222 10 13079 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/5/2727/040908-002a.jpg a81160fd5443449945b9e030eede46ac Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource General Archives Description An account of the resource Archival records that don't belong to another listed collection. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dump at 4 below lower Dominion Creek, Klondike 1902 Subject The topic of the resource Mining People Description An account of the resource Sepia-toned photograph of a dump of mining material on 4 below lower Dominion Creek, Klondike. The Trolley system is visible in the photo. Captions on image: "$500.000 dump at 4 below lower Dominion Creek", Goetzman photo" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource H.J. Goetzman Studio Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1902 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context A0014#136,Z/13 scan#040908-002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Donated by Mrs. Cochran 1902 Dominion Creek gold mining Klondike Yukon https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/5/2728/040908-003a.jpg 1c551a22c0dabf2903a83a549aa0d678 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource General Archives Description An account of the resource Archival records that don't belong to another listed collection. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dawson hockey team, Klondike Subject The topic of the resource Sports People Description An account of the resource Sepia-toned group portrait of a hockey team. Individuals are identified as follows (back row l/r) Marsden, London Eng; McLelland, Kingston; Tiffin, Stratford; Young, Ottawa; (front row l/r) Stevenson, Toronto; Calvert (Manager), Montreal; Nourse, Winnipeg." Inscription recto: Dawson Hockey Team. Marsden, London Eng; McLelland, Kingston; Tiffin, Stratford; Young, Ottawa; Stevenson, Toronto; Calvert (Manager), Montreal; Nourse, Winnipeg. Caption on image: "Goetzman Dawson 334" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource H.J. Goetzman Studio Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1900s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context A0014#136,Z/13 scan# 040908-003 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Donated by Mrs. Cochran Dawson hockey players hockey team Klondike Portrait https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/5/2729/040908-004a.jpg 0e7bd5497cd72d4d148c526a6dbc8c3b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource General Archives Description An account of the resource Archival records that don't belong to another listed collection. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Winter travel in the Klondike Subject The topic of the resource Mining People Description An account of the resource Sepia-toned photograph of an outdoor winter scene. Goetzman's four dog team is stopped on a frozen trail. The sled has elevated wooden sides and advertizes Goetzman's Photo Studio. Caption on image: "Goetzman Dawson 012" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource H.J. Goetzman Studio Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource circa 1899 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context A0014#136,Z/13 scan#040908-004 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Donated by Mrs. Cochran Dawson Dogsled Goetzman trails winter https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/5/2730/img20200716_12285623_[2].jpg cd738fac46c2e0d7b7564611c2bfd842 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource General Archives Description An account of the resource Archival records that don't belong to another listed collection. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Klondyke photographs cover Subject The topic of the resource Mining People Description An account of the resource Brown stock paper covering a photo album that contains over 40 photographs of the Klondike circa 1897 - 1904. Donation No. , Archive No. and Box No. are located in the upper left of the album. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource H.J. Goetzman Studio Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1897 - 1904 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photographs Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context A0014#136/Z13 scan#img.20200716_12285623 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Donation by Mrs. Cochran 1897 1903 Klondyke photo album photographs https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/5/2731/img20200716_12365822_[2].jpg 29da4832ac8db1a1c6238bb850080041 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource General Archives Description An account of the resource Archival records that don't belong to another listed collection. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Donor inscription on verso of the title-leaf of the album Subject The topic of the resource Mining People Description An account of the resource Inscription "To E.E. Tiffin, With the Compliments of the Photographer Dawson, Y.T. - Aug. 2 - 1902" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource H.J. Goetzman Studio Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 2, 1902 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Donated by Mrs. Cochran Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context A0014#136,/Z13 scan#img.20200716_12365822 1902 August Dawson E.E. Triffin inscription Klondyke photo album Yukon Territory https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/5/2732/230708-001a.jpg 19a34dee4af8c49bc8259434d4f1c2f8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource General Archives Description An account of the resource Archival records that don't belong to another listed collection. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Stampeders ascending Chilkoot Pass with tents and supplies in the foreground, 1898 Subject The topic of the resource Mining People Description An account of the resource Stampeders preparing for ascent at Chilkoot and Pedersen Pass with supplies and tents in the foreground , Alaska, spring 1898. Image on caption: "Ascending Chilkoot Pass, Spring of 1898"; "En route to Klondike Gold Fields" (series) #603 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource H.J. Goetzman Studio Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1898 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Donated by Mrs. Cochran Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context A0014#136,Z/13, scan#img20200610_11023714 Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image 1898 Alaska Chilkoot Pass (Alaska) Chilkoot Trail paths stampeders trails https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/5/2733/img20200610_11075453_[2].jpg 4ade3c226f640ebc7870d4bdea4cc57f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource General Archives Description An account of the resource Archival records that don't belong to another listed collection. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Stampeders ascending Chilkoot Pass, Alaska Spring 1898 Subject The topic of the resource Mining People Description An account of the resource Stampeders ascending Chilkoot Pass with supplies and tents in the foreground, Alaska spring 1898. Image on caption "Ascending Chilkoot Pass, Spring 1898", "En route to Klondike Gold Fields" (series)#602 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource H.J. Goetzman Studio Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1898 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Donated by Mrs. Cochran Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context A0014#136/Z13 scan# img20200610_11075453 1898 Alaska Chilkoot Pass (Alaska) Chilkoot Trail paths stampeders trails https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/5/2734/img20200610_11292182_[2].jpg b6199c4b9147e5b445f7892eae23c9a4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource General Archives Description An account of the resource Archival records that don't belong to another listed collection. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Scene at Bennett, Spring of 1898 Subject The topic of the resource Mining People Description An account of the resource Panoramic view of Bennett on Bennett Lake, British Columbia, head of navigation. Captions on image: "Scene at Bennett, Spring 1898", "En route to the Klondike goldfields", "608, Copyrighted Goetzman Dawson" Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Donated by Mrs. Cochran Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context A0014#136,Z/13 scan#27080-002 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource H.J. Goetzman Studio Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Spring 1898 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Bennett Bennett Lake British Columbia panoramic tents https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2735/1974_Vol_1_No._12_CV01.pdf 5f0c5a6556c3be1fdded58661dad90b1 PDF Text Text ilitkisli\\%1'ts 44,0 ak -ace. 4400* PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL POLICY The newsletter group,(a separate yet supportive group of the Northern Women's Centre)reflects the complexity of the make up of the Northern Woments Centre as a whole. Being a smaller, unified group, editorial board of The Northern Woman will the attempt through collective creative and thought-provoking comments, to respond to, and express (through a consensus of opinion) their reactions to various articles, letters and timely topics of interest. Through such a policy it is hoped Woman will become a tool for women that The Northern to develop an increased understanding of their situation and forces affecting their lives. EDITORIAL: Our cover is a reproduction (thanks to Doreen) of a poster created by The Chicago Women's Collective. We feel it is particularly appropriate this month as we are dealing in part with a VERY FRUSTRATING ISSUE -- R A P E. It has been calculated that a rape takes place in the U.S. about every 7 minutes; few, however, are reported and even fewer are convicted. Here in Northwestern Ontario there are several rape cases presently in the courts, Unfortunately, it is doubtful that these cases will produce any earth-shattering results -- in fact, little can be done until vast changes in our legal system and our social attitudes are brought about and this can only happen if we unite in our actions. rnly through a vast restructuring of our present society will the basic cause of rape be eliminated. Suggestions, reactions to and defence against rape (such as those suggested in the articles on 'Rape') are necessary as Istop-gap defence techniques, for the present. It must be realized, however, that they are only stop-gap, band-aid actions which treat the disease rather than the cause. A deepar analysis, then, of the PROBLEM ust be made, and the appropriate action -- a UNITED ACTION -- must be taken. SPEAK OUT MORGENTALER SENTENCED TO l5 MONTHS IN PRISON Dr. Kenry Morgentaler, who has described Canadats abortion laws as "immoral, discredited and an affront to the people," was sentenced July 25th to 18 months in prison. A three-year probation period (during which Morgentaler is forbidden to perform abortions except in an approved hospital) was also imposed. c °K.+. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Our :eartion: Wc are outrage(' p-e,:ent ahortl)-, The appel2ate court decision over sror,' A +4- a-, 4- 1`. of last NovH-:r when a Court of ueents Penh jury acluitter3 Morentnler. c'n deny women a very LafAc freedom....f-pFdom of the right ::c-,, we are further in 011-00: inecnze(' that a competent doctor, who rtrcncly telie.e2 in justice, w' h. s teen -'..enior, Touf.7,hobt the tr7Lal, Morrentaler attr-.cker3 C:anaa'L !:lbortion laws the frordorr, of erying out Fin professional Obty. as part of I.hir defenre.for s jc tice, am !,J,rking not ordv for me hut for the -women of 'Tanada, rentene he sai during pre - orumer.ts earTler this "1 ca.nnot- believe that_ an or immoral law c_an be up-IHeld for zr.7)ntb- en Thin opprerrfon eonstitutes thre-,_t to the further denial of other basic frPe=Thms. WE MUST ACT N n f *oat e still believe Very strongly I hat what I di was .n..ot kno per,tae Pr te your Fl, P. only. morally requlre(r) r-ight buJ. The n. P. Andras r House of Commons Ont. Yr. P. McRae, M.P. House. of Commons Ottawa, Ont. Mr. KeitY. l'enner, lioue of Commons Ont voice your stronr opposition to thin outrageous violation of our rights. The Northern Women Centre is pleased to announce that we have found a co-ordinator, Estella Howard Friedlander has taken on the duties of organizing the volunteers, setting up programs, establishing an office routine etc. etc. The centre is open from 10:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. daily and most evenings for meetings or just dropping in from 7:00 pm. 10:00 p.m. Lots of things are going to he happening - consciousness raising, study groups, action groups - watch for them-and participate WE NEED YOU. Phone 623-3107 - Drop in - 132 North Archibald Street, second floor. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �special report KENORA, ONTARIO, September, 1974 The.Charge: M. C., K. C., D. B. charged with "unlawful intercourse with a female, not the wife of any of them without her consent, extorted by threats of bodily harm, gross indecency, and causing bodily harm with intent to wound, maim or disfigure." The Law: Mr Justice Goodman Defense counsel John Bowles, Winnipeg Crown Attorney Ted Burton, Kenora. Complaintive: Ms. C. B. G. 35years, treaty Indian from Morson, Ontario, mother of 13 year old and 15 year old. April 1, 1974-April 5, 1974. Trial #1: Ms. B. G. drinking at a local hotel with a male relative. Approached in a friendly manner by D. B., joined him for a drink, accepted a ride home as he was living near her place. Accepted a further invition for a drink in his apartment. Immediately after she entered the apartment, two men entered, K.C. and M.C. She was then violated by all three of them over a period of 2 1/2 hours. After her testimony, a mistrial was declared--her lawyer, Mr. Burton had been seen talking to one of the jurors during a court recess!! Trial #2: June 10, 1974-June 14, 1974 The Facts To be guilty of rape there must be vaginal-penis penetration without Only one of the accused entered her in this particular manner. Point of Interest- -the other two could have been charged as accessories yet all were not guilty of rape. 1. consent. 2. Her lawyer, in court, made a statement of his cordial feelings toward the M.C. family, in effect supportive to one of the accused. Point of Interest--"good" family breeds "good boy"??? 3. Some of the blood, semen and saliva specimens found on washcloth matched those of complaintive and defendents. Clothes identified as hers were found by police in apartment of D.B. Someone urinated on her hair. Someone cut off a strand of her hair. She was able to identify the three accused out of a police lineup, She took police to the appartment where the assault took place. Point of Interest--rape report phoned to police department about 4:15a.m. Repeat call made at 4:35a.m. Police arrived at 4:55a.m. (40 minutes for guilty to cover any evidence). 4. A taxi driver testified'h- drove the three men and a native woman to D.B. apartment. Point of interest--when questioned by police the next day, the dispatcher PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ONTARIO, September, 1973 cont'd J had no record of the trip. She questioned all the drivers and they denied the fare. If the four left together couldn't someone at the bar testify to that fact?? An "ornament" with several locks of hair was admitted to evidence. Policeman testified that he had a strand resembling her Her hair was not present. hair but had lost the exhibit. Point of Interest--so who else has gone through a similar ordeal? 5. Mr. B. testified as father of D.B. that he was upstairs the entire time of the alleged assault. He heard three men and a native woman go to the apartment in the basement. Nothing unusual was heard. There was no music as the stereo was broken. Point of Interest--He "heard a native woman"??? He refused to make a M.C. and Ms. B.G. both testifid the stereo was playing. statement to the police! 6. The Decision: 1. 2. 3. D.B. received 26 3 K.C. received 24 M.C. received 18 months months months months for gross indecency common assault. for gross indecency. for gross indecency. These are not the actual length of time these men will serve as they are likely to receive an early parole. , The Local Rumour: The convicted men have not yet begun to serve their sentences as they are fighting the sentence. True or false?? L. S. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor ONISINIMMMIIIMMINermmmwarftworanwomminwereierioc______ �LETTERS July 26, 1974 To Whom It May Concern: The Northern Women's Centre of Thunder Bay has been following the case of Cecilia Big George and Kenneth Carlson, Douglas Brown and Michael Cedarwall. Ms. nig George has been degraded, humiliated and hurt emotionally for life. These three men only received a charge of "gross indecency" and you call this justice!!! Our deepest sympathy goes out to Ms. Big George and her family. As a group of women, we feel this case oppressive and unjust towards women. For years man have been raping women and have been set free by our 'just' law!! Many rapes have never been reported because of the humiliation and degradation experiencedby women in the court rooms. When a woman has enough courage (as Ms. Big George did) to take the case to court, she is abused and held in suspicion by the court. She probably asks herself "Why did I go to the law?" The Women's Centre has had discussions concerning this case and have come up with certain questions -- 1. Why is it that the jury was made up of eleven men and one woman?? 