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                    <text>�LongLac

ONTARIO

, , ,
•Marathon
There are innumerable "good places" in the world. But many of them are
not "good places to live!'

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Fort Willia
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What makes a lovely location a "good place to live?"

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di

Well, first of all it needs people-men and women of vision and energy. It
needs people who are doing things, who like to get worthwhile things done. Such
men and women are planners and builders. They make good neighbors and
friends.
Then it needs some constructive effort at which these men and women can
direct their combined efforts. There must be some work to do and the facilities
for doing it and doing it well.
Given these elements, a lot of other things come along, the things that men
and women of enterprise want and work for in the place they call home. That's
what brings schools, churches, playground and recreational facilities, civic and
fraternal organizations.
In this booklet we reprint the story of what Terrace Bay, Ontario has become.
This town was planned and built by the Kimberly-Clark Corporation of Neenah,
Wisconsin, as the home for the people who operate the pulp mill of the Longlac
Pulp and Paper Co., Ltd. Written originally for the Kimberly-Clark company
magazine, "COOPERATION," this article should be of interest to those who would
like to know more about this beautiful town, which is truly a "good place to
live."

VIEWS OF TYPICAL residentiol oreos in Terrace Bay. Most of the
streets are oil-treated and a continual program of improvement
is in progress to provide Terrace Bay residents with all the

modern conveniences. Homes shown below are representative
of the permanent-type homes constructed for Terrace Bay residents. Extensive landscaping and walk projects are in progress.

Duluth~~
.
,I Super1or

_,'I
I

'

,,-J

'

WISCONSIN

MICHIGAN
HOUSES AND TREES makes the difference. Two important objectives in laying out Terrace Bay were preserving the trees and
providing houses that were attractive and varied. The first-time
visitor will survey the result as a truly pleasant experience,
regardless of the season.

IGHT YEARS from blueprint to its present advanced
development. That's the proud record of Terrace BayLongLac Pulp and Paper Company's townsite and mill
where modern living meets the wilderness on the north
shore of Lake Superior.
Like few places the traveller can see, Terrace Bay is
new-and modern. Its people have grown accustomed to
talking about their town as "Northwest Ontario's newest
community." They could add, without apology, "loveliest'' and "exceptionally well planned."
New the community certainly is. Its homes, its gently
curving streets, its carefully planned and located public
buildings, and its modern and efficient mills will tell you
that at a glance. But it is new in a beautiful. breathtaking
way. It shows that pioneering has come a long way since it
meant rough living and dangerous surroundings. It shows,
too, that we have people in our company who can apply
industrial know -how to the job of transforming bush country into a fine , modern place to live in an unbelievably
short space of time.

E

�THE ATTRACTIVE SOUTHERN exposure
of the Hotel Terrace. The 54-room hotel
looks down upon Lake Superior. The
center section houses the dining room
on the ground floor while the lobby is
on the second floor.

Terrace Bay is really two stories.
One is the mill-a complex of the
most modern pulping equipment
which annually produces more than
113,000 tons ($16 million worth)
of pulp from what was only a few
years ago no more than a home for
wild game. The other is the growth of
a complete community, which offers
in a spectacular, natural setting most
of the advantages of modern living.
You sense the difference in the town
immediately. If you enter by train
( the Canadian Pacific brings you in
from Port Arthur 140 miles west in
about three hours) your first glimpse
is strictly limited. Beyond the neat,
new railway station, you catch sight of
parts of a few houses atop a rise of
ground, pretty well hidden by the
trees. And it takes a bit of exploration
along the gently curving streets to
convince you that there are really
more than 3 00 such houses and more
than 15 00 people living here. If your
approach is by car on the blacktop of
the Trans-Canada Highway (No.
1 7), you have a similar experiencea few colorful houses tucked among
the trees-before you see the striking
lines and the inviting appearance of
Hotel Terrace, just off the highway
and commanding a lovely view to the
south of the terraced slope toward
Lake Superior from which the location
takes its name.
From the hotel, you can see the
town's business section, spotted almost

