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                    <text>THE NATIVE ACCESS PROGRAM
OFFICE OF NATIVE PROGRAMMING
LAKEHEAD UNIVERSITY
1990-1991

Prepared for:
Date
Prepared by

Native Advisory Committee,
Lakehead University,
Thunder Bay, Ontario
March 6, 1991
Marie Pitawanakwat
Coordinator,
native Programming

�INTRODUCTION

The Native Access Program was recommended by the Native
Studies Study Group in a report on their activities in
1989.

In the past, Lakehead University had been approached

by Native staff to sponsor transition programs, orientation
programs and other services in order to assist Native
students to make the transition to an academic environment
and its demands.
The Native Studies Study Group had been asked to
serve as a study group by the Vice-President (Academic)'s
Office in 1987.

The Native Studies Study Group arrived

at a two year plan of objectives and activities to be
undertaken in order to examine and develop programming
of interest an benefit to Native people.

One of those

objectives was to organize an office for Native Programming
activities, which would serve as a co-ordinating body
for the Native Studies Study Group and would consult
with Native community groups, First Nations and organizations.
This was partly achieved through the efforts of Mr.
Gardner in 1989-90.

Phillip

Fdrther work on the organization of

community outreach and the development of Native Programming
took place when the present Co-ordinator, Marie Pitawanakwat,
was hired in April, 1990.
One of the other objectives of the Native Studies Study
Group was to implement a Native Access Program, such as
what was offered at the University of Manitoba, Dalhousie
University, and others.
•••• 2

�DESCRIPTION

The Native Access Program is offered by Lakehead University
to Native people who, for reasons which prevented their
successful completion of a secondary school diploma, require
preparation and orientation in order to become eligible
for admission to a first year program of studies at Lakehead
University.
The Program offers a program of studies, which, when
combined with tutoring, academic counselling, and assistance
in developing a support network at the university, provides
an atmosphere and conditions conducive to successful program
completion.
Admission is gained by completing an application form,
submitting a resume and an attached questionnaire.

Candidates

are interviewed by an admissions committee, who determine
eligibility for admission.

An offer of admission is made

to successful candidates, who then may seek financial support
for their entry into the Access Program from their sponsors,
i.

e.

First Nations education authorities.

The program consists of core courses which include
Mathematics 0140, English (ESL) 1000, and Education 0221.
The Mathematics course is designed to serve as a bridging
course which prepares a student to enter a program of studies
which recommends Mathematics but which is designed for non-Math
majors.
English (ESL) 1000 is a course which is focussed on
the communication skills necessary for Access students to
•• • 3

�3

enter a first year program of studies.

Essay writing,

report preparation, developing vocabulary for use in
academic settings, refining grammar capabilities and
presentation skills are included.
Education 0221

is focussed on study skills and

orientation to the academic environment.

Effective use

of texts, note taking, developing memory skills, reading
for retention and comprehension, dictionary usage, developing
basic research skills and time management are areas of
concentration in this course.

Orientation to the university

and the expectations of the academic environment are also
a focal point of the course.
The core courses are accompanied by electives which
the student chooses in consultation with his/her academic
advisor.

So as to become familiar with the academic

community and the university environment, courses are
chosen usually from a first year selection of offerings.
For example, Sociology 1100, Psychology 1100, General Science
0310 and 0330, and Visual Arts 2060 are possible options.
A student in the Access Program carries
instead of the normal 5 courses.

3½

to 4 courses,

This allows the student to

develop the social support as well as the academic support
needed to complete a program of studies.

�4

DIRECTIONS

The fields or occupations that these choices lead to
are:
- teaching, administration and/or counselling in
Education
- social wor~
administration in First Nations government settings
- individual entrepreneurial development
economic development for Aboriginal societies
- research in social policy areas, i.
e.
environmental assessment from a Native perspective,
land claims research, constitutional issues, and
First Nations government development
- law.

PROGNOSIS

It becomes increasingly clear that First Nations
governments will not develop without educated and trained
First Nations/Aboriginal people who· are cognizant of the
demands made by the dominant society of its members, as well
as carrying an awareness of, and pride in one's ancestral
heritage, First Nations world view and appreciation of
Native lifeways.
The Native Access Program is one of the mechanisms
which will facilitate this happening in the evolution and
rebuilding of indigenous societies in North America.

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                    <text>NATIVE ACCESS
PROGRAM FOR ENGINEERING
(NAPE)

•

As Developed by
The Aboriginal Peoples
and
The School of Engineering
at
Lakehead University
Thunder Bay, Ontario

�NATIVE ACCESS
PROGRAM FOR ENGINEERING
(NAPE)

•

As Developed by
The Aboriginal Peoples
and
The School of Engineering
at
Lakehead University
Thunder Bay, Ontario

�TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contact
Mr. M. Cohen, Acting Coordinator
Native Access Program for Engineering
School of Engineering
Lakehead University
Thunder Bay, Ontario, P7B 5E1
Phone (807) 346-7712
Fax

(807) 343-8399
(807) 343-8928

Preamble ............................................ 1
General Information ..................................... 1
The Selection Process ................................... 4
Selection Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Academic .......•......................... 5
Personal ................................. 5
Interview Process ................................. 6
Program Supports ...................................... 6
Academic Support .........•...................... 6
Personal Support ................................. 6
Student-Community-University Linkage ................. 7
Orientation Program .................................... 8
Orientation Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Program of Study for Orientation . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . 1o
Orientation Program Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1O
First Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Orientation Program Timetable . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . 1o
Orientation Hour • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Orientation Course Outlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
NAPE Academic Program ............................... 14
Attendance and Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Summer Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Academic Regulations . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Program of Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
NAPE Course Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
School of Engineering Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Flow Chart . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Admission Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Program Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Academic Regulations ............................ 22
Common First Year Engineering Technology ................. 23
Program of Study . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Course Descriptions ............................•. 24
Fall Term •............................... 24
Winter Term .......................•...... 25

�-1-

-2-

PREAMBLE

While at Lakehead University, students will have the opportunity
to follow the program path outlined below:

In the spring of 1991 the School of Engineering at Lakehe~d
University investigated both the need for Native engineers and the potential
for the establishment of an engineering access program for Native
students. The encouraging and positive responses from discussions with
Native organizations and authorities lead to the development of a
workshop for representatives from Native organizations, community groups,
tribal authorities and provincial organizations. These individuals including
local elders made a unanimous decision to proceed with the program
development in cooperation with the Native community.
Committees were formed to deal with the tasks of program
development, finance, and the recruitment and selecti~n of. students. As
a consequence, the Native Access Pr~gram for E~g1neenng has been
designed by representatives of the Nat,ve community and the School of
Engineering.

GENERAL INFORMATION

The Native Access Program for Engineering (NAPE) provides the
Aboriginal Peoples from the Province of Ontario with access to an
engineering education by providing an academic program . ?f ~reengineering instruction which permits students to make the transition into
engineering education. An academic, cultural and social support syst~m
(tutors, elders, counsellors) is available throughout the_ students' entire
education period. The objective of NAPE is to help Nat,ve students who
because of residence in remote areas or a lack of adequate formal
education cannot obtain access to an engineering education.

Stage One: The Native Access Program for Engineering

1.

2.

Orientation Program: a six-week program for all students
starting mid-July and consisting of introductory courses in
mathematics, sciences, communications, calculator/computer
skills and an orientation course designed to make the student
feel comfortable at the University and in the City.
The Native Acceaa Program: one academic year of study in
mathematics, chemistry, physics, communications and life/study
skills. The students academic programs are designed to suit
their ~eeds. St~dents who are academically prepared may be
permitted to register for selected regular engineering technology
diploma courses.