2. Why were there no native people on the jury -- has Kenora not been called a racist town -- then why was the case not taken to another city??? 3. Why did the doctor not make a thorough examination -- was this not mentioned in the court room by the judge as "unprofessional attitude" -- and what is being done about this doctor's attitude??? . Ms. Big George must have gone through pure hell and we must admire her courage. We at the Northern Women's Centre are behind her one hundred percent and feel that not only has she been raped by these three (who were found innocent of the charge of rape), but she has also been ravished by the justice system of Canada. E.E.P. PykPrman I try not to think about that night (was it that long?) but it hard to forget within the closed boundries of this court room. Its a crazy situation, you know. I find myself questioning the reasons behind it all. Was it my fault? Did I, in fact, deserve it? Had I encouraged an attack? I have to stop degrading myself! Do people actually believe I wanted to get raped? As a native woman should i have been fully aware and prepared for the consequences taking into consideration I am a woman, especially an Indian woman. God damn! Self-doubt is so cruel. Why must I feel guilty? I did nothing! Those men did it..they did it I must tell you what happened. Although you might not believe women to be innocent of inviting rape, please try for your own sake to put yourself in my position. You might have found yourself at one time or other in a similar circumstance but only a slim line separates what happened to me from what can happen to you. It was getting late....the bar was /going to close soon. I had been ,/ waiting for a girlfriend who didn't show up. I had beer but I was PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copyaoffew CVISION PDFCompressor not drunk. �A man came over and we began to talk. I can't remember if we introduced ourV...selves, but his name is now well-known to me. Bloor. He seemed nice enough. He asked if I -would like a ride home as he lived /Close to the home where I was staying. `I- I said yes. What would You have done, -truthfully? We went out to the car alone. I remember feeling a closeness to him; v' the kind that accompanies a kind gesture toward you. Everyone enjoys being a matter of concern to some else A matter of minutes later, he asked if /1 would come to his house for a drink. V The night was pleasant...so was he. I consented. Was that wrong? Are all women hopelessly naive to man's intentions? woman One man whose name I did not know then but I do know now, Cotter, said "Shall we strip her and rape her?" Thoughts seered through my brain. This couldn't be happening to me! I looked toward the door. They must have sensed my intention as I was informed that no one was in the house and it would be useless to try anything. That was a joke! I might have stood a chance with one man...but three? What utter helplessness can compare to this! They started taking my clothes off. My brain, somewhat overloaded with the weight of my situation repeated over and over that it was an impossible situation. I didn't hear myself protest to them, I didn't hear anything... just their voices that seemed to echo from a different realm. - This was indeed hell. I feel a blow to my head and I am shoved rudely onto the bed. Bloor did it. Did I get up? Did I struggle? I remember sitting down when I came in, but when did I get up? Bloor positioned himself to my left; Cotter was to my right and the other man, Caine, stood near my feet. Wall took my pants off. I closed my eyes...I couldn't stand to watch. They finished stripping me. Would it satisfy people to say I struggled? I didn't. They would have killed me. I know that now. Are you asking if I had intentions myself? I am not a child. My sexual drives are as any other woman if you are truthful about it. I can assume the responsibility of wanting to sleep with him...but not that which actually,/ happened. Is there some codified law or language of man that ensures sexual access to any woman by any man within the range of SOD miles merely by accepting a drink in a man's apartment? I must go on. We stopped at a house and I followed him down /to his basement suite. I sat down cm4-4-11re-tred /avid- seconds later I heard footsteps approach the room which Bloor and I occupied. Then they walked in. - Many of you might recognize the rush of fear that envelops you. felt as if someone had kicked me in the stomach. There was reason for this fear...instinctive...rational? No I. matter. It was there. :Araeti, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I felt a man's weight on my chest. Bloor sat on my breasts and before I could protest he shoved his penis into my mouth. I cannot describe my repulsion! At the same time Cane had inserted his tongue into my vagina. I was sickened and shamed beyond belief. But this was not enough for them. Cotter demanded that I masturbate him...I pulled my hand away and a surge of pain went through me when I felt something hot pressed against my finger-nail. A cigarette! They were putting me through this incredible torment and one man was actually having a leisurally smoke! My body and my mind were beyond comprehending the situation from one second to another. How long had this been going on? What would they do to me next. "Suriti-yeu_bitch". Bloor climaxed in my mouth. I felt sick. My thoughts clashed in my brain. It was too much for my psyche to handle! I remember thinking that is only there was someone to help me; if someone would just appear, then I would have fought with every ounce of strength I had. Si-s-t-ersonly___y_au---11-ad-beeii there! Caine tried to insert his penis into my vagina. Bloor moved off and I fell off the bed. The impact did not hurt me.. I was beyond that kind of pain. I remember seeing those men do those things and yet not see them. It was as though I was watching a movie on a screen. Perhaps it was all in my mind My brain could not handle that which my body knew. I remember clearly what happened next. I won't forget. Bloor stood near my head. Raising his penis he told Caine "I'm going to piss on her face". Oh, God! Caine turned my face away but I felt the warm, bitter mel.ling liquid dripping through my hair. At the same time Caine climaxed inside inside me. He didn't stop. There seems to be a void where time is concerned. It seemed as hours had gone by before Caine finally got off me. I sat up somewhat dazed and said that I wanted to go. They did all that could be done to degrade a woman. Or did they? They stood huddled in a group away from me. I heard one say to the other that I "was good" and that he should try me. He said "no", I think. My breath felt suspended; my body and soul that of someone else when I heard the next words. Bloor - "Lets drive her somewhere and kill her?" This couldn't be happening to me! Caine - "No". I have to breathe! Bloor - "Lets stick a bottle up her." He's sick! I want to stick my fingers into his eyes...to claw at his throat. Cotter - "Its my turn." Not again! to walk again. No. I want to go. Just to he able Cotter - "Lay down." No. I said. He pushed me over...face to the wall. He is thrusting his penis into my rectum. The pain! Someone has grabbed my hair! What is he deing7 Bloor announced suddenly..."There, I've scalped an Indian". He cut my hair. a knife With what? My God if he has There's blood on the sheet. Is it mine, I'm asked. I don't know. My body is not mine. I'm observing this from afar. A finger is in my vagina. "Yes, its yours." Mine? Mine? Bloor has a rope in his hand. There are bells on the end of it. They ring as he whips it against my hack. I can still hear those bells. The pain is mine...the body is not. I asked Cotter to stop Bloor from hurting me. His answer was to stick his finger in my vagina as he could not get hard inside me. I begged him not to hurt me. My face is forced towards Cotter's penis and he thrusts it in my mouth. My mind is swarming with hatred. and shame. Bloor and Caine are laughing and saying, "Go to her Cotter, give her one for me." Within seconds I felt blows against my head. My ears rang and my head throbbed. Something warm ran from my nose and I tasted blood in my mouth. Bloor kept kicking. C El\-\\ch PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I feel a sickening waim liquid fill my mouth and pray this is the last. God I just want to go home. I lay there motionless, maybe now these men will free me. They're going to kill me! I felt myself sinking into oblivion. It will be over soon. Caine saw the blood. He stopped Bloor. What happened after that is in some doubt. Caine was washing my face...I remember that Bloor left the room. !:verything stopped. My mind hesitated in acknowledging that the ordeal was over, but my main compulsion was to run even to the point of begging for help from rapists. I begged Caine to walk out with me. Bloor was evil...a sadist, more so than the others. My body warned me, my mind warned me. Caine knew and complied. I remember looking for my clothes, but I don't recall when I dressed. Caine and I somehow ended up in the street. He walked me to the end of theI block. started to run. How long I ran I don't know. I stopped and looked behind. What if they followed me.? Perhaps they changed their minds about killing me. No one was there. My lungs were burSting; my body wracked with feelings indescribable. I ran toward the bushes and there in solitude I sat on a rock and cried. The emotional release was painful and yet welcomed. Somehow I knew that I should and had to do something. Feeling alone and yet determined nevertheless I decided my course of action. I phoned the police. The ordeal had lasted 2 1/2 honr. Those men are in th just heard that the the rape charge. T on the lesser charg common assault with So this is justice! defiled me are to b They say that the j some kind of terms the men if not with This is only one of in our legal system. language that might she asking for it? Women can comprehen to me...but I am su imagine the full ex and mentally this e now. These atrocities ha happen again. Wome be made aware that vaginal penetration If you can prove yo accordance with this one man raped me in But emotional, spiri possible. Anal, ora it is still rape. There are four diffe that ornament. What How they must suffer they made to believe Is it better to rema your guts on the tab it is treated with r PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �In this society, any situation is a come-on for rape and only one criteria seems necessary...be a woman. Regardless of your past, your age, race, etc. AS A WOMAN YOU ARE A POTENTIAL RAPE VICTIM AND THE SOCIETY THAT IS SUPPOSED ,TO PROTECT YOU INSTEAD ASSUMES THAT YOU TAKE THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF BEING WOMEN, OPPRESSED WOMEN. I can still hear the crown attorney's words -- "Now, Mrs. C, you're a married woman .with two children... you knew what you were doing when you accepted a ride from this man and agreed to go into his home." Indeed, the onus is on us. The crime committed was not against the state, it was not against me; it was a crime against women...all women. We can fight these men, but that is not the answer. The laws governing women and rape and the interpretation of rape must be changed. For OUR sake, in the name of humanity and sisterhood...UNITE! D. WINKO (The above was based on an actual rape case.) Women Organize Against Rape -- Rose-Marie Neuman - was not t e women w o were comWe know that rape is very seldom almost nviction. women mitting the rapes, perhaps it would be best to inflict a ten o'clock ommon n of the curfew upon all men. Since this sort of thing would never happen in Canada, the question then becomes what does a woman who's been raped do with her on the should anger? Furthermore, what can be done to stop rape from happening? etc. In Rape Crisis Centers ape. In on the e does; em with governa curfew on the Premier since it The beSt solution so far to deal with our frustration is the Rape Crisis Center. A rape crisis center's primary purpose is to deal with the medical 1 I Is PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �rus ra ion am., problems of women who have been raped. Initial contact with the victim is most often by telephone. The volunteer who answers the phone usually is not a trained counsellor of any sort. Her purpose would be to act as a friend. She or another volunteer would accompany the vic- anger tim to the hospital and/or police should she decide to prosecute. She could then talk to the victim about the experience and help her talk to her family about it. Sometimes it is necessary for the victim to get in contact with professionals such as are lawyers, gynecologists and psychologists. The rape crisis center can 4Iso make the initial contacts with these people, some of whom may work regularly on a volunteer basis with the center. The most important function of risen g the center, however, is the availability of warm, accepting people td whom the victim can relate the experience without feeling guilt or shame. The rape crisis center should be staffed exclusively by women on a twenty-four hour basis. The main reason for this lies in the fact that if a woman has been raped, quite often she could not and would not relate to a man no matter how warm and accepting he may be. Self Defence The martial arts are not the only forms of self-defence we can employ. Get together with some friends and wrestle and spar with each other. Take turns playing victim and attack-. er. Practice with each other. By belief that there is usually going to be a man around to protect them. doing this, you can also help break down some of our fears and inhibitions and build up confidence in our While growing up most women were not taught or encouraged to protect themselves. Many were discouraged or picking up objects to throw or Women have been raised with the from fighting or any of the other so-called masculine traits like getting angry. Consequently, we feel helpless and have no idea of the strength and potential power in our own bodies. We also have no idea how to deal with our anger and - yes -- even how to hurt someone if necessary. Every woman should learn some basic techniques of self-defence. The most common forms of self-defence one usually thinks of are karate, judo, kung-fu, etc. These are obvi- abilities to defend ourselves. Staying 'alert is important. It increases your possibilities of running strike with. A most effective response when grabbed from the front is a fast and hard knee to the attacker's groin. If attacked from behind, move body to drive your' elbow into the attacker's stomach region. Above all, one should not be . afraid to hurt the attacker. If you, as a woman, are about to be raped or assaulted you should do whatever you can with all the strength and power you can muster. ously the best and most effective forms of protecting ourselves. If you have the opportunity to study any of the martial arts, by all means, do so. They will all increase your agility, reflex action, self-confidence, and physical strength. Thunder Bay---What Are We Doing? Our city needs a rape crisis center and more, better, and free self-defence classes for women. Presently there is nowhere a rape victim can turn here. The majority of local doctors PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �KARATE and police officials are unsympathet- ic and cannot deal effectively with the victim's problems. Perhaps one of the functions of the Women's tMP'I' Center (if we get the funding) can be to establish a rape crisis center. Until 'Basically, karate is a series of self-defence and counter-attack tactics based on traditional movements. These are run into formal series called "katas" in Japanese, and they are taught and practised without change year after year. we do get together and organize, nothing can or will happen. Other Suggestions Various other cities have tried and are trying new methods of dealing with the problem of rape in their only with rape victims. Women in other cities have organized transportation systems -and taxi-cab services for women who must be on the street late at night. There are even vigilante squads forming where a group of women will search out a rapist who has not been convicted and beat him up. Violent? Maybe. But somehow i feel it, in this case, justifiable. When women are frustratat 1 KARATE is an unusual activity in that the experts are not in full agreement upon its aims. Selfdefenee or sport? Exercise or philosophy? It is a dynamic form of self-defence, but no form of defence, however effective, can guarantee to make you secure against any form of attack. If someone unseen hits you over the head from behind with a bottle, no karate ability will help you. communities. New York has a seven-woman police rape squad who deal ed AA D every attempt to go about One importance of karate or selfdefence to women is in the development of the reflexes to the degree that you would be prepared to defend or ward off a blow and then have time to run. achieving satisfaction through legal channels what other alternatives do they have? Women are becoming more and more angry with the lot they've been given in our society. Rape is one of the sources of this anger. "It is not the police, the courts, or men who will stop rape. Only women wilt stop rape!" And it will only stop when it becomes as Most attacks can be warded off with the urearm. The soft inner side should never be used as this leaves the arteries open to injury. dangerous to attack a woman as it is to attack another man. Oh, come off Thunder Gay Hydro Inquiry Nn. 74 42 TeniitIr clnAing: Tuesday. July 30, 12:00 NOONPlia...-- Immediately after warding off a blow or delivering one of your own, your arm should be withdrawn. It is important that even defensive movements should be made constructively. To push the attacker's arm 1914 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �revolution, the family unit has been scaled down from an extended family, involving family members other than parents and children, to a nuclear family consisting of father, mother and children. This unit, the basic unit upon which the economy relies and through which family life is ensured operated as an isolated unit in fulfilling these functions. It is maintained primarily through labour outside the home, most often designated to men, with women providing a maintenance function within the r.