1168 10 13654 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/996b279a59f2fa90c679690fe7a52ce8.jpg d1c2ecc1b9272311a8a3e95df49382b8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D680Hi820 Title A name given to the resource The lumberstrikers in front of the Big Finn Hall Subject The topic of the resource Organizations Labour and Labour Unions Description An account of the resource Organizations: The lumberstrikers in front of the Big Finn Hall, 1935. Donor: Marlene Markman (Poutanen). Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Thunder Bay Canada - Ontario - Port Arthur https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/8/2488/The_Medium_Feb_10_1966.pdf 2cf220b45860ace4b260f13a8c36d197 PDF Text Text / February 10 , 1966. A.M.S. COUNCIL REPORT, FEBRUARY 7. A. letter was read to council from Mr. Morgan which stated that he disapproved of the A..M.S. report of the February 1st meeting, in the Medium, concerning Food Management . He felt that this should not have been printed in the newspaper, and that either the newspaper or the A.M.S. should send a note of apology to Mr. Childerhose. He also mentioned that the first reading, for him and Mr. Childerhose, was in the Medium. As the author of this previously mentio·ned r eport, I say it is my duty to report any proceedings of the Council to the student body. If this matter was not fully prepared, it should not have been presented to council, and the principals involved should have waited until the correct authorities were notified, There was ample time to ask that this matter be withdrawn from the Newspaper report prior to printing , if this request was warranted by the editors . After the reading of the letter, President Hess th,cn introduced Mr. Childerhose, representative of Food Management Services ~ To pre- vent misunderstandings, a motion was carried that the newspaper not be allowed to report on the matter at hand. I sugge st that the members of the A.M.S., who voted on this motion, read Section II, Article XI of the Constitution, under the title - Meetings; in which, it states that any member of the A,M.s., (which includes any full-time student) shall be en·titled, subject to the seating capacity of the room in which the meetings of the A.M.S. council are held, to attend meetings of the A.M.S. council meeting, the Medium has a duty to inform any absent members of the A.M.S, of the proceedings. As there were a few nonparticipant A.M.S, members there, all others have a right to hear the busines·s at hand . Considering the council knowledgeable of its own constitution, especialiy the President, this reporter discontinued his notes and relaxed to listen to the arguments presented. by W.M. (Jack) Lemmon. In the February 3, 1966 issue of "the Medium 11 that was very bitter and equally unjustified. The around the failure of the i . M. S. to allot funds to This club wished to send delegates to a convention there was an article article centred a political club . in Toronto. It only stands to reason that the governing student body of a University cannot be expected to give funds to a political club for that political club to furthe r its own political objec tives . If the Lakehead University Alma Mater Society had given money to the political club as requested, it would then be sponsoring directly candidates for a Senior Political Party - when not all of Lakehead University's seven-hundred and twenty students agree with the philosophy of that particular political party. It has been said that if the .A..M.S. had allowed the political club to send delegates to the conference in Toronto, the delegates wnuld return to the Lakehead much informed and better able to tell the students of the policies of the Senior Political Party. This is clearly a furthering of the political ambitions of one political party at the expense of all the students at Lakehead University . Another point of discussion was the reason why the A.M.s. Council had allowed political clubs on campus if the A.M.s . would not allot money for the political clubs to send delegates to nation-wide political conventions. As these political clubs were allowed to exist, the Council obviously recognized the necessity of having a knowl edge of the �2 political situation in the world today o However, it is not in the best interests of the whole student body to send delegates to conventions in order to better propagate ·the political philosophy of only one party~ At this time, it is neither financially nor physically possible to sponsor delegates to all party c onve ntions. Who draws the line? And where? The A.M.S. has drawn the line in the best interests of the student body as a whole, not just a few! Jack Edwards, (A.M.S. Science Representative.) CHIP ON HY SHOULDER. The aim of any newspaper is awareness. It is in an attempt to make the student body of Lakehead U. aware of elections that this issue has set up. February 16th is the date that students will cast . their ballots for the l.M.S. Executive of 1966-67. It is of vital importance to every student 1. that he cast his ballot, exercising hi~ franchise 2. that he exercise that franchise as an enlightened votero Each candidate· has a platform of proposals for the next year o It is • your duty to be aware of just what a particular candidate stands for and to know ~ho the candidates are. To help in this department the Medium has compiled the following list of candidates as of 4 p .. mo lfebruary 9th, the close of nominationso W. Tocheri - President Mike Wainwright - President Ian Thompson - Vice•-Prosident Ron Hider •·· Treasurer Donna Brownlee .. Secretary If you do not know the identity of the candidates your vote is not only a wasted effort it could seriously damage the governing mechanism of next year 1 s A.M.S. Council, You are encouraged to read the platfo.rms of tpe candidates for the Presidency; I fr, Tocheri and Mr. 1.ifainwright. You are also asked to watch for election conferences that may be held next week before the election day, The Medium is doing its best set up a press conference open to the student body where students will be able to get acquainted with candidates and freely question them on University and election issues~ Signs will be posted telling students the locat~on of the polls on election day. 1 to To th,is editor two issues particularly stand out. The first is that of Universal Accessability -· government paid academic and residence fees for University students. This affects you and I and it is an issue that, our governments are soon going to have to deal with. What will the view of our A.M.S. Council be? ~ould we settle for a more immediate solution to such rising costs by cutting fees only, or removing academic fee~ completely and leaving residence fees or vice versa? Residence fees for a single room vJill rise in the fall of 1966 to.. 1725. A. double room will cost d~6506 What will the effect of this be on present residence students? This is a question not only a:, Lake head but at every Canadian University. Your council is guided to a large extent by the stand of the executive. Where will they stand on such an issue? You and I cannot afford to cast an ignorant vote when the stakes are so higho Academic fees will rise also next fall. Secondly this University is an expanding University. What is the relationship between students, faculty, and administration? Should students have representation on the Senate or on a 11 Universi ty Council, 11 a sounding bpard for problems and expansion of facilities in both ~aculty and coursGs to be offered? At prGsent these issues involve a twostep process of student to faculty or student to administration and on up. What about the Board of Governors 9 Here the possibilities of a 11 University Cound_l 11 apnear r,,a,,,tic"l"l"'~-v d ,,,c, ·:_roL:_~:rt would !Jl'0~66e ·n �3 opportunity for fences down discussion by all concerned with the ·Lakehead University situation on an equal basis. There are many issues and many questions. But the most important fact of all is this. The freshman vote equates 1:1.with tha.t of upperclassmen. This means that the freshmen vote decides the issue and he has to live with the results next year in campus student administration. You can 1 t afford to vote without being certain of who is involved and exactly what he or she stands for. Vote as you please but voteFebruary 16, 1966. · FRIDAY PRESS CONFERENCE. An open press conference will be held Friday, February 11th at 1:00 in the cafeteria. At this time a battery of reporters from the Medium will direct questions to the candidates for position of President. Students are asked to attend the conference but public questions will be restricted to·a Town Hall Heeting next Monday afternoon. MIKE WA.INWRIGHT - ARTS II PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE. Election Platform 1. Better liaison between the students and their Council. bulletins issued after each Council meeting student handbook - to be out in October . - weekly copies of the Mediwn - with enough copies to keep all the students informed 2. Cheaper dances which will be restricted to all 1 bubble-gwnmers.: 3. Lake head University to join the Canadian Union of Students in Aug..:. ust, 1966. - institution of a Student Discount Service at local retail merchants - closer communication with other Universities 4. Public to the Social Winter 5. Committee system for the A..M.s. Council to facilitate quick action, and to keep more students better informed. 6. Welcome Week for all first year students in all faculties. 1 teeney-bo~pJrs 1 and Relations Man - to advertise events at Lakehead.University local public through the papers and radio. Convenor,to arrange all Council functions such as dances, Carnival, Centennial projects, etc. W.M~- TOCHERI - PRESIDENTIA.L PLATFORM. I would like to present the following points for your consideration in making your Presidential choice, Wednesday, February 16th. In presenting myself as a candidate, I feel that my experience as an executive member . in your student government over the past two years has given me a keen •insight into the problems and interests of Lakehead University students. The A..M. S. council has a wonderful opportunity to inaugurate new and. progressive programming for thoir student body. The following ideas and recommendations are of major concern:- 1 The !{.M.S •. council will be handling a minimum of ~30,000 next year. Foresight and definite planning can provide many new and beneficial programmes for every student. - the ~20 caution fee (totalling a minimum of ~20,000) must be eliminated or controlled by the students themselves. - increased revenue can be obtained by proper investment and early organization of student activities. II Athletics - additional support should and will be made to athletics. My recommendations for s e tting up of a joint student - administrative athletic board to · provide better scheduling of athletic events in the ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lakehead University Alumni Collection Description An account of the resource Material kept by the Lakehead University Alumni Association, or donated by Alumni to the Association. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Medium February 10, 1966 Subject The topic of the resource Universities Description An account of the resource This issue contains the Alma Mater Society (A.M.S.) council report, and information on an upcoming election. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lakehead University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource February 10, 1966 1966 alma mater society AMS elections the medium https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/8/2489/The_Medium_Summer_1966.pdf 2ba38a560712a54b144a7a207ebc3e27 PDF Text Text ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lakehead University Alumni Collection Description An account of the resource Material kept by the Lakehead University Alumni Association, or donated by Alumni to the Association. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Medium Summer 1966 Subject The topic of the resource Universities Description An account of the resource This issue contains articles on the Student Awards Program at Lakehead, additions to campus, and an interview with the new Dean of Students, John Kerr. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lakehead University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1966 1966 alma mater society AMS John Kerr summer 1966 the medium https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/8/2490/The_Medium_Vol._2_No._2_Nov_12_1965.pdf 38d59b6827f7cdbdb41b42ccd8b214d2 PDF Text Text ������ Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lakehead University Alumni Collection Description An account of the resource Material kept by the Lakehead University Alumni Association, or donated by Alumni to the Association. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Medium Vol. 2 No. 2 Nov 12, 1965 Subject The topic of the resource Universities Description An account of the resource This issue contains articles on John Hart, Dean of Science's views on exams, club news at Lakehead, and freedom of university students. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lakehead University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-11-12 1965 John Hart the medium https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/8/2491/The_Medium_Vol._2_No._3_Dec_02_1965.pdf 83a97f470adb39a7f2948280d8721873 PDF Text Text ������ Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lakehead University Alumni Collection Description An account of the resource Material kept by the Lakehead University Alumni Association, or donated by Alumni to the Association. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Medium Vol. 2 No. 3 December 2, 1965 Subject The topic of the resource Universities Description An account of the resource This issue contains articles on a visit from the Toronto Symphony Orchestra, Canadian development, and a trip to Minneapolis by students in the Shakespearean English course. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lakehead University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-12-02 1965 the medium https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/8/2492/The_Medium_Vol._2_No._4.pdf 4e4d874df851e79be316dc0e6c212465 PDF Text Text �2 by tho Intcrnntional Gtud ont Inforontion Service (ISIS), a non-profit org1.nizn tion hon.dqu.:irtercd in Brussels, B.Jlgium. ISIS and its AmGricnn · 3ffili.:1to, th.J International Stuc10nt Travel Center (ISTC), aro org~niz~tions davotcd to providing jobs abroad to students 3ncl te a che rs who nr o s incoroly int2rustec'1. in <3Xpnnding their horizons by living anc1 working .::i.brO'.-tC1. Tho ISIS/ISTC JOBS ADI10A.D program wns established in 1961. lbny students who participRted that first year have r opcat cf th2ir educa tional oxperiance in the ensuing years. Most of th~ jobs nra for unskilled workers in construction, on farms, in factori e s, hospit 31s, hotels anct rostaurants 1 3S mothor 1 s helpers ri.nd co.mp conse llors. SA.lo.rio s rang u from ,tt;50 a r:1.onth ( incl uding roor11 and bonrd) to ~~200 ,]. month. Averago pay is ~100 a month and al though low by American wage st?inc1arc1 s, it i$ usually nor o th1.n enough to pay living cxp2nsos while in Europco Tho s~larics 3ro tho samo as those prii(1 to loccil ornrloyG-JS doing thn s:.ir:io job. Working in Europo gives a pa rticipnnt nll tho cultural benefits .:wn.ilo.blo to 3 tourist. But tho pnrticip3.nt ::1cquirc s knowledge while ho is e11rning ••••• not spending. Tho studcnt-workor has the unique advantage of getting a shRrp cl~nr picture of a country Qnu its culture for ho sc,:s it through th .:- oy,) s of its pooplo. 'I'ho tourist gon2rnlly gets A hazy nnd sornowhnt ~istortad picturoj for h0 sc9s it through the gl n ss of n bus window. ISIS/ISTC ~re tho only ones of thoir kind which 2bsolutaly,guar.:1nto•J s job nbro1d to 2nyono who is ri.cc c ptoci. ns ~ p:irticipant. M0mb0rs are also e ntitle d to many extra fra o s0rvic• s. for furthe r c1.otails on tho JOBS lUJ"O tiD progro.m sec Mr. '.~. Costanzo or wri t o to I SIS, 133 RU:S HOT"2:L DBS IiONN1\IES, B~DJ(ELL8S 6, BELGilTI~I. Annual Mooting of Lo.koho;1d Univ c rsi ty A.luranno e Tho Lakohoad Univorsity Alrn,mc1c Association held its annuc1.l mo oting on Wc0nesday, December 29 in tho fnculty lounge of the University C2ntrc. ~ crow~ l2rgcr th~n usual attended. The Past Prcsid1nt, Bill Shannon 1 outlined the highlights of 1965 ~as stressed th~t tho univorsity ~n s developing at a very rapid rate. Ho :1lso cor.rn1ontod on th0 fact thAt th,i guest spcalcer, Mr. Cost:lnzo was a f orr.icr student of Lakehea::1, Univcrsi tv when tho ins ti tut ion was known ns the Lakc hcad Collugo of ~rts~ Scion~G and Technology, and that Mr. Costn.nzo was now 9. tn8mbor of the Univ1:;rsity staff. Mr. Costanzo provicJ.cu ::i.n intcrtJstinr, conpGrison between Canad i2n In pointing out :1 nurn.bor of tho fallacies which exist in the ~inds of mnny CRnntl ians discussing Amorican institu~ tinns of advanced l onrning, 11r. Costnnzo J or.10nstrated that n number of these misconcsptions tha t tho CanndiRns have ariso fro • a bnsic lack of kn0v1lcctgo. He ~lso showod thD.t tho s om0st cr system had rnany merits, even though ::,, student had to work haruer th:rn in the ordin!lry univero.nd :u!loric2.n Universi tics. sity onvironmont. Following the speaker I s add rG ss, the annual Gl,_,ction _of officers was held, Those oloctod wo r e as follows: Prosidont, Jim Foulds; First Vice-President, ~oy Piovo s 2na; Second Vico-Prcsidont, Carol Bell; Secretnry, nobe rt horl{man; and Treus nrur, 1\nthony Cos to.nzo. Pnst Pros id ent is Bill Shannon. Mr. Foulds in his inaug ural a d~ ross strossod tho na~a for a stronger nlumnao. He e xplaino<'' tha t n r0guLi.r n.3wslctter would be sent to tho momber.s of tho orgnnizn.tion ,;1.nd new 2tt0r;1pts would be und ertakan to loc~t u forrn0r me mbers, The n~w Prusidunt stated that it w:.1s essGntinl to introCuco grad unting students to the nlumnae associr1.tion o.nd to acqua. int thos e st uc1onts '-iiith tho functions of the :issod.;;1,tion. If tho a lum.nne o.ssociG.tion could provide a nurnbor of different �3 social and culturGl activit ies for the univorsity students, Mr. Foulds stated that the now graduates could see the many.different areas in which an active alumnae association could aid a dynamic young university. fl. nwnber of significnnt projects which the alumnae could undor•t~ke were discussed by thG members present. After the mce:tinr, ond od, .::m inforrJal cocktail party was held. DR. RUTH KA.JANDER has kindly consented to act o.s a Consultant to L.1kehead University for o.11 s cud(Jr.ts w~_th psychiatric problems. Dr Ka jandcr will bG -:i.t the Uni vGrsi ty 011 the :roll owing dates from 9; 15 a.c. until 12:30 p.m.: January 2hth, February 7th, February 21st, March 7th, March 21st. o A.ny arrangm1onts reg.:i.rding appointr.1t1nts on the so dates should be r.iade through Miss Drury, Dr .. Br.:i.un I s Secretary. !'