Stage Two: Engineering Technology Diploma Programs

La~ehead ~niversi!Y. offers t~ree year engineering technology
programs 1n Chemical, C1v1I, Electncal and Mechanical Engineering.
Students who are successful in the Native Access Program are
encouraged to enroll in the program of their choice. Graduates of this
program will be able to obtain employment as engineering technologists
or, if qualified, proceed to engineering degree studies.

Stage Three:

Post-Dlploma Bachelor of Engineering Degree
Programs

La~ehead U~iverstty ~as uniq~e post-diploma engineering degree
programs 1n Chemical, CIVIi, Electncal, and Mechanical Engineering.
These programs are accredited by the Canadian Engineering
Accreditation Board, consequently graduates who meet the professional
qualifications are eligible for registration as a Professional Engineers in
their province or territory of practice.
·

�-3-

-4-

The Native Access Program for Engineering begins in mid-July,
with an intake of approximately 15 students. Students who are accepted
into this program attend the six week orientation program which is
completed by the end of August. Students have about a two week break
prior to the beginning of the Fall Term.

THE SELECTION PROCESS

The access program is designed to allow students to make a
smooth transition into one of the four engineering programs, Civil,
Chemical, Electrical and Mechanical, offered by the School of Engineering.
Engineering programs are among the most demanding programs at the
University. They are mathematics and science orientated, consequently,
students should have a strong aptitude and desire to excel in these areas
in addition to a strong interest In engineering. Students should be
prepared to spend a great deal of time in independent study which can
take up most evenings and weekends. The program will begin with a
modest but demanding workload which will intensify with time so that
students can be prepared for the high demands expected of them in the
engineering program.

The School of Engineering is intent that the Native Access
Program for Engineering be successful. Consequently, it is important to
select students who have not only academic capability, but also the
desire, dedication and drive to become an engineer. The program which
has been designed jointly by the Native Community and the School of
Engineering provides the student with the necessary academic
background and confidence to be successful. Students must be aware
that instructors, elders, counsellors, etc. provide their best efforts but in
so doing will make high demands on students.

Selectlon CrHerla
The student should have an application form and the request for
reference forms for the Native Access Program for Engineering. These
forms are available from the NAPE office or the School of Engineering.
Students who wish to be considered for admission to NAPE must submit
all of the following documents before the application will be considered:
1.
Completed application form and personal statement.
2.
Official copies of transcripts from all previous secondary and
post-secondary education.
3.
Three letters of reference (from individuals, other than family, who
know the candidate well, e.g. teachers, counsellors, employers,
elders, etc.).

The access program has an administration, instruction and
counselling staff devoted exclusively to it. Tutors and sessional lecturers
are part of the academic team available to NAPE students. The social and
academic support system will be available to access students through their
years of study in engineering. The access program provides the academic
background necessary for engineering study so that Aboriginal students
can be confident that they will have the potential to compete with or lead
the regular entry student body.

In order to be considered for selection an applicant must:

Students are able to apply for admission to the engineering
programs while they are in the access program and be admitted once they
have completed the access requirements.

2.
3.
4.

1.

5.

Be a resident of the Province of Ontario.
Be of Native ancestry.
Be admissible to Lakehead University (see Academic below).
Have the personal requirements necessary to be successful in
engineering (see Personal below).
Be interviewed.

�-6-

-5-

Selection to the program is dependent upon the following factors:

Interview

Academic

All applications are reviewed carefully to select candidates for an
Interview. Candidates should be prepared to be invited to attend a
personal interview at Lakehead University. The Interviews are conducted
by members of the Native Community and Lakehead University.

The categories of students who are considered for admission to
the program are:

1.

Adult students: Applicants who are at least twenty-one years of
age in the calender year of entry, who are residents of the
Province of Ontario, and who have not attended post-secondary
institutions (full-time) for two years prior to their admission, are
considered for entry as adult students.

2.

Students who meet the normal admission requirements for the
diploma programs in Engineering Technology. The admission
requirements are stated under the section •School of Engineering
Programs• in this booklet and in the Lakehead University Calendar.

3.

Extraordinary Admissions: The University is prepared to consider
applicants for admission who have been away from formal
education for at least two years at any time because of reasons
beyond their control. Each case la considered on na own merna.

Personal
Applicants must have the personal qualities that show the potential
to succeed in the field of engineering. The following factors are
considered:

1.
2.

3.
4.
5.
6.

Recent involvement in pursuing educational goals.
Interest in engineering.
Perseverance in educational and non-educational tasks.
Maturity, stability and financial responsibility.
Commitment of family.
Work history.

PROGRAM SUPPORTS
Academic Support
The program instructors and staff assist students to adjust to and
become successful in their program of study. This involves academic
program planning, course selection, registration, tutorial and remedial
supports, study skills and an on-going evaluation of the student's
progress.

Students are assigned to an instructor who will act as their
academic advisor through their NAPE and engineering study. In addition
to excellent instructor-student contact inside and outside of lectures and
laboratories, the students are able to obtain the services of a tutor.
Tutoring assistance will be made available throughout the entire program.

•

•
•

Instructors, staff and tutors help the student:
gain confidence in their abilities
develop a hard work ethic
become both a team worker and an independent thinker.

Personal Support
The program counsellor assists students and their families with
the personal and social adjustments of attending the university. The
counsellor works with students to solve problems that may arise in all
areas of their lives, and to develop and clarify career goals. The
counsellor can also assist students in the following ways:

�-7-

•
•
•
•
•

•
•
•

Relocating student and family .
Locating suitable living accommodation.
Counselling on financial matters.
Arranging for personal tutors.
Helping students to make the adjustment to Thunder Bay.
Maintaining community ties.
Making arrangements for students to obtain advice from an Elder.
Organizing social events such as curling, hockey, baseball, family
picnics, etc.

The counsellor is available to the student at all times and students
must visit the counsellor on a regular basis. Regular visits will help the
students and counsellor to know one another and provide quality counsel
on an on-going basis thereby preventing potential problems.

Student - Community - University Linkage
The School of Engineering considers the student-communityuniversity linkage to be exceptionally important for the success of many
students. The student's program of study is perceived to be a cooperative
venture between program instructors and counsellors, the student, and the
band counsellors/education authorities, where applicable. Consequently
the following practices are part of the program:
•
information on student progress can be shared between all
responsible parties following authorization by the student.
community and program counsellors work together to assist the
•
student and resolve problems.
wherever possible community linkages developed during the
•
recruitment and selection of students are maintained by visitations
and other communications.
where suitable the student's family are involved in orientation and
•
counselling.
the team approach and the buddy system is encouraged to assist
•
in the strengthening of the support system.

-8-

THE ORIENTATION PROGRAM

All students enter a six-week orientation period which begins in
mid-July and finishes at the end of August. During this period staff and
students have an opportunity to get to know each other. Staff assess
student academic capability and, in consultation with the student, plan
the student's future academic program.

Orientation is designed to help students obtain information and

skills that will enhance their success in the access and diploma
programs. The orientation is informal so that students will feel
comfortable and gain confidence in their ability to succeed at the
university. The courses are designed to meet the student's needs but at
the same time to make certain demands with the intent to prepare
students for the challenge of engineering. Consequently, instructors
make increasing demands on students during the orientation period and
students are expected to do homework.