---aiwa5, when he strikes at you may be effective in that it prevents the blow landing, but it does nothing to stop a second attempt being made. If, instead, the blow is deflected with a powerful chopping action so delivered that the sharp edge of the forearm makes contact with the underside of the attacker's forearm, forearm, the result is decisive and painful. home. In examining the role of women in society, we see that labour both within the home and within the labour force, can be assessed with the same criteria as is a male in terms of value to the economy. The terms of reference are use value and exchange value, and help us clarify not so much how the economy operates through the nuclear family, but why our labours both inside and outside the home have inherent importance to the economic'system by which we are governed. It is not essential for women to attend regular classes for an extended period of time. Three or four basic movements learned properly and practised regularly are all that is necessary. The important thing is to BE ALERT and QUICK ENOUGH to ACT INSTINCTIVELY and then R U N CORKY THE NUCLEAR FAMILY The family of today, termed the nuclear family, derives its form in the historical evolution of the family and its relationship to the economy. (*see Historical development of the Family,- The Northern Woman, issue xi, July 74, pg. 10). Since the industrial . As labourers within the home, rearing children, performing housework tasks, our labour is said td have a use value to society. As there is no further or direct monetary value resulting from our labours there is no exchange value. The exception of course would be if we performed these tasks for pay, as would housekeepers. Our labour outside the home in the capacity of clerks, stenographers, switch board operaters, textile workers etc. has again a use value to society as well as an exchange value. Our efforts in our work have a more visible effect on the economy, in very simplistic terms. At this point it is important to examine more closely the role of women to the family, within the home.. While this labour is absolutely vital to the perpetuation of our society, it is regarded on the whole as demeaning, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Osecond rate, important enough--but 0 relegated to women. Women as well, 0 view their labours as mothers, wives and home workers with as much disrespect, accepting these tasks as a source of free labour. Any social responsibility is thus avoided and the alternative of collective responsibility allowing women access to more meaningful labour in the labour force is neatly circumvented. Women in the work force often carry the ideas of inferiority to the wort place in accepting wages and conditions well beneath the rights and dignity of any working person. By working as well in the home, two jobs are fulfilled at the price of one salary. (*see further discussion in next issue of the Northern Woman--Working Women). While it would be incorrect to understate the relationship of the family both as economic unit, fundamental to our economy, and as the source of all family life; it must be understood that with a change of roles, particularily as more and more women enter force the role of women to the family is also changing. More and more women are calling for the responsibility of day care to be assumed by society to further enable women to participate fully in the labour force and to ensure adequate child care. It is through such expression that women can activly participate in the ongoing development of the family unit. SHELAGH MUNDY "OUR SYMPATHY AND THOUGHTS GO OUT TO BETTY J. ON THE RECENT DEATH OF HER FATHER" C11,ANG7,-ON STT-21-' TO WOIr-L-NIS 7QUALITY rre Canadian legal system helps perpetuate women's position of inequality in our society'. 1:any of the laws affecting women were originally introduced to protect the interests of the male dominated propertied family, to ensure the'pmeuetion of "le,;it4mate" heirs to reass on the family (le. the fatherts) wealth. Thus, ds defined in the law, marriage is little more than the exchange of a wife's sexual fidelit:r for economic support by her' husband. these laws, created to ;.protect the interests of property owners cause hardship to wo:ren of all classes. 'fost couples enter marriage s a partnership but the legal system is more'irtarestd in the average fa si l y as an economic unit in which the ndividu.' couple :is forced to ,(car the costs and provide the labour necessary for raising children with virtually no support from society. The husband is held 1,,ally responsible for the economic support of his wife and children and, in return, the wife cares for the children and keeps house. Corporations thus vcape the costs ofprovidini7, the facilities and benefits which would free women of the extra burden of work in the home and allow us to enter the work force on equal terms with men. The lack of effective laws on equal pay and equal job opportunities further ensures ,4omen's particul&rly intensive exploitation. at work and economic dependence in toil: family. In,7ED7T7' LEGAL CHANG7S A777. NrED7T2 ' qual pay legislation rust. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �To Women's floual4tv Chanre-Orm S as the be strengthened and defender teeth posed of women's rights promising tc put in.. the oqual job by opporthe requirement of t-!).ntyabolish laws. rides home from work for womell right They 7Zarria g e workers. must be recogI7ed n did not explain, in the law anhowever, an equalhow a stroke of the penwith suddenly makes the partnership, the wife streets of Ontario safe for having the right to half at property night. The the women marital and real beneficiaries of such incompatitlIty the a move will the employers, not of be dl.,Torco. mustthe he women. maa'e less costly and lens len;'-ty. Unfortunately, the abolition of this protective legislation nr7u,il "fielity" the applauded by women who eonditien for our legal will never face the necessity be rcoved of right work. No cn.e r tbe books. Thin demar n consulted the women wZrl.ern -ges in property laws, involved. Changes in our the preccure during rape 7751 system must come only cases, and an end to disafter con:,ultatien with crimination aga'nnt wor,en's organi,ations the children. labour movement, and representatives of the women most must be remormd directly affected by the changes. criminalcodo. -,12. laws wh.i ch make wort-r. r, CPA O'ES ARE WEEDED ion of maintenance support nhoUld sponsilllity of tlic laws must be o al7ow women to essive situ.:_` inn eing penadned b-T ur children or rir,hts. 'A woman able to accept another locality he permission o f nd. v-,T, I? t for legal refor, against accepting ualdty", against sound fine in hich ignore the men's oppression frets the lefTal The Tory govern.xample, recently Legal reform is an it -tep forward in the for - ,emen's r-uality , bficht ut it is only one step. ror(ten's oppression Is due to more than archaic laws and malc-chauvinist ideas. It is maintained by an economic system in which, corporations profit from women's low 1,ages -t and refuse to provide iercices and benefits needed to replace our labour in the home. The strug-le for women's equAity before the lsw must be combined with struggles for day care for every child as a right, educational, opports-rities for women, paid --eternity leave, adequate medical facilities for maternity care and to ensure our right to abortion, and equal pay and equal opportunity in all fields of employment. These struggles will require PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �:_:ter campaigns of women groups, trade unons and political parties--in fact, and men who see the necessity for women's ',11ch struggles are equality. an important part of the overall fight to force governments to recover and use for August Proclaimed Anti-Rape month of all woe tThs bone:fit of t1-.e 1Canadan people some of the wealth nonopoly forporations have taken from us all. NEM YORK (Reuter) - A to-hand combat unless you are I coalition of women's groups a master or mistress at judo or 4 has proclaimed August anti- karate," Lieut. Mary Keefe, irape month and called Wednes- commanding officer of the sex ilday on police, hospitals, courts crimes analysis unit warned. and legislators to stop viewing If the rapist is provoked hr rape victims as the criminal. may become even more violent, A spokesman for the group sh, said. "Your best defences women said arc "often per- are to scream and run." scented by police who do not believe her, doctors who are A policewoman said victims assssted by police range from lg . The fight for legal reform is one important; step to women's equality. The fight for full equcility is just beinrI_ni;--it In an integral part of the struggle for ()alinm In Canada. anything hut -.ensitive or profes-.:months to R7 years of age. lsional, lawyers who put her sex,. 41ife on trial, and legislators who Sally McGee, of the Women's make laws based on the myth Political Caucus, demanded to he that legislators enact rape-law reforms. The proposals would fi raped." "Rape is the rapist's crime, end requirements for corroborathat all women want .; not the victim's. The sooner all tion-as New York did last women understand that. and all March-and prohibit testimony men believe it the sooner we'll on the victim's sex life, as Cab he able to wipe rapists off the forma did a few months ago, face of the earth." said Scottie eprin.ted -fro irrl The '::omen's Subcommittee of the Metro Toronto Comr,ittee, communist l'art y of Welch, co-ordinator of the NaItional Organirartion for Women's Rape Prevention Committee. A demonstration of how to at tY-1 4-11, sack the attacker was given a news conference at & police A i centre here. A petite policewomen from the sex crimes. demonstrated Canada. analysis unit simple attacks for use on a would-he rapist-eveq' or throat. kneeing punching stomach, kirk Ong shine. and grinding heel Into :!instep "like putting out a cigti WHv YOU SHOULD BOYCOTT YOUR POSTAL CODE 7.; rette." DON'T PROVOKE "One good ppuneh may help :save you, but never use hand- ti Jobs at post offices are being steadily lAasel out by a,_Itcm9tion. After all vry has autom.:Ition. the i::ovrnment paid vast sums to develop our tech,nclogy if not to brnefit as a whole. In!:tead of .-,onditiorin gdtting 1),,,tter d,-;.e tb 1-ettf,r with a "7--:rF. are rry.r to t17e mrrd, ard intellIp.enc,e of and more dliretly tke postal workers are losini7 deserved orditens the7 ar.c jol-s, pay and scniorit7. 1refitn - the cnefits of fir eir yers of work. The postal workers are not fighting against increased technology but rather, only want a say - a say in their future. This is their right. We, therefore, must support them - not only because they are right but also to assert our right to have a say in the use and beneffts of increased scientific knowledge to benefit all of womankind and *1- mankind, too). PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �THE ONTARIO ANTI-POVER. ORGANIZATT ON.I CX?A LITION THUNDER BAY'S M MBER'S ON COUNCIL The organization is an alliance comprised of low-income groops. organized into which is called The Ontario Anti-Poverty Organization/Coalition, trade unions, community organizations, church .groups and professional workers, all of whom are dedicated to the elimination of poverty in the Province of Ontario. THE STATED AIMS AND PRINCIPLES OF THE OAPO/COALITION INCLUDE: -The Guaranteed Adequate Annual Income for all. Full Employment Policies. -Canadian Development of Canada's natural resources. -Safe end adequate housing at prices all can afford. -Prescription drugs, dental care, and all health services under OHIP. -Equality in employment--equal pay _for equal work. - Expanded clay-care services for all. -peace --in our community, and throughout the werld. "...insufficient access to certain goods, services and conditions of life which are available to every one else and have come to be accepted as basic to a decent minimum standard of living." It is a sad commentary on our way of life, especially in this day and age of space travel, when science and technology have taken such spectacular leaps forward, and when the wealth and -affluence of the privileged few have been so greatly increased, that we have yet to solve, or even begin to come to grips with in a credible manner, the physically and spirit-ravaging condition of the veritable army of dispossessed who are forced to live in this province and country below minimum health and decency standards. The organization is deeply concerned bout the extent o which.the large r.ber of working poor are forced to enffer a bleak existence in the most abject and agonizing conditions of poverty. However, the organization urges all se cal services agencies to support certain recommendations which we feel will go a long way in era& icating poverty from this wealthy nr vince of ours. - SIZE AND SHAPE OF TIE PROBLEMa.. Poverty on the federal, provincial, and rannicipal level is among the most serious and distressing problems facing our society today, and the size and shape of the problem is truly one of staggerirg proportions and of the greatest magnitude. rm:enz statistics reveal that over five million Canadians, in excess of one-quarter of our population, live below the poverty line, which has been defined by the conomic Council of Canada as, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Ontario Anti-Poverty Organization/Coalition cont'd It goes without saying that the poor are not poor of their own choosing; they are the front-line casualties and victims of the social and economic system under which we live and the way in which all levels of government have failed to provide a full employment economy. The vast majority of the poor want jobs at adequate wages and the social and educational opportunities that have been denied them. 'he work ethic is not dead. The very fact that over 60 per cent J3f. Ontario's poor are working poor, with thousands working for wages below the poverty level and less than what they would receive on welfare rolls, is evidence enough that the work ethic is alive and well. Insult has been added to injury in that the mein reforos embodied in our present Federal-Provincial social security programs have been granted largely as political concessions by governments of the day, designed to create a delicate balance between yielding enough to take the steam out of any expressions of social unrest being exhibited by the mass of Canadians, and leaving the distribution of wealth and power undisturbed and in the hands of the privileged few. Seen in this light, our social welfare measures are not only a "hopeless failure", in terms of the unmet needs of those they are supposed to help, but they contribute very largely to the critical imbalance and inequality of incomes which exists, a situation in which the real wealth and assets of the country are being concentrated in even fewer hands at the top. This point has prompted Canadian Senator Chesley W. Carter to make a rather revealing and startling observation: "If every working man and woman knew and understood what that inequality meant, and the economic implications it had for "A thr6,' children, there would be a revolution in this country." The Croll Senate Poverty Committee report and numberous other government reports and studies on the question of poverty make it abundantly clear that the poor do not intend to stay poor. They want a greater share of the good things of life and are demanding that all levels of goverment work towards providing minimum health and decency standards in keeping with Article 25 of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, to which Canada is a signatory nation: "Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of hinself and of his family including food, clothing and housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sicknees, disability, widowhood, old age, or lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control." In our view there is a joint federal- PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �provincial-municipal responsibility to co-operate in the establishment of bold, new programs, and to enact the necessary legislation, that will give life and meaning to the above. This means not only the creation of a Guaranteed Adequate annual income, with which the majority of Canadians are now in favour, and which in itself will help to create a more even balance in the distribution of wealth, but it also means that while we are waiting for this to be achieved, the FederalProvincial-Municipal existing social assistance programs must be completely revampiad to provide for substantially increased social benefits and payments to this Provincies welfare recipients the elderly, the infirm and particularly the working poor. WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE: To eliminate poverty in the Province of Ontario in the short term we believe will require an immediate overhaul of the present social services legislation on the municipal and provincial level, are shot through with a special brand suspicious paternalism,are grossly demeaning to recipients, totally inadequate to their special needs, bogged down in a mire of red tape and bureaucracy with which even professional social service workers are unable to tope are largely punitive in spirit and to a great degree, a waste of taxpayer's dollars. There is an abvious necessity for the Municipalities and the province to co-operate in the creation of thousands of new jobs in Ontario, to develop high job content secondary industry in the province so that our rich treasure of natural and energy resources can be used for the benefit of our people, to actuate an urgently required massive home building prograM which will also create thousands of new jobs, and to develop community worker programs which not only create jobs but have proven to be beneficial to the commumity. _Am.Z.SC-Mtneaarra-7.'mar'',LIVa: This means. that municipalities must support the raising of the provincial minimum wage to at least $3.00 per hour. Governments statistics, based on the Senate Poverty Committee's Report which established $5000 as the poverty level for a family of four in 1969 anC which, using their calculations, increases at a rate of $400-600 per year or an average of $500 means that the poverty level for a family of four in 1974 can be justly estimated at $7500, We believe that the munici lities must support the establishment of Guaranteed Adequate Annual Income fo r all, one that will assure every resident a basic and decent standard of living, PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �----.:41MgarAisiamszugraw_ 17464focrat 4 g Itcently we commended the Thunder Bay :social Services Committee's for it's concern for the working poor residents of Thunder Bay. We cannot, however endorse an assistance program which would keep residents working at or below poverty wages. Unfortunately, the poverty-strcken are in a position :here any assistance is considered better than none at all. We strontiy recommend an upgrading of their social assistance programs. ' he respectfully submit that all social cervices agencys should follow the, lead Di Metropolitan Toronto in demanding that the Provincial. Government assume it's responsibility to provide an equal share, along ,lith the Federal Government, of the funding required to establish a program of assistance to the working poor. The senior levels of - Government IlAve power to tax the e!ealthy industries and the top 20% income earners, to make iz possible to establish such a program, eloo beleeve that the fuliling required' Ilbsidiee the working poor to bring .item up to the poverty level should. have to come froT the already tax - MX"MIITIMMIEMEOZNEEMBINESVE:=7: earners and many of whom are senior citizens who have worked 25 to 40 years to buy their own homes and are now fixed incomes. We do not believe that such a program of assistance to the working poor should be paid for by other low-income workers who themselves have no security against increasing poverty. "No nation can achieve true greatness," the Croll Senate Poverty Committee reasoned in it's report (and we would add neither can a Province or a Municipality), "If it lacks the courage and determination to undertake the surgery necessary to remove the cancer of poverty from the body politic... " A new approach is urgently needed. Such an approach must bring help and relief at once to those in need, and it must -provide the foundation for policies that will ultimately eliminate the causes of poverty from our society. Eleanor Morin to ' urdened home- cilners 'and tenants ir. Thunde w ny of wham are low income wore FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT ELEANOR AT 415 Victoria Ave., 20 Thunder Bay "F" or PHONE 622-1538.. 