physics."
During his nearly three years in Port Arthur,
the man in a hurry managed to: 1) hold
down two jobs - at Canada Post sorting mail
during the week and at a Chinese restaurant
on weekends; 2) become a table tennis star,
starting on campus and ending up as Ontario
university singles champion - Professor
Emeritus George Ozburn describes
watching Dominic play "like watching the
Olympic competitions - really spectacular;"
3) join the Lakehead basketball team, and 4)
play guitar and sing in jam sessions in local
bars for pocket money. Oh yes, and 5) study,
giving him the first-class marks to enter the
University of British Columbia for his MSc
in theoretical physics, as Frood had urged.
"You got to know everybody at Lakehead
and these were some of the most joyful
years of my life," says Dominic. "It really
shaped my future."
Dominics contributions to science, medicine, art, philanthropy and business, earned him the admiration
ef former US. President George H. W Bush, 1vho invited Dominic to be a member ef the Presidents
Committee on the Arts and Humanities in 1988 and to have a one-man sh0111 in 2003 at the George
Bush Library and Museum.
2 Lakehead University

The following May, he was back at
Lakehead to teach a summer course in
physics, having completed his MSc in eight
months. Then it was off to the University of

�Dominic's charity, the World Eye Organization, is givingpeople back their vision and their independence l?J preventing and treating rye diseases in poor and isolated
regions. Dominic has also been involved with the "F/ying Eye Hospital" kn01vn as Pro/ect Orbis since 1980. This photo was taken in Guangzhou at the 30th
anniversary ef Orbis in China in 2012.

Toronto, where, fascinated by genetics and
the contributions physics could make to
medicine, he polished off a PhD in medical
biophysics in a little over a year, getting
a waiver to do so. At just 22, he was Dr.
Lam.

"I sized him up pretty quickly.
He is obviously a very brilliant
person."
- Torsten Wiesel, Nobel Laureate
Where next? Backed by a prestigious
federal Centennial Award, he had a list
of top universities to visit about doing
a post-doc and chose Harvard Medical
School as his first stop. But at Harvard
he was devastated to learn that the
world-leading visual scientists he was
there to meet, Torsten Wiesel and David
Hubel, had not yet come back from a trip.
Expecting to move on to Cambridge or
Cal Tech, Dominic was walking down the
stairs when he ran into just-returned Wiesel
coming up. The two went out for dinner,
Wiesel was impressed, and a mentorship
was born.

"I sized him up pretty quickly. He is
obviously a very brilliant person," says
Wiesel, who with Canadian-born Hubel
won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine in 1981 for breakthroughs in
visual information processing. Now 90
and president emeritus of Rockefeller
University, Wiesel is still in regular touch
with Dominic and often visited China with
him. "He has a way of engaging himself
in things and engaging other people in his
interests and passions," says Wiesel. "He
is one of the most dynamic and friendly
people you could meet. He is constantly on
the move, in science and in art."
Although Dominic had been doing Chinese
painting since he was six, his parents
opposed any thought of him taking up
brush strokes for a living. "If I could
not be a visual artist," he often says, "I
decided I would be a visual scientist."
Under Wiesel and Hubel at Harvard,
Dominic reached that goal, becoming a
neuroscientist specializing in vision and
joining the Harvard faculty at age 24. But
it wasn't long before he was head-hunted
as a professor of ophthalmology by Baylor
College of Medicine in Houston, Texas.

"I feel very blessed that I
have been able to use the
commercial value of my visual
art and the expertise of my
visual science to help the
visually impaired."
- Dominic Man-Kit Lam
There Dominic invented a drug against
secondary cataract, helped create a
cluster of private and academic research
centres, took his own company public,
and became lionized as "the father of
Texas biotechnology." By 1988, he was
financially independent and ready to pursue
his other dreams.
As part of his research at Baylor, Dominic
took black and white photographs of the
eye. On that what-if night in the darkroom
in 1980, he failed to mix the photo
solutions and found colours suddenly
appearing on the paper. "I got excited, and
very curious," he says. It later took him
and Kodak's B. Rossiter an entire article
in Scientific American (November, 1991)
to explain exactly how this phenomenon
Lakehead University 3