Orientation Includes courses in mathematics, science,
communications, calculator and computer skills as well as an orientation
course which includes study and life skills.

Students are expected to achieve 70% in each course during
orientation, prior to registering in advanced courses, otherwise they may
have to repeat courses in the Fall Term. It is essential that students have
these pre-requisite skills before attempting the more advanced courses.

�-9- 10 -

Orientation Actlvttlea
Program of Study for Orientation
Students:
Courses*

•
•

•

Learn about the profession of engineering through films, tou~,
guest speakers, etc.
Meet local elders to obtain advice and counsel to students through
the traditional ways.
Attend lectures In mathematics,
calculator/computer skills.

science,

NAPE 1090 - Introductory Mathematics
NAPE 1092 - Communications
NAPE 1093 - Calculator and Computer Skills
NAPE 1094 - Introduction to Engineering Science

Lecture

Lab.

5
3
2
~
13

0
0
4

ll_

5.5

communications,

•

Learn to use calculators, computer software, and problem solving
skills to do assignments.

•

Obtain assistance to find accommodations, day care and schools
for children, if applicable.

•

Develop study groups with other students.

•

Adjust to the City of Thunder Bay.

•

Become familiar with Lakehead University and learn about the
various services and features that make It an exciting place to be
a student.

•

Learn the rules and regulations that students are expected to
abide by in both NAPE and Lakehead University.

•

Get to know the NAPE instructors.

*The number nine (9) in the third digit indicates a non-credit course.

Orientation Program Schedule (Mid-July to End of August)

1.

First Day
Introductions and Welcomes
Description of NAPE
Question Period
Lunch
Registration for Orientation
Orientation Program
Tour of University

2.

Orientation Program Timetable

A typical timetable for the first five weeks follows. It should be
noted that additional tutoring and study periods may be scheduled,
consequently students should not assume that their day is complete at
the end of the schedule shown. Additional time will also be essential for
individual study and assignments.
The sixth week is timetabled by the instructors during the
orientation program to provide the time necessary for make-up lectures,
review, exams, etc. The latter part of the week is used for counselling
and registration for fall term NAPE courses.

�- 12 - 11 ORIENTATION PROGRAM TIMETABLE

3.

Orientation Hour

This scheduled period is flexible to accommodate program and
student needs but will involve tours, guest speakers, and films/videos for
the first f1Ve weeks. The student's spouse is encouraged to participate in
many of these activities. A typical schedule of events is as follows:
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Orientation
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11

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Week Three

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Week Four

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Week Five

Week Six

Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Monday

Study Skills (Time Management)
Tenant Act
University Services: Recreational
Bus Tour of City
Thunder Bay Services
(recreation, hospitals, day care, etc.)
Tuesday
Study Skills
Wednesday
Budgeting
Thursday
Guest Speaker - Elder
Friday
University Services: Academic, Conduct
Code
Monday
Community Native Services
Tuesday
Study Skills
Wednesday
Engineering Lab Tour: Part 1
Thursday
Sensitization/Rights/Harassment
Friday
FilmNideo
Monday
Engineering Student Forum
Tuesday
Study Skills
Wednesday
Guest Speaker: Economic Development
of Native Communities
Thursday
Engineering at LU.
Friday
University Services: Library
Monday
Health Services
Tuesday
Study Skills
Wednesday
Guest Speaker - Elder
Thursday
Engineering Lab Tour: Part 2
Friday
Guest Speaker: Native Engineer
Examinations followed by Fall registration and a
barbecue

�- 14 -

- 13 -

Orientation Course Outllnea
NAPE 1090 - Introductory Mathematics

(5,0)

This course Involves performing operations with algebraic expressions and
manipulating equations and formulas. Algebra will be the major emphasis
of this course, which Includes the multiplication of polynomials, factoring,
and simplifying expressions containing radicals. Functional notation,
working with positive and negative fractional exponents, and analytical
geometry will be discussed. The main topics are: combining like terms,
parentheses and multiplication, addition, subtraction, division and
multiplication of fractions, first degree equations, working with formulas,
graphing, lines, linear inequalities, absolute value, distance, integer
exponents, multiplication of polynomials, factoring, square roots,
rationalization, radicals, rational exponents, functions, notation, solving
equations and complex fractions.

NAPE 1092 - Communications

(3, 0)

The intention of this course is to prepare students to write a technical
paper. Students will research an engineering topic In the library, submit
a minimum 5 page typed paper using Wordprocessing, and make a
presentation to the class during the final week of class. The course will
review basic English principles.

NAPE 1093 - Calculator and Computer Skills

(2, 4)

Students will develop calculator skills for use In other courses nad
introductory computer skills for report writing. Lectures and laboratories
will be integrated to accommodate the needs of other courses. Any
programming skills involved will be in BASIC.

NAPE 1094 - Introduction to Engineering Science

(3, 1½)

This is an introductory course for those that have a very limited science

background. However, it is necessary to complete it before registering
for Introductory chemistry and physics in the Fall Term. The major topics
are: heat, applied chemistry, and magnetism and electricity. These topics
consist of the following units: the kinetic molecular theory, thermal
expansion, heat transfer by convection, conduction and radiation,
quantity of heat, the law of conservation of energy, fractional distillation
of crude oil, acids and bases, hard and soft water, magnetism, and
electric current and circuits. Laboratory work will be a major component
of this course.

NAPE ACADEMIC PROGRAM
This pre-engineering program continues the instruction In
fundamentals of mathematics, physics, chemistry and communications
which began In the orientation program, however the intensity and
difficulty increases as the courses proceed. The student's program
consists of those courses selected at the end of the orientation program.
Students normally complete NAPE courses within one year, and therefore
it may take four years before the student completes the technology
diploma. If students do not require the NAPE courses they can study the
diploma program of their choice with the assistance from the NAPE
support system.

Attendance and Study
The study of engineering requires self-discipline and hard work.
NAPE students are expected to develop the study habits of any
engineering student. These require:
1.
Regular and punctual attendance In lectures, laboratories and
tutorials in all courses.
2.
Completion of all assignments within the deadlines specified by
the instructor, and the writing of all tests and examinations in
their courses.
3.
Meetings with their academic advisors on a regular basis to
discuss their academic progress.
4.
Private study outside of scheduled laboratory and problem
sessions. Students can expect to devote most evenings and
weekends to a concentrated work effort.

�- 16 -

- 15 -

Summer Activities
Students who have the academic need will be expected to devote
the summers to do further academic work if they have adequate financial
support. Alternatively, students will be encouraged to work in an
engineering related job during the summer months. Assistance in finding
summer jobs will be provided.

of Student Behaviour and Disciplinary Procedures Leaflet and in the
University Calendar. NAPE staff assists students with questions and
problems which arise from regulations.
Students who find that they are unable to perform their normal
academic duties for any reason (illness, stress, family problems, etc.) are
required to contact their counsellor immediately so that appropriate
assistance can be provided.

Academic Regulatlona

Program of Study

Student progress and performance are monitored and evaluated
on a regular basis to identify individual needs for extra tutoring and
academic counselling. At the end of each term an overall evaluation will
be made of each student's status. The following criteria will be used in this
evaluation:
•
a student must achieve at least 65% in a NAPE course before
proceeding to a more advanced course in the same field.
•
an average of 65% in NAPE courses is considered to be the
minimum acceptable level of academic performance for
advancement.
•
students are normally be permitted to repeat a course only once.
•
a student who does not achieve an average of at least 50% in
NAPE courses will normally be required to withdraw from the
program.
•
prior to any dismissal, each student's case will be considered on
an individual basis to determine If there are any relevant
circumstances to prevent such action. Consideration for readmission requires a petition from the student.
•
students must register for at least four courses per term, otherwise
they may lose their funding.