4 "3'© 1) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Z /. Ne.. �ME N OR'N WO= I s C:TTE77 EAS IN CREDIBLE MR. DI VINEG , A SENT OFF THE FOLLOWING LETTER TO OUR MP S JESSIMAN AND FOULDS H ON SENIOR CIVIL SERVANT WITH THE =ISTRY OF COMMUNITY AND SOCIAL SERVICE. FOR HIS OBTUSE, DEGRADING, DUMBFOUNDING, UNLIBERATED MALE STATTTMENTS IN THE JULY 18th, 1974 EDITION OF TED GLORT': AND MAIL. THE ARTICLE AS PRINTED IS SUBMITTED BELOW. L LIAM DA Val S AND it 110N TIL: 0M131,TDSMAN ti . BR:II-NELL CONCERNING THIS HOW DO YOU, P `RS' ONALY , FEEL? IS IT IMPORTANT TO YOU? DO WE VG; f;'E YOUR OPINIONS? E WO ',ILL) APPRECIATE ALL COMMENTS OUR READERS FR OM ,ev-1-4 ( No heusekceper service A woman's duty to stay home, official says By NANCY COOPER hie or permanently disabled. It's a woman's duty to stay Deserted or widowed fathhome with her children and ers do qualify, however, for it's father's to have a career. the province's visiting hometo a senior civil makers' service, while the deserant in the Community and serted, divorced or widowed Social Services Ministry. And mother who wishes to work that's why two inequalities in outside the home is not althe way the province treats lowed to use the service, ac- single fathers and single mothers don't bother him. On the other hand, "It's not scale. according and the size of hi cook". he said, and that's why 1 25 per he agrees with governMent g Although I e -p arent fa my natural duty to sew and policy that allows fathers to apply to the municipality for a homemake to come and keep house, often at no cost to the family. The only way a single parent mother could cording to Tibor Divinec, assistant director of the munici- If a father is deserted by pal welfare secretariat. his wife. or if she dies or di"It's a woman's noble vorces him or is taken to an role," Mr. Divioec said yesinstitution, he is not elegible terday. "She makes that decito receive any money from sion t to stay home and bring the province, under the Fam- them up) when she decides to ily Benefits Act. Mothers in have kiddies." He told the rethe same circumstances do porter that a woman who qualify. The only way a man would consider getting in a can receive Family Benefits visiting homemaker "is not is if he is-deemed uneMploya- much of a mother". qualify, Mr. Divines says, is if she was a very poor housekeeper, in need of training. And then the help would be of a temporary nature. Homemaker help for a single father can go on indefinitely, sometimes for years. while the children are grow1 ing up. Ile pays on a sliding headed by fath vinec says that to with the Governm had only five req fathers anxious to and bring up the rather than havin a salaried homem One father foug tem and won. bu he took his appea tion on a CRC prot 'Ombudsman. A ps report said that the dren needed pare and the father a wanted to stay h them. The provin him Family Bene would have am about .:11.10 a mon Mr. J. Jessiman, M.P.P. Par /lament Buildings, Queens Park. TORMITO. Ontario. Dear Mr. Jessimen:- erege, for drugs. h tio%. medical aid special assistance aa4lable to singl :After the resulting the man won the ri efits, but Governme stressed that this w ception, not policy. we wish to draw to your attention certain statements attributed to the inistry of Community and Social Serviced' official. Mr. T. Divinic. aa reported i the July 18th Issue of the Globe and Mail, W believe that Mr. Divinicss Nstification of the riln.l.Etryta discriminatory end repressive legialatiorp attention and we would urge you to initiaterequires your action to rectify this situation - both in terms of erecting chang in the legislation and in encouraging attitude change with the civil service. We have long recognized that the Ministry's visiting homemakers service is regulated in a way discriminates against womea. Receut declarations that of the government's concern for equal rights; and opportunities for women had. however, prompted us to hope that these regulations would quickly be altered. Apparently we were overly using optimistic. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �We aro avail mora a/arazd to learn that the Family Deuefita %et 1.--,,igu1ation4 will crAntinue to discriminate against men. It was coma4)aly assuged that the successful appeal occasaioned by the public attuntion receirsd through the Ombudsman Program bad rectiaed this zatuation. Will it now be necessary for every father to obtain nation-wide publicity in order to :;.4000170 his rigttDul eocial assistance? we conaidc it deplorable that tbo province has done nothing to eliminate its o legislation that in so blatantly sexist. It ts even wx-c appalling that a govorment official rests that r;dst legislation is justificd. 140 are most seriously coome6 that an officLas who is so obviously out of touch with reslitys is in a position to ozerciso so much power over more unfortunate Ontario citizens. Zne detrimental effect that this oppressive1,,gislattan will have c the child' m affnated by theme situations cannot be ovor smriha3isee We truct that this matt a. uill be or concern to 1 Ii xsA, every effort to right these injustices you azIO that. yca In. trP-Actb. z-o-ordiantor c.a. J. Pouldas o,c. H.=, 1,4m. Duvia e,c. Hone R, Brunoll. n.p.p. are avaUabe 4J. r11IVL WILL. NEVER BETH E SAMEJ PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �P R E A T R day or t'Ac of fun WOMEN'S HEALTH COLLECTIVE :ntarz,-sted in getting one going? 'Others are. Join them. Contact Estelle at 623-3107. talkin(7...censciousness raisin,.. yo name it. Aur Just 16t(7:00 p.m.; stay over if you can Anrjut 17th, (all dy; HIGH SCHOOL WOMEN Want to get together with othe 2ohool women for action, it cc)n:,lousness-i-aising, ets:;.? If so, contact Estelle at 623-3107. tr.ap *iF GAS hulVqk Oa-1 31. elk 62-3-13.5 6 IYTEREST77?? phone Women's Centre at 6Z3-3107"rejarding food, a ride, campinc, sui-41ies, etc. Ir CONSCIOUSNESS-RAISING :.7!_an't make both cillyn, fed Intcreste-d? Croups 0-e now being forme:1. Phon,,I, 623-3107 and leave your name (at an Women's 1 number, SPEAKERS Centre)!! frc'e to drop In for an our or so. PLL WOMEN WELCOME Thursday, August :;:a.th.--Warren Sundberg, an instructor in KARATE, will be to give a demonstration and answer any questions concerning the use of self-defense. Up and Coming--Don Colborne, a local lawyer who was involved with the recent rape case in Kenora (C. Big George vs. Brown, Cedarwail and Carlson); will talk about the legal aspects of rape. All are urged to attend these meetings! .111M111.,14.1.,1701.7 C,1MV'S CF.11-ft- r7-F'F77--'71777.,. i.NP TO CA "2 AL,CiO'J'L PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �w ;A;,)...K. VSCS f t ; CA p.x..--/ko ok TiE A13) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �WOMEN'S HEALTH COLLECTIVE :ntarestsd in getting one going? Cnlers are. ';oin them. Contact Estelle at 623-3107. R E P R E A T d'7,y or two of fun frolic..relatinE talkini7...consciousness raising.. nrIme it. ti HIGH SCHOOL WOMEN Want to get to with other h!,gh school women for action, cc)nilousnosS-raising, If so, contact Estelle at 623-3107. Aurust 16t:1' (7:00 p.m.) stay over if you can and AuJut 17t, (all (ivy.) AMPS?? :_lee map CONSCIOUSNESS-RAISING Intorasted? rt Groups a-e now being formcd. Phom- 623-3107 and leave your name and nun':)er. tIt NIZSINitt elk 62..3 2.5 INT7REST27?? Pleae phone Women's Centre at 4413-31Orrejarding food, a ride, camptn supplies, stc.0 If you can't make both drys, fen' free to drop in for an 'hour or so. WC= WELCOME ____--- SPEAKERS (at Women's Centre)!! Thursday, August . -- Warren Sundberg, an instructor in KARATE, will be to give a demonstration and answer any questions concerning the use of self-defense. Up and Coming--Don Colborne, a local lawyer who was involved with the recent rape case in Kenora (C. Big George vs. Brown, Cedarwall and Carlson) will talk about the legal aspects of rape. All are urged to attend these meetings! 0,.3"6 UNIV. . A..J X *:-.;:01ir,OWEL 77777777n= litre CATALOGUE H-iE BOOK:). PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1'_.. _..7 TO �LOS ANGELES (AP) - The Barbie doll, a baby, is sweet imagine they're grown up. sort of try out the grown- billion-dollar 16 this year. ;role. Millions of little girls are hel- "Each generation has Wad ping her celebrate. certain common things in their it o y s like Goldielocka Raggedy Ann. Barbie is the world's biggest toy. To her young owners, she is a real personality. To Mattel Inc.. her producer, she is a $100-million.a-year en,ietting or "The Barbie doll has become the popular one for the kids of !today because represents terprise. Barbie contemporary a individual-whatever she is to the child. She's ubiquitous en- Eighty million Barbies have horn sold since the doll was created in Ma by Ruth Hat'filer, co-founder of the toy manufacturer. Sales now run ough to he a baby, a little girl or a teen-ager." DREAMS OF FUTURE about six million a year. Mattel says Barbie was deproject her owners Teen-ager Barbie is 11112 inches tall. has long blonde hair into adulthood a wardrobe that would be the little girls to put themselves signed to and is stylishly slender. She has "Barbie enabled millions of envy of a movie star. She is the owner of airplane, a n into almost limitless future lift situations." he added. "Threugh townhouse, an dune buggy and Barbie. other luxuries-ii parents want to pay the bill. Why has Barbie won and young hopes and this place in the hearts of girls? 'Barbie strikes a common denominator as her.'' were adult. future:" able to Some lives. their for the dreams parents say ruefully that once a child is bitten by the Barbie hug there is no end the All- American good little girl, andthe child can both identify with Barbie they project a variety of teen-age to what she wants for her OIL and want to be like says Dr. Edward R. "What's with this doll?" gaif ped a father at the sight of Bar- associated professor of hip's Ttityo, medical school. " Ch ild re n since as which sell for ti to $1.50 each. . "Girls particularly ... have objects which we call dells which they love and kiss. They do to dolls what their mothers do to them. They "When doll has dresses. pantsuits. coats., shorts and nightgowns :hinge to develop their fantasies around," he continued. chosen gown. basic kit of apparel. But that's only the start. The demanding time theirs personalities grow. have used immemorial, wedding does it all stop ?" A Barbie costs ta to eFi with a Child- Psychiatry at the UCLA Barbie Celebrates Rounding out her wardrobe are a ballet costume, ski suit: stewardess' uniform. tennis costume, camping garb and party dresses. Cost: t3 apiece. Her 16th Birthday TO CHRISTOPHER On rainy days when we're caught inside and you cry for my attention and my headaches and I scream at you and you cry again, I think, perhaps, I should have given you up. Then I could spend my rainy days reading, sleeping, writing And on sunny days I could Walk and visit and shop and play. But on rainy days, you would still be caught inside, crying for attention and being screamed at by someone else. e Mary Deaton, Berkely, Californi PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Z'2 �FAMILY HE CONFEDERATION COLLEGE OF APPLIED ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY PROPERTY LAW WORKSHOP SHUNIAH BUILDING LECTURE THEATRE 111811111111111.. Thunder Bay PROGRAMME Sept. 20, 21, 1974 Friday, September 20, 1974 Chairperson - Ruth Cunningham Director Women's Programs Confederation College 8:30 7:30 8:30 - 10:00 - Symposium Panel on the Ontario Status of Women Council Saturday, September 21, 1974 Chairperson - Joan Packota Past Pres. University Women's Club 8:30 9:00 Review of previous evening 9:00 9:30 - Film Family Property Law WOMEN - In 1975 "International Family and Uomen1.? Ye:Lr." Property laws which discriminate 'hopefully' will against; that be changed. it 'Northern Women' take an active role in terms of implementing such changes. This conferenc is your chance to: :1.13 a) become aware of discrimination directed at women. b) to voice your feelings ana to be part of the change which will affect all of us in the future. Application forms are available at Conrederation College and the Northern Uomen's Centre. 9:30 - 10:30 - Marie L. Corbett B.A., LL.B. COFFEE AND DISCUSSION 12:00 2:00 - Lunch (included in fee) 2:00 - 2:30 - Report of Discussion Groups 2:30 - 3:00 4:00 - 3:00 - Coffee 4:00 - Laura Sab a, B.A. 4:30 - Closing Remarks Pcgistration Fee is *5.00. :a care and lunches are provided. Speakers will include: Ms. Laura Ssbia, Chairwoman, Ontario Statue of Women Council. Ms. Marie Corbett, B.A., L.L.B., Chairwoman, Justice Committee, Ontario Status of Women Council. Ys. Marjorie Pinney, Executive Officer, Ontario Status of Women ,Council. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor akA �BOYCOTT... DATES TO REMEMBER KRAFT products Women's Centre Meetins (General): ...ANGOLAN coffee 8 p.m....CALIFORNIA grapes When: Every Thurs. eve. & lettuce sharp * 1:!ere: 2nd Floor, Fort Wm. YMCA ...CHILEAN Grapes (Every woman welcome). ...your POSTAL CODE * Need a Ride? or Child Crire???? 623-3107 Call Women's Centre 623-3925 or Lucy 41, ARTICLE DEADLINEi-. AUGUST 20th. Send articles, letters, poems, suggestions, questions, book reviews, etc. tc: Box 314, Stn. F, Thunder Bay, Ont. 410 4646 410 411 TEE NORTHERN WOMEN'S CENTRE wsletter Meetings ('The Northern Woman' ) When: Every Tues. eve. -±3 8 p.m. sharp 10 a.m. - 5 p.m. 7 p.m. - 10 p.m. (Mon. thru Fri.) WHERE: 2nd Floor - Fort William YMCA Where: The Northern Women' s Centre, Fort Wm. YMCA to II ID 1110 OPEN: 13c' N. Archibald Street PHONE: 623-3107 !i4114 Ob. rxplorinfr, Polities When: Every 2nd Fri. @ 7 p.m. sharp 1 (Aug. 2nd, 16th, 3 0 th ) Where: The Northern Women's Centre, Fort Wm. YMCA Return To: kg 14 People Who Did THIS ISSUE: Doreen, Helen, Noreen, Lucy, Linda, Eve, Laurie, Susan, Estella, Marion, Corky, Eleanor, Rose Marie (If YOU ...hope we haverJt missed anyone. would like to be on this Honour Role, come Meet o out to our Newg THE NORTHERN WOMAN Box 3140- Stn. F THUNDER BAY, ONTARIO (Return Postage Guaranteed) PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 1 No. 12 Description An account of the resource Vol. 1, No, 12 (August 1974) Topics Include: Editorial Policy (Collective Consensus) Dr. Henry Morgentaler Court Case Special Report: Rape Case Kenora Rape Testimony (Letter To The Editor) Rape Crisis Centres Self Defence Nuclear Family – Division Of Labour/Labour Value Marriage Law Equality Postal Boycott Anti-Rape Movements Ontario Anti-Poverty Organization/Coalition Caregiving Work & Sexism Local Announcements & Events Barbie Family Property Law Authors/Contributors: Rose-Marie Neuman Eve Pykerman Shelagh Mundy Eleanor Morin Nancy Cooper Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2736/1974_Vol_1_No_13_CV01.pdf 8d860cc12889a57dbf68b81f54ee79ed PDF Text Text PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL POLICY The newsletter group, a separate yet supportive group of the Northern Women's'Centre. reflects the complexity of the make up of the Northern Women's Centre as a whole. Being a smaller, unified group, the editorial board of The Northern Woman will attempt through collective creative andtEought-provoking comments, to respond to, and express (through a consensus of opinion) their reactions to, various articles, letters and timely topics of interest. Throtedh such a policy it is hoped that The Northern Woman will become a tool for women to develop an inereased understending of their situation and forests affecting their lives. :A=0E-..._.