\. , 11. S • :ME:.:T ING , Jt\NU.\HY 17, 196Q. by W.H. (Jack) Lel.llllon) A. Police Forco has boon sot up which will prosecute 1 beforG an ·., M. S. Judicial Coimnit too? any infrnc t ions of P.. N. S. · rulo s c1 uring and ~fter tho Winter CarnivQl~ 9 :00 J.11 This includes breaking of property •. P .M.--Board of Govornor I s Room. A notion was carried to the effect that a car should b e onterod the \rJinter Carnival Par::,.d c to rc.lprc sent tho A. M. S. Mr. John Sihvonen, Athletic Society r e prosentativo then outlinoli u request by the Squash Club for ~350 to sand fivo delegates to Toronto~ There, they intend to pay against York University in the O.I.A.A.(Ontnrio Intermural Athletic ~sscc.) L0ague. ~she outlineo the expense account, conflicts arose as to soue of the rcco~Jendations. It was suggested that since Dr" Evarett 1--,13.s travelling -i.✓ i th them, the car expenses could bo paid for by the ~dr~inistration. ~nother point for vigorous discussion w.:i.s the r e quest of ~h8 for miscellaneous expenses or "t4 a day per persono Raised eyebrows demanded explan.:i.tion for such e. high evaluation for undisclose~ expenses~ ~200 was granted to the Squash Club for this trip by ::i. r:iotion and it was stipulated that there would be furthor discussion of travelling expenses after the Administration states its case. Tho second point put :forwnrd by tho A.thlGtic Society c ..mcerned t.~,-3 h3.lf purch.:i.sc of University Ct::.rling sweate rs for :1.n undisclosed team of students playing off for tho nogionB.l Trophy in tho nBritish Consul Playdowns." This team -was not roprescntative of the University, though thG players ·were nll studGnts. ThG A.thletic Society fol t that the publicity would help tho nano of tho Univo:rsi ty. Hr" Sihvonen (Athletics) explain0d further, saying th:it tho to~n 1.rnuld play off against 3 other L~kohend teams, and if winning this, would compete with a team from Northwestern Ontnr1O and Qucb0c0 If they v,1on this they would go on to tho nntion-wide cornpoti tion for tho 11 Bri tish Consul Plnydowns. 11 Remarks from the floor included such as 11 Thcy will be representatives even without University sweators 11 from Mr. Barry S• ith, (Science) and that the forocasted win by this tcnm wa.s 11 Pror.mture" from Mr. B. Siegfried, ( Ap-· plied Science)~ Presidont Hess stated th2t 11 This was, in effect, buying uniforns for students to keep. 11 It was moved thRt this item be de ... l Gtod fron thG a genda. Tho wotion was carried. Trensuror Wnyno Tochorii in orctor to stop the lag in funds to thJ ~,H.S. from functions hold by Clubs or SocietiGs, expressed a strong plDQ thGt the position of the Trcqsurcr bo reinforced, He outlined a �[· p,"llicy rn which the .A.M.S. would freeze the accounts of any functions that were late coming in, I-t was .suggested by Mr. Jack Edwards (Science) that since sometimes it is individuals and not Clubs who ·1vere at fault, this ruling seemed a bj_t harsh. It was agreed that a statement of explanation could be drawn up j_f the funds were not forwarded. A. motion was carried that all clubs and societies in the University respect a one week deadline ofter functions to hand in receipts or give a valid reason in writing why said r~ceipts cannot be handed in; and the validity of thP.se reasons be lef't to the discretion of t;he Ti.~easurer. It was amend•ed by Mr. Barry Smith (Science). to rea~ that all clubs and societies be notified of this decision. In his next remarks. the Treasurer, in suggesting an audit of the Treas~ry books for tho e~d of his term, stated that it would be economically unf0asible and that he couJd proc.uce certified statements of the validity of his accounts. He offerec. these accounts to anyone who would personally wish to audit them, even though they seemed to be on an undisc iplinecl system. He speculated that the cost of an audit would be over ~100 and again strossed the unneces s ary expense in this move. A. motion which read, 11 the question of auditing and changing of bookkeeping of the A.M.S. Treasury Dept. be put into the hands of the Finance Cammi ttee 11 , was carrie d, 'I'he Finance Committee is made up of members of the A.M.S. Council and chaired by the Treasurer. President Hess then presented a question as to how the delegates (3) to the ORCUS (Ontario Regional Canadian Union of Students) conference be chosen. It was decided that this decision be left to the Executive. The conference will be held in 'roronto, on .January 20th to 30th. Mr. Barry Smith~ President of the 1/iinter Carnival Cammi ttee, outlined how the Con1.111ittee was 193 in debt and would <1lso need another ~100 for Carnival activities. He suggested repayment from the proceeds of the Formal dance. The condition of the roads on Campus was discussed and President Hess and Mr, Smith said they were doing everything in their power to improve the condition of the roads. It was moved and carried that if the Winter Carnival Committee exceeds the budget by a sum great-• er than can be covered by profits from the Formal dance, that it will be covered by the l.M.S. A discussion on the hiring of bands for the Winter Carnival functions Treasurer Tocheri mentioned he knew several bands which would play for the full week for a special or package rate. Chief Justice Dutchuk sugeested that this could lead to trouble with the Muscian 1 s Union. Mr. w. Aitken (Bus. Adm.) outlined that each club function might not like the same ban -:l and moved that the hiring of bands be left up co the individual organizations holding dances during Winter Carnival. This was carried, with the final remark by Treasurer Tocheri that even record dances could lead to trouble with the Muscian 1 s Union. was disputed, 1 The actions of the A. M. S. regarding the supposed 11 Get Acquainted 11 dance with Northwestern University of Minneapolis was criticized from the floor. After the dance had been planned, Mr. D. Gardiner, A.M.S. Business Manager, phoned the Program Consultant of the Fort William Ski Club to inform him of the dance. He found that arrangements for enter-tainment had already been made, nnd the Program Consultant from the Ski Club urged the University to stop publicity on the dance. Mr. J". Edwards (Science) suggested that in future more direct ties be made with the Chambers of Commerce 01, both cities nnd moved that the LM.S. should write Northwestern for more definite arrangements on future trips, as well as, an apology for hav~ng sponsored a social event without consulting the guests, Dr. Merrill, representing W.U.S,C. (World University Service Conference), outlined a progrRm for a conference on Turkey in Waterloo. Dr. Merrill requested a loan to cover expenses for 2 delegates to this conference~ including Miss Rosanne Candido, chosen as one of 39 delegates from across Canada to travel to Turk9V for W.U.S.C. He also mentioned that this loan would be repaid from funds taken in from the W.U.S.Ccmovies and other function •• A motjon was carried that the A.M.S. should advan~s �5 ~--·w. U.S .C. ~100 per delegate, with no more than 2 delegates, for a .con-- .. ference on Turkey in Waterloo. Mr. W. Roman Petryshyn, (Arts) next read a letter from Mr. Morley Mitchell, Editor of the Literary Review. In the letter, Mr. Mitchell outlined his dismay at the lack of material for this project and because of this disinterest, had to return the grant from the 1\.M.S. He suggested that the funds not spent be forwarded to the accounts of the Mediwn. Treasurer Tocheri said that the reason that the newspaper had trouble was the fact that the interest had waned in the staff and referred to the :&st unpublished issue as garbage. Mr. Petryshyn sugeested that the money be reverted to the Account of next year 1 s Review. Mr. T. Kelly, (Arts Society) suggested that a monetary prize should be set up next year~ so that this would give students a greater impetus to submit material for the Review. Chief Justice Dutchak suggested a literary supplement to the newspaper. Mr. F. Penner (Science) suggested the formation of a Literary Club. It was moved that the full !1!;500 allotted to the Literary Review revert to the A.H.S. and th~t recommendations be made to next year's Council to set aside the money for the Literary Review. A second point by Mr. Petryshyn, concerning night classes, and the reason why students must take them, was tabled for further discussion. A motion was carried that the Finance Committee look into the matter of honoraria and make concrete recommendations at next meetings which will be held before the close of nominations for the next year's Executive of the A..M.S. 11 Honoraria 11 is the reimbursement for time spent by the Executive in the form of special favours, usually monetary. After descriptions of conduct at past dnnce, it was moved that a special Police Force, composed of A.M.S. members should bring offenders during Winter Carnival or later, before the Judicial Committee for trial. A.ny member of the fl. .M.S. was urged to write a formal note of complaint if they noticed any misdemeaners. The meeting wearily ended at 11:15 p.m. Jean Jordan and Jack Edwards are selling tickets to the Winter Carnival Formal. The price is ~3.00, with dancing starting at 10;00 p.m. in the New Library. See you there. Powder Puff Panthers Looking for Scalps. The girls of Nemissa are learning the finer arts of footbo.11 i.n preparation for the big game with the boy 1 s university basketball team. The game will take place Thursday, J3nuary 27th between the New Library and the Cafeteria, at 2:00 p.m. The Panthersj in training camp since last Wednesday, nre odds on favorites to take the boys for two touchdowns. As a handicap, the boys hnve nf;reed to ho.ve their feet hobbled one foot apart and tie their left hands behind their backs. The Panther's head conch, Morely Mitchell, says he is satisfied with the teams progress in prnctice particularly that of the ace quarterback "Bart Starr'' Skoropad. Coach Mitchell says she con think on her feet nnd gives le~dership to the offensive squad. ~lso she will represent the team on Hal Lee 1 s sportscast on Channel 2 T.V. on Tuesdo.y, January 25th a t 6:15 p.m. Mitchell says his line led by Rose Greer, Gomer Glover, Horrible HeQther Ylamaki, and Mighty Margie Mouse Coghlan ·will renlly be hitting the defensive setup put up by the boys. Goober Gibb and Crusher Krys Wadas will be supplying the power running out of the fullback slot. We asked Mr. Mitchell what the boy's chances were. He's still laugh- ing. Political Corrunent . A] thoue.h th•.?. wo.r in ViBt~am i.s putting seve:r·ci s t r1.in on the devclcin. ,-~ , . ·- - ~ - . -, - + �6 ideritity of interest there between these two giants guat~nt~es that-the East-We st thaw will likely get even ':Jarmer. The cause of this epoc-~aking development in international affairs is to be found prj_marily in Asia. The Soviet Union's gradual shift from a revolutionary to a revisionist stance is directly related to the Sino-Soviet n ideological 11 schism. The Moscow-Peigping split, however is caused not by the fleeting b ubble 0f a difference of opinion but rather on empirical phenonona that wi2.l be a~ound for quite a w~1ile. Firstly J the split is occ2..s:i.oned by- the natural competition for prestige and influ2~c\J among ciny two grsat powers, In this case it is for the leadership of the world revolutionary movement. There is also the natural diffe rence between tho outlook of a 11 have 11 nation, the wealthy European Russia, and that of the 11 have not 11 l\.sian power, China. Conse- que·ntly the Soviet Union is ruled by communist left"wing Marxists who want to preserve the stEttus quo; China by right-wing Marxists v1ho want change. Lastly there is the pressure of China 1 s fRntastic population growth pushing through the Meng0lian Tiepub lic ( that was set up as a buf-· fer state) and against the frontiers of thG near--empty Russian Steppes~ The Soviets and t\mericans find themselves bedfellows in wanting to l imit the power of Chinao For the Soviets, This 11 peaceful co--existence 11 between them and the hated Capitalists has been made more palatable by the fact that Western governments no longer send buyonet--wcilding soldiers in- to break up strikes or carry on a depression war-depression cycle of business advefr• ture. In fact? in many respects the largGr labour unions_ seem to possess the more power •. Rocently certain steel and aluminum companies tried to hike prices well above the A.dministrationis price guidelines and .got shot down for it. Yet the wnge settlement of the recent N.Y. Transport workers Union, also violating the price guidelines, elected only a slight grunt from Washington. The Warsaw P.::i_ct nations t'oo have changed" They now openly experi-ment with the profit motive and both Poland and Czecho lovakia have ex-• pressed interest in joining ·the General ~grcement on Tariffs and Trade even though tariffs are a purely capitalist device. The 1963 Moscow test·· ban treaty and the proposed nuclear non-proliferation treaty show a trend to begin institutionalizing a thawo Thus both nations are freeing themselves to denl with their mutual A.sian foil., The part thn U.S. tlas piairod in limiting China is apparent to all. Recent moves by the Soviet Union show tho identity of interest in action~ The Tashkent declaration la.y~ng tho ground work for peace in the Indian subcontinent was th0 wort primarily of Chairman ti.leksei Nikolayevich (known i!.1 the West as Premier Kr.::sygin.) By engineering this declaration the Soviet Union has gainod c~odence for its claim of being an isian power interested in the wolfaro of Asians while at the same time it has strengthened the naturally anti-Chinese subcontinent. If lasting peace is "'.chieve"d between the Indians and Pakistanis, the Himalayas will once again be an effective barrier against the north. __ Recent Soviet aid promises to north Vietnam carry on this policy of blocking China. SincG the Sov:!.ets can give much more aid ·to Ho Chi-Minh 1 s sma-11 letter government than ~hina can 1 it is to b0 -expected Ho will lean more towards Moscow in his actions and support than to Peiping in their 11 ideological 11 dispute. In thi.s_the Soviets arEJ merely exploiting natureo The whole Indo-China peninsula has been traditionally anti-Chinese and. Ho himself is considered more revisionist than many of his subordinates. By propping up north Vietnam I s left--wing, the Soviets are fragmenting the power of Asia, containL1g China, and enhansing the likelihood of a con•tinuing Moscow-WashinEton dctanteo Who Should Pay For What? ·- by Russ R~thney. .. . ' ..., ,., ....,,.. r ~ �7 it is crucially important to growth of the economy and to higher living standards, says the Economic Council of Canada. The council said in its second annual review that one step needing immediate attention is rapid, substantial expansion of education after high school so that no qualified student faces -any financial barrier to higher education. 11 (CP news report, Ottawa, January 5, 1966.) Behind these conclusions lies a deluge of statistics and thought. An ample supply of them may be found in either the recently issued, second annual report of the Economic Council of Canada, or in publications based on the findings of the New Democratic Party Research Department. Referring to the 11 basic message delivered ' in this year's report of the Economic Council of Canada 11 , which is essentially the same as that presented by New Democrats in the last federal election, the Financial Post commented, 11 It is not a palatable truth, but the facts produced by the council make it unarguable." That 11 basic message 11 is that essentially Canadian productivity and consequently prosperity, is well below what it could and should be because far too few Canadians receive the amount and quality of education or training a healthy, modern economy demands. A.fter stating that education and training is 11 fundamenta1n to the need for improved productivity and recommending that university education be made available to every qualified student without nny financial barri~r, the council's suggestions stop. At this point the council chairman, Dr. John J. Deutsch, feels that it is up to 11 the politicans" to decide how the council's recommendations should be implemented. HmJ can that financial barrier 11 be removed? The pre sent federal student loan system not only does not remove financial barriers, it adds a substantial interest rate on top of the high university fee. 11 Supposing the federal government eventually decides to live up to Prime Minister Pearson's long over-due promis~ to introdue a scholarship plan instead of the loan system which it gave us, will this satisfy the council's recommendations? It appears that if it is introduced, the scholarships will only be made available to students willing to claim, in writing, a lack of financial independence. Just us, (in the words of the Financial Post), "education, not wolfare, must bo the real war on poverty 11 , so education in our society is a matter of basic human rights; as well as a matter of a highly rewarding (to the whole nation) form of economic investment. Well~ what do you think of stud:Jnts b:,ing in a position whore they must 11 beg 11 for scholarships or do without? Would scholarships go to students as a Hreward 11 for lacking pur9hasing power or should university fees be removed for everyone maintaining a high enough academic standard, regardless of economic status? Nevertheless, any form of a scholarship plan would be closer to meeting the demands of the Economic Council of Canada than the existing federal student loan arrangem0nt. But why is university education not provided on the same basis as it is offered in our schools? Is it not obvious that post secondary education is just as imperative today ns high school oaucation was decades ago when free education was extended to that level? If the provincial governments ironically feel that the y can't channel enough of the public's taxes into directly improving society by paying for university education, there is no reason why tho federal govcrnment 9 in the face of the sombre warnings of CanadG 1 s top economists about tho need for greatly expanded educational servi~es, can't provide incentives which would lead the proYincial.