244 10 13346 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/a6269f2b6b3b3dd7476b972b5e8357a2.pdf fc48b200a701e40c9e7d3b37bd57aec4 PDF Text Text CONDENSED Report Of The Conference l I • I I ◄ ,BRITISH1, FRENCH AND 0THEBS." I 11 1 I .' I , ' .. I I ', l ' I I ' I I I I 1 Lakehead University Thunder Bay Ont ado November 21'-23, 1969 I t SPONSORED BY Lakehead University Ukrainian Club Alma Mater Society Lakehead University Citizenship Branch, Department Of The Secretary Of State I �Table of Contents 1. statement of ~nference Purpose • ••••••••••••••• page 1 2. Precis or Results • ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• page 2 J. Conference Prograrmne • •••••••••••••••••••••••••• page 4 4. 5. Appendix - Reports of small discussion groups •• page 6 List of Conference Participants •••••••••••••••• page 13 �- l - Statement of Conference Purpose "British, French, and. Others" A community-university conference to discuss the ramifications of the Official Languages Act on minority linguistic-cultural groups; and the question of: CUltural Minorities in the mass technological society. The purpose of this conference is to allow minority linguistic and cultural groups to meet and exchange views on the continued development of cultural diversity in Northwestern Ontario. Along with the views 01· the English And French speaking dominant cultures, the conference will consider the needs and wishes of well-established ethnic groups. It is the intention of this conference to allow interaction among all these linguistic-cultural groups for1h- purpose of defining connnon problems anQ go~s. Further, the conference will examine some of the technological imperatives of our total society and will consider the theme: "Our technological Society, in wanting to make its output and consumption efficient, is intolerant of cultural and linguistic diversity. Cultural diversity is in essence humanistic. When it requests acknowledgement from the total society it challenges mass technological constraints." It is hoped that these discussions will give new perspectives and understanding in the identification of this area's rich cul.turallinguistic resources. �- 2 - Precis Under the initiative of a student organization, the Lakehead University Ukrainian al.ub, a confP.rence entitled British, French and 110thers'' was hP.ld at Lakehead University November 21-?J, 1969 under thP- sponsorship of L. U. U. C., with the support of the Alma. Mater Society, Lakehead UnivP-rsity and the Citizenship Branch of the Department of The Secretary of ,)tate. Over sP.vent:r (70) represf, n.tatives of 15 ethnic Groups took part in a programme which: first, allowed the representatives of ethnic groups to st.a.te their nP,P.ds; then, exami n~d the actual position of minority linguistic/cultural groups in Canadian soci~ty and, finally, examined some of the sociological and technological imperatives that govern the actions of our total society. The participants of the Conference exchanged opinions in small discussion groups; discussions continued as well in the Summ~tion 8ommittee which now makes the following recommendations and conclusions: I In view of the concerns that were expressed, the Conference invites the Lakehead University Ukrainian Club (L.U.U.C.) to act as an ad hoc continuing committee and asks that L.U.U.C. 1. Call an Open Forllr.l Discussion on January Jl, 197U .1 t LRk~head University for thA purpo~o of continuing ctlsCUtiSions on all subjects of intern~t to minority linguistic/cultural r,roups; ana, ?. . that th~ Open Forwn Discussions establish a permanent co-ordinating committee to allow Northwestern Ontario's diverse cultural linguistic groups to continue to express opinions on a.11 issues of concern to them. II The Conference was pleased to note the presence of representatives of the French community, and recommends that efforts be ma.de to gain further participation from all ethnic groups particularly fuglish, Irish, Scottish and Welsh cultural/linguistic groups. It was felt that total participation from every community cultural/ linguistic group would strengthen mutual respect and act against commu.ni ty cultural/linguistic polarization. �III The Conference expressed its wish for speedy release of the IV Volume of the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Bi.cultural.ism, and expressed its view that Govemmental. initiatives must be made to assist the positive functions of all minority groups. IV V The Conference expressed.deep concern about the lack of inf'ormation made available to cultural/linguistic communities, particularly in reference to: 1. The Official Languages Act and its long range socio-economic effects, especially upon non-official. languages and cultures. 