--,.,;wismeze=agatimamamwaxmwr, IIMI ME I WE I EDITORIAL / This i1S40 is dedfeated to HEALTH physical. For, as Simone de Beauvoir sat confidence i4 own body i.e to lose c For this ," is nelessiley that all a knowledge but alio an understanding of of m al and have ideace in oneself." men have not only eir bodies. "Not Up to this time the medial pronliedien has been allowed to and willingly subscribes to a basic assumption patient, particularly a female, is quiet, passive, that the and ignorant of her body. As a result very few women have a positive attitude towards the medical profession. We are tired of being subjected to long waits, short and cursory examinations which do not alleviate any fears or provide answers to our questicns. A doctor is not omniscent; every patient has the right to question her/him and so receive clear informative explanations. Only when we cease to conceive of our bodies as objects of mystery and begin to voice our desires and to demand basic rights, will the attitude of the medical profession change. Until the demystification of the body and democratizatization of health services becomes a reality for all, we as women, must increase our awareness of the functioning of our bodies. This Newsletter hopes to serve as a stepping stone in that direction. It is time we stopped deluding ourselves that our discomfort and dissatisfaction in the medical profession is a function of personal maladjustment on all our parts. The sooner we realize that our difficulties ape common and widespread, the sooner we can humanize the sterile, impersonal world of medicine & health care. PDF compression, OCR, web1975: optimization using a watermarked evaluation International Women's Tearcopy of CVISION PDFCompressor �YOUR RIGHTS AS A PATIENT How often have you left your doctor's office with the feeling you were not treated as an individual, that your problems were not very important, that your questions were not answered to your satisfaction ( if you could bring yourself to ask them at all), that you were rushed or treated in a paternal manner? Some women have long complained to their friends about the doctor/patient relationship. Some women have developed a blind loyalty to their doctors, coming quickly to their defense should they be critized, although they may complain themselves about the treatment they received. But now more -than ever before women are becoming more selective in their choice of tqho they see about their health needs: Because of the women's movement women are discussing openly and honestly their grievances toward many doctors. YOU CAN CHANGE DOCTORS: Staying with the same doctor means s/he has forlied a medical picture of you in he: or his mind, and s/he has recorded your health problems which can prove to be valuable when you come for medical advice. At the same time, the mere fact a doctor has your medical history shouldn't bind you to him/her if your not satisfied. Records can easily be transferred. You don't have to settle for a single opinion: You are well within your rights when you set out to corroborate the findings of any doctor. A second opinion can be particularly helpful when it comes to the advisability of surgery. There is a growing concern about the many hyster_ ectomies and mastectomies that are performed. Explore all alternatives before agreeing to an operation. The womens movement is the road to knowing and appreciating onesel You are not obliged to participate in experiments: New drugs and new surgical procedures must be tried out on someone before they gain acceptance, but if you happen to be that "someone" you have a right to know it, and be informed of the dangers involved. Ca rtyr tj r PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Year �YeiU ARE ENTITLED TO ARE.',SON ABLE AMOUNT OF TIME & ATTENTION You have a right to expect that s/he has set aside the time to (1) give you a chance to talk about the problem. (2) Examine you. (3) Record the details (4) discuss it with you (5) Suggest what steps you can take to solve it, and (6). Answer any questions you may have. You have every right to expect PRIVACY -- you should be able to EFII-Trankly without fear of being overheard. Your health records are privileged information and should not be maee :7-41,0,e te anyone who is not directly involved in your care unless you give your permission to make this information available. Continuity of Care A backup doctor should be standing by to answer your calls, or respond to any emergency, when yous. on doctor is away. te The Preservation of Personal 7.5=17-m e man77-in which you are cared for should be in no way affected by your sex, social standing, or race. Respectful and considerate care is every patients due. II rCe.sZt.30A,00,p lull Information Is Yours For at t e pak,ient 117.7gE7Tknow can't hurt her" is toe often the attitude of many doctors. You have the right to ask questions expect truthful answers and explanations 'ou can understand, also, the name & possible side effects of medications prescribed. t710.. CNC' tz 1% EaKkAl_sA Men go to great pains to avoid talkie q about women in front of them ('Not in front of a lady") - it would give their game away. To overhear a bull session is traumatic to a woman: So, all this time she has been considered only, "ass", "meat", "twee, or stuff", to be gotten a "piece of", "that hitch", or "this broad" tc be tricked out of money or sex or love! To understand finally that she is no better than other women but completely indistinguishable comes not just as a blow but as total annihilation. ft International Women's Year Shulamith Firestone PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor The Dialectic of Sex �Ear "The Foam"- Aerosol Vaginal Spermic de Description; White cream with the consistency of shaving cream. It contains a sperm killing chemical. It comes in a can with a plunger,type plastic applicator. Effectiveness 745am is not as effective as a diaphragm used with cream or jelly, or as a condom. If it must be used alone, two full applicators should be inserted, as close to the time of intercourse as possible. If you absolutely don't want to get pregnant, don't count on foam alone. Disadvantages - Foam friltates some vaginas and some penises. Delfen, which is most effective, also tends to be most irritating. -Not effective enough to depend on. - Using it can be a (brief) interruption of sex if the couple do not treat it as part of the sex play. -Responsibility is primarily the women's. Advantages --Easily available in ctrug stores. - Is effective in helping to prevent VD. CONDOM (Rubber, Safe, Prophylactic) Description: A Iheath, usually make of thin, strong latex rubber, designed to fit over an erect penis to keep the semen from getting into the women's vagina. Usually comes rolled up, unrolls to about 71A inches. There are no "sizes" since all are eensiderably elastic. Skin condoms (made from animal membrane) are more expensive but tend to cut down less on sensation. Effectiveness; Used alone, a good quality condom is 85-95 percent effective, with a spermicidal foam, 100 percent effective, depending on how carefully it is used. (a) leave a half inch at the end of a plain-ended one for semen. (b) Unroll carefully to avoid catching air in the end. (c) Use a lubricant to prevent tearing, spermicide) roam, cream, jelly, K-Y Jelly, or saliva, but not vaseline. ;tppl the lubricant after the condom is on the penis. (d) The man must hold the rim when he withdraws his no longer-erect-penis afte ejaculation; otherwise the condom might slip off, and sperm will get into the vagina. In case of accident, use cream or jelly or foam as quickly as possible, Dieadvanta ,es JELLIES AND CREAMS SpermiciTa176 comes in a tube with a plastic applicator. It forms a film over the cervix which blocks end kills the sperm. Effectiveness It is not as effective as foam, so unless foam irritates, don't use creams or jellies alone. - Can ru n the spontaneity of sex, unless the man and woman can share the unrolling of the condom, making it an enjoyable routine of sexual foreplay. -Many men claim that the condom dulls sexual pleasure. Physiologically, this claim is highly questionable. These mer are usually refusing to accept responsik ility for birth control. .1cae.`fieta.4.e.tat. Disadvantages Problems of leakage or Advantage Can be bought at a drug store without a prescription. 1975: International Women's Year PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �evantages aieap, easily avaibie, easy to use A method of birth control that gives , nee protectien against VD. It also pro tects partners from infection like trichomonas. - Condoms have a shelf life of two years. A condom kept in a wallet or pocket will deteriorate, but a high quality condom can be used five or six times if cared for. Put it in a glass of water temporarily, thenwash it, dust with cornstarch, and reroll. - AN,-.11% .Sr DIAPHRAGM AND SPERMACIDAL JELLY OR CREAM: 1880 - Diaphragm was a major breakthrough in the liberation of women from unwanted pregnancies. Up until 1960 when the pill and IUD were invented, 1/3 of all American couples used the diaphragm. DESCF PTION It is made of soft rubber material and is shaped like a shallow cup. It has a flexible metal spring rim. It should fit snugly over your cervix, locked in place behind the pubic bone and reaching back into the posterior fornix of your vagina. It comes in a variety of sizes, depending on the size of your upper vagina. Tile size you require is a difficult thing for you to determine, therefore a trip to the doctor is required. FOW IT WORKS Before a visit to your doctor, you should examine yourself internally to determine the positions of both tnbubic bone and the cervix. This 7.s essential when fitting into place the diaphragm. The doctor then fits several rings of different size into the vagina to determine the size you need. After fitting the first the doctor will or should ask you if you can feel it. If you say "no" he or she will take that ring out and insent the next larger size and this continues until you can only slightly:' feel the ring and that's your size. There is a possibility that after a woman has had a child, an abortion, an operation dealing with the pelvic area or has lost or gained ten pounds, it might be wise to ')e refitted. After the visit to the doctor you should know how to Insert the device yourself. About a teaspoon of spermicidal jelly or cream is smearee on the upper surface of the diaphragL, (dome up or down, depending on your anatomy). Spermacide must not be PDF compression, OCR, web Vomen's optimizationYear using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: Inernational �laced on the rim since this increases the possibility of displacing the diaphragm during coitus. With ona hand you squeeze the diaphragm into a long, narrow shape. With the other hand, hold the vaginal lips apart, then insert the compressed davice into the vagina until the far rim passes the cervix. You then push the front rim up behine the pubic bone and chock that the cervix is completely covered. Plastic or metal inserters facilitate insertion especially for women with short fingers or dislike handling themselves. The diaphragm is most easily inserted wh!1e crouching, squatting, lying down, or standing with one foot raised. The diaphragm may be inserted no more than two hours and not less than 1/2 hour before sexual intercourse. If two hours pass, an inserter full of spermicide can be injected into the vagina or the entire procedure can be repeated. You can walk around, bathe or urinate with a diaphragm in place, but you should recheck its position ,e'ter a bowel movement. 1J ter an act of sexual intercourse, an additional application of spermieide must be inserted into the vagina by means of an applicator before each additional coitus. After intercourse, l'Ira the die; ~ eagm in for six hours or so to ensure that all sperm are de- Diaphragms made of plastic are available in case of an allergic reaction to rubber. Also, the brand of spermicide should be changed if either partner is allergic to the kind being used. The diaphragm is ineffective if left in a dresser drawer or purse. However, that is not the only reason for its potential failure. The device can slip out of position for a number of reasons: improper fit, cream on the rim, expansion of the vaginal walls during sexual stimulation, and frequent insertions of the penis. The diaphragm is much more easily displaced in coital positions where the woman is above the man. The diaphragm and cream costs about $6.00. Word of Warning: It is best not to 'leave your disidinagm lying about as someone uninformed as to the form of a diaphragm may easily mistake it for an ashtray. Just a pun but it did actually happen. Tee Hee! Much of my material I gathered the Magill Handbook on "Birth from Control ° and the book entitled "Our Bodies, Ourselves'*. Also thanks Linda for the helpful article you gave me. Val Packota s'n..oyed. Touching is unnecessary. Simply clean around vagina with a warm washcloth and towel. Occaeionally, hold the diaphragm up to tne light and check it for cracks, or holes, especially around the rim. After use, wash the diaphragm witn id soap and water, dry it gently and pove-- it with corr tarch. diaphragm can be used during menetration although conception is unlikely at that time. WK-a positioned correctly the diaphragm cannot be felt by either sexeal partner during coitus. . ) The secret is freedom and that means no bras or Bridles. You got to do wnat you want to do and wear wnat you want to wear. Everybody is so hung up . on the matching game-- the shoes have to match the bag which matches the coat and dress But the big question is, is it matching your soul. Janis Joplin Village Voice 611111111111111111311=41111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111=111111111111011E. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Year �cQ , THE PILL The pill is, at the present have not done complete medical time, the only birth control histories and examinations. Also method that is 100% effective if the side-effect and dangers of the taken as prescribed ie. every day pill, to certain women have not for 21 days.. (depending on type been thoroughly explained. In a of pill you take). study done by the Vancouver Women's HOW IT WORKS Health Booklet - 32% of the women The pill is make up of surveyed said their doctors pressynthetic chemicals that ordincribed the pills without adequately arily enable women to conceive a checking their medical history.. baby.. The pill adds estrogen .and The disadvantages and dangers progesterone in synthetic form to of taking oral contraceptives as the body's own production of any other product medication cannot hormones.. Estrogen -- chemical that be overstated. acts on the brain centre that controls the pituitary gland resulting in the gland to decrease the production of eggT- prevents development of other eggs--causes Any synthetic chemical that wall of womb to thicken and prepare "messes around" with body chemistry it to receive fertilized egg. Also is dangerous to women susceptible stimulates milk producing gland of to various physical problems. of breasts. Progesterone--compleListed below are the reasons tes preparation of the wall of the you should not take the pill or womb with a further supply of blood good arguments for thinking about and other fluids necessary for other birth control alternatives. early stages of pregnancyr--also WOMEN WHO SHOULD NOT TAKE THE PILL seems to prevent release of any more 9ggs.. -diseases or conditions associated to effect, the pill, adding with poor blood circulation a considerable amount of estrogen -bad varicose veins and progesterone prevents preg-pulmonary embolism (blood clot nancy primarily by preventing thg in the lung) development of the egg in the ovary -stroke If a low estrogen level is present -retinal thrombosis on the last day of your cycle a -heart disease hormonal message is sent by the -heart defect pituitary gland which begins devhepatitis or other liver diseases elopment of egg in the ovary. -undiagnosed abnormal genital What the pill does is raise your bleeding estrogen level enough to prevent -cancer of the breast or of the repthat message from being sent.. In roductive organs or a family effect your ovary remain inactive history of breast cancer when taking the pill. -lactation (nursing mothers should DISADVANTAGES OF BEIM 100% SURE not take birth-control pills There are varied opinions on -cystic fibrosis the pill and problems linked with the pill ie. blood clots, cancer etc. However because the pill is 100% effective it is given publicity as giving women complete contrel over their bodies. Doctor links HowPill may cause,, ever we must ask in this article what price do we have to pay for migraines, being 100% sure.. breast cancer, The pill must be prescribed by a doctor. estrogen use Too often the pill BMA warned has been doled out by doctors who PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Neurosurgeon links pill to female infertility . �VOLUNTARY STERILIZATION ----A PERSONAL EXPERIENCE A significant change is occurring among many women today. Vlereas in the past, most things affecting women were out of their hands (parents, husbands, "laws of nature"), today women are seeking control-- of their lives, of their bodies. The control they demand of their own bodies has had an obvious effect on our society ie.more money is being put into development of safer and more effective birth control methods, the abortion issue is being argued daily. Although these changes are seemingly insignificant in light of what should be happening, they still represent a change in attitude from even 15 years ago, when abortion was something that was never even mentioned by the average person. At one time women never questioned the fact that they would have children--it was inevitable--it was what women do. Women are questioning now, though, and the answers they're coming up with range from limiting the number of children they bear to one or two, to choosing not to have children at all. When the decision has been made not to have any (more) children the question then becomes which birth control method would provide the most effective, safest, long-term effects. Of to two most effective methods--the pill (99A and the IUD(95%), neither would appear to be too safe for any extended period of time. The most permanent, safest method, therefore, is obviously sterilization. It is one hundred percent effective and is usually final. It is the only really permanent form of birth control. Choosing sterilization is an important decision. Most people you talk to about it will probably react with shock especially if you have only one child or none at all. You may even have many internalized feelings yourself of infertility meaning "inferiority". however, after these have been examined and dealt eith, you will most likely run into the biggest struggle of all--finding a docto who will perform the operatinn. I would like to relate my personal experience with voluntary sterilization, which, I believe could probably be generalized. I am a single parent with two children who,at the time I started investigating sterilization, were 3 and 4 years old. I have never been married. I had been on the pill for 3 years, and given information that you should go off them every 3-4 years, I was getting worried about how ingesting this chemical into my body daily was affecting me. Examining other birth control methods, I discovered all of them to be unsatisfactory for me. The nexr safest, IUD, made me shudder; I didn't like the thought of a little bit of plastic and copper embedded somewhere in my body. Abstinence seemed to be the my only out(sterilization hadn't occurred to me yet). Being ayoung, sexually healthy woman, it didn't strike me as being any kind of a viable alternative. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Year �s. It finally occurred to me that I was only looking into short-term methods. I knew I didn't want any more children. The thought of getting pregnant again filled me with terror; I paniced every time my period was a day late. So why not end my child bearing "career" permanently? For six months I battled with myself. After all, I was only 20 years old; isn't sterilization a rather drastic step? But, my children were getting out of babyhood dependency and I loved the freedom it offered me. I spoke to everyone I knew about it. Many of my friends (mostly women) were incredibly supportive of my decision. The majority of people though, men and women, were shocked. Their shock, however only served to reinforce my deelson. I made an appointment with my doctor. I wouldn't even have considered approaching my gynecologist about it (a man who reminded me faintly of Robert foung in a Marcus Welby-Father Knows Best combination). I felt it would be fairly easy. After all, I was an "unwed mother", and many people were adverse to propagating the race of "illegitimate" children"( I wasn't too concerned about the resoning behind it--as long as I could get the operation done). 