casually among the trees and with no
more attempt to squeeze it together
than has been made with the houses.
You can see, down the hill, the modern 22-bed community hospital, and
here and there the tops of other homes.
Past them goes the road which leads
down to the lake front and the river
mouth.
The houses themselves contribute
much to the impression the town
creates on the visitor. Necessarily, they
had to be somewhat standardized, but
the casual observer isn't aware of the
standardization. The plans were varied
somewhat from house to house. Exteriors were finished differently and
painted in a host of bright colors.
Units are set into the terrain and
among the trees in a casual and pleasing way. Generally the h&lt;;mses are
paired, so the wives can look across
lots from a kitchen window and see
the neighbor's kitchen window. But
living rooms face away from each
other for privacy.
The housing program got under
way right at the start- in 1946. More
houses have been built annually, until
now the demand is nearly filled. There
will be a continuing program of building, but on a smaller scale than in the

ANOTHER VIEW OF
the modern exterior
of the Hotel Terrace.
This night photo
shows
clearly
the
lobby on the second
floor w h i I e I h e
ground floor dining
room of the hotel's
center section is also
illuminated.

ONE OF THE corner rooms of Hotel Terrace that overlooks Lake Superior as
do many of the other rooms. The hotel
was designed to capitalize upon the
scenic beauty that surrounds the location, as this room would indicate.

past. Houses are maintained by a
special townsite crew, which does the
repamng, remodelling, maintenance
and landscaping.
While the large majority of the
town residents are living in houses,
there are still dormitory quarters provided for the single men near the mill.
Single girls live at the hotel, or with
families in some of the private homes.
Terrace Bay's Schools

Schools have been in operation at
Terrace Bay longer than the mill
has been running. First classes were
started even before the first public
elementary school was ready. But that
building opened its doors in 1948,
and a lot of juvenile feet have scuffed
along its corridors since.
Schools have been of great importance, if for no other reason than the
tremendous potential clientele. A recent school census counted exactly
5 71 youngsters in town-3 00 of
them in the school age bracket and
almost as many under 5 years of age.
That's why the addition in 19 5 2 of
a new Continuation School (High
School) and a Separate School (for
the Roman Catholic elementary grade
pupils) was most welcome. Even with

the new space, the following year
there was a net gain of 5 7 new pupils
in the public school elementary grades.
For several years it was necessary
for pupils of high school age to make
a daily bus trip to the neighboring
town of Schreiber, a distance of nine
miles. This year, however, they have
held classes in their own modern , well equipped building. A full course is
offered on the high school level with
the exception of vocational courses.
The three teachers who comprise the
faculty are a versatile group, handling
a full course including science subjects.

MODERN LABORATORY of the high school is shown in this view. With so many
young families among Terrace Bay 's population unusual emphasis has been put on
the school planning for the community.
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The Improvement District

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Terrace Bay's municipal affairs are
administered by a Board of Trustees
appointed by the Department of
Municipal Affairs of the Ontario provincial government, which carries the
responsibilities normally handled by
elected representatives. Their duties
are specified by statute, and they function as the townsite governing body
under the provisions of the statute. In
addition to providing the municipal
services, they are in charge of all townsite facilities, including the schools
and public utilities. The hospit-al is
controlled by a private hospital board.