�occurs, but Dominic turned it into an art
form - dubbed Chromoskedasic Painting,
meaning "light scattering" - that can
produce giant, vividly colourful images.
Two samples of his paintings now hang in
China's famed Diaoyutai State Guesthouse,
where many visiting heads of state stay in
Beijing.
At Baylor, too, Dominic worked with
David Paton, chair of ophthalmology and
founder of the renowned Project Orbis,
in which a fully equipped airplane, the
"Flying Eye Hospital," travels the world
helping eye patients. Dominic, who got
Paton to visit China, was inspired by his
example. In 1999, when he moved back to
Hong Kong, Dominic established his own
charity. The World Eye Organization now
runs nine eye hospitals treating rural people
across China, with more planned. Dominic
channels the income from his paintings, as
well as other sources, to the organization.
"I feel very blessed that I have been able to
use the commercial value of my visual art
and the expertise of my visual science to
help the visually impaired," he says. "It's
like a trinity of bliss."
And there is more to come. Some 20 years
ago, Dominic published his first journal
article on the feasibility of edible vaccines,
then conceived as being incorporated
genetically into fruits and vegetables,
to target animal and human diseases,

from influenza to hepatitis B. This novel
production and delivery method would
be safe and far more efficient than costly
and cumbersome injections, especially
in developing countries. Even his two
children - son Fong, now a pediatrics
professor at Baylor, and daughter Yee, now
a lawyer in Los Angeles - got involved
in the research during high school. The
patented idea was hailed by Time magazine
in 2001 as one of the most important
inventions for the new century.

"You know, to be truly
exceptional and
unconventional, you actually
have to be bold because with
most major discoveries, people
might laugh at you for 20
years."
- Dominic Man-Kit Lam
Recently, amid the controversy over
genetically modified organisms, Dominic
and his colleagues have turned to vaccines
embedded in lactobacteria and contained
in rice-sized pellets, mixed with animal
feed, as the delivery method. This year, he
received the first patent on the technology
from Chinese authorities, who he hopes
will soon approve its use against avian
flu in chickens. "Animals will be much
faster," he says, "but we are targeting
five to IO years for making a health-food
hepatitis B preventative for humans, maybe
in tomato juice."
Dominic observes that in science, "asking
the right question is often the key to
a breakthrough." Lakehead's belief in
teaching people how to think, not what to
think, resonates deeply with him.

Dominic and his children 1ee (I) and Fong (r) at a
Christmas party in 2014. Thry have theirfather's
energy and drive and thry have become accomplished
prefessionals in their respective fields of law and
pediatrics.
4 Lakehead University

"You know, to be truly exceptional and
unconventional, you actually have to be
bold," he says. "Because with most major
discoveries, people might laugh at you
for 20 years. So you have to be brave
and not worry about what people think.
This is what education at a university like
Lakehead gives you - you learn to take
calculated risks. You know it's exceptional,
you know it's unconventional, but you
figure that the odds are on your side."

50th Anniversary
Memories
Dominic Man-Kit Lam will receive
an honorary Doctor of Science degree
at Lakehead's 2015 Convocation. We
asked him four questions about his
experience at the University.

What was your favourite song
while you were at Lakehead?
"Windmills of your Mind" by Noel
Harrison. It was so romantic yet so
philosophical. Even mathematical "Round, like a circle in a spiral..."

Was there a particular course or
professor that made a difference
for you?
Professor William Eames in
Mathematics. He gave me a lot of
confidence. I chose math because it
was easy for me, but it turned out that
math is also the queen of sciences and
the basis of logical thinking.

What is your most vivid Lakehead
University memory?
One of them is riding the train from
Montreal for 24 hours to get to
Lakehead. The registrar, Donald Ayre,
met me at the station. This was very
touching to me. I didn't know where
to go or where to stay. He helped me
get settled.

What are your thoughts on
Lakehead's 50th Anniversary?
I'm very excited to be part of this
event, and most appreciative and
grateful to the faculty for honouring
me. I'm also very impressed that the
medical school spends a lot of time
training students to work in rural
areas and among Aboriginal people.
In China, too, it is very difficult to
get doctors to work outside the cities.
Lakehead is setting an excellent
example for the rest of the world.
-- Berton Woodward

�Dominic
Man-Kit Lam
A LAKEHEAD

JOURNEY

In 2012, Dominic was invited by the International
Olympic Committee to paint "Millennium Olympic
Odyssey: From the Great Wall to River Thames," which
was exhibited at the Barbican Centre, London, during
the Olympic Games - it was also awarded a gold medal
at the Olympic Fine Arts Exhibition.

Doing a test in mathematics class
one day, Dominic Man-Kit Lam
remembers getting 100%.
Nice enough, but it was the response of
his Lakehead University math professor,
William Eames, that he recalls most
vividly.
"I wish I could give you 105," Dominic
remembers Eames saying. "Your solution
was more elegant than mine." For a
boy still in his mid-teens, that was a
tremendously supportive thing to hear. "It
gave me a lot of confidence."