2. The status o.f ethnic groups, in regard to: (a) The Citizenship Act and the privileges extended to "British citizens". (b) The Broadcasting Act and the lack of government initiative with regard to non-official languages; and, the use of the word "foreign" to describe non-official languages. The Conference expressed its opinion that cultural/linguistic minorities are a desirable an.a integral asset to C&nada, and fulfill significant and needed functions while taking part· in creating the character of Canada. It expressed a wish for the acknowledgement of minority cultural/Linguistic groups and felt that much had been done in this Conference towards specifying the measuring of Canadian citizenship through bringing together and highlighting the diverse citizenry of this area. ill specific documents, pre-conference position papers, transcribed speeches, and further copies of this condensed report may be obtained by request from the: ·Lakehead University Ukrainian Club, c/o Alma Mater Society, Lakehead University, Oliver BD&d, Thunder Bay npn, Ontario. �BRITISH I FRJ~ CH and I CYrHEP..S' Conf erenoe November il-23, 1969 LAKElfEAD UNIVERSITY, PORT ARTHUR, ONTARIO iHHHHHH( )f )f )t u-r~•,HHHHHHHHHHOf )f lf MlOOf )f lf ~ )f M)( )HHHf, DETAll.,ED PROGRAMME ~AY, . November 21 1 1969 6:0U - 7:00 pm. Registration UNIVERSITY GmTRE FOYER 7:00 - 7:30 pm. Press Conference by invitation FINANCE AMS. OFFICE OF THE DIRECI'OR OF COOFERENCE OPENING 7:30 - 8:30 pm. GU~'3T ADDRESS: Mr. N, Rebin, ROOM124 GROUND FLOOR, Cl!NTENNIAL SCiffiCE BUILDING Department of The Secretary of State Questions 8:00 - 10:00 pm. Informal. discussions and refreshments AE:3THETIC•S GALLERY, 2nd FLOOR., UNIVERSITY CENTRE 1 SATURDAY 1 November ~2, 1969 8:00 - 9:00 am. 9:00 - 10:00 run. Late Registration UNIVERSITY CENTRE FOYER ~ening C-omments UNIVERSITY CENTRE THEATRE ETHNIC GROUP POSITIONS 1. Finnish Community Indian Community Italian Community Polish Community Sl.ov.,ic Community Ukrainian Communi t;y 2, 3. 4. 5. 6. 10:00 - 11:00 am. - Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. M. X. A. R. P. w. Mannila Ml.ohon Morpurgo Zelinski Sebesta Kuzik Saall group discussions GROUP 1 - Rm. 128'!CIENCE HLDG. GROUP 2 - Rm. 128.2 SCIENCE BLDG. GROUP 3 - Rrn,·128.0 10: JO 8111. (Coffee brought to small groups) GROUP 45- Rm. 126. 2 n " Rm. 1~6.1 n GROUP 6 - Rm, 1~6.o " GROUP ---II!:========:::::::::=======-=---- ~----_-_-_-_-_-_-_-~~...:::-_-_~_'-_-~_-_-_-__-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-____ �-5DETAILED PROGRAMME CONT 1 D. 11:00 - 12s00 am. GUEST ADDRESSF,S: UNIVERSITY CENTRE THEATRE Mr• H. F. Dougall, CKPR Television/Radio Mrs. L. Shatford, French Section, Lakehead Board of Fliucation Questions 12:15 - 1:15 pm. LUNCH 1:30 - 2:45pm, PANEL: 2 :45 - 5:15 pm. J:30 pm. MAIN UNIVERSITY CAFE!'ERIA (Identification by plastic name tag) Dr. Assimi, Sociololr Mr. Bernt, Anthrology Mr. North, Engineering ~all Group Discussions (Coftee provided) UNIVERSITY CPl1TRE THEATRE SAME ROOMS AS OCCUPIED AT 10 - 11 am. 5:JO - 7:00 pm. INTEmATIONAL SMORGASBORD DINNER (It is hoped delegates will use this opportunity to mingle) MAIN UNIVERSITY CAFETERIA 7:30 - 8:45 pm. Plenary Sessims, Report by group recorders. ROOM124, GROUND FLOOR Informal diecussions and refreshments AEsrHm c, s GALLERY, 2nd FLOORj UNIVERSITY CmTRE 8:45 - 11:00 pm. CENTENNIAL sarEN CE BUILnmo SUNDAY, November 23 1 1969 1:00 pm. Summation Committee Final Report - Group recorders and Conferenc, Organizing Committee asked to be present. Open to all delegates. AMS COlJN(![L CHAMBER, UNIVERSITY CmrTRE �- 6 - APPFlIDIX Reports of Snall Group Discussions REPORT - Group No. 1 Canadian identity cannot be defined only in terms or British and French culture. If a unique Canadian culture develops, it will be a combination of the cultures of all national. groups, Canada must become more than a country that tolerates diverse ethnic groups. Canada must attempt to develop an understanding of, and sense of