The Mill
The heart of all this amv1ty and
growth, the pulp mill. will complete
its sixth year of operation in 19 54. It
does not impose itself on the attention
of the visitor by dominating the town.
As a matter of fact, located more than
. a mile from the townsite, it can be
spotted from the residential area only
by its smokestack. It is quite the
normal thing in a pulp mill town. that
the pungent sulphate odor generally
reminds visitors and residents of the
industrial activity going on. But not
so here. The distance from the town,
the location of the mill, and the prevailing winds combine to keep the
town almost always free of the mill's
"long tom."
The mill is approached along a road
lined with jackpine. and its clean lines
suggest the modern layout and up-tothe -minute machinery it houses. Its
rated capacity is 300 tons daily of
bleached sulphate pulp. though it has
produced substantially more tonnage
over extended periods.
Wood arrives at the mill by water
after an 80 -mile water journey from
the woodlands operations at LongLac,
Ontario. During the summer months,
a steady stream of spruce. jackpine

SEPARATE SCHOOL (above) for
elementary pupils opened its doors
for the 1952-53 school year with
classroom facilities comparable to
those of the public school, but with
fewer pupils. Its faculty includes
three.

FINALE OF ANNUAL Christmas program
is shown al left. The Public Elementary
school has excellent modern facilities
and a staff of seven teachers.

MAIN ENTRANCE OF high school
is shown here. Opened in the foll
of 1952 , it hos a faculty of three
and provides classrooms, laboratory and gymnasium.

( with some poplar ) logs in 8 and 16
foot lengths floats into the boom area
on Hays Lake, the artificial body of
water impounded by the Hydro dam.
A special jackladder crew keeps the
wood moving to the mill along a
3,300 -foot rubber belt conveyor said
to be the longest such on the conti -

�nent. At the mill, wood cut into 4foot lengths, barked, goes either to the
chippers or out to the woodyard, to
be stored in one of the six huge blockpiles.
Serving the woodyard is another
2,950-foot endless rubber belt conveyor, which is unusual in that it not
only carries wood to the yard but is
built so it can return reclaimed wood
to the mill when it is needed for operations.
After barking, the wood headed for
pulping is cut into small chips in a
chipper, and these are temporarily
stored in chip bins with a 300 cord
( 12 hours' supply) capacity before
going into the digester building. The
digesters are six unlined metal tanks
42 feet high and 11 feet in diameterking-sized pressure cookers designed
to cook wood chips at 11 0 pounds of
pressure for a three-hour period. The
cooking liquor, primarily caustic soda,
together with the heat provided by the
addition of steam, dissolves the lignin
which holds the wood fibers together,
and at the end of the cooking period,
the resulting "brown stock" is removed to a "blow tank. "
After washing. screening and thickening, the stock moves on to the
bleachery, where it passes through a
continuous process of five stages. Its
color is transformed from a dirty

brown to snowy white, and it is ready
for the final stage of processing- drying and packaging. The stock is
pumped to the head boxes of two
Kamyr wet machines, 13 6" wide,
which form it into a continuous web
of about 30% consistency. After passing through two heavily-grooved pressure rolls (which gives the pulp its
grooved appearance) it travels through
Flake dryers to remove the remaining
moisture, and is then cut into sheets,
assembled into 500-lb. bales, compressed under a 600 -ton hydraulic
press, wrapped and loaded for shipment to other corporation mills. Some
7 cars of product leave the mill daily.
and only a small amount of finished
pulp is ever kept on hand at the mill.
This is an abbreviated de.scription
of the highly mechanized mill process,
and makes no attempt to describe the
necessary steps of making and renewing the cooking liquors, the chemical
recovery system, the lime kiln, or the
various service functions.
It is perhaps significant that this
mill, which was as modern as it could
be made at start-up time in 1948, has
already seen some extensive improvements. Recently the original bark
presses were replaced by a more efficient type. (This equipment squeezes
the water from bark preparatory to
burning it as fuel in the mill boilers. )
Just in its final stages is work on converting the drum barkers from the
conventional chain-suspended type to
submerged barking, where the logs
pass through the barking drum under

CHURCHES OF THE TOWN conform to the modern, functional pottern. Below is SI. Martin's Catholic Church,
which has a large, active congregation.