Fall Term*

The student Is responsible for being familiar with the University
Code of Student Behavior and Disciplinary Procedures. It Is also
understood that every student by the act of registering, agrees to abide by
all the rules, regulations, policies and procedures of Lakehead University
and of the Faculties or Departments/School's in which the student is
registered. These matters are presented in the Lakehead University Code

NAPE
NAPE
NAPE
NAPE
NAPE

1190
1192
1193
1194
1195

Lecture Lab.
Introduction to Engineering Mathematics I
Communications
Study Skills &amp; Reasoning
Introduction to Engineering Chemistry I
Introduction to Engineering Physics I
Total Hours

4
3

1
0

2 0
3

1.5
1.5
15 4

~

Winter Term*
NAPE
NAPE
NAPE
NAPE

1290
1291
1294
1295

Introduction to
Introduction to
Introduction to
Introduction to

Engineering Mathematics II
Engineering Mathematics Ill
Engineering Chemistry II
Engineering Physics II
Total Hours

4 1
3 1
3 1.5
~ 1.5
13 5

* Students who have adequate academic standing will be counselled to
register In one or more courses from Year I of the Engineering
Technology program.

�- 18 -

- 17 -

NAPE 1195 - Introduction to Engineering Physics I

NAPE Course Descriptions
NAPE 1190 -Introduction to Engineering Mathematics I

(4-1; 0-0)

This course is intended for those students who either do not have grade
12 advanced mathematics or require a review of those concepts. This
course will help prepare students for all first-year engineering technology
mathematics courses. The course includes the following topics: solving
equations, linear, quadratic and polynomial functions, special functions,
exponents and logarithms, and analytical geometry.

This course is an introduction to the general principles of physics that will
provide a foundation for students who will continue to study physics in
first-year of the technology diploma. This course is designed to provide
students with the background that will enable them to understand
physical concepts, apply scientific techniques, and appreciate the
applications and implications of physics in technology and society. The
core units of study include: geometric optics, mechanics, and electricity.

NAPE 1290 - Introduction to Engineering Mathematics II
NAPE 1192 - Communications

(3-0; 0-0)

This is a course in English language skills, composition and public
speaking, and introduces the student to structured written and oral
technical communication. Word processing will be used for written
assignments.

NAPE 1193 - Study Skills and Reasoning

(3-1½. 0-0)

(0-0; 4-1)

This course is a continuation of Introduction to Engineering Mathematics
I. This course will help to prepare students for calculus and other firstyear engineering technology mathematics courses. This cour~e includes
the following topics: trigonometry, conics, sequences and sanes, and the
binomial theorem.

NAPE 1291 - Introduction to Engineering Mathematics Ill

(0-0; 3-0)

(2-0; 0-0)

Various components of study skills will be presented including: time
management, effective listening and note taking, exam writing, and library
skills.

This course Is an introduction to many of the concepts explored in
calculus. Topics to be covered include: limits, the definition of the
derivative, techniques of differentiation, and some applications of the
derivative, such as curve sketching.

NAPE 1194 - Introduction to Engineering Chemistry I

NAPE 1294 - Introduction to Engineering Chemistry II

(3-1½; 0-0)

This course is an introduction to the general principles of chemistry that
will provide a foundation for students who will continue to study chemistry
in first-year of the technology diploma. The course is designed to provide
a fundamental background that will enable students to understand
chemical concepts, handle chemical intelligently and safely, and appreciate
the applications and implications of chemistry in technology and society.
The core units of study include: matter, elements and chemical bonding,
and gases.

(0-0; 3-1½)

This course Is a continuation of NAPE 1194. The core units of study
Include: chemical reactions, chemical-reaction calculations, solutions,
and industry and society.

NAPE 1295 - Introduction to Engineering Physics II

(0-0; 3-1½)

This course is a continuation of NAPE 1195. The core units of study
include: electromagnetism, sound, nuclear physics, and kinematics.

�- 20 -

- 19 -

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING PROGRAMS
The School of Engineering offers a unique combination of
Engineering Technology and Engineering Degree programs in Chemical,
Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering. The following flow chart
illustrates how upon completion of a Diploma in Engineering Technology
students may enter a Post-Diploma Bachelor of Engineering Degree
Program.

ENGINEERING
TECHNOLOGY
PROGRAMS

Admlaalon Criteria

1.

2.

Year 1
Year 2
Year 3

High School graduates with the OSSD/SSGD with grade 11 and
12 advanced level mathematics and science with an overall
average of at least 60% may enter the first year of technology.
These students can complete a diploma program in three years
prior to entry to a two-year post-diploma degree program.
High school students with the OSSHGD or OSSO with six OAC's
with a minimum average of 60% and an average of 60% in
mathematics may enter the second year of engineering
technology. These students can complete a technology program
in two years and take a two-year post-diploma degree program.
Where:
OSSO = Ontario Secondary School Diploma
SSGD
Secondary School Graduate Diploma
OSSHGD Ontario Secondary School Higher Graduate Diploma
OAC = Ontario Academic Credit - for engineering the six OAC's
must include calculus, algebra, chemistry and physics.
Native students who have completed their assigned program of
NAPE courses with an average of at least 65% may be admitted
to the first year of engineering technology.

=

3.

ENGINEERING
DEGREE
PROGRAMS

=

Consequently, students who enter Year I of the Engineering
Technology program can complete their diploma in three years and an
engineering degree in two subsequent years for a total of five years.
Students who enter Year II of the Engineering Technology program can
complete their diploma in two years and the engineering degree in two
more for a total of four years.
Years

When students are In the third year of their engineering
technology program they will decide to apply for degree studies or to
gain employment as a graduate engineering technologist. For those who
decide to apply to the degree program the Admission Criteria are as
follows:

�- 22 -

- 21 -

Technology graduates:
(1)

(2)

Applicants must have a Dip/oms in Technology
from a Community College, Lskehesd University or
the equivalent with an sversge of st least 70% in
the fins/ year of their program to be eligible for
admission consideration
or
Applicants with two or more years of relevant
industrial experience must hsve s Dip/oms in
Technology from a community college, Lskehesd
University or the equivalent with sn sversge of at
least 65% in their fins/ year of their program to be
eligible for admission consideration.

Advantages to NAPE Students of Lakehead University's Combination of
Diploma and Degree Programs:

•
•

•
•

Students may enter the first year of technology with an Ontario
grade 12 education, and become involved in engineering
education.
Unlike most engineering degree programs which concentrate on
mathematics and sciences in the first two years, the engineering
technology programs have a greater content of engineering
science and design. Consequently, students will soon have
adequate training to work at meaningful engineering tasks in their
summer employment.
The mathematics and sciences are spread out over the years so
that they are taken as they are needed. In this way, student have
a greater opportunity to appreciate their relevance.
Upon completion of the engineering technology program, students
may obtain employment as graduate engineering technologists.
For some students this graduation will provide them with a career
after two or three years of study, a benefit which is not available
after two years of study In a conventional engineering degree
program. For those students who are "fed up with studying• or
who have uncertainties, this stage provides an excellent

opportunity to go to work and contemplate their future and
possibly return to degree studies. Students who are doing well
In their academic endeavour may choose to apply for the degree
program immediately upon completion of the engineering
technology program.