Dominic Lam likes to say he was shaped
by Lakehead. But in some ways, you could
say Dominic helped shape Lakehead.
After all, when Dominic arrived in
September 1964 at age 16, Northwestern
Ontario's key educational institution - now
celebrating its 50th anniversary - was only
just becoming a university. Previously it
had been the Lakehead College of Arts,
Science and Technology, and it conferred
its first degrees in 1965, at the end of
Dominic's first year. Back then, there were
about 400 students and 40 faculty, and
Dominic was the first international student.

"He was quite an academic force,"
remembers John Whitfield, a retired
Lakehead mathematics professor
and a former senior member of the
administration who served as acting
president for a year. "He stood out in all
his classes. Anyone who met him was
impressed with his scholarship."
And that can mean a lot to an institution
that is still forming.
"Lakehead was very young at that time,"
says Whitfield. "We were just developing
and feeling our way. To have students
like Dominic come - especially from
Lakehead University S

�Dominic's MSc thesis 'The Gravitating Effect of Gravitation" (1967) and his invention of Chromoskedasic Painting (1980) have led him to interpret the universe
through his art. (Above is Dominic's 2015 painting '54. Better Tomorro1v: Companion.''.)

afar - lent a great deal to the stature and
credibility of the University. He was
probably the brightest student we'd had to
that date. So he really made an impact on
how we grew from that point."
Today, of course, Lakehead is a major
university with more than 8,500 students
on two campuses, more than 300 faculty
and 50,000 alumni. It ranks second in
Ontario among primarily undergraduate
institutions in the widely watched
Maclean 's rankings, and eighth in the
country. It gets especially high marks for

its strong support for research and its low
student/faculty ratio.
"Lakehead has grown into a significant
university in the country," says Whitfield.
"Having guys like Dominic around in
those early days helped us realize what the
potential could be."
Dominic was also a nice guy to have
around, according to Whitfield. "He was
a pleasant young man who got along well
with faculty and fellow students. It's not
easy sometimes for very bright students,
but I had the impression he was well-liked.
In the smaller upper-year classes, Dominic
always seemed to bring a sense of joy and
happiness to the class."
Dominic remains grateful that he chose
to study mathematics at Lakehead under
professors like Eames and Whitfield.
"My mathematics training was really
important," he says. "I greatly encourage
anyone, no matter what they want to be
in life, to major in math. It is the basis of
logical thinking."

Dominic am·ved at Lakehead at the tender age of
16 to mqjor in mathematics.
6 Lakehead University

During his studies, Dominic recalls, he
became interested in Einstein's relativity
theory, and went on to do his master's
in theoretical physics at the urging of
his Lakehead physics professor, David
Frood. "In the first three months, before I
even took my courses at the University of
British Columbia, I did my thesis on 'The

Gravitating Effect of Gravitation' under
Prof. F. Kaempfer," says Dominic. "If it
had not been for my mathematics training,
I would not have been able to do that."
"Math turned out to be better than
anything else I could have chosen. If I had
done physics, I would have been limited
to physical sciences. If I had studied
biology, I would have been limited to
biology. But if you study math, you are
not limited."

"In the smaller upper-year
classes, Dominic always
seemed to bring a sense of joy
and happiness to the class."
- Professor Emeritus John Whitfield
That solid grounding, leading to his
physics MSc and his medical biophysics
PhD, served him well at Harvard, where
he studied visual and neural science for
his post-doc under neurophysiologist
Torsten Wiesel, who won the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1981
with colleague David Hubel. "Dominic's
background in physics was good because
as a physicist you think differently,"
says Wiesel. "I often like to work with
physicists because they have a way of
asking questions which are different from
biologists. If you make it in physics," says

�'Dr.Lam,
'Witn 6est wislies ant£ appreciation,

Dominic, dubbed the 'father of Texas btotechnology," was awarded a US. Presidential Medal of Merit and also received this thank you note from the Republican
Presidential Task Force for his achievements.

Wiesel with a laugh, "you are better than
average."
Wiesel notes something else about his
student and longtime friend, drawing
an example from Dominic's sojourn at
Baylor College of Medicine in Houston,
Texas. "When he was at Baylor, he had
an amazing orchid garden, one of the best
collections in the country," says Wiesel.
"That's another aspect of Dominic. If he
gets interested in something, there is no
end to his passion. He wants to be the
best."
Indeed, when people are good at one
thing, they're often good at a lot of
things. At Lakehead, Dominic excelled
at math and physics, of course. Later
he would show off his talents in art,
business, science, and philanthropy. But
his other big strength as an undergrad was
table tennis.