water. This change makes for a
cleaner job and less maintenance on
the barking equipment. New equipment has been added to remove more
bark from the sewer water, making for
a cleaner discharge from the mill.
The recovery system has been improved, too, with the addition of a
new lime slaker and a larger hot lime
bin. In the pulp mill, a turpentine recovery and storage system has been
put in, which makes possible the reclaiming of turpentine and its sale as
a by-product whenever the turpentine
price level might make this financially
attractive. Equipment to reclaim knots
and flat screen rejects has been put into operation, getting from them both
fiber and chemicals that are now
wasted.
In the bleachery, a new sewer system has been installed to eliminate a
serious foaming problem. Equipment
has also been put in to permit bleaching pulp to a higher brightness required by some of our outside buyers
of pulp. Other changes made have
been of a minor nature, but over-all
they show that the mill is meant to
stay in a condition of maximum efficiency and usefulness.
Employment Figures

Employment at the mill has grown
steadily since the start-up, until last
year the average stood at close to 650.
There is some seasonal variation. During the winter months, after ice closes
in on the jackladder and the wood is
all in the yard for the cold weather

THE COMMUNITY CHURCH was the most recently completed and serves
the religious needs of the Protestant residents with a year-round and
varied program.

and the weather reduces townsite work
to a minimum, the total drops under
the 600 mark. At the high point, during summer months, it may touch
700.
AH this employment, and the related expenditure of funds, is a sizable
segment of the area economy. Payrolls
during 19 54, for example, poured
$2,609,000 into the region-and it
found its way to merchants and businesses all the way from Toronto to
Winnipeg.
Even larger amounts, and a wider
area, are involved in the procurement
of materials for the mill operation.
Wood, of course is a major item, and
that is provided by the company from
its operations centered at LongLac,
Ontario. All of the more than 16,500
cords a month used at Terrace Bay is
cut and moved by the company's
woods organization, which, with its
cutting crews, administrative and supervisory force, clerical help, and now
the sawmill crews, runs at an average
employment rate over 1,000.
A wide area of Canada is involved
in providing the other raw materials
at the mill. Ten cars a month of lime
is provided by quarries at Beechville,
Ontario, and from north of Winnipeg,
Manitoba. Salt cake-IO cars monthly
-comes from three locations in Saskatchewan. Chlorine comes from Quebec at the rate of 14 cars monthly,
and a similar amount of caustic is purchased from suppliers at Beauharnois.
Quebec, and Windsor, Ontario. Wrappers come from Spruce Falls, at Kap-

THE SHOPPING CENTER, located near the
and

uskasing at the rate of some four cars
monthly. Coal is purchased at the rate
of 60 cars monthly from a supplier
at Fort William. Electric power is
provided by the Ontario Hydroelectric
Power Commission. Water, treated in
the mill plant, comes from Lake
Superior 650 million gallons a
month.
Terrace Bay's Neighbors

The railroad through the town is
the southern rail artery of the Dominion, and it has been there a long
time-more than half a century. It
is a busy link in Canada's growing
economy, as can be seen from the
traffic over its rails. Seven passenger
trains daily go through the town, and
a number of freight trains. The weekly freight bills on incoming and outgoing materials are close to $50,000.
Until 19 5 3, the railroad was the
only link to the east; but that summer. the steady progress on highway
construction over the rugged and

HEART OF THE COMMUNITY is the 300-ton pulp mill, located about a mile from the
townsite with only the smokestack visible from the residential area. The mill completed
its sixth year of operation in 1954.

race Bay's modern hospital. The hospital is completely equipped and is controlled by a private hospital board.

beautiful terrain, reached Marathon,
Ontario 40 miles to the southeast on
the lake shore. Schreiber, a railroad
division point on the Canadian Pacific,
is 9 miles west, but the nearest big
shopping centers are the Lakehead
cities of Port Arthur and Fort William, 140 miles west. In this territory,
however, such distances are not imposing, and weekend shopping trips to
these places are commonplace among
Terrace Bay families. Busses to Lakehead are scheduled four days a week.
There is an eagerness about the progress on the highway that indicates
to the newcomer a strong desire to see
wider horizons for the casual weekend
trip.
Leisure Time Activity