Academic Regulatlona
It Is the responsibility of each student registered at Lakehead
University to know the academic regulations associated with his/her
program. The student should therefore read and understand the
regulations for:
•
the University
•
the Faculty of Professional Studies
•
the School of Engineering regulations for (a) the Diploma
programs and (b) the Degree programs.
Each student should also be familiar with the University Code of
Student Behavior and Disciplinary Procedures.
Advice and counselling on these requirements Is provided by
program instructors and staff.

�-24 -

- 23 -

COMMON FIRST-YEAR ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

Course Descriptions
Fall Term

NAPE students who have adequate academic preparation are
permitted to register In Engineering Technology I courses. To help
students understand what courses are available at this level this portion of
the regular calendar is reproduced here.
The first year is common to Chemical, Civil, Electrical and
Mechanical Engineering Technology programs. After this common first
year, students select one of these technology programs for their second
year studies.

Engineering 1131 - Drawing I

(1-3;0-0)

Basic engineering drawing techniques, office standards and practices, fits
and functions of components and assemblies. Dimensioning. Use of
perspective and practice in sketching. Applications of CAD.

Engineering 1134 - Engineering Technology I

(3-1;0-0)

Program of Study
Fall Term
Engineering 1131
Engineering 1134
Chemistry 1060
Mathematics 1050
Mathematics 1052
Physics 1030

Leet.
Drawing I
Technology I
Intro. to Chemistry
Trig. &amp; Anal. Geom.
Intro. Calculus
Intro. Mechanics &amp; Heat
Total Hours

Winter Term
Engineering 1535
Chemistry 1060
English 1074
Mathematics 1070
Mathematics 1072
Physics 1010

1
3
3
3
3

Total Hours

3
1
1.5
2
2

~

~

16

12.5

Leet.
Technology II
Intro. to Chemistry
Technical Writing I
Matrix Algebra
Intro. Calculus II
Electricity &amp; Magnetism

Lab.

Lab.

3
3
2
3
3

2
2

~

_g

17

9

1.5
1.5

The purpose of this course is to introduce and apply graphical and
analytical communication methods. Topics include: graphical and
analytical solutions to problems in statistics; use of formulae and units;
introduction to the laws of conservation and their application.

Chemistry 1060 - Introduction to Chemistry

(3-1½; 0-0)

A course in the basic principles of physical, inorganic, and organic
chemistry for students without Year 5 (Grade 13/OAC) Chemistry or
equivalent. Topics include: atomic structure, the periodic table, chemical
bonding, the states of matter, solutions, chemical equilibrium, oxidation
and reduction, electrochemistry, introductory organic chemistry. (Two
lectures weekly: laboratory and problems sessions In alternate in
alternate weeks).

Mathematics 1050 - Trigonometry and Analytical Geometry

(3-2; 0-0)

Functions, linear and quadratic equations.
Angles, trigonometric
functions, identities, sine and cosine rules. The conic sections, polar
coordinates, inequalities.

�- 26-

- 25 -

Mathematics 1052 - Introductory Calculus

(3-2; 0-0)

Basic algebraic operations, exponential and logarithmic functions. Limits,
differential calculus, maxima and minima, related rates.

Physics 1030 - Electricity and Magnetism

(3-3; 0-0)

An introductory, non-calculus course in mechanics and heat. Topics
include: transnational and rotational kinematics and dynamics, momentum,
potential and kinetic energy, thermal expansion and conduction, specific
and latent heat, and the ideal gas law.

English 1074 - Technical Writing I

Analytical studying for information, logic and techniques of expression.
The student will be expected to study a variety of materials including
prose, business communications, forms and journals in his/her field.
Emphasis will be placed on the style necessary for technical
communication. The awareness of the complexities of technical
communication and the analytical skills developed through a study of
various materials will be used to improve the student's technical writing
abilities. Each student must possess a recommended dictionary.

Mathematics 1070 - Matrix Algebra

(0-0; 3-1½)
Mathematics 1072 - Introductory Calculus II

The topics of energy, statistics, graphical representation and computing
systems are presented and related to a student project. Graphical and
analytical solutions of dynamic problems.

Chemistry 1060 - Introduction to Chemistry

(0-0; 3-2)

Matrices, Gaussian elimination, determinants, Cramer's rule. Vectors, dot
and cross products, vector equations of lines and planes.

Winter Term
Engineering 1535 - Engineering Technology II

(0-0; 2-0)

(0-0; 3-2)

Differentiation of trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions.
Induction, sequences and series, the binomial theorem. Methods and
applications of integral calculus.

(0-0; 3-1½)
Physics 1010 - Electricity and Magnetism

A course in the basic principles of physical, inorganic, and organic
chemistry for students without Year 5 (Grade 13/0AC) Chemistry or
equivalent. Topics include: atomic structure, the periodic table, chemical
bonding, the states of matter, solutions, chemical equilibrium, oxidation
and reduction, electrochemistry, introductory organic chemistry. (Two
lectures weekly: laboratory and problems sessions in alternate in alternate
weeks).

(0-0; 3-2)

The fundamental theory of electricity and magnetism including D.C.
network theorems, magnetic circuits, D.C. instruments, A.C. components
and networks.

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                    <text>�AGENDA
September 24 - Scandia 1
9:00 a.m. - 9:45 a.m .

9:45 a.m. - 10:00 a.m.

10:00 a.m. - 10:30 a.m.

Dr. R. Lyons and
W. Linklater
Welcome -Dr. R. G. Rosehart, P.Eng.
and Chief B. Cheechoo
Conference Agenda and Tasks
Conference Facilitators:
Dennis Macknak and Don Robertson
Value of Career Oriented Training to
Natives and their Communities -George Hickes, MLA, Point Douglas

3:30 p.m. - 3:50 p.m.

Break - Scandia 2

4:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Identification of Workshop Topics For
Day Two
Participants are to identify topics such
as student needs/problems for Day Two
workshops

5:00 p.m.

Closure - W. Linklater

6:00 p.m.

Complimentary Dinner - Ballroom 3

Opening --

September 25 - Viking Room
9:00 a.m. - 9:15 a.m.

10:30 a.m. - 11 :00 a.m.

Break - Scandia 2

11 :oo a.m. - 11 :20 a.m .

Engineering and its Role in Society -Doug Stone, P.Eng.
My View as a Native Engineer -Derek Hill, P.Eng.

11 :30 a.m. - 11 :50 a.m.

12:00 p.m. - 1:00 p.m.
1 :00 p.m. - 1 :20 p.m.

1:30 p.m. - 1 :50 p.m.
2:00 p.m. - 3:30 p.m.

9:15 a.m. - 10:30 a.m.

Complimentary Lunch - Scandia 2

LU's Engineering Program: What We
have to Offer -- Dr. J.G. Locker, P.Eng.
What is an Access Program? -Murray Cohen
Work Shops and Reports-Scandia 1 &amp; 3
Engineering in the Native Community:
Discussions on such topics as
1) The supply and demand for
engineers
2} Why more native students don't
choose engineering?
3) How can the field of engineering be
explained to the communities and
potential students?

Opening - W. Linklater
Workshops - Viking &amp; Icelandic Rooms
Recruiting/Admission Criteria Workshop
and Reporting
Discussions on topics such as
1) Mature students; new high school
graduates
2) Geographic distribution
3} How to identify highly motivated
students
4} The Who, When, Where of recruiting

10:30 a.m. - 10:50 a.m.