community among all people in the country. In order to develop understanding, the first step must occur among the ethnic groups th3mselves for there has been no unified approach among these communities. we propose the following: 1. The establishment of a govemmental advisory council, first on the local and then national level, to be composed of representatives f'rom all ethnic groups in our society. we propose that all ethnic groups be informed of' a meeting to be held in January 1970 to c11scuss problems and to promote common experiences for the ethnic communities as a whole. Thie meeting could decide on what action they might take as a group to promote the welfare of each, This would prevent each ethnic group f'rom becoming a "Ghetto" and would offer the advantage of their communities to a larger nwnber of' people. 2, We accept the idea of the necessity of' two (2) official "working" languages but we suggest that: 1, the m:i.nori ty languages be recognized by the Federal and Provincial governments as an invaluable resource of our nation. ?. in areas of Canada where there are large numbers of people who are neither French nor English, their language should be recognized and taught in the educational systems in these areas, a) If' there are enough students who w.i.sh to learn a non-off'icial language, it should be offered as part of' the daytime classes. b) Ir there are not enough f'or a daytime class then night clasees should be offered, or H"nancial assistance should be given to the ethnic communities to promote language and culture. �- 7 - Where there is a demand for languages in schools, they should be taught commencing 1n primary grades until the completion or high school, and offered as options in University. 3. with changes occurring through the reorganizing of Cbtario•s educational system, we suggest that it is an extremely good time to encourage the teaching of ethnic languages, and the histOl"J" of these groups in our schools. 4. In conclusiun we propose that all groups work together for the · building of a single civic centre where each culture could be shared by all. REPORI' - Group No. ~ Many aspects of the two themes WEre discussed and a wide range of views was the resultant product. The consensus or opinion in group 2 was that this cry tor nority or ethnic recognition" was valueless if the demand could net .. .n,ort it. It was the general. feeling that ethnic survival cultural.17 ••p,11i1r.&.d be an individual thing and thci.t standards should not be legisladue to the fact that some people would like to see rights maintained. • group felt that since demands for the utilization of government - -~.... ces, both on the federal and provincial level, were not made then government thought nothing or it and did and does mt respond to existence of ethnic groups. olds The reasons for no concrete demands being made are primarily Either the individual ethnic groups are not speaking loudly enough to be heard in government circles, or, governments have not made the effort to properly publicize available resources. ovincially, on the educational level, one hears so much about ench faciliti~s but very little about the availability of rvices for other linguistic/cultural. elements. At the national vel, (i.e. broadcasting) apparently infonnation has not been ■ seminated adequately for public consideration ana approval. After these facts had been consia.ered, it was the group•s that the conference co-ordinators recommend to the Provincial nt th.t the atua.y of languages, and perfection in other es is a "human value". That being the case, it was thought overnment structures and the educational systems (public and ) in this area ~hould operate in such a wa:y to see that ue is reali~ed. �- 8 Resources are available at the provincial level to actualize the above recommendation and it is the government•s responsibility to publicize these services to its public. It is the group's contention that the local Board of Fducation should itself become more acquainted with these government resources and subsequently make them available. to the people in this area. The Board should make the above comments a reality. It was also the group's opinion that a community panel should be instituted with the aid of the Provincial government to intensively analyze the effectiveness of French education in this area and to .find out what is proposed regarding French education in the next five years, and, what provisions will be made for the instruction in languages other than the main ones cited today by Mrs. Shatford or the Board of Education. This discussion group also wished to emphasize that they noticed that the audience at this event is made up, to a great extent, of young· residents. In regard to mass communication, it was felt that the Government of Canada should take positive steps to inform the public of the availability of Radio and Television time. In this area the local radio and television stations should publicize what services it offers thP- ethnic communities that are of non-French or non-British origin. The plight of the Indians was discussed to a great extent and it was the group's unanimous decision that this conference and other conferences of this type should demand speedy legislation that would place the Indian in the type of environment that he desires. There was great consternation aa to the won\ "Other", "ethnic", ''minority" when it is used in a general or nebulous way. It was felt that the Canadian census should ask not what nationality a citizen is, but should categorically inquire into what one's "ethnic origin is". In this way, this could result in a positive eradication of the negative terms, "ethnic", "other", etc. It was the group's contention t until this step is taken the burden of "second class -oitizenship" W'ald remain upon minority groups. Lastly, the group thought it imperative to view cultural ntity as a personal thing. If the people wish to retain a cultural nti ty, then they• re within their rights. If its own members make positive individual commitments to ensure its preservation and l»eequent viability as part of the overall Canadian scheme, the inuance of an ethnic group should not be placed upon the governto perpetuate through legislation. The onus is on the in<iivi• conoemed. �- 9 - REPORI' - Group No. 3 The follOlli. ng points were brought out in the summary in our roup. They were put forth by individuals and agreed upon by the ority. canadian ethnic diversity should be continued. In reference to point no. 1, the continuation of cultural diversity is both the responsibility of the general population and of government (Federal and Provincial) agencies. . , An office for ethnic affairs should be .established by Federal and Provincial co-operation. This office is to be concerned with thidc problems on full time bases with annual buaget a.lotmenta. Broadcasting - ethnic broadcasts on CBC are desired. Re FJiucation - facilities are available. Ethnic groups should alee demand on them. A demand should be made for ethnic anguages in the high school. These languages aay be taught as tional. though one pPrson suggested that ethnic affiliation was a dead for young pP-ople to be involved in minority cultural/linguistic ups, the majority felt th...t it was advantageous for individuals. eption was taken to the use of the word "foreigners" in referring the third element of Canada's population in the legislation erning the CBC. The following questions were raised. although no conclusions were reached. They were discussed d or could not ethnic diversity be related to economic ty? ople do not identity with ethnic origin, then what does one ? REPORT - Group No. 4 Governments should give encouragement to groups are in a stage of transition. ction is made between personal and public cultures. d likP- grants for language schools. �- 10 - _ Government encouragement to language instruction through grants. However, another person thought that this might weaken the ethnic groups. _ public should be aware of the desirability of various groups and their legitimacy. We discussed how an ethnic group could become more durable n a strange surrounding. could do this by: adopting the values of the North American economic and political system so thcit they could function in harmony with this society and so there would be no conflicts or various value systems. Cultural identity should not be a public cli splay and a conspicuous object but rather a personal and private thing. REPORr - Group No. 5 Di.scussions in our group revolved around four distinct subjects, rat was: the B & B Report and the position of smaller ethnic in relation to the new social and politic.tll position or the -C&nadians; th~ second was the discussion of economics as the ying fact governing cultural ana linguistic development; the discussion touched on the significance of legislating for one etic group; ana, as a fourth and concluding subject we examined positive aspects which argue for the continued need for and nt of ethnic groups. In beginning discussions, attention was focussed on the position vhich had been presented by the six different ethnic groups. It ed. the1.t the larger communities in the Lakehead (Ukrainian and ) took the strongest position in demanding legislation to aid developing their culture. This was linked with the eoncapt ritical number" i.e. that these communities are, in their own a "society" having 4. large enough population within them • .-oimm:mi."ties such as the Greek, with 1~5 families, are ethnobut are too small to have much impact on general social trends, were stated that diversity in languages and cultures make Bay a very stimulating envi.ronment. In regard to the official. a act the discussion concluded that, to prevent eventual. social ion, we nm.st either eliminate French as an official. language extend similar rights to all the Canadian languages. It ■ted that a dominant lofOrking language is a necessary concept other languages should be recognized on the provincial level. �- 11 - In discussing the state of the assimilation of the French language, it was pointed out that this is directly linked to the economics of English speaking corporations in Quebec. To survive economically the French are assimilating as are all othe~ non-English speaking ethnic groups throughout C.rmada. The meaning of the "Quiet Revolution" is primarily that a braa.k ie being made into the present power st,ructure. Language ana cul tu.re are only manifestations of this change, for indeed language and culture cannot be legislated. It was suggested that in fact this legislation has created many new problems (i.e. outside of Quebec) while Dlthing has been done to alleviate the basic problAins st.ill confronting the Quebecois. The legislation has "been catering to middle class aspirations. The vernment wants to keep the 'ship of st.~te sailing' . Governments no preference nor real interest in culture or ethnic languages." Discussion then swung onto how this recent legislation now the economic conditions under which other different ethnic ups now have to function. Fear was expressed that other ethnic ps will be running into aouble difficulty. It was suggested that to allevitite this, language privileges should be regional ana. according to population percentages. It was also suggested that re tolerance could be created for French, if similar privileges re now extended to other minority groups. Despite the benefits such a suggestion, it was reiterated that our society runs on a r basis (i.e. innuence in proportion to economic power) and not the basis of any morality. changes In conclusion, a series of comments were made in regard to benefits of ethnic groups, It was felt that such groups are ser to their environment and o~en still f'unction with vaiue ems which include "co-operation" and "help" - a factor missing dern technological society. It was felt that ethnic societies ~ more than materialism, and that these feeling of "ethnic " Arises out of a spirit of common history and spiritual ty. It was interesting to note that a continuity was seen n the contf,mporary youth movements and their search for a al, democratic morality and the fact that many of these attributes ready in Pxi.stence. in ethnic groups. It was suggested that much be added to c~nadian society if these attributes were developed read to the largp.r society. REPORI' - Group No. 6 The discussion began with the question "of what is the purpose Official Languages Bi.11 which was recently passed?" It is as know, to establish the fact that a majority of the people in ft areas throughout Canada are mainly English and French speaking, e does not acknowledge the fact that a good percentage of the in Canada are of other ethnic languages. In order for these t7 languages to progress and thrive, opirµ.ons were expressed need of a Minority Languages Act. With such an Act, minority languages of Canada will be able to apply pressure in those rose the country where the public wishes different languages. way, ethnic languages would have a guarantee ci>f support