The location of the town-its relative isolation and its need to be selfcontained with regard to spare-time
activity-is reflected in an elaborate
program of recreation. The program
has aimed at being as nearly autonomous as possible, and this has been
more or less generally achieved. Certainly there is no lack of things to do.
Demands are heaviest on the coldweather sports, including bowling,
hockey, badminton and curling. There
are 3 7 bowling teams in six leagues.
Curling keeps 90 men and 60 women
occupied all during the winter months.
Some 175 men and boys sign up every
season for hockey, including the house
league program, the North Shore
Hockey League team and the youngsters. Badminton followers number
3 0. Volleyball and basketball have just
g~tten underway.
Summer recreation includes an active softball program put on by 8
men's and a woman's team. There's

�team, a tennis
program ( there are two clay
courts) swimming, including instruction for the children, boating,
rifle shooting, and perhaps others.
Dances are popular in season, and
there are two local orchestras to provide the music.
Tourists and Visitors

Despite the location of Terrace Bay
at the end of the highway up until
recently, and the otherwise limited access to it, there have been some tourist
visitors. The town would welcome
more. And you can get an enthusiastic
appraisal of the area as a vacation spot

from any of the people who have
made the trip. They will speak with
feeling of the scenery along the North
Shore Drive from Duluth. Beauty is
plentiful, and there is no more comfortable place for the refugee from
heat or from allergy-inducing pollens
than the north shore area.
Outdoor lovers will find the spot
one of rare delight. Terrace Bay natives caution that fishing, while good,
is not the pursuit of the luke-warm
sportsman. The man who would bring
home fish from stream and lakes in
the area must be willing to work a
lot and suffer some. And he will need
a guide. Lake Superior offers lake

WOOD ARRIVES at the mill by water and arrives into the boom area on Hays Lake, the
artificial lake impounded by the Hydro dam (picture 1, below). A 3,300-foot rubber
belt conveyor, said to be the longest such on the continent, moves the wood toward
the mill. Another 2,950-foot rubber belt serves the woodyard ( picture 2). Picture 3
shows one of the mill's digesters, a king-size pressure cooker designed to cook wood
chips at 110 pounds of pressure for a three-hour period. Picture 4 was taken in the
highly mechanized pulp storage building of the Terrace Bay mill.

trout fishing as good as any in the
world almost at Terrace Bay's doorstep. But this again is a field for experts. However, K-C people who want
to try it will find they can make arrangements for an expedition that
could produce some silvery beauties
within sight of the town. There are
some hunters among the Fish and
Game Club there.
Young Town-Young People

Terrace Bay is a young town. Its
people are young people-the average
age is something like 3 2 among all the
company employees. But among them
is a strong feeling of pride in the place
they have built or come to- the same
kind of pride that must have stirred
the ambitions of an earlier generation
of pioneers. The enthusiasm they have
for doing big things, and for boosting
their town and company is an inspirational experience.

LONGLAC, ONTARIO is another of northwest Ontario's newest communities. It is the headquarters of the woodlands organization that provides the wood for the Terrace Bay mill. This aerial view of the town, with a pulpwood
boom in the background on Long Lake, is another example of how industrial know-how can be applied to the job
of transforming bush country into a modern place to live.

In the pulp and paper industry, part
of today's job is planning for the future. When you build a mill and a
town, you want to know that it will
be there, running profitably, for a
long, long time. Otherwise you can't
afford to invest the necessary amounts
of money.
In Canada, the future of a paper
mill is the future of the forests.
When a mill is planned, it is planned around the supply of spruce and
jackpine in the forest limits assigned
to the operation, and the capacity of
those limits to produce a crop year after year. And, because the trees that
will be made into pulp 100 years from
today may just this year be starting to
grow, your vision has to be broad
enough to see today's problems in the
light of opportunities that will belong
to your great grandchildren.
For that reason, part of the Terrace
Bay picture- and an important part