- governme nts to introd uce fre o post-secondary eaucation. (The New Democratic Party has been proposing such un arrangement since its founding convention in 1961). In many cases the only way to make sure that 11 no qunlified student faces any financial barrier to higher education 11 would be to introduce student salaries, (dependent on academic achievement, of course.) But it seems unlikely that public opinion will become sufficiently informed to bri ne this 3b out in Ontnrio a uring 1966. ~ccording to the counc i l 's �8 report, the economic returns for govornment investment in ectucation 11 are likely to exceed by a considerabl0 margin those from most other types ,of expenditure.!! However, now, rather than seeking these high dividends by paying students so that they can pursue higher education completely free of any financial restrictions, our governments are accepting a situation whereby most students pay 11 through tho nose 11 at a rapidly rising rate for post secondary education, Meanwhile skilled labour is imported from abrond in a fruitless effort to raise Canadian productivity. No wonder foreign control over industry in Canada continues to increase, c.u.s. by Harvey Clue. Since the present A,M.S. Council has undertaken discussion on whether Lakehead University should join C.U.S. (Canndian Union of Students), a body which draws on attempts to draw campuses from all parts of Canada closer together, and since tho new ~.M.S. Executive to be elected on February 16, will probably furthor consider tho matter, and perhaps take concrete action, it might bo of interest to the students of this Univer-, sity to know some of the advantages nccompaning membership in c.u.s. Besides the obvious communication \vi th other Universities by means of meotings, conventions, Rnd the exchange visits of representatives, there are other less, yot still important advantages. For example, the students of universities who are members of the union, receive membership cards which entitle the holders to a 10 to 20 percent discount at all stores which nre mornbers of the integrated student discounts system. Most universities - in theory, at least - have a list of these di~count stores located in all parts of Canada. Moreover, C. U.S. offers 3. stude'nt life insurance policy and travel information. The latter will be of interest to those students who desire surmner employment abroado c.u.s. providGs information on suit~ble jobs plus accomodation during the temporary visit. International c.u.s. membership·cards are available which give students access to embassies and consuls· (Canadian) in the different countires. Incidentally, the cost per student per year for membership in C.U.S. is approximately~ .68 cents. · Thus there appear to bo., and this is only a sketchy outline ,of C.U.S. services, definite advantages both for the University and the students as members in the Union. Perhaps, Lakehead University will become a participant of this body, but the final outcome lays with the /J. .M. S. Council. 1966 WUSC Seminar in Turkey. A Lake,head University student, Miss Rosanne C~i'ndido has been selected to attend the World University Service of Canada Seminar in Turkey this summer~ She will join 38 other Canadian university students and five professors in a trip that starts Juno 30 in the Laurentians and proceeds to Istanbul viR Rome Rnd the Orient Express. The group will be accompRnied by two WTIB administrators: 24-year old Paul Canter, officinlly in charge of the Seminar, and Robert PanetRaymond, who r e presented Universite de Montreal on the 1963 Pakistan :Seminar and who is now at Harvard Business School. For the first time, de l e gnte s were selected on a:regional basis Yather than on n quota 'bRsis per unive rsity. ~s a r e sult, seve ral universities -will have no representation at all while othe rs will sand ·a greater number of students than ever before. Paul Cantor explains the change in selection procedure: 11 We feel this will be our most ch.::i.llengj_ng seminar yet, and we want only the best people availabl0. 11 · �I, 9 to their interests, and must submit o. 5000-word essay on topic before the ond of May. 211 assigned Dr. T. H. MacLeod, Vico-Princip~l of the University of Saskotchewnn, Regina c~mpus, will direct the Seminar. The 46 Canadinns, plus an undete rmined number of Turkish professors and students, after an 11-duy seminar in Ist~nbul, will travel about Turkey for two weeks, finally settling in ~nkara for an 8-dny residential seminc1.r. On August 1, the group will be free to travel about ns they choose, the only deadline being the August 17 flight to CanRdo from Rome. They'll be home just in time to nttend the WUS Seminnr Reunion in Kingston, and listen to delegates from tho previous 16 s emin~rs tell them how much tougher and more rewarding it was in Polnnd or Chile or Pakistctn. Man and God. By W.M.(J.:-.ck) Lammon. Is the mere fnct of tho existence or non-existence of God n point on which humanity must ponder? I think of the immeasurable time spent arguing the point when this time could be better spent in developing and im proving conditions in our mortal re al!i1. Did it m,;1. t t er to anyone of millions of Jews in Europe if God existed or not, ns their unanswered prayers rang out over the beating of their children dying by Christian compatriots? Did it m~tter to nny of thG innumer~ble mortally wounded soldiers ~s they fell fighting for numerous opposed causes, nll with ''God on our sidc. 11 I ask, is mere existence enough'? I realize that huge, conservative religions have been founded on the belief in God, and thnt these have evolved into today's churches. There is a resounding emphasis on 11 belief 11 or nccopt:rnce of the doctrine in these religions, n.s one lives n b,uo or prim~uily unhappy life so thAt he may gain a reward of eternal life. I think that man has matured enough not to expect 11 candy for bGing good, 11 c.nd any God who expects this nbe good, not nnught 11 atti tudo must be 8- figment of his or our imaginntions. Life is here to on joy, as only 1·J8 know how. We, of course, cannot forget those who :1re less or f'.lore f'ortunnte thnn ourselves. I say that we use the money allotted to war, churches, and other equally useless concepts, and train ourselves nnd th~ others around us to enjoy life. What need have we of prnyers if we have adapted most fully to our environment, are o.t peace 1'11 th one nnother, and a.bovc all 1 know how to liven full and rewarding existencu. Life 0ternal, with all its paradoxes, should be considered, if and when it cones. Each of tho Western religions, which includes Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, retains concepts that nre much too vngue to really be considered as the finc7.l ,,Truth. 11 If they arc, I re.::tlly cannot say, nor do I care. Each believes in the same God, but has murdered too many while believing these 11 Truths 11 to warrrrnt my belief in their God or their religions. In other i.-1ords, mankind must tc1.ke it upon himself to make certain of nn enjoynblc existence in th0 fnce of an ~pathetic or nonexist11nt God. P.S. This is st~tod d8spito the portion of Soci~l Darwinism (survival of the fittest hwnRns) dished out to us at the supper dnncc, Friday last. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lakehead University Alumni Collection Description An account of the resource Material kept by the Lakehead University Alumni Association, or donated by Alumni to the Association. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Medium Vol. 2 No. 4 January 24, 1966 Subject The topic of the resource Universities Description An account of the resource This issue contains articles on the new year, jobs abroad, and an annual meeting for Lakehead University Alumni. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lakehead University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1966-01-24 1966 the medium https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/926b0e4d94d071f38d936a00d2938d44.pdf 612610506f03848c384ef4ff6172dccd PDF Text Text RICHARD ROHMER, Q.C. 74 SANDRINGHAM DRIVE!: BOROUGH OF NORTH YORK (TORONTO 12) The Canada North Development Corridor is a new and, hopefully, dramatic concept for the opening-up of Canada over the next fifty to one hundr•ed years, In formulating the concept I drew upon old successes in Canadian experience during the trans-Continental push of the CPR in the 18SO's and the massive growth which has occurred along the western routes pioneered by that railway. It is a concept which recognizes that in our Centennial Year Canada has the men and the technology-the ability to envision, to conceive and to create a plan for the long-t<:!rm. opening of Canada North--and the wealth and resources to execute such a plan. Most important, Canadians today have. the courage, imagination, farsightedness and belief in their own future to accept such a concept as a National Policy, perhaps the national policy of our second century. This excellen-t, comprehensive, preliminary study by Acres Research and Planning Limited clearly demonstrates that such a concept is viable; that a Canada North Development Corridor could, in fact, be created in stages over the next fifty to one hundred years. The Development Corridor, as it is envisioned, is a belt that traverses Canada through the mid-north and northern regions, with a railway as its spine. Within this belt will grow new towns, new industries, new highways, enlarged ocean ports, new agricultural areas and a new transportation grid for the whole of Canada. The Acres study shatters many misconceptions which Canadians have long held and which have seriously shaded our national image to the rest of the world. Climatic conditions provide an excellent illustration of one most inaccurate element in the popular idea of Canada North. Far from being a frigid, wind-swept, barren wasteland that permits only semi-permanent life, the fact is that the effective boundary of Southern climate extends far up the MacKenzie River Valley. There are, in fact, two or three months of frost-free days and during the long summer days growth is practically uninterrupted. Alnost the entire area within the Canada North n~u~1nnm~nT ~n~~irlo~ ha~ ~lim~Te whi~h is accentable to �RICHARD ROHMER, Q.C. 74 SANDRINGHAM DRIVE BOROUGH OF NORTH YORK (TORONTO 12) ~ THE CANADA }wJ-~it DEVELOPMENT CORRIDOR The Canada North Development Corridor is a new and, hopefully, dramatic concept for the opening-up of Canada over the next fifty to one hundr•ed years, In formulating the concept I drew upon old successes in Canadian experience during the trans-Continental push of the CPR in the 18S0's and the massive growth which has occurred along the western routes pioneered by that railway. It is a concept which recognizes that in our Centennial Year Ca~ada has the men and the technology-the ability to envision, to conceive and to create a plan for the long-term opening of Canada North--and the wealth and resources to execute such a plan. Most important, Canadians today have. the courage, imagination, fa~sightedness and belief in their own future to accept such a concept as a National Policy, perhaps the national policy of our second century. This excellen-t, comprehensive, preliminary study by Acres Research and Planning Limited clearly demonstrates that such a concept is viable; that a Canada North Development Corridor could, in fact, be created in stages over the next fifty to one hundred years. The Development Corridor, as it is envisioned, is a belt that traverses Canada through the mid-north and northern regions, with a railway as its spine. Within this belt will grow new towns, new industries, new highways, enlarged ocean ports, new agricultural areas and a new transportation grid for the whole of Canada. The Acres study shatters many misconceptions which Canadians have long held and which have seriously shaded our national image to the rest of the world. Climatic conditions provide an excellent illustration of one most inaccurate element in the popular idea of Canada North. Far from being a frigid, wind-swept, barren wasteland that permits only semi-permanent life, the fact is that the effective boundary of Southern climate extends far up the MacKenzie River Valley. There are, in fact, two or three months of frost-free days and during the long summer days growth is practically uninterrupted. Almost the entire area within the Canada North n.Qu.Qo1nnm~n-t- rn-r-Pirlny, h.:1~ <"lim.:1t-2 which is accentable to �residents of Canada South. This factor, when combined with the advanced methods of town and community planning and construction makes the "assault" of man on Canada North one which cannot help but be successful. It is therefore an assault which Canadians are obliged to make, in their own interests and in the interests of their own futµre. The promise of Canada over the next 100 years is growth, opportunity and prosperity. The results of the recent Kennedy Round more firmly than ever point Canada in the direction of being among the world's great manufacturing nations, a producer of finished goods, Canada North mu$t be opened up, not only to provide new living regions for our people, new extraction from our natural resources but--aswell--new opportunities to build .industries wnich will manufacture finished products for shipment to all the world. The creation of the Canada North Development Corridor is seen as a wholly Canadian undertaking, financed and owned by individual Canadians, by wholly Canadian corporations and by the Governments of Canada. It is seen as a great enterprise in which people--from all over the world--will participate, sharing in the opening of Canada North as a mainstream of Canada's future. The Acres Research group has made an absolutely essential contribution in establishing the validity of the planning, opening and settlement of Canada North, whether in the form of the Canada North Development Corridor as I have proposed it or in a form similar to this concept. To the Acres organization, who accepted the concept of the Canada North Development Corridor as a challenge which should be proved or disproved• I express my gratitude. That their research has substantiated and confirmed the concept, is indeed gratifying. If there is to be a next step, it is the commissioning of a thorough research program based upon the Canada North Development Corridor concept, or a proposal similar to it. Such a research program would require a budget of between two and three million dollars which, ideally, should be provided by the Federal Government. The alternative would be a cost-sharing program with the Provincial Governments involved, in the same way that the recently commissioned Churchill study is to be cost-shared by the Federal and Manitoba Governments. If the Federal Government should fail to take the initiative, then the Provincial Governments involved should consider providing the detailed research on their own. �-3- It is hoped that the concept of the Canada North Development Corridor, together with this excellent preliminary research document by the Acres organiz~tion, will make.a dramatic, meaningful and realistic contribution to the growth and opportunity which Canadians believe will be created in Canada North in the next one hundred years. It is also hoped that th~ Canada North Development Corridor will find a g~eat measure of acceptance and support among the people of Canada and among all our political parties. R.H.R. York North 11 Juiy 1967. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mid-Canada Development Corridor Conference fonds Description An account of the resource Previously described as General Archives #219. The Mid-Canada Development Corridor Conference was held at Lakehead University in August 1969. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Mid Canada Development Corridor Description An account of the resource 1967 proposal by Richard Rohmer for the then Canada North Development Corridor, renamed Mid Canada Development Corridor. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard Rohmer Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1967-07 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/eeb14c355731f26127452835d41c5092.pdf 9646c7e1f793504e526ac58f2a3d0207 PDF Text Text (An adrres~ del 1 vered to the North ',,,es tern Ontario Development Council, Port Arthur, Nov. ?h, 1968) Stretch1n~ across this country from Newfounnland to northern Brttish Columbia lies the corridor to Canad9 1 s f,Jt,_1re. In a ~reat arc spreading in a broad band eaRt Rnd west from Hudson Bay 11~the vast p0t.ent1 Hl of n~tnrgl rp~rnurces of this coun t ry. Although ~ome attempt i~ bP 4 nv made to d~velop these resources, tR st111, 1.n ---iost cnReg, q reap and run policy \1/hich whut is ~~venn~ the develop~ent of northern Canada. r ic- qu ~ re c ts so""!