Break

11 :00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.

Worksl1op II and Reports

12:30 p.m. - 1 :30 p.m.

Complimentary Lunch - Ballroom 3

1 :30 p.m. - 3:00 p.m.

Workshop Ill and Reports

3:00 p.m. - 3:20 p.m.

Break

3 :30 p.m. - 4 :30 p.m.

Summary Discussion

4:30 p.m.

Closure - W. Linklater

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                    <text>PROGRAM ORIENTATION
The Native Access Program in Engineering at Lak.ehead U Diversity expects to offer an orientation
session for the incoming students, where the orientation session will act as a transitional phase for the
student. During this time, staff and students will have the opportunity to get to know each other. The
students will have time to become familiar with the university and the city of Thunder Bay, if they are not
already. The staff will assess the students academic needs through course work and diagnostic testing in
order to implement a suitable program of studies with the students in the Fall Term.
Orientation is expected to consist of remedial course work in mathematics, science, English, along
with possible training in computers and study skills.
The intent of the Program Orientation is to help students acquire the necessary information, skills,
and self discipline required to be successful at the university. The orientation is for the benefit of the
student and it is expected that they will provide input into the process.

Specific Orientation Objectives
- To assist in securing accommodation, day care and schools for children, if necessary.
- To adjust to being a student at the university, as well as in the city.
- To develop and improve learning skills.
- To develop a good understanding of program policies as well as the policies of Lakehead
University.

1.

What other orientation objectives should be considered?

2.

What activities, both academic and social, do you think would be beneficial to incorporate into the
orientation?

3.

Do you envisage problems in developing a program for a small group of students with varied
backgrounds?

That is, age difference, varied life and educational experiences, making the

transition from northern communities, and gender. What ideas do you have to make it work?
4.

In what ways should the University program connect with the student's bands/educational
authority in order to help with financing decisions?

5.

How does the counsellor maintain a connection with the student's community since it is important
for the counsellor to be aware of problems, stresses, which might originate in the community?

�COUNSELLING

The Native Access Program in Engineering at Lakehead University expects to offer academic and
social support to promote student success. Cowiselling, which may begin immediately following admission
to the University, is expected to form a significant portion of a summer orientation program and be
available lllltil the student graduates.
The program expects to have a qualified co\lllSellor to assist students with personal and social
adjustments. The counsellor will work with students to solve problems that may arise in all areas of their
lives. Since we may attract students from northern communities we must identify, as best we can, the
potential problems/concerns and establish a natural learning/co\lllSelling process to intercept and alleviate
the fears and unknowns that can arise from students moving to a "large city", and into an University to
study the demanding field of Engineering.
1.

What adjustments will students have to make to be successful at the university?

2.

What should be the role of the counsellor? Who else or what other groups in Thunder
Bay can help?

3.

What qualifications and personal traits do you feel our counsellor should have?

In most cases the students will work hard, attend classes, complete assignments, participate in
laboratories and projects, or in other words, fulfil the obligations of being a student. However there may ·
be a few students, for whatever reasons, who are reluctant to do what it takes to be successful in
engineering. In most university programs such students merely fall by the side and ultimately fail.
1.

Is this process suitable for access students?

2.

If the program should have tougher rules and regulations than those of the university, what rules

and regulations do you suggest?
3.

Do you have practical suggestions, other than additional rules and regulations, that might be
successful in rectifying any situation?

4.

Are there certain conditions under which the student mtist leave the program in order that:
a) the student does not jeopardize any future attempt in the program, or
b) the student does not have a negative impact on other students?

�SOCIAL AND CULTURAJ, IMPACI'S

Floy Pepper, a member of the Creek tribe in Oklahoma who teaches at Rudolph Dreikurs Institute
in Portland, Oregon, in a paper on social and cultural impacts on Native learning style and the implications
for classroom practice, suggested that Native students are often:
- skilled in non-verbal communication,
- adept at processing visual and spacial information,
- able to take a holistic approach to specific topics,
- imaginative,
- likely to learn through observation and practice, rather than discussion,
- group-orientated, and
- more comfortable in the informal setting that allows freedom of movement.

1.

Do you agree with Pepper? What would you add or delete from the list? We need to be
concerned about this issued because while the Native students for the most part will be in their
own groups initially, they will ultimately join the regular student body. Can you suggest some
appropriate teaching strategies that can be used for the instruction of Native students who will
be attending university?

2.

'

What are some of the social/cultural factors that might influence the students learning that
instructors of these students should know?

�THE.SERIOUS LACK OF NATIVE ENGINEERS

The School of Engineering at Lakehead University is unaware of the exact number of Native
engineers in Canada

However in a period close to twenty years, only two Native engineers have

graduated from La.kehead University, and comparable numbers are estimated from other universities.
Whether the total number is twenty-five, fifty, or a hundred, it is still too low.

1.

Will access programs such as that proposed for La.kehead University be adequate to
improve the situation? What else might be required?

2.

Why do many Native students tend to choose career paths other than Engineering at postsecondary institutions?

3.

What common perceptions might the general Native community have in regards to
engineering?

4.

Do Native students tend to "shy" away from mathematics and science?

5.

What level of mathematics do most students attain in high schools? If it is not University
Entrance, what suggestions can be made to encourage students to take these courses?

6.

What role might the University or any other organization play to encourage students to
prepare themselves for and then possibly embark on an engineering career?

We must have your help on this issue so that the recruitment/selection processes can encourage
future students.

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                    <text>NATIVE ACCESS PROGRAM

FOR ENGINEERING

as Developed by
The Aboriginal Peoples
and
The School of Engineering

at
Lakehead University

•FOLLOW - UP CONFERENCE•

Valhalla Inn
Thunder Bay

Friday, February 21, 1992
AGENDA

9:00 a.m.

Opening - Dr. R. Lyons and W. Linklater

9:30 a.m.

Introductory Remarks - Dr. R. G. Rosehart, P.Eng.

9:45 a.m.

Conference Facilitators - Dennis Macknack and Don Robertson

10:00 a.m.

Program and Development Committee Report - Dr. J. Gary Locker, P.Eng.
• Discussion

10:45 a.m.

Break

11:00 a.m.

Finance Committee Report - John Nabigon
• Discussion

11:30 am.

Selection and Recruitment Committee Report- Mark Sault
• Discussion

12:00 p.m.

Complimentary Lunch
Luncheon Speaker -- Chief Elijah Harper, MLA for Rupertsland, Manitoba

2:00 p.m.

Recruitment and Selection
Committee Discussion with Participants.
• Detailed discussion of proposed literature, posters, etc.
• Your ideas on recruitment and selection.
• How do we link with your students?
• How do we maintain contact?

3:30 p.m.

Closure - W. Linklater.
Canadian
Federation

ELIJAH HARPER appears through the
CANADIAN PROGRAMMING SERVICE.