-1s found many miles from Terrace
Bay. At LongLac, Ontario, 100 miles
north of the mill, is the nerve center
of the woodlands organization that
supplies the woodyard of the Terrace
Bay mill. Around LongLac's recently
completed headquarters building, the
Terrace Bay story has been duplicated
on a smaller scale.
The main part of this community
is a group of 5 6 new, neat, picturesque houses, plus a 40-guest staff
house. Schools, churches, and other
civic necessities have been provided
for the town's 700 residents, a number of whom are directly engaged in
the many jobs connected with getting
out the wood for the Terrace Bay
mill. With LongLac as the hub of
operations, a web of roads and camps
have opened up the surrounding territory and jobs for some 1,000 workers have been created in the harvesting, care and planting of forest lands

as well as the operation of a sawmill
at the townsite.
LongLac, like Terrace Bay, was
planned and built to be there for many
generations. The town was planned
and built to care for families, and to
grow future citizens, as evidenced in
the schools, the recreation and community activity and its civic pride.
Similarly, the community is doing
the work necessary to perpetuate its
livelihood. At LongLac, they never
lose sight of the next crop of trees.
Even as they harvest one crop, they
are taking the steps necessary to make
sure that another one will spring up
to replace it. And to provide them
with the young trees that nature
sometimes fails to start, LongLac has
its own forest nursery, as well as
nursery help from an affiliated company at Kapuskasing, Ontario.
It's all part of a single big picture
- a competent staff using the best of
proven forestry techniques in a carefully cut and cared for forest.

�•

Terrace Bay is a busy town. Its people, in addition to doing an important job of
producing high -grade pulp, apply their skill and energy to making theirs a well rounded life. To do this, they have fashioned a nicely-balanced variety of leisure time
activity.

this can be seen in the fact that two of the best known fishing derbies in
the province are at Rossport and Jackfish, two North Shore neighbors of
Terrace Bay in which commercial fishing plays an important part in the
local economy.

Nature has helped them in these efforts so that Terrace Bay offers a healthy variety
of recreation. For those who like group activity and athletics, there is plenty to do.
And those who prefer the outdoor, more individual type of recreation can find it in
abundance . This is truly the "front door of Canada's beautiful outdoors."

Terrace Bay's derby is open to visitors who will find the spectacular
scenic beauty enough reward even without one of the many prizes offered
for the luck of a fisherman.

Typical of the latter kind of fun is the annual Terrace Bay Fishing Derby. This is
perhaps one of the best-known of Terrace Bay's sporting events, with entrants listed
from all along the North Shore area and even from the United States. It has been an
annual affair since 19 51, sponsored by the Terrace Bay Fish and Game Association
and run by their membership.
The object of the derby is the silvery, deep-bodied, hard-fighting lake trout. No where in the world is there such fine lake trout water as Lake Superior, with its clean,
deep, icy-cold water. A large part of the commercial lake trout catch comes from its
waters. And the miles of rocky shoreline and deep water along the Canadian shore of
the lake put this area among the best places for sport fishing for this species. Proof of

5

Leisure time activities and an elaborate recreational program are provided for Terrace Bay residents. Pictures on this page depict some of the
pastime activities. No. I shows group enjoying sociability of the beverage room. Terrace Bay youngsters playing hockey are shown in picture
2. Bowling, ten pins and five pins are popular pastimes enjoyed by crowd
in No. 3. Patrons are enjoying the cocktail lounge in picture 4. The everpopular curling is one of the major sports for Terrace Bay-ites, No. 5.
Badminton is the game being enjoyed in picture 6. "Allemande Left,"
and the square dancers skip to the command of the caller in No. 7. The
gentleman to the right. No. 8, displays a fish that won one of the big
prizes in a recent fishing derby.

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Newest of the community's is the Recreation Centre, which is
a year-round focal point for recreation for all age groups.
Its hockey arena and four curling sheets are equipped for
artificial ice.

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