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                    <text>Act Globally!

Volume 19
Issue 2

Friday, September 22, 2006

Summer 2006
Inside this issue:

Stephen Lewis - AIDS in Africa

Fundraising News

2

Fundraising
continued

3

Thunder Bay Community Auditorium 7:30 p.m.

Education Update

4

Adults $25 Students $15 proceeds to the Stephen Lewis Foundation
presented by Friends of Africa – Thunder Bay

Support Services

5

News from the
Volunteer
Department

6

Here and There...

7

Parting glance

8

Consider Supporting
Our Supporters
The "Wheels To Win" Raffle has
substantial support from local
businesses. They have gone the
extra mile to make this raffle work
for AIDS Thunder Bay. So, if you
can, consider supporting our
supporters. If you are in the
market for a bicycle or a tune-up
for the one you already own,
please consider Brian Coutts and
his independent, family-owned
and run local bike shop: Rollin'
Thunder on Algoma Street. If you
want a skate board, consider Sport
Mart. If you have printing needs,
give a call to Print Pros. And, if
you can consider purchasing a new
vehicle, please consider Honda
vehicles at Gore Motors. All of
these local businesses are working
to make our raffle work. We
thank them.

Come out to hear Stephen Lewis talk
about AIDS in Africa. A powerful and
impassioned speaker, Mr. Lewis is
Chair of the Stephen Lewis
Foundation, author of the national
bestseller Race Against Time and
U.N. Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in
Africa. A lifelong social democrat and
diplomat, he has focused much of his
humanitarian efforts on the African continent. (See Page 4)

Act Locally!
Sunday, September 24, 2006

AIDS Walk for Life
574 Memorial Avenue 12:00 (noon)
presented by AIDS Thunder Bay
proceeds to support AIDS Thunder Bay programs and services
Collect pledges, make a donation, join
the fun , win prizes, while you support
the work of AIDS Thunder Bay. This
is our major annual fundraising event,
held in common with communities
across the country. This year join us
at our new location at 574 memorial
Avenue. (See page 2)

�Twenty-five years, over sixty-thousand reported cases in Canada. It’s true, AIDS is still going
places. That’s why AIDS Thunder Bay needs your
help to get the 2006 AIDS Walk going places as well!
This year’s theme of Going Places will be reflected in every aspect of the Walk. The route, the location, the entertainment, and especially the prizes!
It’s an exciting time. In partnership with TBaytel we
plan on making this year’s walk something that everyone will truly remember.
It’s about going, about taking that extra step
for someone you care about. In some way we are all
affected by HIV/AIDS. This is why we ask you to
please help those that are truly in need by raising
funds and walking our new route with us. Remember
that all money raised stays right here in Thunder Bay
to support AIDS Thunder Bay’s many programs and
services.
Visit us at www.aidsthunderbay.org to register
online.
Page 2

Win One Of These Great Prizes
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Trip for two to any Canadian Westjet destination.
$50 Gift Certificate to the White Fox Inn
Trip for two to any Ontario and/or Manitoba
Greyhound destination
Doggy Care Package from Snip’n’Clip
Car Rental from Enterprise Rent-A-Car
$100 Gift Certificate to Bistro One
Mp3 Player from The Power Center
Gift Certificate to Fresh Air Experience
Complete luggage set from Zellers
Golf Package from Dragon Hills Golf Course and
Thunder Bay Travel
$50 Gift Certificate to The Madhouse
Thunder Bay Golf Dome winning Team Prize
Doggy Care Package from Snip N’ Clip and
JudyMade Pet Accessories
Gift Certificates from The Madhouse, Silver City,
Boston Pizza and MORE!

�The New Route
This years AIDS Walk For Life will take place
Sunday, September 24, 2006 at 12 noon in AIDS Thunder Bay’s new office. Located at 574 Memorial Avenue
this high profile route will consist of a 4.5 km walk
around Beverly St, Balmoral Ave, Oliver Rd, and finally
down Memorial Ave ending at our office, where everyone will be invited in for a cold drink, some snacks and
the awards ceremony (Including the Wheels To Win
$1000 CASH early bird draw!)

Who couldn’t use it? Who doesn’t want it!? Sunday, September 24, 2006 at the AIDS Walk For Life we will be
giving away $1000 Cash in our Wheels To Win Early Bird
draw.
Tickets will be available right up until the draw. So if you
don’t have yours call (807) 345-1516 or visit the website
www.aidsthunderbay.org to find out how you can drive off
with a cool $1000 cash!
Wheels To Win Raffle:
Grand Prize: 2006 Honda Ridgeline
2nd Prize: Rocky Mountain Trailhead Mountain Bike
3rd Prize: Krown Skateboard
Tickets only $20!!
Only 6,000 tickets printed

Incentives to Walk
AIDS Thunder Bay’s incentive program is a way for us to thank you
for your hard work and support in
the fight against HIV/AIDS.