Federation ~ o f
Students
canadienne
des etudiant(e)s

FCE

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                    <text>Lakehead University_____sc_hoo_lo_ifE_ngi_·nee_rin_gThunder Bay, Ontario, Canada

Telephone 343 8321

Postal Code P7B 5£1

Area Code 807

January 30, 1992.
Dr. A. E. Epp,
Department of History,
Lakehead University,
Thunder Bay, Ontario, P7B 5E1.
Dear Dr. Epp:
At the September 1991 Workshop on the proposed Native Access Program for
Engineering there was:
• unanimous support for program development provided that there was involvement of the native
community;
• a request for a follow-up conference to report progress.
I have included a copy of the proceedings for your information.
The purpose of this letter is to invite you or your delegate to the proposed •Follow-Up
Conference• which will be held on Friday, February 21, 1992 at the Valhalla Inn in Thunder bay. A draft
agenda is attached for your information. Since the workshop in September three different committees
have been struck:
• a Program Development Committee which has nearly completed their task;
• a Finance Committee which is working to obtain supplemental support and awards for
students;
• a Recruitment and Selection Committee which has begun its work to develop the ways and
means to locate and select quality students for the program.
The membership of these committees is attached for your information.
In addition to bringing you up-to-date and obtaining your input, it is most important that
we discuss the recruitment and selection process because we still expect to have students in this program
by mid-July 1992. We plan to put the program before Lakehead University's Native Advisory Council, and
various University academic groups including the Senate within the next couple of months. During that
period, the funding should also be secured. We are on schedule so your input and support are
important.
If you are personally unable to attend, please try to send a colleague who is involved in
education counselling. You will appreciate our need for your early response to this invitation so we can
confirm our arrangements with the hotel. I am enclosing a response form; please fax your reply (807) 3438928, however, a stamped return envelope is also enclosed for your convenience. If you wish to arrange
for accommodation now, please contact the Valhalla Inn (1-800-268-2500 toll free or for Northwestern
Ontario, 1-800-465-5037 toll free; or fax 807-475-4723) where a block of room has been reserved under
the group confirmation number G2797.

.. ....... /2

- -- - - - - - -- A AhrthPrn T7ic,i,n _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

�,AKEHEAD UNIVERSITY

February Conference, Page 2.

We do expect representatives to take care of their own expenses for travel,
accommodations and some meals, as our funds are quite limited. However, we will be able to consider
some funding assistance to a very limited number of invited representatives if we hear from them soon.
Whether you are able to attend or not, we intend to provide you with a written account of the conference
and invite your input and reactions.
I sincerely hope that you or your representatives will be able to attend; we continue to
need your help to make this program successful and to provide students with the opportunity for an
engineering education.
Yours sincerely,

JGL:sc

J. G. LOCKER, Ph.D., P.Eng.,
Director,
School of Engineering.

�NATIVE ACCESS PROGRAM FOR ENGINEERING
LAKEHEAD

UNIVERSllY

School of Engineering

COMMITTEES

Program Development Committee
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
1o.
11.

Ron Dokis, P.Eng., Canadian Pacific Forest Products.
Murray Cohen, Program Development Officer, Lakehead University.
Jo-Anne Fisher-Wade, Lakehead University Native Advisory Council.
Laurie Garred, P.Eng., Chairman, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University.
Derek Hill, P.Eng., Supervisor, Technical Services, Mushkegowuk Council.
Gary Locker, P.Eng., Director, School of Engineering, Lakehead University.
Buddy Loyie, Chief's Advisory Services, Fort Frances.
Richard Lyons, Elder.
Rebecca Maki, Consultant.
Myrna Goodwin, Engineering Student, Lakehead University.
Floyd William, Engineering Student, Lakehead University.

Finance Committee
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Alfred Eli, Dept. of Indian &amp; Northern Affairs.
John Nabigon, Ojibway 1850 Treaty Council.
Brad Thompson, Ontario Metis and Aboriginal Association.
Gary Locker, Director, School of Engineering, Lakehead University.
Daniel Anderson, Shibogama Tribal Council.

Recruitment and Selection Committee
1.
2.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Murray Cohen, Program Development Officer, Lakehead University.
John Dudley, Northern Nishawbe Education Council.
Gary Locker, Director, School· of Engineering.
Patty McGuire, ·Native Nurses Entry Program, Lakehead University.
Mark Sault, Rainy Lake Ojibway Education Authority.
Ron Thomas, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada.

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                    <text>�Native Access Program for Engineering
WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS

Native Communities

I,

and

I
I

School of Engineering

I
I
I

Lakehead University

Valhalla Inn
Thunder Bay, Ontario

I

September 24, 25, 1991

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WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS
Preamble
In the Spring of 1991 the School of Engineering at L.akehead University
began an investigation into the need for native engineers and the potential for the
establishment of a Native Engineering Access Program at Lakehead University. This
investigation consisted of a series of personal visits by the Director of the School to a
number of educational authorities and other native organizations in the region that is
served by Lakehead University. As a result of the positive and encouraging responses
to this idea amongst officials of the Native community, the plan for a larger, workshop
format seminar took shape.
The workshop was planned for September 24 and 25 in Thunder Bay.
Representation from over two dozen different native organizations, community groups,
tribal authorities and provincial organizations was invited.

Elders from the local

community were approached in the traditional manner to gain the benefit of their guiding
presence and participation at the workshops. The major purpose of the workshop was:

To determine an impression of the need for
engineering education for Ontario First Nations People.

The Conference
The agenda (attached) was constructed to provide participants with an
initial introduction to background information concerning engineering as a profession,
general issues in the current supply of graduate engineers, the market demand for Native .
graduates, the value of native graduates to the future economic and physical well being

of Ontario First Nations communities, the nature of successful Access Models of university
education for native people and the unique structure and benefits of the Lakehead
University Engineering program.

Day One of the Conference
Elders, Richard Lyons and Walter Linklater, opened the proceedings in
the traditional manner, asking for guidance and reminding participants of the seriousness

and importance of the task ahead of them and of the need for them to approach these
tasks in a spirit of openness, camaraderie and good humour.
Dr. Rosehart, President of Lakehead University, welcomed participants
and confirmed Lakehead University's commitment to supporting the needs of native

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3

learners in Northern Ontario. George Hickes, a Manitoba native MLA, spoke about the
benefits of the University of Manitoba programs to that province's Northern development.
Doug Stone, a practising engineer with many years of diversified experience, gave a
comprehensive overview of the types of work engineers do and the nature of their
professional training. Derek Hill, a professional native engineer from the Muskegowuk
Tribal area and one of the few native engineering graduates from Lakehead University,
spoke about his own background and educational experience and the need for more
native engineers.

Gary Locker, Director of the School of Engineering at Lakehead

University, related the difficulties that the School has had in responding in to native
students and the commitment of the School to change that situation. He also gave an

overview of Lakehead University engineering programs and a description of the variety
of students which these programs now serve.
The remainder of the first day was spent in small group working sessions
dealing with issues relating to the supply and training of Native Engineers and the specific
challenges of designing an access program in engineering at Lakehead University.
Workshop recorders for all sessions were Rebecca Maki, George Boyd, George Hickes
and Murray Cohen.
The first series of workshops on the afternoon of the first day dealt with
four related topics: Supply and demand of Native Engineers; Why more native students
don't choose engineering; How the field of Engineering can be explained to the
communities and potential students.
Several related themes emerged within each of the workshops.

•

It was generally agreed that the further development of self government will
create a great demand for trained native engineers who understand the native
community and its needs.

•

At present, the lack of role models make it difficult to recruit and to explain
engineering as a profession; this is especially true amongst young women.
Since engineering is not as visible as some other professional occupations in the
communities, there is little understanding about the role and value of engineering.

I

•

There appears to be a lack of quality secondary education programs in some
communities and a lack of awareness on the part of school counsellors both of
the need for engineers and the importance of the mathematics and sciences to
the students. They and the community need to be better informed about how
engineers can improve life in their communities.