7.4y doctor, though, was just a little too liberal. He seemed to think I had just as much right to have children as 3 married woman did. lie insisted I would meet a man some time ("After all, you're o attractive") and fail madly in love, want to get married and give him a-child-of-his-own. He also told me that if I were married my husbands signatureend consent would give me the right to be eternized if he said I could. After talking to him for a while, he finally convinced me to think abut it even though I already had been for six months or more. I went off the pill and on his advice, had an IUD inserted. 7-Tis argumeni-infuriated me after I had had time to think abet it. First of all, if I ever did meet a man I wanted to get into a long-term relationship with, he would have to accept my children as "his own".. I couldn't concieve of a relationship with a man who related to them as my responsibility, alone, an attitude which would be representative of an entire individualistic frame of reference which I can no longer relate to. A short time later I approached another doctor, a partner of the first. His reaction was the same: I'm too young voisftdiOn, I may change my mind, I may meet somenne etc. A year later, when I was even more convinced that I should have the operation done due to extreme discomfort from the IUD, I approached another doctor. This time it was a woman, my reasoning being that she might be able to empathize with my situation to a small degree more than a man could. I was able to talk to her quite openly about my feelings and she finally agreed to speak to the gynecologist/surgethn about it. He agreed and they scheduled my admission into the hospital. I want into the hospital with no fe&lings of apprehension at all. I felt exhilarated; I finally had some control over my body. The operation itself was a simple procedure, only in use for a year. The procedure was termed "laparoscopy" and was done by making two tiny innisinns in the abdomen and inserting a tube called a laperoscope which is used to cauterize the tubes. I was able to go home the following day. After I came home, I felt P eer_A3 sense of freedom, as if, now that I no longer had to worry About getting pregnant, I could get on with the rest of my life. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION coat PDFCompressor �9. My experience with the first two doctors made me realize just how much the medical profession views women as not having any Abotion, bibth control, r7.Eht in determining their own lives. ahild birth, and sterilization are all things which, although they affect the woman directly are all somehoe removed from her hands. Major decisions are made not 122: her but for her, either by the man she is married to or by the man who a-Ter doctor. The time is here, now, to start insisting that we be given the right of control over war own bodies which will mean another step in the direction of control overour lives. THE MALE OPTION - VASECTOMY To describe a vasectomy in the usual idiotic T.V. type advertisement one could say that "It takes away the worry of being close". WHAT IS A VASECTOMY? How is it performed? How will it effect me? These are some of the questions that bother the average male, so, having had a vasectomy four years ago I shall attempt to answer these questions to alleviate any fears the male may have about the possible after effects of a very simple operation. How will it effect me? After a month or so you will not even be aware that you had a vasectomy, and the location of any small Will it scars are generally impossible. I would effect my sex life? Rubbish! highly recommend it as a viable choice in the decision of birth control and it appears to me ludicrous to have a woman go through the major female operation of Tubal Ligation, or have her take the Pill when a vasectomy is such an easy answer. Take this advice from a four year veteran! Mike .Generally a visit to your doctor to discuss the operation is mandatory and some doctors prefer the wife to be present, although this depends on the doctor involved, and in my own case all that was required was my wife's permission for the operation. Usually in the doctor's How is it done. The office under a very mild anesthetic. whole experience takes about half an hour. The operative procedure is about ten minutes. All the operation entails is the making of two miniscule incisions in the "Bag" and locating the two Vas Deferens, cutting, tying and applying some type of plastic The whole bandage over the small cuts. procedure is less painful than a visit Although, it is usually to the dentist. suggested that one wait until the next day to resume work; the only discomfort is a slight pulling sensation of the testicles. Because, one support tube is removed they tend to drop until the muscles strengthen The advisability of wearing an again. athletic support for a few weeks is This slight inconvenience desireable. and a period of caution for about ten weeks is usually advised by your doctor to make sure that all live sperm have disappeared. International Women's Yearcopy of CVISION PDFCompressor PDF compression, OCR, web 1975: optimization using a watermarked evaluation AllailION �IUD Page 9A lomm INTRAUTERINE DEVICES AVAILABILITY Several devices which are pictured here have been used by women. As can be seen the design of these devices has become less complicated over time as a result of much needed scientific work. However, much more research is needed in this area. (A) Most women should be able to make use of this method unless the uterus is exceedingly small or there is excessively heavy mentrual flow and/ or cramping. Also people with V.P., severe vaginal and uterine infection should not use the IUD. To be safe make sure to have a full pelvic and breast examination as well as pap smee and V.D. tests if necessary. (B) (E) (A) (E) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H) (I) ** Majzlin Spring Birnberg Bow Saf-T-Coil** Ota Ring Dalkon Shield. Hall-Stone Ring Lippes Loop** Zipper Ring Margulies Coil. most recent devices HOW IT WORKS No one is absolutely sure how the IUD works to prevent pregnancy there are several theories: Over two thousand years ago Arab and Turk camel drivers discovered the principle of the IUD. They inserted tiny pebbles into the uterus of female camels by means of a hollow lead tube in order to prevent pregancy during long journeys through the desert. During the nineteenth century IUD's were used extensively in the United States and Europe for a correction of uterine displacement, treatment of menstrual abnormalities and infertility and in the later part of the century, for contraception. "The IUD, which touches the linin of the uterus at several points, irritates the lining and keeps it from developing properly, so a fertilized egg cannot find a good place to implant. The IUD speeds up the peristaltic waves by which the fallopian tube moves the egg down toward the uterus. The egg's journey of 4-5 days gives the uterine lining time to become secretory under the influence of progesterone. Studies are being done to determin, if the presence of the IUD causes hormonal changes which cause the suppression of ovulation. A fairly recent theory holds that the uterne wall responds to the foreign body by sending out macrophages - huge white blood cells - which try to get rid of the IUD, and failing that, devour egg or sperm or both. This is not an infection."' Today the IUD is usually a small plastic device, placed inside the Uterus by means of an inserter with one or two strings extending from 1 - information taken the vagina so that one is able to from page 120 PDF OCR, web a watermarked evaluation of CVISION PDFCompressor of Our copy Bodies see compression, that the device isoptimization still in using place. Ourselves. �INSERTION OF LIPPES LOOP INTO THE UTERUS nylon threads Page 9B n nylon threads INSERTION Insertion of an IUD is undertaken during or just after menstruation, or at the time of an abortion. This is accomplished with the use of an inserter. The diagram shows how easily the device is placed into the uterus. IUD's should always be inserted by a well-trained person because of the risk of infection. In Canada this usually means a doctor, although, in other countries these tasks are often handled by trained medical technicians. However, the demystification of the medical profession which results from the use of technicians seems to be a long way off at least in this country. SIDE EFFECTS Some women have more bleeding and cramping than usual for the first few days (One medical journal suggests that one or two months is not too long for bleeding to take place after insertion). One can only assume that these were "male" doctors who wrote the article. ADVANTAGES Eliminates worry about birth control at the time of intercourse. It is easier than remembering to take your pill or inserting your diaphram. It is probably safer than pumping your system full of chemicals. In socialist countries where oral contraceptives are frowned upon, IUD's have been their alternative and have been used extensively by all women including those who have not had children. The reason for why the IUD is used less often in this country appears to be the profit motive. The pill costs only pennies to produce but costs the consumer up to $3.50 or more per month. The IUD, on the other hand, is a co.etime expense. Obviously companies manufacturing these devices will push the more profitable of the two. REVERSIBILITY Chances of becoming pregnant after removal are the same as before using the IUD. AtIONIM3011101101.00+1111INMIMMIIMIONMO. REFERENCES 1. BIRTH CONTROL HANDBOOK 4th edition, August 1970, McGill University Arts and Science Undergraduate Society. 3. OUR BODIES OURSELVES Boston Women's Health Book Collective. Simon and Schuster. New York 1973. 4. MEDICAL HANDBOOK BIRTH CONTROL HANDBOOK International Planned Parenthood 10th edition, March 1973, Federation. 3rd edition 1968 Health Press Incorporated. PDF Montreal compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked amended evaluation1971. copy of CVISION London.PDFCompressor 2. �Page 9C FOR MEN ONLY NEW BREAKTHROUGHS IN BIRTH CAN YOU NAME THESE I.PD:s P A D A. whirling dervish B. silent spring CONTROL Several thousand male prisoners have been using the Hot Rod since April, and the results "We had only had look promising. 34 cases or third degree burns," she stated, and we are working closely with the local Burn Unit to see whether or not the patients Prison officials will recover. have noted that since the advent of the Hot Rod, there have been When 43% fewer escape attempts. asked about the correlation between the use of the Hot Rod and the incidence of prison breaks, the warden replied, "Well, the men seem reluctant to walk around anymore." C. the drop kick D. stiff upper NEW HEAT WAVE KILLS SPERM INJECTION DECAPITATES SPERM lippy RUTTING, N.M., July 10 - A simple method of birth control by injection of a liquid into the penis has been discovered at the Rutting Clinic, by Dr. Eve Weltsmerz. "Using an ordinary hypodermic needle such as used by junkies all over the world, the new chemical formula (pat.pending) will decapitate the sperm, thus rendering it incapable of entering the female egg," Dr. Wetsmerz declared. Experiments on a thousand white whales from the continental shelf (whose sexual apparatus is said to be closest to man's) proved the new chemical to be 100% effective in preventing pregnancy and eminently satisfactory to the female whale since it does not interfere with her rutting pleasure. ANDROGEN, FLORIDA July 10 Scientists at Mammary Research Clinic announced today that they have developed an entirely new concept in birth control. Based on the finding of Dr. Sharon Suffrage, whose study on heat waves was published last year. the Clinic is testing the effects of heat on sperm production. Dr. Suffrage discovered that when intense heat was applied to the scrotum, the male's sperm was Of course, immediately destroyed. so were the testicles, but Suffrage thinks that this minor problem can be overcome. In announcing this new breakthrough in birth control, Suffrage explained THIS ARTICLE WAS TAKEN FROM that she is presently developing a "Her-self", 225 East Liberty portable hot iron which can be Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 applied directly to the scrotum by (August, 1974) The hot iron will the man himself. be marketed commercially by Suffrage Pharmaceutical Co. the trade PDF compression, OCR, webunder optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975 is INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR name "Hot Rod." �FOR EN ONLY; G iN_TalEaLCONTROL IPD antrapenal device) IS TESTED The newest development in male contraception was recently tested Called the intrapenaldevice or the IPD, it is inserted on male prostitutes. through the head of the penis and pushed into the scrotum with a plunger* like instrument. Occasionally there is perforation of the scrotum which is disregarded since the male has no sensitivity to this area of his body. No one really knows how they work or what the long range effects will be, IMF: but then, who cares? Common complaints have been severe cramping, massive hemorraghing and green discharges from the head of the penis which are merely signs that the man's body has not yet adjusted to the "new resident." Hopefully these symptoms will disappear within a year. Ins usually are implanted with a string to insure quick removal or for sado- masochistic "play." In cases where the sex partner has complained of the string, the string is removed and then the IPD must be taken out surgically. PENIS COIL "STATISTICALLY SAFE" INTERCOURSE, PA. July 10 - Dr. Sonia Softig of the Blue Balls Birth Control Clinic announced today the most effective method of birth control since castration. The device, which Dr. Softig invented, is a microscopic oil which can safely be inserted into the penis with very little It will remain discomfort to the man. be intact for as long as desired and removed as easily as it was inserted that is, with a tiny steel rod which is gently rammed through the penis opening. The main feature of the coil is its Experiments on a retentive power. hundred generations of pigs (whose sexual apparatus is said to be closest to man's) showed an expulsion rate of only 1.3%, with a complication rate of merely 18%. Dr Softig announced that the new coil has also been tested on unsuspecting male grad students who visited their University Health Clinic during the week An experimental of July 1 - July 8. study at Macho University showed that of the 762 male grad students who were given the coil, only 112 reported any adverse effects. Of these, 84 requested that the However, they were coil be removed. informed that they would have to wait until the study was completed before they could have the coil taken out. Dr. Softig has conceded that occasionally a man will not be able to tolerate the coil. But she emphasized that this is entirely the fault of that particular man. "When we get such a case," she stated, "we usually refer the man to a psychiatrist." b-UMBRELLY UNFURLED'# by Jane Field Special Science Editor PUDENDA, KANSAS, July 10 - An entirely new method of birth control has been discovered by Dr. Lura.Merkin of the Merkin Clinic. A tiny folded umbrella is inserted in the penis and opens automatically when it has reached the apex of the shaft. The underside of the umbrella contains jelly (hence, the name which causes the sperm to undergo a chemical change rendering it incapable of fertilizing the egg. Dr. Merkin said that the "umbrelly" can be inserted in the penis without an anasthetic, and with very little discomfort to the male. Thus, it can be done in a matter of minutes, in any soundproof doctor's office. Experiments on a thousand goats (whose sexual apparatus is said to be closest to man's) proved the sperm umbrelly to be 100% effective in preventing pregnancy and eminently satisfactory to the female goat since it does not interfere with her rutting pleasure. Dr. Merkin declared the "umbrelly" to be statistically safe for man. "Out of every hundred goats, only two died of intra-penis infection; only twenty experienced painful swelling in the unerected member; sixteen developed cancer of the testicles; and thirteen were too depressed to have an erection," Dr. Merkin pointed out that early cancer detection is a feature of the Merkin Clinic. Removal of one or both testicles is now considered a simple operation and has very little effect on a goat's sexual prowess. Only one out of a thousand goats had to have a radical penisectomy - that is, removal of the penis as well as the testicles. "But it is too rare to be statistically important", Dr. Merkin said. Other distinguished members of the Women's College of Physicians and Surgeons agreed that the results far outweigh the risk to individual men. 1975 - INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEP ?' PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �FAYILY PLANNING There have been obstacles to the practice of family planning. One of the main obstacles has been the fact that, She felt 1:hat education is comin,r, until 1969 the Crimminal Code restricted sale and dissemination of information practice of family :Aanrino.). regaridi 2..contraceptives. flowAV(r, there still exists a ba_:rier in fatily planning services and that is one of education and infromation. It is too little and tno late, people's a'titudes will have to shift to The Dirthe states with all this knowled,-. society has been afraid to move beyond that. surmised that most people in Canada know about contraception, however, about a third of all pre7lancies in Canada are unplanned. The advantaT,es of family planning cannot be overestimated: "If every child is a wanted child, chilren are better cared for, both physically and emotionally. Y,others are subjected to lower health risks if births are spaced carefully. The assurance that anoter child won't come before it's wanted helps couples plan other material and non-material aspects of their lives with more confidence. And we know family planninf; in the wide sense in which it must be defined can assist some of the childless to hear normal healthy habies. amily T-,lannin7. is not 5i. 5l' T.'!.D. It emodi the insertion or an a carerdl if F';!dly resourcs or happy res:)onle faily life." , hea]thy, ::]conomic Council or Canada 1:,arion Powell, Population Unit, :;chool of :Iy;--,iene, Universiy (1 7oronto, has been quoted in say in that '!aving A prevailing spirit seems to that "we are our sisters keepers,.' and we are not doing our duty to others when remaining apathetic to affairs that are constantly callinc; for a change for the better. Erma Stocking, Prov. Sec. of sack. WilA 1914 access to birth control information is not encvh. It is a very complex prol4lem to rove people from attitude to practice. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Ycal: �ABORTION PART 3 /1. Far from preventing harm to society, this law is instrumental in causing harm to many women who, desperate to rid themselves of an unwanted pregnancy, endanger and The final criticism of section 251, (which states that it is illegal for abortions to be performed except by a qualified medical practitioner, who has the consent of a therapeutic abortion committee of three) is the obvious difficulties involved in enforcing this law. That this law is not, and has not been enforced is beyond dispute. Innumerable abortions have been performed and continue to be performed in circumstances contrary to the law, and yet only a tiny fraction of these have ever been prosecuted. The main reason for this is that it is intrinsically difficult, almost impossible, to gather evidence of illegal abortions. Almost always, 'illegal abortions are carried out in a private manner with all parties involved consenting. Even those cases which come to the attention of hospital authorities and police cannot as a rule be prosecuted, for usually the women involved, who would seem to be the logical complainants, usually sometimes destroy their own lives and health. It is hard to imagine that even fear of prosecution would deter them. To argue that any of the above are the real purposes of the section merely, is believe, to cloud the issue. Clearly, the original purpose was to codify, what the legislators held to be the prevailing religious and moral belief. As a result, this original purpose remains enshrined in section 251, although it is questionable I whether it now actually represents the general views of society. It is not the case that all Canadians believe abortion to be wrong. A great many believe that there is no moral or any other wrong in abortion per se. In fact, there are many who find it morally wrong to restrict abortions, because of the horrifying results. How can these people, if apprehended for their involvement in proscribed abortions, justifiably be found guilty of a breach of the law? They would have no wrongful or criminal intent - a requirement for conviction under the principles of the criminal law. And yet, so long as In February of 1973 Leggatt, an N.D.P. memb iament from British Colu posed to remove section 2 from the Criminal Code. T the House suggests appro motion, but a word of c needed: this was only a fir and so the vote may well agreement that the matter ed. We are likely to wait time for the second, a reading of this bill. De proposed change to the ab is never brief, and so we sh await a time when Parli prepared to allow all othe It would seem that the difficulty to be set aside. What the will be is an open questio fully, there will be discuss purpose of criminal law i and of this section in parti in obtaining evidence of illegal abortions, and thus the problem in enforcing the law, centres around the fact that most participants in the act the decision will finally be refuse to divulge the identity of those injuring them, or the precise cause of their injuries. - well as witnesses, possible complainants and prosecutors - do as not feel guilty about it, do not feel that what they are doing is wrong. Perhaps this suggests that the law is not fulfilling its intended functions. When established, one of the pur- poses of the law was to protect society against the dangers of unscrupulous, untrained abortionists. However, as already pointed out, it section 251 is contained in the Criminal Code, it is in fact considered a criminal offense. on the effects that the rest abortion are having. It is in parliament, I be not by lawyers and judges u arguments but by politicia in response to public pr what they deem to be pu sure, as well as to their o dual and party stands. Th basically a matter of va opinions, and for the law good, responsible law, it m into account the honestly ion of the citizens it is int has had little success. In addition, protect. serve this purpose. --Val Packota (member-Nation Coalition for Abortion Law Rep there are other laws prohibiting the practice of medicine without a licence which would logically already Another function of the law is to protect members of society against a dangerous operation. However, as an abortion is a relatively easy surgical proceedure, one wonders about the emphasis given to this particular operation. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ir ibortion LiCij INTEhrhETED: in Northern Ontario (Fart f) ieieORTION - the following is a summary of the research and articles done by Nan HajnovIch and ;inita Dahlin, Staff eriters for the Sault Daily Star. Their articles appeared on January 2, 1973 - January 27, 1973 inclusive. Ti is as difficult to get a therapeutic abortion in Northern Ontario as it is uebec, a survey of hospitals, whose record of 7.6 abortions for every 100 live births come closest to the overall Ontario figure of 17, 'Northern Ontario abortion committees ere as strict as old-fashioned school merms.' The north part of the province is only one example of the uneven application of Section 23( of the eriminal Code since the federal tnendment in 1969. ?en of M. hospitals in Northern Ontario have therapeut:c abortion eemeitteee, rareziru from ,:ochr,nele Lady 'elinto hospital with seventy beds to Sudeury il,emorial with 242 teds. hospitals with such committee also include Kirkland Lake, Dryden, Kapuskasing and Kenora. Although there is only one hospital in Elliot Lake, Fort Frances, Hearst, and Timmins, all of which have more beds than Cochrane, none had an abortion committee. Sioux The Lool<out has two hospitals. larFer one, with 70 beds, is an Indian hospital run by the department of national health and welfare. It has no abortion committee. In the 438 miles between Sault Ste. Marie and Thunder Pay, there are five smaller hospitals, none of which have abortion committees. Toronto General hospital did one ninth of the therapeutic abortions performed in Ontario in 1971 (1,816) and west Toronto East General's 1,004 did one sixth of all legal abortions in the province. Iondon's Victoria Hospital did 1,380 and the Hamilton hospitals another 1 605 so that three cities carried nearly one half the load for the province. (to be CONTINUED - PAFT Ii : * hole of the Newspapers he: Abortion Issue) The The Therapeutic abortions done at six hospitals, Thunder bay Xchellar an .ort -.rtleer ilenerel Hospital, L;e1Alt Mere Plemmer Nemoriel, Cudbur emorial, North Pay Civi and Cochrane Lady Nieto totalled 776 in 1971. ,empared with the number of live births, the figure for this part of e province worl,s out to 1.R. FeportinR; hospitals comprise 75 of the hospital beds in those institutions with abortion committees. If those unreported did a comparable number of abortions the figure for the north might reasonably be placed at 2.4, or one sixth of the Ontario average. 1975: International Women's Year PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �t,rt_er comple..8 oi the legs, glide hands over buttocks to central_ back. 2. Slide hands all the way back to feet and repeat #1 (all the way up legs) with some pressure. 3. Massage buttocks, knead the flesh. as if At first work on both kneading bread. buttocks, then concentrate on one, then the other. (For this you can remain on one side of recipient. No need to change sides). Rhythmic strokes. Make small, 1/2" circles all over each buttock using the middle three fingers of your hand pressed tightly into a triangle with the middle finger on top. 6. Use thumbs to press in (toward spine) and down (into back). Hold each press about 5 seconds. This is done at base of spine on points indicated. 7. Using thumbs make small circles into spine and up. Continue up to top of spine. Circles link together. At shoulders do some kneading out to upper edge of blade. 8. Slide hands back to buttocks. Locate muscle columns up of back (about half way between spine and side) and make 2-3 long, hard presses all the way up these to shoulders, kneading again. at Make larger circles all over buttocks using heel of hand. 4. 5. Spread fingers of hand wide apart. Place hand firmly against lower slope of one Now shake the buttock quickly buttock. first forward and back (30-40 shakes) then side to side. Repeat with other buttock. According to the Tantric teachings, our psychological condition is more dependent on the state of the spine than any other part of the body. You will surely agree to this when you experience the deep sense of relief and release when your back is thoroughly massaged. Spend your time well on giving a back massage. top. 9. 10. Bend elbow. Place hand on small of back. (Hold hand in place with your foot.) Use your fingers of one hand as in #3 and thumb of other hand to knead muscles under shoulder blade. Repeat for other shoulder. 11. Hold one of his arms in both your hands. Lift and push elbow in circnla motion watching shoulder muscle. When you see it rippling you know you have the right movement. Repeat for other shoulder (about 10 times). 12. Slide back to top of buttocks. Ask friend to take in a deep breath and hold. it. After 4-5 seconds have him breathe out and MOVE WITH HIS BREATH pushing all the way up back, arriving at shoulders as his breath finishes. REPEAT TWICE. (MUCH pressure). Straddle your friend's thights. Give several strokes all the way up to the shoulders with some pressure. (Gets the circulation going) ALSO USE THIS STROKE BETWEEN OTHER STROKES. GIVES YOU A SHORT REST - TIME TO THINK WHAT COMES NEXT - AND DOESN'T BREAK CONTINUITY. FEELS BEAUTIFUL. 1W5: Make circles into spine again using whole hand. Link circles as in #7. International Women's Year PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �J. 14. 15. Kneu Shouldel- Stand, straddling recipient. Hold Lift and drop his shoulders firmly. them in rapid succession 40-100 times. 77-1/WA-.5 log Care-RI/1/6 THE CEREMONY MCHOLe YOU ge-LPA.-0 i-je- a:7- of r1 REAL ;TAM Experiment with strokes you think Do not hesitate between. would be good. Glide from one to the next. Try, lifting, rocking side-to-side presses, tapping, See if you can locate other drumming. tension-relieving pressure points like those in 116. 'h. Draw lines along all limbs and up spine Called "connecting". meeting at neck. Scratch, tickle or slap his back as he wishes to stimulate skin. STICK AROUND FOR A SECaNi2 ioN/4-E PROOF REAO YOUR Mgr/Cr-6; 0-A- 2 YOU'a OK. thte 17: E1/6N 71/006H .rivi JUST R WON/1W X ivizvre fr Altpl THE I SAWSENSIT/WrY ONE FiA/P5 /N YOUR OWN PROSE:/ ktfrw Wet,- sew ft lriNa ;049,1y PR AMP 5PCC/A4 egasz9rAn(7-",./A-A- rny,...cyz ,PREstp&y, ate.< -WE- 02E56:N729r/0N OF 7-1,6- /1/4.=11/ LNWERSrry /9ar 6A/ -e_eX?Y''' 'frfe k -/,V6 7716 P4W7 lidirN5R Cr si1ilviviN6 IN 1115 PROVA:A7271/6'- 470/4/W .54l/r ,45 GL.R5H&O 'MR.-T:4)/40k; THE miso/y/v, 51111-1." ior NEAR-0Y goicri,e/2.s " &ES CAIARte--5 TAY1 -0/e, ,ON47 Sreze- <7 3--v64-rE, /' :RV 30- 3a -,30, 7-URNep MARE" ;7-H,9A; 0,v6- HE/112 Airry H/9 51.156:1Z, 5X7N.-776H7- Socit-9. Chivelc; A sprjA,_ A.5.549.rAN7; /9 A 1=0Q.AfeR 8RtiMcv7-4:' yoaze- TQY /N6 TO MAKE- A peyAir Alet---AP / you? Man is defined as a human being and woman is defined as female. Whenever she tries to behave as a human beinr, she is accused of trying to emulate the male. Simone de 5eauvoir The Second Sex 1975: PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor International Women's Year �THE LAST (?) /5 TA There are people in Thunder Bay and in We can talk about many controversial subjects today -- religion, sex, politics, rape,other abor-Canadian and American cities who are to face death in a realistic tion, homosexuality -- some of which couldready be and practical way; many of them are labelled as 'taboo.' A real 'biggy taboo' we members of a memorial society - a tend to still avoid discussing is a dirty old voluntary group of people who have 5-letter word: d e a t h. joined together to obtain dignity, simplicity and economy in funeral Let's take that dirty old 5-letter word out through advance planning. of the closet and deal with it for whatarrangements it They not only encourage people to plan really is -- a part of 1 wing. simple arrangements but also encourage them to direct funds to worthy, lifeMany people say it's 'depressing,' say it's giving They even encourage the sad, but not depressing -- sad that a loved causes. bequeathal of eye corneas so that the one is no longer among us; sad that someone blind may see, as well as lifesaving in the prime of life has died of an incurable organs You don't have disease, or has been killed in an accident. such as kidneys. to be associated with a memorial society There is, however, an off-shoot of death that in order to be realistic and practical can be depressing and that is when a bereaved, about death, but it helps. (If you are shock-stricken family spends money it doesn't interested in obtaining memorial society have on an expensive funeral in order to literature, either write to Box 501, r influence rich relatives (who seldom Stn, F, Thunder Bay, or 'phone 683-3051). help out with the payments), or the s, the boss, or whoever and, conseErnest Morgan, author of "A Manual of goes into debt for months or even Death Education & Simple Burial" (Celo It's also depressing that when there available to pay for an elaborate Press), writes: "About accepting death -we commonly act as if we, and those we which means an expensive funeral) love, were going to live forever. money couldn't have been spent, But we are wrong, for all must die--nor can on medical research, or an we know when this will happen........... nal fund, or world relief -- if The subject of death has long been taboo money to be spent, spend it on a in our culture. This is unfortunate, ause. for death is a normal and necessary part of life. t wonder "Why are you including this Until we learn to face it honestly and accept it, we are not in The Northern Woman?" -- statistics living at our best" and that there is a higher and earlier we are to live with patience and gentleness and. te among men which means that wives love, let us be about it today, for life tlive their husbands and are, thereis short." ced with difficult decisions of great at a time when mental and physical Amen. re at a low ebb. Women should be Lucy Tett ways to avoid spending life-time or going into debt, prior to being th having to make what may well be expensive purchase in a life-time: a funeral, 'When you come to love tion to feelings of grief and shock ime of a death, there is also usually someone g of guilt. Those three powerfullyJ Does it mean you love feelings can persuade the most levelerson to weaken, to even tell the director "I just can't cope with all those less whom you ils - you go ahead and do whatever you best..." then, when the statement already love in the mail a week or two later, she y realizes that the funeral she hazily Or do you come to love ed cost much more than she thought it d will put her in debt. more & more & more (?) i 0 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Electro- shock is a type of convulsive therapy - used in our mental hospitals today. 'Convulsive therapy merely means giving a person an artificial convulsion. Electro -convulsive shock means exectl y a convuisio,I wfiat it sounds like brought about by passing an electric tirough a persoo, Shock was discivered as marry other hlleranies' were discovered; as a treatment of the symptom and not entire problem. The groundwork for electro convulsive Si locls was laid by a Budapest psychiatrist in 1935 by the name of Von Medusa. His research on 'schizophrenic' people (people who are out of touch with reality and a label which many psychiatrists apply at random) brought him to the following conclusion: Convulsions temporarily eliminate 'socially unacceptable behaviour'. He chose the drug 'metrazol' as a means of inducing a convulsion. The convulsions were so extreme that the result was the death (murder) of Very little is known about the other methods. Further, shock is long term effects of shock treatment, used as a form of punishment. If the yet the medical profession continues patient does not behave in a manner to experiment with innocent people. that is satisfactory to the staff, One study on the effects of eictrohe/she is threatened with more treatconvulsiveshock reports: ment --shock. Finally, after a series result of shod, one a 1. As of shock, the follow-up care is often experience confusion and memory minimal or non-existant. gaps .(loss of short term memory). Shock is given to an individual at 2. There is a decrease in one's the discretion of the doctor not at learning ability after repeated shock. the discretion of the person who is 3. There is a gradual lowering about of to receive it, especially if that one's level of recovery as the number person has been involuntarily comof shocks increases, i.e. ine memory mitted. There are two types of takes longer to recur. people in the Thunder Bay Psychia The lain. is Olaf eiectro convulsive tric wards voluntary 'incompeshock is nod because it works it temporally eliminates the 'had' behavior (symptmn) and, vvnen the 'bad' behavior returns....you are shocked again. The cause of the 'bad' behavior is most often ignored. It is ignored because a basic principle which underlies rnost 'tilerapY is many people. The term 'murder' is that of dealing with the individual tents' here because the individuals who died as a result, where unknowing and helpless victims of 'scientific are used and the individual's problems as they tents'. mani rested in a VOid, ign oring or denying social/co involuntary 'incompeAlmost half (48%) of all and mental patients admitted to Onta- rio's 17 mental hospitals were forciband economic injustices wi ach ;exist ly committed. The difference in the for the majority of the population. status of such individuals is the A few years later, in 1938, two Canadian psychiatric wards:. are voluntary commits her/himself while Italian psychiatrists took up the filled with poor prmitple, usually the involuntary is committed by cause. They developed a method of working people and women. Stich family or other institutions. The creating convulsions through the use individuals have been labelled 'moon voluntary 'incompetents' still have of electro-shock. The complication tally ill' by the medical and legal this time was, again, extreme convulthe right to decide what happens to the psyc'liaexperts on madness sions resulting in severe physical them, the involuntary have NO trists and judges. The experts Have ini,tries and in some cases, death. RIGHTS. In Ontario it only takes spent many years compiling a listthe of signature of one doctor to have A paralytic drug called 'curare' labels describing different 'types'you of committed. When a person retie was than intnduced by A.E.. Bennett mental illness. The most common are as a means of preventing physical ses to accept the decisions of the 'schizophrenic', 'psychotic', 'alcs.y injuries by paralyzing the patients doctors and staff as is her/his right, it holicipsychopath' and 'neurotic'. muscles. Curare further paralyzed is interpreted as a further sign Once the incividual has been catagothe lungs and heart and, as a result, his/her 'illness'. Thus even the people rized she/he is locked up, 'treated' many people died. Later less traumawho voluntarily commit themselves and then processed. The treatment in fact have no rights. One Canadian t:: muscle relaxants were introduced too often is electro-convulsive shock. and, once the bumps were smoothed CommuniLv Health worker states: out, electro - convulsive shock be- There are therapists who strongly agree that electro-convulsive shock came very popular. The reason for research'. should be banned entirely as they it'swick, popularity was economy. It was efficient and less staff were view its use as inhumane arid violent. ,eouired. Further, it was much easier The more conservative therapists for the staff to 'control' quiet and agree in theory that shock should be obedient 'patients'. used only in extreme cases where Presently, shock is a popular form every other method of treatment has of 'treatment' in Thunder Bay Psychiatric wards. As Thunder Baybeen is tried and failed. However, in actual practice, shock is often used the regional hospital, all of North form of 'treatment' as the only western Ontario's electro convulsive without having attempted to explore shocks are administered here. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �shocK- -At you're acting or feeling too Very modern and follows the current school psychological thought, that of modification. Behavior behavior mod. (as it is called), appears to be a very simple philosophy.: It says to depressed for your professional helpers they can shock We ink Out of you with electric shock. For the next few weeks or month alter tins shock treat mem, you'll be confused, 'iris oriented' (sometimes not knowing where you are or what time it is) and forget a lot of things. reward good behavior and punish make gigantic decisions, like, what mal breathing and color are re established (an ashen gray color indicates serious complications and should be reported mmedi- the trick, they'll give you maybe 15, 20 or more shocks until you cheer up and snap out of what the staff imagine is bugging you and them about it is atel y.) Some people may become excited andior combative if the nurse 2. tries to control them...therefore assistance or restraints may be you. But don't worry; your memory will come back in necessary about a month after they stop shocking you. Also a few blood vessels in your brain may have hemorrhaged or ruptured after 50-100 of these 'treatments', but you probably won't know it (until it's too late). some Since most people are confused and disoriented after shock... keep them in bed 3. 4. 2. jects are removed and long hair is braided 3. Dentures are removed 4. Tight clothing is removed 5. Person receiving shock is toileted and temperature, pulse and respiration are supposed to be checked 6. 7. Psnigs such as 'atropine' or 'dramarnine' are given in order to prevent nausea and excessive salivation Shock is usually given in a separate room so that other patients are not able to observe - especially those who are next in the line up B. shock, if so, more drugs An individtra may be frightened at the loss of her/his mernbry but the staff stands ready to assure the person that it is only temporary. (from a psychiatric nursing text, 1971 ) call it Why is electro-convulsive shock used? There are many ways of looking at this final question. As has been pointed out, economically electro convulsive shock is very useful. The majority of Canadian psychiatric hospitals are understaffed. Why? In Toronto in 1971; only 4% of the total Public Health Department budget was allocated to the mental Health Division. Since there are too few to handle the large number of patients, other methods of 'control' with quickly with the use of shock, and as a result, hospital beds are swallow her/his 10. The person assisting in the administration nI Ike shock holds the mouth gag and then puts pressure on the patient's chin so that fracture or dislocation of t le raw will be averted. behavior of mine, say drinking alcohol, is bad then he will try to punish like I am unable to find a decent job, not bite tongue. or lar behavior. For example, if a behavioral psychologist decides that a particualr are necessary. I be drinking for significant reasons, give them some A mouth gag is inserted in the mouth so that the person does the desired position. 'good' and what is 'bad', and maybe worst of all, what, is 'behavior'? The aspect of most concern is that people cannot be separated from the world they live in, much less their particu- ence nausea, dizziness, blurring of vision and headache following that the extreme use of drugs and shock have thus far provided a solution. Less staff are required to handle drugged or shocked patients, and in addition, less time is required in working with patients. Finally, symptoms are dealt A special jelly called 'electrode jelly' is applied to the temples and then the person is placed in is An individual may also experi- S. Food intake is either restricted or limited prior to shock Hairpins and/or other metal ob- behavior. mod. runs amuk because it must my excessive drinking and reward me when I am not drinking. This of may course, is dangerous because Procedures In Administering Shock 1. behavior bad following takes place: Respiration is checked until nor1. If one or two shocks don't do ever However, After the shock is administered the It seems them like my family is forced to live in a slum and my children are constantly hungry and in need of decent clothing etc. If the psychologist does not look beyond the symptom (drinking) he will identify me as ill and will try to eliminate my behavior, most often ignoring the reasons for it. Electra-convulsive shack is just one way of destroying people in our society. There are many -others, yet we claim that people are important. Psychiatric 'hospitals', 'prisons', 'old folks homes', these are the reflecting mirrors of our culture. These are the mirrors we see ourselves TN in. MOHN1NG .RAYIA THE SENIS C $H MALI/ GIVES TILE POLLO*ING THANKS; ELE LORD OUR GOD, ART THOU , KING OF THE UM TESE, 1 WA::j NOT hOHN A WOMAN. emptied quickly. However, this solu- tion must be questioned since, ac- cording to one article on Ontario psychiatric hospitals, 'In 1971, 67% was the rate of re-admission in the Toronto Queen St. hospital.' PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �rkrorNyl RrAart... 011BWAY 'NATO KENORA AREA iiii"ANOSIMMISMallitigevow,,,Tosvatteletut80,2467141Ma1/464,fiv 4aVotitamt..wmees..4onpAr.foxi....,sosisralt- THE OJIBWA': YIARRIDK) SOdETY STATEMENT The following is ihe Oiihway rior Socieiv giving 41 brit f (iniline of the hisior\ ;1 nature and role of ihe \y;irrior in outline of the pt'('( ili siruggle warrior society in Kenora. lin 4. }lib..., oTtry,wAy \.\.,\131.(totz I, Since the origin (Air cominualties, all Nations have had a Warrior Society, 2, The Warrior Society irises 10 protect ;Ind serve calf. communities in times of war and opiiVesSiOn, W'avviors come ()anti alliong-- the hunters, trapp'l.irs, workers, women and Men, young and olil, The Warriors fought the invaders, the Evil-Ash troops and the French troops and the Spanish troops throughout North America. The warriors have also fought the American and Cana lian armies. The Warriors have fought against all attempts by foreign pov.,,ers to destroy Our corm-nu n:tics and way Of governing ourselves. The Warriors have also fought in the Second World War in the Canadian Army against the Nazis in Europe. The Warriors have fought in Wounded Knee (1973) and in kenora and Cache Creek: (l971), 'cite Warrior Societies of ;ill tribes and Nations have loo ht on all fronts for the liberation of mankind vat for the basic right of every human being and every family and every nation against aggression. :U RI exploitation. The Warrior Societies of all Nations and all Tribes honour our Governing bodies 11111 Councils as well as the policies of the people. 1. II' there is no war, our communities respond to the specific conditions and to the needs of the people. The Warrior Society participates inbuilding the new society and works hard to build our Nations and our communities. 5. The 'Warrior Society is a tradition of all Nittioas, like that of the 11.1edicine Soc!iely, 1975: 1975: Interne Interna The Warrior Society learns from the Theory PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using aof watermarked copyLaw of CVISION PDFCompressor and Lessons the Land andevaluation from the Great that everyone must be free and follow the revolu- �19 LETTER TO THE EDITORS . When the Northern Woman began, it dealt with basic emotion. Many of us began to discover, for the first time in our lives, that the frustrated feelings we had were not signs of insanity, but rather of having to deny ourselves the rights: to be us, to admit we had an ego, to try to be whatever we thought we had the ability and stamina to be, and to be accepted for our intelligence as well as our bodies. The knowled-,e, understanding and acceptance that we really could be and do whatever we wanted was explosive. Sparks of new- found friendship and tremendous emotional support of one another flew in all directions, and ignited that almost-smothered desire for life in its fullest sense. That emotional support and accept- ance that I found at first over- wheimed me, then fractured the direction my life had been going in. At last I was free to take control of my own life and to set my own priorities. The North- ern Women's Conference in April, 1973 did that for many women, and out of that conference grew the Northern Women and The Northern Women's Centre, both of which supported and communicated with women as people. For many of us it's been almost a year and a half since The rIreat Awakening has taken place. During that time, many women have found the direction they want their lives to go, and have made a lot of progress. Their consciousnesses have been raised, and they have graduated from lying on their backs to the walking and running stage of development. They're now taking on the broader social issues (rape, abortion, conditions in other lands, etc.) wnicn must be dealt with. But what about the women who are not yet aware of why they are in the situations they're in? The Northern Woman is be7inning to reach above the heads of women who are not yet out of the babyhood stages of development. Co t PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I'm not advocation a regression of the part of the Northern Woman, or even a slower rate of growth. caution. I do, nowever, suggest I don't want The Northern Woman to become so intellect- ualized that only the aware woman can relate to it. We must not for- get that we have many sisters who are still floundering in situations they don't quite understand. Women are still ;roping for someone, somewhere, who can look her in the eye and say honestly, without reI care. broach or impatience, "I understand. I'll Help." I'd like to suggest that at least one page per issue of The Northern Woman be used as an "open" consciousness-raising forum. There are many women who are still too insecure (or have other reasons) to participate in a "closed" C-R session. I would not object to a writer remaining anonymous if she so desired. be identified at first. It is terrifying to speak and As she shares her experiences and feeling, sne'll become more sure of herself and wouldn't remain anonymous forever {haven't we been anonymous long enough?). Also, suggestions on how to act and react to male-chauvinist acts and statements would be helpful. Example: Are YOU a Women's Libber? When I'm up. against a question like that, I usually ask the speaker to explain the term, and then I base my reply on nis/her definition. Sincerely, EDITORS REPLY; Your letter clearly expresses a concern many of us have been discussing lately. Are we relating to women who still cling to the obsolete social stereotype of helpless protected female. What can we do about it? Everyone agrees we need another conference, however as this is not possible, this year at least, we will start with your good suggestion of an "open" consciousness-raising page. We do have a problem though. We are getting very little feedback, in writing, about the contents of the newsletter, so have nothing much with which to gauge whether we are in fact tdo"intellectual" for some readers. Are they even reading it? We really are in the toddler stage of development comparelto some of the analytical writings of other women's papers. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �s Re-p Aft-, We do feel the newsletter is bringing issues to light in hopes of making more women aware of some of the problems women are having, because of their sex. You are correct we cannot slow our rate of growth. We "can't slow the train" but we can reach out more effectively so that women can catch hold and ''et on board if they wish to. We hope, Deanna, you will share with us more specifically how you dealt with the obstacles and put-downs you encountered in order to "take control of your own life". --barb and Bonnie are anxious to get, the children's room in operation. All manner of equipment and supplies are desperately needed (a list is posted in the centre) if you have anything to donate please bring it to the centre or phone 6?07 for pickup., --Sita is moving to Macdiarmid (near Nipigon ). this month. She has a new job there and a beautiful hose to live in. She also has a. three month. old infant to be taken ease of. 3he weAd like to find someone who would he vii i ra to move with her in the role of helper -- to 100x after the infant and become part of the family. If you :know of anyone who might be interested in assuming this position or are interested. yourself, write to her at this address; 3ita 'ieierthal. Macdiarmid, Ont. or pho-e at --The funding we received for this newsWe would letter is nearly all gone. I ike to sontinue (publishing?) with money received from subnriptonti. 10any of you have been receiving. t'or: newsletter free We thin4 we are worthy of a of charge, Hope ,you do $2.00 yearly subscription. too, MTIi:;;CRTBE COIl. Sha.r :our news- letter with your frionds. too would liKe fo Perhaps they 345-57(,7. --if you would like to work part-time THIINIA-CHOLT and are a school psycholint or he- To Inc 'STEki':0 SHACK, Victoria Ave. who haviour consultant cohtlet raren i?hodes 622-7541. have refused to remove an obnoxious advertisement from their window... depicting a woman's breasts an stereo spea4ers. Breasts have one main functon and being wired for sound is not one! "1 --Next month 's issue will he dedicated. to WORi<ING WOMN=N and any articles, letters or personal experiences would be apprecPlease submit any material to iated. Box 314 Thunder Bay "P" by !'Th;v. 1st, or drop off at the centre. -- Watch for the "Northern women 's Centre" grand opening, near th(tend of October. To Helen Halet who was recently hired as Women's Director for the '2hunder Bay YVYWCA. Helen is also a very hard worKer for The Northern Women's Centre. irternational :kpmen'3 Year 1975: PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �A MOUSE IN WOMEN'S CENTRE ! Yes, it's true (a female one, of course). ! ! I don't know how many are in the nest but I'm aware of one so far and so shall tell you about her only. She sat there, looking around at the women arranged in a circle. Sometimes she'd busy herself rustling papers, or scurrying out to the kitchen area, then back to the circle -- watching, listening, feeling uncomfortable about what she was seeing and hearing but too timid to do anything about it. That mouse is ME -- and I have a very icky feeling about myself for not voicing my thoughts and feelings at last night's Women's Centre Meeting at which Ruth Cunningham, Director of Women's Programs, Confederation College, was unfairly (in my mousey opinion anyway) criticized for tile way in which the recent' 'Family Property Law' seminar was run. The criticism came from one who, to the best of my knowledge, hasn't attended one of our Centre's meetings before. Some of her criticisms were that the resource persons designated as group leaders were not adequately knowledgeable of our laws; that secretarial students from tie College's Legal Secretary Division were more or less coerced into taking notes (one student per group) and, also, were allegedly told by some unknown person "It would be nice if you would wear a dress." I I appreciated having a non law-affiliated person as the resource leader in the group was An -- though she couldn't answer all the questions put to her (many of which were off the subject we were supposed to be dealing witn), she had done extensive reading and preparation which was more than the rest of us had done although we, too, were aware of the seminar months in advance. If a lawyer, for instance, had been our resource leader, most of Us in.the group would have felt inadequate and unwilling to participate. to me the main overall concensus of the plenary session: I suspect It emphasized that more education is vitally needed in tne areas of matrimonial, family and property law, commencing in the elementary grades. Regarding the note-taking roles of the College's secretarial students: these students were not totally obliged to be note-takers secretarial course in the first place). (nor, I am sure, were they obliged to enrol' in the Perhaps they saw this as an opportunity to practice their chosen field of work and, at the same time, as an opportunity to learn about family and property law. I think it was a beneficial and sensible arrangement for all concerned - the PDF compression, OCR, web optimization and using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor students, the enlisted participants, the College. Coirtf. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 1 No 13 Description An account of the resource The Northern Woman (Health issue) Topics include: Editorial policy Patient rights Birth control methods (benefits & disadvantages) The pill Spermicides Condoms Diaphragm Vasectomy Intrauterine Devices (IUD) Voluntary sterilization Male birth control breakthroughs Intrapenal device Penis coil Family planning Abortion law Equal access to healthcare Comics Death & family law Electroshock conversion therapy Ojibway Warrior Society Kenora Letter to the editor Local announcements & events Authors/Contributors: Val Packota Jane Field Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-09 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English