in ng their languages, arts, and cultures. With such legislation, �- 12 - financial assistance, properly owing to these tax-paying groups, would help in the development of these resour9es. Mi.norit.ies do not want to lose their identity but wish to retain their dignity, as equal citizens in Ganada. It wa·s discussed hat the advancement of the dignity of ethnic groups coulct .utilize xisting individual. organizations, but due to past financial limitaons this has not been possible. Minorities are looking to the future for the development of ir languages and cultures, ana the only sure way of doing this is h legislation. People questioned "Canadianism". They asked the question am I?" (with my ethnic background). "We must have something to iate with; if we don•t have this, there exists a lack of identity." Individual. languages could be taught in public and secondary s. Documentation by organizations would be a sound method of cing these languages into the school curriculum. Our group asked the qu~ stions: "What are the dangers of ting l11nguage rights? Ia pluralism a weaking point to the ution in Canada? Is it possible to have unity in Canada erse languages? Is the B & B Bill a falsity because of Fr':lnch groups in areas of Canada which are to b~ designngual which in reality are not ? 11 There were questions Does the lack of a single dominant language weaken the unity of Canada?" terest was expressed in Slavic stucti.es, but the adults s are not able to meet University requirements. tt was eueh Slavic studies should be started in Public anct chools, or at night classes such as those offered to to Canada by the ProvinciAl Department or Citizenship. group could then be able to improve and advance in their own ·origin. In order to advance minority ch organization must prove within their own area in ve. final recommenctations were proposed by the group: adults, who want to learn their own e·t hnic language stablished under sponsorship of Department of Provincial f Citizenship & the Department of Education (e.g. as classes for new Canadians). rences such as this one should be held in the future ar emphasis being put on inviting more young people ethnic groups to participate . • �- 13 - List of Part,icipants * denotes participation in Summation Committee Baratta, :?04 Hoa.ge Street, Thunder Bay P, Ontario. Potestio, 63~ Dawson Street, Thunder Bay P. Candido, 15 3 Woodside Street, Thunder Bay P. Wesley, 122 S. Marks Street, Thunder Bay F. E. Sabourin, 756 Rod River Road, Thunder Bay P. ~ence, 403 M:>rse Street, Thunder Bay P. Vincent, ~39 Balsam Street, Thunder Bay P. Spuzak, ?02 S. Court Street , Thunder Bay P. . Cameron, 320 Dawson St. , Apt. 1, Thunder Bay P. Wesley, ~70 S. Windemere Ave., Thunder Bay P. Karpiuk, 4?6 N. Syndicate Ave., Thunder Bay F. . Stat, 5?1 McTavish Street, Thunder Bay F. Lysy, 43g N. Algoma Street, Thunder Bay P. Frankow, ':?84 N. ~urt Street, Thunder Bay P. Cikalik, 419 N. Amelia Street, Thunder Bay F . . Procyk, 305 W. Frederica St., Thunder Bay F. . Si.kela, ~40 N. M:u-ks Street, Thunder Bay F. . Zelinski, 51~ Riverview Dr., Thunder Bay F . . F. Colman, Psychology Dept., Lakehead Um,.versity J. F. Evans, Psychology Dept., Lakehead University . Szal.owski, Province of Ontario. Observer. • A. Aaimi, 470 Pine Bay, Thunder Bay F. Sikela, ?.40 N. Marks St., Thuncler Bay F. Cava, 135 Harrison St., Thunder Bay P. Sebesta, 174 Machar Ave., Thunder Bay P. E. Moser, Lakehead University G. Wray, 130 S. Syndicate Ave., Thunder Bay F. Lacombe, 307 N. Syndicate Ave., Thunder Bay F. Woroniuk, 11~1 Weigand Ave. , Thunaer Bay F. G. Mauro, Prince Arthur Hotel. K. Hynna, 31 Margaret St., Thunder Bay P. •-·---a, 459 John St., Thunder Bay P. Jacobson, 21? Van Horne St., Thunder Bay P. Junni, 817 Michigan Ave., Thunder Bay P. TuOJTJisto, lfiJ Elm St., Thunder Bay P. L. Arnam, 45? Pica.dilly Ave., Thunder Bay P. • Perrier, 170 Carl Ave., Thunaer Bay P. • Kuzik, ?27 S. Hill St., Thunder Bay P. edori, 7615 Norah St. , Thunder Bay F. ale, l 919 McGregor Ave. , Thunder Bay F. :Utjhner, 361 N. Court St. , Thunder Bay P. ~ Slivinski, 15 Market St., Thund~r Bay P. .n.,achinsky, 14~ McMillan St. , Thunder Bay F. ffak, 437 Morthern Ave., Thunder Bay F. besta, 174 Machar Av~., Thunaer Bay P. aupre, 531 Catherine St., Thunder Bay F •upre, 531 Catherine St. , Thunaer Bay F. Italian Society It 11 Indian