•

A series of actions are required to educate the communities and the youth about

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4

the role and importance of engineering. Students must be made aware of the
requirements and the hard work that choosing an engineering career brings with
it.
At the end of the first day all four of the groups shared their findings in
a plenary session. As a result of that session a number of additional topics were identified
for inclusion in the second day workshops. The day was brought to a close by traditional
ceremonies and everyone retired to an evening banquet and good fellowship.

Day Two of the Conference
After morning opening and prayers, Elder Walter Linklater took some time
to provide a traditional perspective on the educational and political history of First Nations
in Canada and the role of elders.
Workshops in day two dealt with a broad range of detailed topics and
developed a number of specific recommendations concerning elements of the access
program itself, including recruitment, selection, orientation, counselling, contact with
communities, support systems and academic support. These are too numerous to
summarize and are presented below in point form:
Recruitment Methods
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Advertisements in newspapers, television, radio, video tapes.
Use Native organization networks.
Develop posters for placement in stores, post offices and band offices.
Inform school counsellors and get their support.
Use every opportunity to couple career counselling with academic counselling.
Attend career days and high schools with professionals and other role models.
Develop brochures.

Selection
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Review the selection processes in place for similar programs.
Evaluate educational background.
Obtain recommendations from the communities.
Evaluate the personal commitment and interest in the program.
Use orientation period to help in selection.

Financing and Resources for Students
1.
2.
3.

Assistance available through DIA Post Secondary Assistance Program. Single
and mature students should be given equal eligibility for financial assistance.
Financial assistance should be flexible based on need. Traditional ways of
funding students has resulted in wasted dollars.
The link to First Nation Communities is very important to ensure on-going
sponsorship of engineering students and to ensure no undue hardships are

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4.

5.
6.

7.
8.

9.
10.

11.
12.
13.

14.
15.

created, i.e. late cheques, rent payments, etc.
Financial assistance requires that students be in place by April at the latest to
ensure availability of funding for September.
OSAP funding is available to students who do not qualify for funding through DIA.
Current scholarships available through the Post Secondary Program be
maintained and ensure that engineering students have access to this scholarship
fund.
Explore other scholarships that are available to Native students, locally,
provincially and nationally.
Approach First Nation Communities and political organizations for scholarship
bursaries.
Special scholarship fund be created for status and non-status engineering
students.
Approach various corporations or industries, Hydro, mining companies, etc.
Assist students in finding summer employment. A break in studies is very
important. Students should return to communities to work in the summer months.
Length of sponsorship should be flexible keeping in mind the students'
commitment and the demands of the engineering program.
Create an engineering education fund to ensure financial stability of the program.
Obtain funds from the private sector, political organizations, universities, colleges,
DIA, foundations, First Nations/Tribal councils.
Look at supporting Engineering students as an investment for the future rather
than spending dollars on consultants.
To ensure on-going financial support for the program, First Nation Communities
must have on-going involvement in the program. Continuous feedback and
linkage is crucial if this program is to be successful.

Support Systems and Communications
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
. 7.
8.
9.

Full-time program coordinator and staff should be hired to work for the program.
Entry and post-graduate scholarships should be available through the
communities/Native organizations and Lakehead University.
Role models should be available to encourage students.
Develop linkages with communities and Elders.
Provide assistance to find both summer employment and permanent employment
upon graduation.
Involve students in extra-curricular university life through a peer support program .
Provide assistance in finding suitable housing, day-care, schools for children, if
necessary.
Have an on-going evaluation of program: internal and external.
Establish a comprehensive list of tutors.

At lunchtime, workshop findings were presented in a plenary session. At
this point the workshop facilitators explained that they now felt that the group had had
enough information and had spent considerable time and hard work investigating the idea

of an Native Engineering access program and it was time to make a decision to proceed

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6

or to drop the idea. Each person was asked to write their personal decision on a piece
of paper and that the results would be announced after lunch.
After lunch a number of the anonymous written responses were read and
the final tally announced; a unanimous decision to proceed with the program

development. Since, included in many of the responses were suggestions for how to
proceed and offers of help, it was decided to remain in the larger group and begin
discussions of the tasks that needed to follow this meeting.
Four points were emphasized by the group:
1.

A program development committee should be struck, with strong representation
from members of this group and others to take the recommendations presented
here and begin the detailed development of the program.

2.

A finance committee should also be struck to begin identifying the necessary
funding for the students it will serve.

3.

It will be necessary to keep this group and others informed of continuing
developments as they occur and to call upon members of this group and others
to assist in the work of the committees and the further development of some of
the strategies recommended as time goes by.

4.

It will be necessary to move very quickly in order to target the beginning of the
program for July 1992.
Elders concluded the sessions with traditional ceremonies, congratulating

the participants and wishing them safe travels.

�------------------AGENDA
SeQtember 24 -_Scandia 1
9:00 a.m. - 9:45 a.m.

9:45 a.m. - 10:00 a.m.
1o:oo a.m. - 10:30 a.m.

Dr. R. Lyons and
W. Linklater
Welcome Dr. R. G. Rosehart, P.Eng.
and Chief B. Cheechoo
Conference Agenda and Tasks
Conference Facilitators:
Dennis Macknak and Don Robertson
Value of Career Oriented Training to
Natives and their Communities George Hickes, MLA, Point Douglas

3:30 p.m. - 3:50 p.m.

Break - Scandia 2

4:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Identification of Workshop Topics For
Day Two
Participants are to identify topics such
as student needs/problems for Day Two
workshops

5:00 p.m.

Closure - W. Linklater

6:00 p.m.

Complimentary Dinner - Ballroom 3

Opening -

September 25 - Viking Room
9:00 a.m. - 9:15 a.m.

10:30 a.m. - 11 :00 a.m.

Break - Scandia 2

11 :00 a.m. - 11 :20 a.m.

Engineering and its Role in Society -Doug Stone, P.Eng.
My View as a Native Engineer Derek Hill, P.Eng.

9:15 a.m. - 10:30 am.

11 :30 a.m. - 11 :50 a.m.
12:00 p.m. - 1:oo p.m.

G_omplimentary Lunch - Scandia 2

1 :00 p.m. - 1:20 p.m.

LU's Engineering Program: What We
have to Offer -- Dr. J.G. Locker, P.Eng.
What is an Access Program? Murray Cohen
Work Shops and Reports-Scandia 1 &amp; 3
Engineering in the Native Community:
Discussions on such topics as
1) The supply and demand for
engineers
2) Why more native students don't
choose engineering?
3) How can the field of engineering be
explained to the communities and
potential students?

1 :30 p.m. - 1 :50 p.m.
2:00 p.m. - 3:30 p.m.

Opening - W. Linklater
Workshops - Viking &amp; Icelandic Rooms
Recruiting/Admission Criteria Workshop
and Reporting
Discussions on topics such as
1) Mature students; new high school

graduates
2) Geographic distribution
3) How to identify highly motivated
students
4) The Who, When, Where of recruiting
10:30 a.m. - 10:50 a.m.

Break

11 :00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.

Workshop II and Reports

12:30 p.m. - 1:30 p.m.

Complimentary Lunch - Ballroom 3

1:30 p.m. - 3:00 p.m.

Workshop Ill and Reports

3:00 p.m. - 3:20 p.m.

Break

3:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.

Summary Discussion

4:30 p.m.

Closure - W. Linklater

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