~ f nrm of 1 nte -··rated scheme "-nich w1 11 tie the ef t'-1c1Pnt development of ttorthern Ca.nRd a 1 7to one v st net~erk of accomplishment. Such a ~To-r~WADA DEVELOP~ENT CORRTDOR The 0r1a1na1 concept of ~uc~ a corr1rlor be ~an in tli.e m1nd of R'ch'~r ri Rn~mer, ~ 1.'oronto lRwver. Mr. RohniPr h:~s ~ad con~i derable exper1_ence in land use ; nd l P 1 J. Dl ann1 n er, R-rd 1 n tr qnsnort ~. t 1 on. Se c·irmi ng to l i 11k ex~ :J tl ni:-, suu1~ lines from the s nuth, the of ~ link bP.tFoen nPw tnwn~. nnd c~t1es, the 1(ien of �- 2 - t-.•V;-, Bc '1P-mP ~ · the i den of permanent urbani z .n tion o.f the mt d-north. c u~ed in ,Tul Yt7 1967 a Stur:-1.v- book, A '9Ubl 1 cat ion which al re 9 d y run 1 n t o 1. t s th 1 rd print 1 n~. It i s by f r ,:me of the b Pst P-raphic 1.nventori es of CRnad.s 1 s n ~tent1~1. se~ v1 r· -.., Out of this r Ase~rch, by a process of t~1; r, is by laylnFJ: one set of cond1 tlons (we9ther, resources, etc.) 0ver Another, and by i:1 v-:htc~- '1Pon1P- "nfr.rht live, the ""orr1.dor ar~ , emer ~ed. T~ e cn 1 T1dor is b1rP 0 l A strtp of lRnd in t~e +>0rA~t frrrn Lnbrc. d nr and Newfoundland, eurving ~ne br ~nc~ extAnrt1n~ nnrt~ un t~e MecKenz t e river, t 11 • rd trirouf"'h northern Br1 ti sh Colu "1bie to the .Pec- 11'1 c C0'3St. Acres co~mis~1oned Kennedy Horizons Limited, '}er 8 rd Kenne: ·- y an cl hi s wi f e , T . I/ • p e r s on a 11 i t, y , �- J - we mu~t n .' )t lenve this mR~1 ficent land to Catn. t: "/ :i? ortnn qtely, \.:e r1s CAnad1ans have no reason - ,,/_,;td. 4--.l,.~ _.._.Jd _ f...c. ,. __ . I. -P . ~ J ;;.n, th1 s ~ountry to Catn. ence :=md the c r o .9 We h a ve the compet- b" l t t ~r 1 n C :mndA to devnlop the .·d d-nnrth as a nlnc~ of Austelned dev~lopment which v:111 be At tr; u--:~,... -• ,.·~. ac tt v" to the 1 00 rri1111 on pef1ple that \..hat 1,: ,· to '~P.reful ~crutj m ·1 t do 1 s to sub."- ect tht s scheme For thts porpone a foun ct ation n y . h r ~ been for~ed with L~~ehead Un1vers1ty, the Univ- er~i ty nf 'J,1.elph, and LP..iJre nt1. Rn Unt Vt."?rf·d ty Hcting ~ /-t•{...- DR the folJ"1di nf? Aponsnr~. .i... ~va 1 Un~ v erst t y ,•:em0r1 e.l r i n d U n i v ~ r f d . ,/) 1-:nd. /. ,_ ., I •..A-· -, Tnvi tat1 onsA h~ve been ~- f. • ' , I ./.' ...-'-· , _,_ of Nei- found- t y I f .. ) I' O l- 1 r r ,:.,_~ .. ~ .. t nlm1 for 11rb::m1 z Pt1 on, i ~dustr1 nl izn.t:l rm, nnd n: en- .,. ,., 1 J ' �- 4 is l' ound to bf- both fe Fi sAble and pr'""tcttcable, then Act1 ~ n to be del1vered to feoeral and nrovlnctal •.,.overn ---: entsf i --., dus tr1 Rl t0 r-~-, 9.nctal,JD1ti com-ne-rcial, and sec tors of the nat, onal col'l'lP11.nuty and to The i nve~ti o-~t.1 on of the ~~heme will be i_n three parts. ···n An~1.1st ? O to ?2, 1069 there will be an in-tt1Rl conference at LakeheRd Unive-rsity to 1 nt rod11ce and 01.ttl 1 rle the • 1n the C 1u1 ¢....t. nroblems which f~ce us , .• • ~ , /1 e. ••velopment of' -th1e p•1t:...:g:£_ d · N ,_,ere llu; 0ou:tl--r;:py • .lhe L{ Env-t. ron11ent ron st1tut1onRl and Jurisd1ct1onal matters 1 ~ume.n end Econo11'li c ?rctors. ·1 he l<ey a ape rs 1 n each Rec l 1. m will be nrep ::.red ~nd ~1ven by em11inent Gan8d1 A.ns, spec1 al1 :::ts 1.n t i-1eir Inves~.nent l'iel ·.: ~. Duff t{rJbl1.n, of ,.' ~nJJ.diun ~qc-fflc butustxias -1 b~ ::> s 1 , . : i } "i. bP- d" v1 , ·1 p•--l -t :itn s A v e n , ... r 0 1 1 '' G· i t ,-i R ' ; c 0 ' ! 1 :1 i_ dPr each �- soeoole fam1liar with t ~e north and its problems. For the t h ree months fnl1"'i,:1.r.~ thts c0nference these ~r"' 11ps w111 t ·avel on f'1 ~ld tr1 ps into var1 ous parts 1 of the north tn P-A1 n f1 r~·t bf.md tnformation on the that abo 1.1t 1 /3 of trie tot .q l membership will also v · s1t arPas 1.n Scandinavia and Russia where similar 9roblems ex-t st, and. where some solutions "1ave been ~o ' low1n~ the flelc t~ips, sometime in the e arly na1:·t 0f' the nAw yeqr, a fin8tt conferAnce will ?-.. r ~ , •'- tM-.tA--i:;_ - • of ..1..w--"' t..A,- :.t..-.,A. & - - 1 - ~ '1 +--'_),...Aw,A-.A..-l - t. r ..,_... be "le 1 d ;1 at whi.ch rennrts w111 be pr f),ented by the · c DJ- •cl.,.__ sevA .r al roups. These will be discu~1sed. Pro'il the ' 0.,.,. J. report~ discussion v!~ 11 be n-r,v1nced e final T~1~ w111 all tqke a ~reAt deal of money but 1t ~111 bA money well spent if some final plen, .-i-i:lnd it "1 n y not by the Ml d-C anca. C•·)rr1 dor Scheme, can be evolved -which v:ill po1.nt tl-i e way to a f:-r.:u:,1t 1ul c~~ r1ud- r~-'({ development of Mi-J 9mtm!d.. 'I he r:1one y for these 1 co~ferenres is comin~ from the ~eder f l and ~rovtnc 1 Hl r.rovern -r· ent s tn pe.rt, and r.i.l so, /t r1 l r:tr r:e oHrt rr0'11 C an9d'l a.n 0"' neri 1.ndus try. AltliouG'h the need fnr ror~-t~n c- .s=tp1tal to ., �... - 6 Tt 1s arAt~fvln~ to know that CanadtRn tndustry has r1sen to the c 'n ~llenf7.e and 1s cnntr1but1ng handso"le- The tnthus1asm for the pro!ect bAs been At1nn. morP- tran w~ expected. ~r. ~or~an has had the prl v1.lef:_"e of -neet1 n~ ;. 1th some of the Captains of ~andlan industry to introduce the idea to them. t•t"~b,-:-,~•-- · p tn ... ~e r-~-"'•-e~~,- will consist of 50 3-overnemtn T'-11 fl ~, ,,1..,,. .._.vc:I.- 75 b~umst:~ Industry 25 Uni verei ty f · ../~.:._. ,.. !I •ft..,,A-J,,..,___,A.A,,- ;r ~ ,1/,t number of se :~t1 1 s a mi. nhnu'.'n and m~ y be qdded ton~ we nrncPed. r ,. . t 1 nrr -,c-nbers. The~e ~tll be the part1c1- 'rhere un0 nnbtedly w111 be some ✓• ,1 ..... ,·, qn ,-r r mnnt Bor 11 ~tP ning rartlct oat-l nn .l1.1' both the ~onferences. -t c.. of ""p ,. (_( (..- . .._ _,f..Jv~ c.,{,..I... If a u ·")~'i tlvc ~ - whatever its form emer~es from thP-~~ eenffeeeBeea sessions, the con_.,,t-/4· ,'.,.,.-"l..__... ,. ..... ..,1..,M. C . t~ fe!'P-nce 'llust convince the r,·over-n~s that the pal nn - ~ctt,"1 /4_;:.:..,1:CV"' ~...K should 9&-- enfl~Ji.e.rl at ..t~~ ✓v . . ~ 1_s noss1 ble that A A @ti.Pl1.es:t Gt ;/h " - , / ~ - - / . :natnH:d:::r, :t::hfre. mnster plan cnuJ.d t Hke at least five and tPn million doll~r~. • Tf tt is to pe t,yrial / a__. - - It c.., (', ,·. ·,. ' �,. - 7 ment of C RnadA' s uni ve r" s1 ties and bn~iness com-rnun1 ty. At dtfferent t1mes 1ft th ■ ,awt in the history of this country, some magntflcent scheme has transcended petty reginnal differences, has lifted us from the fear of foreign domination, has bound us together as a n~tion. To me, we are at a time in rmr 111 story when Rome transcending purpose must "Pip us or 1,10 ~ ~ti.tJertrate as a nation. I believe thnt the 11l1'~•xa:k~KAXll1 development of M~d-Canad2 ~orth is ~ust such A scheme. Mtd- Canactn North 1s destined to play an evPr increasing role in this country~s ~rowth to a self-sustaining nrit-t on. Let us - ·· °'-"{.,../ ~~ Leeve Tt Not To Cain � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mid-Canada Development Corridor Conference fonds Description An account of the resource Previously described as General Archives #219. The Mid-Canada Development Corridor Conference was held at Lakehead University in August 1969. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Mid-Canada Development Corridor, an address delivered to the North Western Ontario Development Council, Port Arthur, Nov. 28, 1968. Description An account of the resource Text of a speech, possibly given by W.Y. Watson of Laurentian University, on the topic of the Mid-Canada Development Corridor. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968-11-28 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/e08124d7f3088e889186d0348f5c7b74.jpg 0c1bec55c8a42ef8d125b6decb0ac009 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ken Armson fonds Subject The topic of the resource Forestry Description An account of the resource A collection of thousands of photographic slides depicting Ken Armson's work in the field of forestry, 1952-1995. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armson Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952-1995 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource These images have been digitized and shared on this site with permission. Most are still under copyright. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The new bridge (DREE funding) Manitou Forest, Fort Frances. Subject The topic of the resource Forest Products Industry Description An account of the resource The new bridge (DREE funding) Manitou Forest, Fort Frances. Boise Cascade Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ken Armon Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1982-07 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Armson-Silviculture-1799 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada-Ontario https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/16/2736/1974_Vol_1_No_13_CV01.pdf 8d860cc12889a57dbf68b81f54ee79ed PDF Text Text PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �EDITORIAL POLICY The newsletter group, a separate yet supportive group of the Northern Women's'Centre. reflects the complexity of the make up of the Northern Women's Centre as a whole. Being a smaller, unified group, the editorial board of The Northern Woman will attempt through collective creative andtEought-provoking comments, to respond to, and express (through a consensus of opinion) their reactions to, various articles, letters and timely topics of interest. Throtedh such a policy it is hoped that The Northern Woman will become a tool for women to develop an inereased understending of their situation and forests affecting their lives. :A=0E-..._.--,.,;wismeze=agatimamamwaxmwr, IIMI ME I WE I EDITORIAL / This i1S40 is dedfeated to HEALTH physical. For, as Simone de Beauvoir sat confidence i4 own body i.e to lose c For this ," is nelessiley that all a knowledge but alio an understanding of of m al and have ideace in oneself." men have not only eir bodies. "Not Up to this time the medial pronliedien has been allowed to and willingly subscribes to a basic assumption patient, particularly a female, is quiet, passive, that the and ignorant of her body. As a result very few women have a positive attitude towards the medical profession. We are tired of being subjected to long waits, short and cursory examinations which do not alleviate any fears or provide answers to our questicns. A doctor is not omniscent; every patient has the right to question her/him and so receive clear informative explanations. Only when we cease to conceive of our bodies as objects of mystery and begin to voice our desires and to demand basic rights, will the attitude of the medical profession change. Until the demystification of the body and democratizatization of health services becomes a reality for all, we as women, must increase our awareness of the functioning of our bodies. This Newsletter hopes to serve as a stepping stone in that direction. It is time we stopped deluding ourselves that our discomfort and dissatisfaction in the medical profession is a function of personal maladjustment on all our parts. The sooner we realize that our difficulties ape common and widespread, the sooner we can humanize the sterile, impersonal world of medicine & health care. PDF compression, OCR, web1975: optimization using a watermarked evaluation International Women's Tearcopy of CVISION PDFCompressor �YOUR RIGHTS AS A PATIENT How often have you left your doctor's office with the feeling you were not treated as an individual, that your problems were not very important, that your questions were not answered to your satisfaction ( if you could bring yourself to ask them at all), that you were rushed or treated in a paternal manner? Some women have long complained to their friends about the doctor/patient relationship. Some women have developed a blind loyalty to their doctors, coming quickly to their defense should they be critized, although they may complain themselves about the treatment they received. But now more -than ever before women are becoming more selective in their choice of tqho they see about their health needs: Because of the women's movement women are discussing openly and honestly their grievances toward many doctors. YOU CAN CHANGE DOCTORS: Staying with the same doctor means s/he has forlied a medical picture of you in he: or his mind, and s/he has recorded your health problems which can prove to be valuable when you come for medical advice. At the same time, the mere fact a doctor has your medical history shouldn't bind you to him/her if your not satisfied. Records can easily be transferred. You don't have to settle for a single opinion: You are well within your rights when you set out to corroborate the findings of any doctor. A second opinion can be particularly helpful when it comes to the advisability of surgery. There is a growing concern about the many hyster_ ectomies and mastectomies that are performed. Explore all alternatives before agreeing to an operation. The womens movement is the road to knowing and appreciating onesel You are not obliged to participate in experiments: New drugs and new surgical procedures must be tried out on someone before they gain acceptance, but if you happen to be that "someone" you have a right to know it, and be informed of the dangers involved. Ca rtyr tj r PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Year �YeiU ARE ENTITLED TO ARE.',SON ABLE AMOUNT OF TIME & ATTENTION You have a right to expect that s/he has set aside the time to (1) give you a chance to talk about the problem. (2) Examine you. (3) Record the details (4) discuss it with you (5) Suggest what steps you can take to solve it, and (6). Answer any questions you may have. You have every right to expect PRIVACY -- you should be able to EFII-Trankly without fear of being overheard. Your health records are privileged information and should not be maee :7-41,0,e te anyone who is not directly involved in your care unless you give your permission to make this information available. Continuity of Care A backup doctor should be standing by to answer your calls, or respond to any emergency, when yous. on doctor is away. te The Preservation of Personal 7.5=17-m e man77-in which you are cared for should be in no way affected by your sex, social standing, or race. Respectful and considerate care is every patients due. II rCe.sZt.30A,00,p lull Information Is Yours For at t e pak,ient 117.7gE7Tknow can't hurt her" is toe often the attitude of many doctors. You have the right to ask questions expect truthful answers and explanations 'ou can understand, also, the name & possible side effects of medications prescribed. t710.. CNC' tz 1% EaKkAl_sA Men go to great pains to avoid talkie q about women in front of them ('Not in front of a lady") - it would give their game away. To overhear a bull session is traumatic to a woman: So, all this time she has been considered only, "ass", "meat", "twee, or stuff", to be gotten a "piece of", "that hitch", or "this broad" tc be tricked out of money or sex or love! To understand finally that she is no better than other women but completely indistinguishable comes not just as a blow but as total annihilation. ft International Women's Year Shulamith Firestone PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor The Dialectic of Sex �Ear "The Foam"- Aerosol Vaginal Spermic de Description; White cream with the consistency of shaving cream. It contains a sperm killing chemical. It comes in a can with a plunger,type plastic applicator. Effectiveness 745am is not as effective as a diaphragm used with cream or jelly, or as a condom. If it must be used alone, two full applicators should be inserted, as close to the time of intercourse as possible. If you absolutely don't want to get pregnant, don't count on foam alone. Disadvantages - Foam friltates some vaginas and some penises. Delfen, which is most effective, also tends to be most irritating. -Not effective enough to depend on. - Using it can be a (brief) interruption of sex if the couple do not treat it as part of the sex play. -Responsibility is primarily the women's. Advantages --Easily available in ctrug stores. - Is effective in helping to prevent VD. CONDOM (Rubber, Safe, Prophylactic) Description: A Iheath, usually make of thin, strong latex rubber, designed to fit over an erect penis to keep the semen from getting into the women's vagina. Usually comes rolled up, unrolls to about 71A inches. There are no "sizes" since all are eensiderably elastic. Skin condoms (made from animal membrane) are more expensive but tend to cut down less on sensation. Effectiveness; Used alone, a good quality condom is 85-95 percent effective, with a spermicidal foam, 100 percent effective, depending on how carefully it is used. (a) leave a half inch at the end of a plain-ended one for semen. (b) Unroll carefully to avoid catching air in the end. (c) Use a lubricant to prevent tearing, spermicide) roam, cream, jelly, K-Y Jelly, or saliva, but not vaseline. ;tppl the lubricant after the condom is on the penis. (d) The man must hold the rim when he withdraws his no longer-erect-penis afte ejaculation; otherwise the condom might slip off, and sperm will get into the vagina. In case of accident, use cream or jelly or foam as quickly as possible, Dieadvanta ,es JELLIES AND CREAMS SpermiciTa176 comes in a tube with a plastic applicator. It forms a film over the cervix which blocks end kills the sperm. Effectiveness It is not as effective as foam, so unless foam irritates, don't use creams or jellies alone. - Can ru n the spontaneity of sex, unless the man and woman can share the unrolling of the condom, making it an enjoyable routine of sexual foreplay. -Many men claim that the condom dulls sexual pleasure. Physiologically, this claim is highly questionable. These mer are usually refusing to accept responsik ility for birth control. .1cae.