By his second year, Dominic dominated
Lakehead's table tennis competitions,
becoming campus champion in singles and
doubles, and he qualified for the Ontario
Inter-Collegiate Athletic Association
tournament held in Toronto. Professor
Emeritus George Ozburn remembers that
journey well. Ozburn, who taught biology
and zoology, also coached Lakehead's
squash team, whose tournament was held
in Toronto at the same time.

6 pm on a Thursday. They had to be in
Toronto - about 1,400 kilometres to the
southeast - the next day, which meant
driving all night and arranging ahead for
gas stations to be open in the wee hours.
At one point, a policeman stopped them to
tell them the road was too icy to proceed,
but after they told him they had to get to

"Dominic was a standout table tennis
player, bar none," says Ozburn. "Watching
him play was like watching the Olympic
competitions - really spectacular. Nobody
could get a point from him."
Driving to Toronto in the winter of 1966
was "the trip from hell," he chuckles.
Ozburn, Dominic, and four squash players
piled into a rented bench-seat Pontiac three in the front, three in the back - at

Dominic with actor Jackie Chan
Lakehead University 7

�Toronto for their matches, "he said, 'OK,
just make sure you keep it on the road,"'
recalls Ozburn. "I don't think they'd do
that today."
They arrived in Toronto by 3 pm Friday
and played their tournaments at York
University's Glendon College. "Dominic
cleaned up in table tennis," says Ozburn.
By Sunday, Dominic was the Ontario
university singles champion (the squash
team won their provincial title as well).
Then they got in the Pontiac and drove
back to Lakehead in time for class on
Monday.
While in Toronto, they also managed to
have two great Chinese meals, thanks to
Dominic. "He seemed to know the places,"
recalls Ozburn. "Authentic Chinese food,
as he would say."

15,000-square-foot gym and an eight-lane
swimming pool. But facilities were limited
when Dominic attended, notes Ozburn.
"And being as bright as he was, he was still
committed to his education first."
Dominic was not the only international
student at Lakehead during his time there.
Two of his friends from the Salesian
School in Hong Kong, where he did his
lower grades, also spent a year at the
university - and both went on to major
prominence in the Hong Kong business
arena in later life. Henry Cheng Kar-Shun
and Douglas Chan Wing-Tak studied
business administration at Lakehead.

Dominic, who is tall, also played
basketball at Lakehead. " I remember
scoring the critical two points from the foul
line," he says. "It won the game."

At the time, Henry's father, Cheng
Yu-Tung, had established himself in the
jewellery business and was turning to
real estate. That enterprise became the
New World Development Group, a major
property firm in Hong Kong, and when he
retired in 2012, Cheng Yu-Tung was listed
by Bloomberg Business magazine as the
world's 34th richest man.

These days Lakehead boasts state-of-theart sport and fitness facilities, including a

lfenry succeeded his father as chairman
of New World, and Douglas wor_ked in

the company as a managing director for
many years. Dominic remains in touch
with both men and is currently creating
"Iridescent Gold" art works and jewellery
in collaboration with the Cheng family's
Chow Tai Fook Jewellery Group, now the
world's largest jewellery company. Having
reconnected with Henry and Douglas at
Lakehead, Dominic says, "we became
lifelong friends."
Dominic also credits his brother Louis for
giving him important support ever since
his Harvard days. Louis joined Dominic
in Boston at age 15 and followed him to
Houston, where both raised families. Louis
now serves as president of the World Eye
Organization (where actor Jackie Chan
chairs the international advisory board) and
other Lam organizations. "Louis not only
has a very good intellect and diligence but
also exceptional emotional intelligence,"
says Dominic. "I would not be able to do
many of my projects without him."
Nor, arguably, without the grounding
he got as an undergraduate. Today,
Lakehead may be a much larger and more
sophisticated university than it was in
those early days. But Whitfield, who sits
on Lakehead's 50th Anniversary Task
Force, sees a continuum across the years.
"Dominic and others made a significant
contribution to setting the standards for the
institution in terms of the kind of students
we wanted to develop," he says. "Now, 50
years later, essentially we still want to do
the same thing. People like Dominic are a
powerful example of the fact that it can be
done and that Lakehead is doing it."

"That's another aspect of
Dominic. If he gets interested
in something, there is no end
to his passion. He wants to be
the best."
- Torsten Wiesel, Nobel Laureate
In 1981, Dominic, his daughter Yee, his son Fong, his brother Louis, and their mother
gathered at Dominic} greenhouse in Houston.
8 Lakehead University

��~

Lakehead
UNIVERSITY

Internationa I

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