Friendship Centre It " " " " " " " " " " " Indian Friendship ~ntre Ukrainian Prosvita Ladies Choi1 Slovak (»mmunity Ukrainian Women's Organization Polish Community Ukrainian Women's Organization Slovak Community Lakehead University Italian Centennial. Hall Slovak Community Greek Orthodox Church Sec. of Jtate, Gov. of Canada Sec. of State, Gov. or Canada Italian Mutual Benefit Society Findlandi~ Club Finnish Community Finnish National Society Finnish National Society Central Comm. of Firmish Societ Finnish Community e Ladies of Kaleva Ukrainian Canadian Committee Ukrainian Professional and Business Men•s Club "fl II Ukrainian Conummity Slovak Co:rmnuni ty Slovak Community French Canadian Club French Cana.dian al.ub �- 14 - E. C. F. A. n. K. J. Kolisnyk, 9~1 McIntosh St., Thunder Bay F. J. Bell, 4-309 N. Algoma St., Thunder Bay P. * Soughton, ~3 Hudson Drive, Terrace Bay, Ont. R. Morpurgo, ?11 Whalen St. , Thun\Aer Bay P. * Protz, 107 S. Algonquin St., Thunder Bay P. Frankow, ?84 N. Court St., Thunder Bay P. Frigeri, "37 S. Waterloo St. , Thunder Bay F. A. Petryshyn, 115 Cumming St. , Thunder Bay F. * M. ObljubeU, 74 Prospect Ave., Thunaer Bay P. * H. Groh, Dept. of M~themetics, Lakehead University p. Shelepiuk, l~0 Syndicate Ave. , Thunder Bay F. P. L~o, R.R . No. ~, Thunder Bay P. S. Plesa, ,db Pearl St,., ThundP-..1. Bay P. 1~ L. Lahtinen, 10,1 Valley St., Thunder Bay P. * Ru"h J. Lahti, 346 Foley St., Thunder Bay P. * Dr. Bohdan lt"htl, 700 Bessie Ave., Thunder B,gy F_. * Michael Jawchuk, ?10 W. Walsh St., Thunder Bay F. * StAphanie Myhal, 700 Bessie Ave., Thunder Bay F. Dante Alighieri S:>ciety Polish Youth Club Ladies Veneta Society - Italian Ukrainian National Federation Slovenian Cultural Society German Ciommunity Ukrainian Prosvita Society Finnish Community Croatian S:>ciety "Reipas" Sports Club Finnish Communi t7 Ukrainian Community Ukrainian National Federation Ukrainian Community Planning Committee {Lakehead University Ukrainian Club) Richard Zeleny Roman Solowka Patricia Tront Anne Ba.ranowich Stephanie lbyko Miriam lhgara Anna Dygun Thor Dzi adyk Ted Kolisnyk Luba Kostrakewich * Walter Petryshyn * Rom.m Petryshyn Ann Piruckyj * Marcus Sl.otuik Roman Staranczak Sandra Thomson * Barbara Tront Ron Yashchysyn St an Zablocki Diane Zadorozny �\ ] I � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lakehead University Collection Description An account of the resource Photographs from Lakehead University's history: people, events, and campus. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conference: British, French, and "Others" Subject The topic of the resource Universities Description An account of the resource Report on the conference "English, French, and 'Others' : conference held at Lakehead University, November 21-23, 1969. The Official Languages Act is a significant subject. Includes statement of purpose, results, program, and conference participants. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lakehead University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Port Arthur https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/62613d77e5bb86bbc1ec61b8d591cc0c.jpeg 07008b6d34b6d205e9e9a90586b47ad0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Confirmation Class Subject The topic of the resource Churches People Description An account of the resource Confirmation Class, Nolalu Lutheran Church at Rientola Hall, Nolalu, Ontario, 1933. People in photo: Arne Annala, Norman Annala. Donor: N. Annala. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1933 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D13Di87 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Nolalu Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/67043df0af8f5cddddf71ecb8cf481d9.jpeg 89167c92964332bfab4ddfe1650be0f2 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/020d2b0887b6e916562eeeca8346b978.jpeg 9da906ec5e3b9f74d7f7d0d7265da8ed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Confirmation Class Subject The topic of the resource Churches People Description An account of the resource Confirmation Class, Nolalu Lutheran Church, Nolalu, Ontario, 1939. People in photo: Pastor J. E. Nopola (from the Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church, Thunder Bay). Donor: Mrs. Gerti Maki. 2 copies. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1939 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D13Di88 MG8_D13Di88a Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Nolalu https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/ced19a0c382c798098a0275f43f7002e.jpeg 494613540bcbf9e7b89191b8a62dd087 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Confirmation Class Subject The topic of the resource People Churches Description An account of the resource Confirmation Class, Nolalu Lutheran Church, Nolalu, Ontario. People in photo: (order unknown) Pastor Hirvi (from Port Arthur), Charlie Pelto, Ethel Oja, Lilly Savela, Ray Jacobson, Karlo Heinonen, Laimi Seppala, Viola Valiaho, Bill Harri, Elmer Valiaho. Donor: Karila. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D13Di88-1 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Nolalu https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/1b3ea1c045a21f5d28d98aa531ddb933.jpeg 49f4897a1b57a899404cc59df2f01cba Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Confirmation Class Subject The topic of the resource Churches People Description An account of the resource Confirmation Class, Finnish Free Church, John Street, Thunder Bay, 1967. Donor: Rytkonen. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1967 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D14Di129 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Thunder Bay https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/7891cc97e2adbec119f35b38c8886f8a.jpeg aa7f39f9eb858e37eaee8c93dd5e6b9b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Confirmation Class Subject The topic of the resource Churches People Description An account of the resource Confirmation Class, Finnish Free Church, John Street, Thunder Bay, 1967. People in photo: Pastor Usko Murtonen. Donor: Rytkonen. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1967 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D14Di130 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Thunder Bay https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/d3a6b8a20ad4d4bde2b4d881c30da1e3.jpg 41ea4a0fdd98ee4b5732b85c370e743f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Confirmation class Subject The topic of the resource Churches People Description An account of the resource Confirmation class. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D25Di189 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/0e0c8e34df001e1e18c33a316efac004.jpg d574321fae840ec488f42662ce44db73 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Confirmation class Subject The topic of the resource Churches People Description An account of the resource Confirmation class. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D25Di191 https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/ac13d4ea34df00356de35b26a6683e4b.jpg 04494165546d2c724291f861bdc2d36d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Confirmation class posing in front of Port Arthur Collegiate Institute, Thunder Bay Subject The topic of the resource Churches People Description An account of the resource Confirmation class posing in front of Port Arthur Collegiate Institute, Thunder Bay. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D25Di190 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Thunder Bay https://digitalcollections.lakeheadu.ca/files/original/3eaa845c768714d882dc1056471f523b.jpeg 7282a5ab6758635e8db5cab189e5502f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Collection Subject The topic of the resource Finnish-Canadians Life in Thunder Bay Description An account of the resource Photographs collected by the Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society from a wide range of collectors, documenting Finnish immigration to and life in Thunder Bay. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thunder Bay Finnish Canadian Historical Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lakehead University Library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Confirmation Class, Christ Lutheran Church Subject The topic of the resource Churches People Description An account of the resource Confirmation Class, Christ Lutheran Church, Walkover Street, Thunder Bay, 1970. People in photo: Pastor Clark Wilkie. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MG8_D13Di94 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Canada - Ontario - Thunder Bay