`fieta.4.e.tat. Disadvantages Problems of leakage or Advantage Can be bought at a drug store without a prescription. 1975: International Women's Year PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �evantages aieap, easily avaibie, easy to use A method of birth control that gives , nee protectien against VD. It also pro tects partners from infection like trichomonas. - Condoms have a shelf life of two years. A condom kept in a wallet or pocket will deteriorate, but a high quality condom can be used five or six times if cared for. Put it in a glass of water temporarily, thenwash it, dust with cornstarch, and reroll. - AN,-.11% .Sr DIAPHRAGM AND SPERMACIDAL JELLY OR CREAM: 1880 - Diaphragm was a major breakthrough in the liberation of women from unwanted pregnancies. Up until 1960 when the pill and IUD were invented, 1/3 of all American couples used the diaphragm. DESCF PTION It is made of soft rubber material and is shaped like a shallow cup. It has a flexible metal spring rim. It should fit snugly over your cervix, locked in place behind the pubic bone and reaching back into the posterior fornix of your vagina. It comes in a variety of sizes, depending on the size of your upper vagina. Tile size you require is a difficult thing for you to determine, therefore a trip to the doctor is required. FOW IT WORKS Before a visit to your doctor, you should examine yourself internally to determine the positions of both tnbubic bone and the cervix. This 7.s essential when fitting into place the diaphragm. The doctor then fits several rings of different size into the vagina to determine the size you need. After fitting the first the doctor will or should ask you if you can feel it. If you say "no" he or she will take that ring out and insent the next larger size and this continues until you can only slightly:' feel the ring and that's your size. There is a possibility that after a woman has had a child, an abortion, an operation dealing with the pelvic area or has lost or gained ten pounds, it might be wise to ')e refitted. After the visit to the doctor you should know how to Insert the device yourself. About a teaspoon of spermicidal jelly or cream is smearee on the upper surface of the diaphragL, (dome up or down, depending on your anatomy). Spermacide must not be PDF compression, OCR, web Vomen's optimizationYear using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: Inernational �laced on the rim since this increases the possibility of displacing the diaphragm during coitus. With ona hand you squeeze the diaphragm into a long, narrow shape. With the other hand, hold the vaginal lips apart, then insert the compressed davice into the vagina until the far rim passes the cervix. You then push the front rim up behine the pubic bone and chock that the cervix is completely covered. Plastic or metal inserters facilitate insertion especially for women with short fingers or dislike handling themselves. The diaphragm is most easily inserted wh!1e crouching, squatting, lying down, or standing with one foot raised. The diaphragm may be inserted no more than two hours and not less than 1/2 hour before sexual intercourse. If two hours pass, an inserter full of spermicide can be injected into the vagina or the entire procedure can be repeated. You can walk around, bathe or urinate with a diaphragm in place, but you should recheck its position ,e'ter a bowel movement. 1J ter an act of sexual intercourse, an additional application of spermieide must be inserted into the vagina by means of an applicator before each additional coitus. After intercourse, l'Ira the die; ~ eagm in for six hours or so to ensure that all sperm are de- Diaphragms made of plastic are available in case of an allergic reaction to rubber. Also, the brand of spermicide should be changed if either partner is allergic to the kind being used. The diaphragm is ineffective if left in a dresser drawer or purse. However, that is not the only reason for its potential failure. The device can slip out of position for a number of reasons: improper fit, cream on the rim, expansion of the vaginal walls during sexual stimulation, and frequent insertions of the penis. The diaphragm is much more easily displaced in coital positions where the woman is above the man. The diaphragm and cream costs about $6.00. Word of Warning: It is best not to 'leave your disidinagm lying about as someone uninformed as to the form of a diaphragm may easily mistake it for an ashtray. Just a pun but it did actually happen. Tee Hee! Much of my material I gathered the Magill Handbook on "Birth from Control ° and the book entitled "Our Bodies, Ourselves'*. Also thanks Linda for the helpful article you gave me. Val Packota s'n..oyed. Touching is unnecessary. Simply clean around vagina with a warm washcloth and towel. Occaeionally, hold the diaphragm up to tne light and check it for cracks, or holes, especially around the rim. After use, wash the diaphragm witn id soap and water, dry it gently and pove-- it with corr tarch. diaphragm can be used during menetration although conception is unlikely at that time. WK-a positioned correctly the diaphragm cannot be felt by either sexeal partner during coitus. . ) The secret is freedom and that means no bras or Bridles. You got to do wnat you want to do and wear wnat you want to wear. Everybody is so hung up . on the matching game-- the shoes have to match the bag which matches the coat and dress But the big question is, is it matching your soul. Janis Joplin Village Voice 611111111111111111311=41111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111=111111111111011E. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Year �cQ , THE PILL The pill is, at the present have not done complete medical time, the only birth control histories and examinations. Also method that is 100% effective if the side-effect and dangers of the taken as prescribed ie. every day pill, to certain women have not for 21 days.. (depending on type been thoroughly explained. In a of pill you take). study done by the Vancouver Women's HOW IT WORKS Health Booklet - 32% of the women The pill is make up of surveyed said their doctors pressynthetic chemicals that ordincribed the pills without adequately arily enable women to conceive a checking their medical history.. baby.. The pill adds estrogen .and The disadvantages and dangers progesterone in synthetic form to of taking oral contraceptives as the body's own production of any other product medication cannot hormones.. Estrogen -- chemical that be overstated. acts on the brain centre that controls the pituitary gland resulting in the gland to decrease the production of eggT- prevents development of other eggs--causes Any synthetic chemical that wall of womb to thicken and prepare "messes around" with body chemistry it to receive fertilized egg. Also is dangerous to women susceptible stimulates milk producing gland of to various physical problems. of breasts. Progesterone--compleListed below are the reasons tes preparation of the wall of the you should not take the pill or womb with a further supply of blood good arguments for thinking about and other fluids necessary for other birth control alternatives. early stages of pregnancyr--also WOMEN WHO SHOULD NOT TAKE THE PILL seems to prevent release of any more 9ggs.. -diseases or conditions associated to effect, the pill, adding with poor blood circulation a considerable amount of estrogen -bad varicose veins and progesterone prevents preg-pulmonary embolism (blood clot nancy primarily by preventing thg in the lung) development of the egg in the ovary -stroke If a low estrogen level is present -retinal thrombosis on the last day of your cycle a -heart disease hormonal message is sent by the -heart defect pituitary gland which begins devhepatitis or other liver diseases elopment of egg in the ovary. -undiagnosed abnormal genital What the pill does is raise your bleeding estrogen level enough to prevent -cancer of the breast or of the repthat message from being sent.. In roductive organs or a family effect your ovary remain inactive history of breast cancer when taking the pill. -lactation (nursing mothers should DISADVANTAGES OF BEIM 100% SURE not take birth-control pills There are varied opinions on -cystic fibrosis the pill and problems linked with the pill ie. blood clots, cancer etc. However because the pill is 100% effective it is given publicity as giving women complete contrel over their bodies. Doctor links HowPill may cause,, ever we must ask in this article what price do we have to pay for migraines, being 100% sure.. breast cancer, The pill must be prescribed by a doctor. estrogen use Too often the pill BMA warned has been doled out by doctors who PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor Neurosurgeon links pill to female infertility . �VOLUNTARY STERILIZATION ----A PERSONAL EXPERIENCE A significant change is occurring among many women today. Vlereas in the past, most things affecting women were out of their hands (parents, husbands, "laws of nature"), today women are seeking control-- of their lives, of their bodies. The control they demand of their own bodies has had an obvious effect on our society ie.more money is being put into development of safer and more effective birth control methods, the abortion issue is being argued daily. Although these changes are seemingly insignificant in light of what should be happening, they still represent a change in attitude from even 15 years ago, when abortion was something that was never even mentioned by the average person. At one time women never questioned the fact that they would have children--it was inevitable--it was what women do. Women are questioning now, though, and the answers they're coming up with range from limiting the number of children they bear to one or two, to choosing not to have children at all. When the decision has been made not to have any (more) children the question then becomes which birth control method would provide the most effective, safest, long-term effects. Of to two most effective methods--the pill (99A and the IUD(95%), neither would appear to be too safe for any extended period of time. The most permanent, safest method, therefore, is obviously sterilization. It is one hundred percent effective and is usually final. It is the only really permanent form of birth control. Choosing sterilization is an important decision. Most people you talk to about it will probably react with shock especially if you have only one child or none at all. You may even have many internalized feelings yourself of infertility meaning "inferiority". however, after these have been examined and dealt eith, you will most likely run into the biggest struggle of all--finding a docto who will perform the operatinn. I would like to relate my personal experience with voluntary sterilization, which, I believe could probably be generalized. I am a single parent with two children who,at the time I started investigating sterilization, were 3 and 4 years old. I have never been married. I had been on the pill for 3 years, and given information that you should go off them every 3-4 years, I was getting worried about how ingesting this chemical into my body daily was affecting me. Examining other birth control methods, I discovered all of them to be unsatisfactory for me. The nexr safest, IUD, made me shudder; I didn't like the thought of a little bit of plastic and copper embedded somewhere in my body. Abstinence seemed to be the my only out(sterilization hadn't occurred to me yet). Being ayoung, sexually healthy woman, it didn't strike me as being any kind of a viable alternative. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Year �s. It finally occurred to me that I was only looking into short-term methods. I knew I didn't want any more children. The thought of getting pregnant again filled me with terror; I paniced every time my period was a day late. So why not end my child bearing "career" permanently? For six months I battled with myself. After all, I was only 20 years old; isn't sterilization a rather drastic step? But, my children were getting out of babyhood dependency and I loved the freedom it offered me. I spoke to everyone I knew about it. Many of my friends (mostly women) were incredibly supportive of my decision. The majority of people though, men and women, were shocked. Their shock, however only served to reinforce my deelson. I made an appointment with my doctor. I wouldn't even have considered approaching my gynecologist about it (a man who reminded me faintly of Robert foung in a Marcus Welby-Father Knows Best combination). I felt it would be fairly easy. After all, I was an "unwed mother", and many people were adverse to propagating the race of "illegitimate" children"( I wasn't too concerned about the resoning behind it--as long as I could get the operation done). 7.4y doctor, though, was just a little too liberal. He seemed to think I had just as much right to have children as 3 married woman did. lie insisted I would meet a man some time ("After all, you're o attractive") and fail madly in love, want to get married and give him a-child-of-his-own. He also told me that if I were married my husbands signatureend consent would give me the right to be eternized if he said I could. After talking to him for a while, he finally convinced me to think abut it even though I already had been for six months or more. I went off the pill and on his advice, had an IUD inserted. 7-Tis argumeni-infuriated me after I had had time to think abet it. First of all, if I ever did meet a man I wanted to get into a long-term relationship with, he would have to accept my children as "his own".. I couldn't concieve of a relationship with a man who related to them as my responsibility, alone, an attitude which would be representative of an entire individualistic frame of reference which I can no longer relate to. A short time later I approached another doctor, a partner of the first. His reaction was the same: I'm too young voisftdiOn, I may change my mind, I may meet somenne etc. A year later, when I was even more convinced that I should have the operation done due to extreme discomfort from the IUD, I approached another doctor. This time it was a woman, my reasoning being that she might be able to empathize with my situation to a small degree more than a man could. I was able to talk to her quite openly about my feelings and she finally agreed to speak to the gynecologist/surgethn about it. He agreed and they scheduled my admission into the hospital. I want into the hospital with no fe&lings of apprehension at all. I felt exhilarated; I finally had some control over my body. The operation itself was a simple procedure, only in use for a year. The procedure was termed "laparoscopy" and was done by making two tiny innisinns in the abdomen and inserting a tube called a laperoscope which is used to cauterize the tubes. I was able to go home the following day. After I came home, I felt P eer_A3 sense of freedom, as if, now that I no longer had to worry About getting pregnant, I could get on with the rest of my life. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION coat PDFCompressor �9. My experience with the first two doctors made me realize just how much the medical profession views women as not having any Abotion, bibth control, r7.Eht in determining their own lives. ahild birth, and sterilization are all things which, although they affect the woman directly are all somehoe removed from her hands. Major decisions are made not 122: her but for her, either by the man she is married to or by the man who a-Ter doctor. The time is here, now, to start insisting that we be given the right of control over war own bodies which will mean another step in the direction of control overour lives. THE MALE OPTION - VASECTOMY To describe a vasectomy in the usual idiotic T.V. type advertisement one could say that "It takes away the worry of being close". WHAT IS A VASECTOMY? How is it performed? How will it effect me? These are some of the questions that bother the average male, so, having had a vasectomy four years ago I shall attempt to answer these questions to alleviate any fears the male may have about the possible after effects of a very simple operation. How will it effect me? After a month or so you will not even be aware that you had a vasectomy, and the location of any small Will it scars are generally impossible. I would effect my sex life? Rubbish! highly recommend it as a viable choice in the decision of birth control and it appears to me ludicrous to have a woman go through the major female operation of Tubal Ligation, or have her take the Pill when a vasectomy is such an easy answer. Take this advice from a four year veteran! Mike .Generally a visit to your doctor to discuss the operation is mandatory and some doctors prefer the wife to be present, although this depends on the doctor involved, and in my own case all that was required was my wife's permission for the operation. Usually in the doctor's How is it done. The office under a very mild anesthetic. whole experience takes about half an hour. The operative procedure is about ten minutes. All the operation entails is the making of two miniscule incisions in the "Bag" and locating the two Vas Deferens, cutting, tying and applying some type of plastic The whole bandage over the small cuts. procedure is less painful than a visit Although, it is usually to the dentist. suggested that one wait until the next day to resume work; the only discomfort is a slight pulling sensation of the testicles. Because, one support tube is removed they tend to drop until the muscles strengthen The advisability of wearing an again. athletic support for a few weeks is This slight inconvenience desireable. and a period of caution for about ten weeks is usually advised by your doctor to make sure that all live sperm have disappeared. International Women's Yearcopy of CVISION PDFCompressor PDF compression, OCR, web 1975: optimization using a watermarked evaluation AllailION �IUD Page 9A lomm INTRAUTERINE DEVICES AVAILABILITY Several devices which are pictured here have been used by women. As can be seen the design of these devices has become less complicated over time as a result of much needed scientific work. However, much more research is needed in this area. (A) Most women should be able to make use of this method unless the uterus is exceedingly small or there is excessively heavy mentrual flow and/ or cramping. Also people with V.P., severe vaginal and uterine infection should not use the IUD. To be safe make sure to have a full pelvic and breast examination as well as pap smee and V.D. tests if necessary. (B) (E) (A) (E) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H) (I) ** Majzlin Spring Birnberg Bow Saf-T-Coil** Ota Ring Dalkon Shield. Hall-Stone Ring Lippes Loop** Zipper Ring Margulies Coil. most recent devices HOW IT WORKS No one is absolutely sure how the IUD works to prevent pregnancy there are several theories: Over two thousand years ago Arab and Turk camel drivers discovered the principle of the IUD. They inserted tiny pebbles into the uterus of female camels by means of a hollow lead tube in order to prevent pregancy during long journeys through the desert. During the nineteenth century IUD's were used extensively in the United States and Europe for a correction of uterine displacement, treatment of menstrual abnormalities and infertility and in the later part of the century, for contraception. "The IUD, which touches the linin of the uterus at several points, irritates the lining and keeps it from developing properly, so a fertilized egg cannot find a good place to implant. The IUD speeds up the peristaltic waves by which the fallopian tube moves the egg down toward the uterus. The egg's journey of 4-5 days gives the uterine lining time to become secretory under the influence of progesterone. Studies are being done to determin, if the presence of the IUD causes hormonal changes which cause the suppression of ovulation. A fairly recent theory holds that the uterne wall responds to the foreign body by sending out macrophages - huge white blood cells - which try to get rid of the IUD, and failing that, devour egg or sperm or both. This is not an infection."' Today the IUD is usually a small plastic device, placed inside the Uterus by means of an inserter with one or two strings extending from 1 - information taken the vagina so that one is able to from page 120 PDF OCR, web a watermarked evaluation of CVISION PDFCompressor of Our copy Bodies see compression, that the device isoptimization still in using place. Ourselves. �INSERTION OF LIPPES LOOP INTO THE UTERUS nylon threads Page 9B n nylon threads INSERTION Insertion of an IUD is undertaken during or just after menstruation, or at the time of an abortion. This is accomplished with the use of an inserter. The diagram shows how easily the device is placed into the uterus. IUD's should always be inserted by a well-trained person because of the risk of infection. In Canada this usually means a doctor, although, in other countries these tasks are often handled by trained medical technicians. However, the demystification of the medical profession which results from the use of technicians seems to be a long way off at least in this country. SIDE EFFECTS Some women have more bleeding and cramping than usual for the first few days (One medical journal suggests that one or two months is not too long for bleeding to take place after insertion). One can only assume that these were "male" doctors who wrote the article. ADVANTAGES Eliminates worry about birth control at the time of intercourse. It is easier than remembering to take your pill or inserting your diaphram. It is probably safer than pumping your system full of chemicals. In socialist countries where oral contraceptives are frowned upon, IUD's have been their alternative and have been used extensively by all women including those who have not had children. The reason for why the IUD is used less often in this country appears to be the profit motive. The pill costs only pennies to produce but costs the consumer up to $3.50 or more per month. The IUD, on the other hand, is a co.etime expense. Obviously companies manufacturing these devices will push the more profitable of the two. REVERSIBILITY Chances of becoming pregnant after removal are the same as before using the IUD. AtIONIM3011101101.00+1111INMIMMIIMIONMO. REFERENCES 1. BIRTH CONTROL HANDBOOK 4th edition, August 1970, McGill University Arts and Science Undergraduate Society. 3. OUR BODIES OURSELVES Boston Women's Health Book Collective. Simon and Schuster. New York 1973. 4. MEDICAL HANDBOOK BIRTH CONTROL HANDBOOK International Planned Parenthood 10th edition, March 1973, Federation. 3rd edition 1968 Health Press Incorporated. PDF Montreal compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked amended evaluation1971. copy of CVISION London.PDFCompressor 2. �Page 9C FOR MEN ONLY NEW BREAKTHROUGHS IN BIRTH CAN YOU NAME THESE I.PD:s P A D A. whirling dervish B. silent spring CONTROL Several thousand male prisoners have been using the Hot Rod since April, and the results "We had only had look promising. 34 cases or third degree burns," she stated, and we are working closely with the local Burn Unit to see whether or not the patients Prison officials will recover. have noted that since the advent of the Hot Rod, there have been When 43% fewer escape attempts. asked about the correlation between the use of the Hot Rod and the incidence of prison breaks, the warden replied, "Well, the men seem reluctant to walk around anymore." C. the drop kick D. stiff upper NEW HEAT WAVE KILLS SPERM INJECTION DECAPITATES SPERM lippy RUTTING, N.M., July 10 - A simple method of birth control by injection of a liquid into the penis has been discovered at the Rutting Clinic, by Dr. Eve Weltsmerz. "Using an ordinary hypodermic needle such as used by junkies all over the world, the new chemical formula (pat.pending) will decapitate the sperm, thus rendering it incapable of entering the female egg," Dr. Wetsmerz declared. Experiments on a thousand white whales from the continental shelf (whose sexual apparatus is said to be closest to man's) proved the new chemical to be 100% effective in preventing pregnancy and eminently satisfactory to the female whale since it does not interfere with her rutting pleasure. ANDROGEN, FLORIDA July 10 Scientists at Mammary Research Clinic announced today that they have developed an entirely new concept in birth control. Based on the finding of Dr. Sharon Suffrage, whose study on heat waves was published last year. the Clinic is testing the effects of heat on sperm production. Dr. Suffrage discovered that when intense heat was applied to the scrotum, the male's sperm was Of course, immediately destroyed. so were the testicles, but Suffrage thinks that this minor problem can be overcome. In announcing this new breakthrough in birth control, Suffrage explained THIS ARTICLE WAS TAKEN FROM that she is presently developing a "Her-self", 225 East Liberty portable hot iron which can be Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 applied directly to the scrotum by (August, 1974) The hot iron will the man himself. be marketed commercially by Suffrage Pharmaceutical Co. the trade PDF compression, OCR, webunder optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975 is INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEAR name "Hot Rod." �FOR EN ONLY; G iN_TalEaLCONTROL IPD antrapenal device) IS TESTED The newest development in male contraception was recently tested Called the intrapenaldevice or the IPD, it is inserted on male prostitutes. through the head of the penis and pushed into the scrotum with a plunger* like instrument. Occasionally there is perforation of the scrotum which is disregarded since the male has no sensitivity to this area of his body. No one really knows how they work or what the long range effects will be, IMF: but then, who cares? Common complaints have been severe cramping, massive hemorraghing and green discharges from the head of the penis which are merely signs that the man's body has not yet adjusted to the "new resident." Hopefully these symptoms will disappear within a year. Ins usually are implanted with a string to insure quick removal or for sado- masochistic "play." In cases where the sex partner has complained of the string, the string is removed and then the IPD must be taken out surgically. PENIS COIL "STATISTICALLY SAFE" INTERCOURSE, PA. July 10 - Dr. Sonia Softig of the Blue Balls Birth Control Clinic announced today the most effective method of birth control since castration. The device, which Dr. Softig invented, is a microscopic oil which can safely be inserted into the penis with very little It will remain discomfort to the man. be intact for as long as desired and removed as easily as it was inserted that is, with a tiny steel rod which is gently rammed through the penis opening. The main feature of the coil is its Experiments on a retentive power. hundred generations of pigs (whose sexual apparatus is said to be closest to man's) showed an expulsion rate of only 1.3%, with a complication rate of merely 18%. Dr Softig announced that the new coil has also been tested on unsuspecting male grad students who visited their University Health Clinic during the week An experimental of July 1 - July 8. study at Macho University showed that of the 762 male grad students who were given the coil, only 112 reported any adverse effects. Of these, 84 requested that the However, they were coil be removed. informed that they would have to wait until the study was completed before they could have the coil taken out. Dr. Softig has conceded that occasionally a man will not be able to tolerate the coil. But she emphasized that this is entirely the fault of that particular man. "When we get such a case," she stated, "we usually refer the man to a psychiatrist." b-UMBRELLY UNFURLED'# by Jane Field Special Science Editor PUDENDA, KANSAS, July 10 - An entirely new method of birth control has been discovered by Dr. Lura.Merkin of the Merkin Clinic. A tiny folded umbrella is inserted in the penis and opens automatically when it has reached the apex of the shaft. The underside of the umbrella contains jelly (hence, the name which causes the sperm to undergo a chemical change rendering it incapable of fertilizing the egg. Dr. Merkin said that the "umbrelly" can be inserted in the penis without an anasthetic, and with very little discomfort to the male. Thus, it can be done in a matter of minutes, in any soundproof doctor's office. Experiments on a thousand goats (whose sexual apparatus is said to be closest to man's) proved the sperm umbrelly to be 100% effective in preventing pregnancy and eminently satisfactory to the female goat since it does not interfere with her rutting pleasure. Dr. Merkin declared the "umbrelly" to be statistically safe for man. "Out of every hundred goats, only two died of intra-penis infection; only twenty experienced painful swelling in the unerected member; sixteen developed cancer of the testicles; and thirteen were too depressed to have an erection," Dr. Merkin pointed out that early cancer detection is a feature of the Merkin Clinic. Removal of one or both testicles is now considered a simple operation and has very little effect on a goat's sexual prowess. Only one out of a thousand goats had to have a radical penisectomy - that is, removal of the penis as well as the testicles. "But it is too rare to be statistically important", Dr. Merkin said. Other distinguished members of the Women's College of Physicians and Surgeons agreed that the results far outweigh the risk to individual men. 1975 - INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S YEP ?' PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �FAYILY PLANNING There have been obstacles to the practice of family planning. One of the main obstacles has been the fact that, She felt 1:hat education is comin,r, until 1969 the Crimminal Code restricted sale and dissemination of information practice of family :Aanrino.). regaridi 2..contraceptives. flowAV(r, there still exists a ba_:rier in fatily planning services and that is one of education and infromation. It is too little and tno late, people's a'titudes will have to shift to The Dirthe states with all this knowled,-. society has been afraid to move beyond that. surmised that most people in Canada know about contraception, however, about a third of all pre7lancies in Canada are unplanned. The advantaT,es of family planning cannot be overestimated: "If every child is a wanted child, chilren are better cared for, both physically and emotionally. Y,others are subjected to lower health risks if births are spaced carefully. The assurance that anoter child won't come before it's wanted helps couples plan other material and non-material aspects of their lives with more confidence. And we know family planninf; in the wide sense in which it must be defined can assist some of the childless to hear normal healthy habies. amily T-,lannin7. is not 5i. 5l' T.'!.D. It emodi the insertion or an a carerdl if F';!dly resourcs or happy res:)onle faily life." , hea]thy, ::]conomic Council or Canada 1:,arion Powell, Population Unit, :;chool of :Iy;--,iene, Universiy (1 7oronto, has been quoted in say in that '!aving A prevailing spirit seems to that "we are our sisters keepers,.' and we are not doing our duty to others when remaining apathetic to affairs that are constantly callinc; for a change for the better. Erma Stocking, Prov. Sec. of sack. WilA 1914 access to birth control information is not encvh. It is a very complex prol4lem to rove people from attitude to practice. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor 1975: International Women's Ycal: �ABORTION PART 3 /1. Far from preventing harm to society, this law is instrumental in causing harm to many women who, desperate to rid themselves of an unwanted pregnancy, endanger and The final criticism of section 251, (which states that it is illegal for abortions to be performed except by a qualified medical practitioner, who has the consent of a therapeutic abortion committee of three) is the obvious difficulties involved in enforcing this law. That this law is not, and has not been enforced is beyond dispute. Innumerable abortions have been performed and continue to be performed in circumstances contrary to the law, and yet only a tiny fraction of these have ever been prosecuted. The main reason for this is that it is intrinsically difficult, almost impossible, to gather evidence of illegal abortions. Almost always, 'illegal abortions are carried out in a private manner with all parties involved consenting. Even those cases which come to the attention of hospital authorities and police cannot as a rule be prosecuted, for usually the women involved, who would seem to be the logical complainants, usually sometimes destroy their own lives and health. It is hard to imagine that even fear of prosecution would deter them. To argue that any of the above are the real purposes of the section merely, is believe, to cloud the issue. Clearly, the original purpose was to codify, what the legislators held to be the prevailing religious and moral belief. As a result, this original purpose remains enshrined in section 251, although it is questionable I whether it now actually represents the general views of society. It is not the case that all Canadians believe abortion to be wrong. A great many believe that there is no moral or any other wrong in abortion per se. In fact, there are many who find it morally wrong to restrict abortions, because of the horrifying results. How can these people, if apprehended for their involvement in proscribed abortions, justifiably be found guilty of a breach of the law? They would have no wrongful or criminal intent - a requirement for conviction under the principles of the criminal law. And yet, so long as In February of 1973 Leggatt, an N.D.P. memb iament from British Colu posed to remove section 2 from the Criminal Code. T the House suggests appro motion, but a word of c needed: this was only a fir and so the vote may well agreement that the matter ed. We are likely to wait time for the second, a reading of this bill. De proposed change to the ab is never brief, and so we sh await a time when Parli prepared to allow all othe It would seem that the difficulty to be set aside. What the will be is an open questio fully, there will be discuss purpose of criminal law i and of this section in parti in obtaining evidence of illegal abortions, and thus the problem in enforcing the law, centres around the fact that most participants in the act the decision will finally be refuse to divulge the identity of those injuring them, or the precise cause of their injuries. - well as witnesses, possible complainants and prosecutors - do as not feel guilty about it, do not feel that what they are doing is wrong. Perhaps this suggests that the law is not fulfilling its intended functions. When established, one of the pur- poses of the law was to protect society against the dangers of unscrupulous, untrained abortionists. However, as already pointed out, it section 251 is contained in the Criminal Code, it is in fact considered a criminal offense. on the effects that the rest abortion are having. It is in parliament, I be not by lawyers and judges u arguments but by politicia in response to public pr what they deem to be pu sure, as well as to their o dual and party stands. Th basically a matter of va opinions, and for the law good, responsible law, it m into account the honestly ion of the citizens it is int has had little success. In addition, protect. serve this purpose. --Val Packota (member-Nation Coalition for Abortion Law Rep there are other laws prohibiting the practice of medicine without a licence which would logically already Another function of the law is to protect members of society against a dangerous operation. However, as an abortion is a relatively easy surgical proceedure, one wonders about the emphasis given to this particular operation. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �ir ibortion LiCij INTEhrhETED: in Northern Ontario (Fart f) ieieORTION - the following is a summary of the research and articles done by Nan HajnovIch and ;inita Dahlin, Staff eriters for the Sault Daily Star. Their articles appeared on January 2, 1973 - January 27, 1973 inclusive. Ti is as difficult to get a therapeutic abortion in Northern Ontario as it is uebec, a survey of hospitals, whose record of 7.6 abortions for every 100 live births come closest to the overall Ontario figure of 17, 'Northern Ontario abortion committees ere as strict as old-fashioned school merms.' The north part of the province is only one example of the uneven application of Section 23( of the eriminal Code since the federal tnendment in 1969. ?en of M. hospitals in Northern Ontario have therapeut:c abortion eemeitteee, rareziru from ,:ochr,nele Lady 'elinto hospital with seventy beds to Sudeury il,emorial with 242 teds. hospitals with such committee also include Kirkland Lake, Dryden, Kapuskasing and Kenora. Although there is only one hospital in Elliot Lake, Fort Frances, Hearst, and Timmins, all of which have more beds than Cochrane, none had an abortion committee. Sioux The Lool<out has two hospitals. larFer one, with 70 beds, is an Indian hospital run by the department of national health and welfare. It has no abortion committee. In the 438 miles between Sault Ste. Marie and Thunder Pay, there are five smaller hospitals, none of which have abortion committees. Toronto General hospital did one ninth of the therapeutic abortions performed in Ontario in 1971 (1,816) and west Toronto East General's 1,004 did one sixth of all legal abortions in the province. Iondon's Victoria Hospital did 1,380 and the Hamilton hospitals another 1 605 so that three cities carried nearly one half the load for the province. (to be CONTINUED - PAFT Ii : * hole of the Newspapers he: Abortion Issue) The The Therapeutic abortions done at six hospitals, Thunder bay Xchellar an .ort -.rtleer ilenerel Hospital, L;e1Alt Mere Plemmer Nemoriel, Cudbur emorial, North Pay Civi and Cochrane Lady Nieto totalled 776 in 1971. ,empared with the number of live births, the figure for this part of e province worl,s out to 1.R. FeportinR; hospitals comprise 75 of the hospital beds in those institutions with abortion committees. If those unreported did a comparable number of abortions the figure for the north might reasonably be placed at 2.4, or one sixth of the Ontario average. 1975: International Women's Year PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �t,rt_er comple..8 oi the legs, glide hands over buttocks to central_ back. 2. Slide hands all the way back to feet and repeat #1 (all the way up legs) with some pressure. 3. Massage buttocks, knead the flesh. as if At first work on both kneading bread. buttocks, then concentrate on one, then the other. (For this you can remain on one side of recipient. No need to change sides). Rhythmic strokes. Make small, 1/2" circles all over each buttock using the middle three fingers of your hand pressed tightly into a triangle with the middle finger on top. 6. Use thumbs to press in (toward spine) and down (into back). Hold each press about 5 seconds. This is done at base of spine on points indicated. 7. Using thumbs make small circles into spine and up. Continue up to top of spine. Circles link together. At shoulders do some kneading out to upper edge of blade. 8. Slide hands back to buttocks. Locate muscle columns up of back (about half way between spine and side) and make 2-3 long, hard presses all the way up these to shoulders, kneading again. at Make larger circles all over buttocks using heel of hand. 4. 5. Spread fingers of hand wide apart. Place hand firmly against lower slope of one Now shake the buttock quickly buttock. first forward and back (30-40 shakes) then side to side. Repeat with other buttock. According to the Tantric teachings, our psychological condition is more dependent on the state of the spine than any other part of the body. You will surely agree to this when you experience the deep sense of relief and release when your back is thoroughly massaged. Spend your time well on giving a back massage. top. 9. 10. Bend elbow. Place hand on small of back. (Hold hand in place with your foot.) Use your fingers of one hand as in #3 and thumb of other hand to knead muscles under shoulder blade. Repeat for other shoulder. 11. Hold one of his arms in both your hands. Lift and push elbow in circnla motion watching shoulder muscle. When you see it rippling you know you have the right movement. Repeat for other shoulder (about 10 times). 12. Slide back to top of buttocks. Ask friend to take in a deep breath and hold. it. After 4-5 seconds have him breathe out and MOVE WITH HIS BREATH pushing all the way up back, arriving at shoulders as his breath finishes. REPEAT TWICE. (MUCH pressure). Straddle your friend's thights. Give several strokes all the way up to the shoulders with some pressure. (Gets the circulation going) ALSO USE THIS STROKE BETWEEN OTHER STROKES. GIVES YOU A SHORT REST - TIME TO THINK WHAT COMES NEXT - AND DOESN'T BREAK CONTINUITY. FEELS BEAUTIFUL. 1W5: Make circles into spine again using whole hand. Link circles as in #7. International Women's Year PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �J. 14. 15. Kneu Shouldel- Stand, straddling recipient. Hold Lift and drop his shoulders firmly. them in rapid succession 40-100 times. 77-1/WA-.5 log Care-RI/1/6 THE CEREMONY MCHOLe YOU ge-LPA.-0 i-je- a:7- of r1 REAL ;TAM Experiment with strokes you think Do not hesitate between. would be good. Glide from one to the next. Try, lifting, rocking side-to-side presses, tapping, See if you can locate other drumming. tension-relieving pressure points like those in 116. 'h. Draw lines along all limbs and up spine Called "connecting". meeting at neck. Scratch, tickle or slap his back as he wishes to stimulate skin. STICK AROUND FOR A SECaNi2 ioN/4-E PROOF REAO YOUR Mgr/Cr-6; 0-A- 2 YOU'a OK. thte 17: E1/6N 71/006H .rivi JUST R WON/1W X ivizvre fr Altpl THE I SAWSENSIT/WrY ONE FiA/P5 /N YOUR OWN PROSE:/ ktfrw Wet,- sew ft lriNa ;049,1y PR AMP 5PCC/A4 egasz9rAn(7-",./A-A- rny,...cyz ,PREstp&y, ate.< -WE- 02E56:N729r/0N OF 7-1,6- /1/4.=11/ LNWERSrry /9ar 6A/ -e_eX?Y''' 'frfe k -/,V6 7716 P4W7 lidirN5R Cr si1ilviviN6 IN 1115 PROVA:A7271/6'- 470/4/W .54l/r ,45 GL.R5H&O 'MR.-T:4)/40k; THE miso/y/v, 51111-1." ior NEAR-0Y goicri,e/2.s " &ES CAIARte--5 TAY1 -0/e, ,ON47 Sreze- <7 3--v64-rE, /' :RV 30- 3a -,30, 7-URNep MARE" ;7-H,9A; 0,v6- HE/112 Airry H/9 51.156:1Z, 5X7N.-776H7- Socit-9. Chivelc; A sprjA,_ A.5.549.rAN7; /9 A 1=0Q.AfeR 8RtiMcv7-4:' yoaze- TQY /N6 TO MAKE- A peyAir Alet---AP / you? Man is defined as a human being and woman is defined as female. Whenever she tries to behave as a human beinr, she is accused of trying to emulate the male. Simone de 5eauvoir The Second Sex 1975: PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor International Women's Year �THE LAST (?) /5 TA There are people in Thunder Bay and in We can talk about many controversial subjects today -- religion, sex, politics, rape,other abor-Canadian and American cities who are to face death in a realistic tion, homosexuality -- some of which couldready be and practical way; many of them are labelled as 'taboo.' A real 'biggy taboo' we members of a memorial society - a tend to still avoid discussing is a dirty old voluntary group of people who have 5-letter word: d e a t h. joined together to obtain dignity, simplicity and economy in funeral Let's take that dirty old 5-letter word out through advance planning. of the closet and deal with it for whatarrangements it They not only encourage people to plan really is -- a part of 1 wing. simple arrangements but also encourage them to direct funds to worthy, lifeMany people say it's 'depressing,' say it's giving They even encourage the sad, but not depressing -- sad that a loved causes. bequeathal of eye corneas so that the one is no longer among us; sad that someone blind may see, as well as lifesaving in the prime of life has died of an incurable organs You don't have disease, or has been killed in an accident. such as kidneys. to be associated with a memorial society There is, however, an off-shoot of death that in order to be realistic and practical can be depressing and that is when a bereaved, about death, but it helps. (If you are shock-stricken family spends money it doesn't interested in obtaining memorial society have on an expensive funeral in order to literature, either write to Box 501, r influence rich relatives (who seldom Stn, F, Thunder Bay, or 'phone 683-3051). help out with the payments), or the s, the boss, or whoever and, conseErnest Morgan, author of "A Manual of goes into debt for months or even Death Education & Simple Burial" (Celo It's also depressing that when there available to pay for an elaborate Press), writes: "About accepting death -we commonly act as if we, and those we which means an expensive funeral) love, were going to live forever. money couldn't have been spent, But we are wrong, for all must die--nor can on medical research, or an we know when this will happen........... nal fund, or world relief -- if The subject of death has long been taboo money to be spent, spend it on a in our culture. This is unfortunate, ause. for death is a normal and necessary part of life. t wonder "Why are you including this Until we learn to face it honestly and accept it, we are not in The Northern Woman?" -- statistics living at our best" and that there is a higher and earlier we are to live with patience and gentleness and. te among men which means that wives love, let us be about it today, for life tlive their husbands and are, thereis short." ced with difficult decisions of great at a time when mental and physical Amen. re at a low ebb. Women should be Lucy Tett ways to avoid spending life-time or going into debt, prior to being th having to make what may well be expensive purchase in a life-time: a funeral, 'When you come to love tion to feelings of grief and shock ime of a death, there is also usually someone g of guilt. Those three powerfullyJ Does it mean you love feelings can persuade the most levelerson to weaken, to even tell the director "I just can't cope with all those less whom you ils - you go ahead and do whatever you best..." then, when the statement already love in the mail a week or two later, she y realizes that the funeral she hazily Or do you come to love ed cost much more than she thought it d will put her in debt. more & more & more (?) i 0 PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �Electro- shock is a type of convulsive therapy - used in our mental hospitals today. 'Convulsive therapy merely means giving a person an artificial convulsion. Electro -convulsive shock means exectl y a convuisio,I wfiat it sounds like brought about by passing an electric tirough a persoo, Shock was discivered as marry other hlleranies' were discovered; as a treatment of the symptom and not entire problem. The groundwork for electro convulsive Si locls was laid by a Budapest psychiatrist in 1935 by the name of Von Medusa. His research on 'schizophrenic' people (people who are out of touch with reality and a label which many psychiatrists apply at random) brought him to the following conclusion: Convulsions temporarily eliminate 'socially unacceptable behaviour'. He chose the drug 'metrazol' as a means of inducing a convulsion. The convulsions were so extreme that the result was the death (murder) of Very little is known about the other methods. Further, shock is long term effects of shock treatment, used as a form of punishment. If the yet the medical profession continues patient does not behave in a manner to experiment with innocent people. that is satisfactory to the staff, One study on the effects of eictrohe/she is threatened with more treatconvulsiveshock reports: ment --shock. Finally, after a series result of shod, one a 1. As of shock, the follow-up care is often experience confusion and memory minimal or non-existant. gaps .(loss of short term memory). Shock is given to an individual at 2. There is a decrease in one's the discretion of the doctor not at learning ability after repeated shock. the discretion of the person who is 3. There is a gradual lowering about of to receive it, especially if that one's level of recovery as the number person has been involuntarily comof shocks increases, i.e. ine memory mitted. There are two types of takes longer to recur. people in the Thunder Bay Psychia The lain. is Olaf eiectro convulsive tric wards voluntary 'incompeshock is nod because it works it temporally eliminates the 'had' behavior (symptmn) and, vvnen the 'bad' behavior returns....you are shocked again. The cause of the 'bad' behavior is most often ignored. It is ignored because a basic principle which underlies rnost 'tilerapY is many people. The term 'murder' is that of dealing with the individual tents' here because the individuals who died as a result, where unknowing and helpless victims of 'scientific are used and the individual's problems as they tents'. mani rested in a VOid, ign oring or denying social/co involuntary 'incompeAlmost half (48%) of all and mental patients admitted to Onta- rio's 17 mental hospitals were forciband economic injustices wi ach ;exist ly committed. The difference in the for the majority of the population. status of such individuals is the A few years later, in 1938, two Canadian psychiatric wards:. are voluntary commits her/himself while Italian psychiatrists took up the filled with poor prmitple, usually the involuntary is committed by cause. They developed a method of working people and women. Stich family or other institutions. The creating convulsions through the use individuals have been labelled 'moon voluntary 'incompetents' still have of electro-shock. The complication tally ill' by the medical and legal this time was, again, extreme convulthe right to decide what happens to the psyc'liaexperts on madness sions resulting in severe physical them, the involuntary have NO trists and judges. The experts Have ini,tries and in some cases, death. RIGHTS. In Ontario it only takes spent many years compiling a listthe of signature of one doctor to have A paralytic drug called 'curare' labels describing different 'types'you of committed. When a person retie was than intnduced by A.E.. Bennett mental illness. The most common are as a means of preventing physical ses to accept the decisions of the 'schizophrenic', 'psychotic', 'alcs.y injuries by paralyzing the patients doctors and staff as is her/his right, it holicipsychopath' and 'neurotic'. muscles. Curare further paralyzed is interpreted as a further sign Once the incividual has been catagothe lungs and heart and, as a result, his/her 'illness'. Thus even the people rized she/he is locked up, 'treated' many people died. Later less traumawho voluntarily commit themselves and then processed. The treatment in fact have no rights. One Canadian t:: muscle relaxants were introduced too often is electro-convulsive shock. and, once the bumps were smoothed CommuniLv Health worker states: out, electro - convulsive shock be- There are therapists who strongly agree that electro-convulsive shock came very popular. The reason for research'. should be banned entirely as they it'swick, popularity was economy. It was efficient and less staff were view its use as inhumane arid violent. ,eouired. Further, it was much easier The more conservative therapists for the staff to 'control' quiet and agree in theory that shock should be obedient 'patients'. used only in extreme cases where Presently, shock is a popular form every other method of treatment has of 'treatment' in Thunder Bay Psychiatric wards. As Thunder Baybeen is tried and failed. However, in actual practice, shock is often used the regional hospital, all of North form of 'treatment' as the only western Ontario's electro convulsive without having attempted to explore shocks are administered here. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �shocK- -At you're acting or feeling too Very modern and follows the current school psychological thought, that of modification. Behavior behavior mod. (as it is called), appears to be a very simple philosophy.: It says to depressed for your professional helpers they can shock We ink Out of you with electric shock. For the next few weeks or month alter tins shock treat mem, you'll be confused, 'iris oriented' (sometimes not knowing where you are or what time it is) and forget a lot of things. reward good behavior and punish make gigantic decisions, like, what mal breathing and color are re established (an ashen gray color indicates serious complications and should be reported mmedi- the trick, they'll give you maybe 15, 20 or more shocks until you cheer up and snap out of what the staff imagine is bugging you and them about it is atel y.) Some people may become excited andior combative if the nurse 2. tries to control them...therefore assistance or restraints may be you. But don't worry; your memory will come back in necessary about a month after they stop shocking you. Also a few blood vessels in your brain may have hemorrhaged or ruptured after 50-100 of these 'treatments', but you probably won't know it (until it's too late). some Since most people are confused and disoriented after shock... keep them in bed 3. 4. 2. jects are removed and long hair is braided 3. Dentures are removed 4. Tight clothing is removed 5. Person receiving shock is toileted and temperature, pulse and respiration are supposed to be checked 6. 7. Psnigs such as 'atropine' or 'dramarnine' are given in order to prevent nausea and excessive salivation Shock is usually given in a separate room so that other patients are not able to observe - especially those who are next in the line up B. shock, if so, more drugs An individtra may be frightened at the loss of her/his mernbry but the staff stands ready to assure the person that it is only temporary. (from a psychiatric nursing text, 1971 ) call it Why is electro-convulsive shock used? There are many ways of looking at this final question. As has been pointed out, economically electro convulsive shock is very useful. The majority of Canadian psychiatric hospitals are understaffed. Why? In Toronto in 1971; only 4% of the total Public Health Department budget was allocated to the mental Health Division. Since there are too few to handle the large number of patients, other methods of 'control' with quickly with the use of shock, and as a result, hospital beds are swallow her/his 10. The person assisting in the administration nI Ike shock holds the mouth gag and then puts pressure on the patient's chin so that fracture or dislocation of t le raw will be averted. behavior of mine, say drinking alcohol, is bad then he will try to punish like I am unable to find a decent job, not bite tongue. or lar behavior. For example, if a behavioral psychologist decides that a particualr are necessary. I be drinking for significant reasons, give them some A mouth gag is inserted in the mouth so that the person does the desired position. 'good' and what is 'bad', and maybe worst of all, what, is 'behavior'? The aspect of most concern is that people cannot be separated from the world they live in, much less their particu- ence nausea, dizziness, blurring of vision and headache following that the extreme use of drugs and shock have thus far provided a solution. Less staff are required to handle drugged or shocked patients, and in addition, less time is required in working with patients. Finally, symptoms are dealt A special jelly called 'electrode jelly' is applied to the temples and then the person is placed in is An individual may also experi- S. Food intake is either restricted or limited prior to shock Hairpins and/or other metal ob- behavior. mod. runs amuk because it must my excessive drinking and reward me when I am not drinking. This of may course, is dangerous because Procedures In Administering Shock 1. behavior bad following takes place: Respiration is checked until nor1. If one or two shocks don't do ever However, After the shock is administered the It seems them like my family is forced to live in a slum and my children are constantly hungry and in need of decent clothing etc. If the psychologist does not look beyond the symptom (drinking) he will identify me as ill and will try to eliminate my behavior, most often ignoring the reasons for it. Electra-convulsive shack is just one way of destroying people in our society. There are many -others, yet we claim that people are important. Psychiatric 'hospitals', 'prisons', 'old folks homes', these are the reflecting mirrors of our culture. These are the mirrors we see ourselves TN in. MOHN1NG .RAYIA THE SENIS C $H MALI/ GIVES TILE POLLO*ING THANKS; ELE LORD OUR GOD, ART THOU , KING OF THE UM TESE, 1 WA::j NOT hOHN A WOMAN. emptied quickly. However, this solu- tion must be questioned since, ac- cording to one article on Ontario psychiatric hospitals, 'In 1971, 67% was the rate of re-admission in the Toronto Queen St. hospital.' PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �rkrorNyl RrAart... 011BWAY 'NATO KENORA AREA iiii"ANOSIMMISMallitigevow,,,Tosvatteletut80,2467141Ma1/464,fiv 4aVotitamt..wmees..4onpAr.foxi....,sosisralt- THE OJIBWA': YIARRIDK) SOdETY STATEMENT The following is ihe Oiihway rior Socieiv giving 41 brit f (iniline of the hisior\ ;1 nature and role of ihe \y;irrior in outline of the pt'('( ili siruggle warrior society in Kenora. lin 4. }lib..., oTtry,wAy \.\.,\131.(totz I, Since the origin (Air cominualties, all Nations have had a Warrior Society, 2, The Warrior Society irises 10 protect ;Ind serve calf. communities in times of war and opiiVesSiOn, W'avviors come ()anti alliong-- the hunters, trapp'l.irs, workers, women and Men, young and olil, The Warriors fought the invaders, the Evil-Ash troops and the French troops and the Spanish troops throughout North America. The warriors have also fought the American and Cana lian armies. The Warriors have fought against all attempts by foreign pov.,,ers to destroy Our corm-nu n:tics and way Of governing ourselves. The Warriors have also fought in the Second World War in the Canadian Army against the Nazis in Europe. The Warriors have fought in Wounded Knee (1973) and in kenora and Cache Creek: (l971), 'cite Warrior Societies of ;ill tribes and Nations have loo ht on all fronts for the liberation of mankind vat for the basic right of every human being and every family and every nation against aggression. :U RI exploitation. The Warrior Societies of all Nations and all Tribes honour our Governing bodies 11111 Councils as well as the policies of the people. 1. II' there is no war, our communities respond to the specific conditions and to the needs of the people. The Warrior Society participates inbuilding the new society and works hard to build our Nations and our communities. 5. The 'Warrior Society is a tradition of all Nittioas, like that of the 11.1edicine Soc!iely, 1975: 1975: Interne Interna The Warrior Society learns from the Theory PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using aof watermarked copyLaw of CVISION PDFCompressor and Lessons the Land andevaluation from the Great that everyone must be free and follow the revolu- �19 LETTER TO THE EDITORS . When the Northern Woman began, it dealt with basic emotion. Many of us began to discover, for the first time in our lives, that the frustrated feelings we had were not signs of insanity, but rather of having to deny ourselves the rights: to be us, to admit we had an ego, to try to be whatever we thought we had the ability and stamina to be, and to be accepted for our intelligence as well as our bodies. The knowled-,e, understanding and acceptance that we really could be and do whatever we wanted was explosive. Sparks of new- found friendship and tremendous emotional support of one another flew in all directions, and ignited that almost-smothered desire for life in its fullest sense. That emotional support and accept- ance that I found at first over- wheimed me, then fractured the direction my life had been going in. At last I was free to take control of my own life and to set my own priorities. The North- ern Women's Conference in April, 1973 did that for many women, and out of that conference grew the Northern Women and The Northern Women's Centre, both of which supported and communicated with women as people. For many of us it's been almost a year and a half since The rIreat Awakening has taken place. During that time, many women have found the direction they want their lives to go, and have made a lot of progress. Their consciousnesses have been raised, and they have graduated from lying on their backs to the walking and running stage of development. They're now taking on the broader social issues (rape, abortion, conditions in other lands, etc.) wnicn must be dealt with. But what about the women who are not yet aware of why they are in the situations they're in? The Northern Woman is be7inning to reach above the heads of women who are not yet out of the babyhood stages of development. Co t PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �I'm not advocation a regression of the part of the Northern Woman, or even a slower rate of growth. caution. I do, nowever, suggest I don't want The Northern Woman to become so intellect- ualized that only the aware woman can relate to it. We must not for- get that we have many sisters who are still floundering in situations they don't quite understand. Women are still ;roping for someone, somewhere, who can look her in the eye and say honestly, without reI care. broach or impatience, "I understand. I'll Help." I'd like to suggest that at least one page per issue of The Northern Woman be used as an "open" consciousness-raising forum. There are many women who are still too insecure (or have other reasons) to participate in a "closed" C-R session. I would not object to a writer remaining anonymous if she so desired. be identified at first. It is terrifying to speak and As she shares her experiences and feeling, sne'll become more sure of herself and wouldn't remain anonymous forever {haven't we been anonymous long enough?). Also, suggestions on how to act and react to male-chauvinist acts and statements would be helpful. Example: Are YOU a Women's Libber? When I'm up. against a question like that, I usually ask the speaker to explain the term, and then I base my reply on nis/her definition. Sincerely, EDITORS REPLY; Your letter clearly expresses a concern many of us have been discussing lately. Are we relating to women who still cling to the obsolete social stereotype of helpless protected female. What can we do about it? Everyone agrees we need another conference, however as this is not possible, this year at least, we will start with your good suggestion of an "open" consciousness-raising page. We do have a problem though. We are getting very little feedback, in writing, about the contents of the newsletter, so have nothing much with which to gauge whether we are in fact tdo"intellectual" for some readers. Are they even reading it? We really are in the toddler stage of development comparelto some of the analytical writings of other women's papers. PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �s Re-p Aft-, We do feel the newsletter is bringing issues to light in hopes of making more women aware of some of the problems women are having, because of their sex. You are correct we cannot slow our rate of growth. We "can't slow the train" but we can reach out more effectively so that women can catch hold and ''et on board if they wish to. We hope, Deanna, you will share with us more specifically how you dealt with the obstacles and put-downs you encountered in order to "take control of your own life". --barb and Bonnie are anxious to get, the children's room in operation. All manner of equipment and supplies are desperately needed (a list is posted in the centre) if you have anything to donate please bring it to the centre or phone 6?07 for pickup., --Sita is moving to Macdiarmid (near Nipigon ). this month. She has a new job there and a beautiful hose to live in. She also has a. three month. old infant to be taken ease of. 3he weAd like to find someone who would he vii i ra to move with her in the role of helper -- to 100x after the infant and become part of the family. If you :know of anyone who might be interested in assuming this position or are interested. yourself, write to her at this address; 3ita 'ieierthal. Macdiarmid, Ont. or pho-e at --The funding we received for this newsWe would letter is nearly all gone. I ike to sontinue (publishing?) with money received from subnriptonti. 10any of you have been receiving. t'or: newsletter free We thin4 we are worthy of a of charge, Hope ,you do $2.00 yearly subscription. too, MTIi:;;CRTBE COIl. Sha.r :our news- letter with your frionds. too would liKe fo Perhaps they 345-57(,7. --if you would like to work part-time THIINIA-CHOLT and are a school psycholint or he- To Inc 'STEki':0 SHACK, Victoria Ave. who haviour consultant cohtlet raren i?hodes 622-7541. have refused to remove an obnoxious advertisement from their window... depicting a woman's breasts an stereo spea4ers. Breasts have one main functon and being wired for sound is not one! "1 --Next month 's issue will he dedicated. to WORi<ING WOMN=N and any articles, letters or personal experiences would be apprecPlease submit any material to iated. Box 314 Thunder Bay "P" by !'Th;v. 1st, or drop off at the centre. -- Watch for the "Northern women 's Centre" grand opening, near th(tend of October. To Helen Halet who was recently hired as Women's Director for the '2hunder Bay YVYWCA. Helen is also a very hard worKer for The Northern Women's Centre. irternational :kpmen'3 Year 1975: PDF compression, OCR, web optimization using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor �A MOUSE IN WOMEN'S CENTRE ! Yes, it's true (a female one, of course). ! ! I don't know how many are in the nest but I'm aware of one so far and so shall tell you about her only. She sat there, looking around at the women arranged in a circle. Sometimes she'd busy herself rustling papers, or scurrying out to the kitchen area, then back to the circle -- watching, listening, feeling uncomfortable about what she was seeing and hearing but too timid to do anything about it. That mouse is ME -- and I have a very icky feeling about myself for not voicing my thoughts and feelings at last night's Women's Centre Meeting at which Ruth Cunningham, Director of Women's Programs, Confederation College, was unfairly (in my mousey opinion anyway) criticized for tile way in which the recent' 'Family Property Law' seminar was run. The criticism came from one who, to the best of my knowledge, hasn't attended one of our Centre's meetings before. Some of her criticisms were that the resource persons designated as group leaders were not adequately knowledgeable of our laws; that secretarial students from tie College's Legal Secretary Division were more or less coerced into taking notes (one student per group) and, also, were allegedly told by some unknown person "It would be nice if you would wear a dress." I I appreciated having a non law-affiliated person as the resource leader in the group was An -- though she couldn't answer all the questions put to her (many of which were off the subject we were supposed to be dealing witn), she had done extensive reading and preparation which was more than the rest of us had done although we, too, were aware of the seminar months in advance. If a lawyer, for instance, had been our resource leader, most of Us in.the group would have felt inadequate and unwilling to participate. to me the main overall concensus of the plenary session: I suspect It emphasized that more education is vitally needed in tne areas of matrimonial, family and property law, commencing in the elementary grades. Regarding the note-taking roles of the College's secretarial students: these students were not totally obliged to be note-takers secretarial course in the first place). (nor, I am sure, were they obliged to enrol' in the Perhaps they saw this as an opportunity to practice their chosen field of work and, at the same time, as an opportunity to learn about family and property law. I think it was a beneficial and sensible arrangement for all concerned - the PDF compression, OCR, web optimization and using a watermarked evaluation copy of CVISION PDFCompressor students, the enlisted participants, the College. Coirtf. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Northern Woman Journal Description An account of the resource Northern Woman Journal Published in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Northern Woman Journal (originally called Northern Woman) started in 1973 following the first annual Northern Women’s Conference in order to keep the conference attendees connected. Initially serving as a newsletter of events, local issues, and women’s resources, the Northern Woman Journal quickly became a diverse publication reaching national and international readers. Not only did it serve as a newsletter to keep local women up to date on feminist issues in Northwestern Ontario, but also as a safe space to discuss women’s resources, law, politics, economics, health, racism, sexism, homophobia, feminist organizing and activism, transnational feminist issues, poetry, feminist reading, feminist art, and women’s diverse lived experiences.One of the longest-running feminist perodicals in North America, the Northern Woman Journal reached its end in 1995. Throughout its 22 years, the Northern Woman Journal was produced by its many collective members, with membership evolving year to year. For many years, the journal worked closely alongside and shared space with the Northern Women’s Centre and the Northern Women’s Bookstore. With the exception of a year-long government grant in the 1970s, the journal relied entirely on subscription fees and donations in order to maintain publishing, which presented challenges throughout its entire existence. As stated in an early version of the editorial policy, “only by a free and open exchange of views and opinions will we develop a basis for unity which can be used as a basis for action.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Northern Woman, Vol 1 No 13 Description An account of the resource The Northern Woman (Health issue) Topics include: Editorial policy Patient rights Birth control methods (benefits & disadvantages) The pill Spermicides Condoms Diaphragm Vasectomy Intrauterine Devices (IUD) Voluntary sterilization Male birth control breakthroughs Intrapenal device Penis coil Family planning Abortion law Equal access to healthcare Comics Death & family law Electroshock conversion therapy Ojibway Warrior Society Kenora Letter to the editor Local announcements & events Authors/Contributors: Val Packota Jane Field Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Northern Woman Journal Collective Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-09 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published on this site with permission. Language A language of the resource English