$20-149
2006 AIDS Walk for Life TShirt!
$150-299
2006 T-Shirt, coffee from
Calico’s Coffee House
$300 +
Above incentives and $20
Gift Certificate for Amazon.ca
Thank You To All Of Our Current Sponsors!

Janzen’s Pharmacy

Page 3

�EDUCATION UPDATE
Stephen Lewis – AIDS in Africa
AIDS Thunder Bay is pleased to be working with Friends of Africa – Thunder Bay who are bringing in Stephen
Lewis to speak on AIDS in Africa. He will be at the Community Auditorium on Friday, September 22 at 7:30
p.m. Tickets are only $25 for adults and $15 for students and are available at the Thunder Bay Community
Auditorium. As UN special envoy for AIDS in Africa, Mr. Lewis has been a tireless and passionate advocate,
challenging the world and world governments to act to address the desperate situation in Africa. Mr. Lewis is
an eloquent speaker, moving audiences with the strength and clarity of his convictions.
Leader of the Ontario New Democratic Party for eight years, during which time he became leader of the
Official Opposition, he also served as Canadian Ambassador to the United Nations, and as the Deputy
Executive Director of UNICEF in New York. The Stephen Lewis Foundation, of which he is the director, is
dedicated to easing the pain of HIV/AIDS in Africa. Mr. Lewis is also currently a Commissioner for the World
Health Organization's Commission on the Social Determinants of Health.
Based on the 2005 Massey Lectures, Mr. Lewis’s book Race Against Time conveys his determination to bear
witness to the desperate plight of so many in Africa and elsewhere, balanced by his unique, personal, and
searing insider’s perspective on the global failure to help.
The evening of September 22 promises to be a powerful and moving event highlighting the global situation on
the HIV/AIDS pandemic, so be sure to mark it on your calendar. Then come out and support the local AIDS
Walk for Life on Sunday, September 24. Act globally! Act locally!

Social Marketing Campaigns
There have been two major social marketing events in Thunder Bay this summer. The Be Real campaign targets gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men. The Keep It Alive campaign targets the African and
Caribbean communities. Both of these campaigns are province-wide campaigns. Although the campaigns target specific communities, the messages are applicable to us all.

Page 4

�Support Services Update

The 15th Annual
Opening Doors HIV/AIDS Counselling Conference
AIDS Thunder Bay is proud to be presenting the 15th Annual Opening Doors HIV/AIDS Counselling Conference.
The conference is being held on October 12th and 13th, 2006 at the Victoria Inn, Thunder Bay. This year’s conference is of special importance as we come together to discuss the 2006 International AIDS Conference as well as
focusing on HIV/AIDS and its impact on Northwestern Ontario.
This year’s Treatment Information Night speaker will be Thunder Bay’s own Dr. Greg Gamble. Dr. Gamble will
be offering conference participants a Treatment Update with news from the 2006 International AIDS Conference in
Toronto.
Topics for this year’s conference include - Time to Deliver: A Report from AIDS 2006, HIV and the Law, Counselling Northern Youth and much more. The Opening Doors HIV/AIDS Counselling Conference is open to all People
Living with HIV/AIDS (PHA’s), counsellors, healthcare professionals and other service providers as well as all
those interested in learning more about HIV/AIDS.
For Conference and/or Treatment Information Night as well as Information Booth registrations - please contact
Kate Doornwaard @ (807) 345-1516 ext. 31 or by email @ katedoornwaard@yahoo.ca. Fees can be waived for
those in need.
Registration and conference information can also be printed from the AIDS Thunder Bay website
www.aidsthunderbay.org.
See you at the conference.
Kate Doornwaard
Coordinator

New Staff Member in Support Services
Hi everyone, I’m Maryann and I am currently filling in for Gail in Support Services.
I’m sure most of you met me when I was a student here on placement. I am thrilled
to be back and it’s good to see familiar faces.
I just achieved my Addictions Worker Certificate in June and I have a background
in Social Services. I’m family-oriented and have a soft spot for kids. But, most of
all, as those of you who already know me know, I am a people person and enjoy a good chat.
So please feel free to come in or call to chat and if there is anything I can assist with, don’t
hesitate to ask!
I look forward to seeing those of you that I’ve already met and I look forward to meeting
those of you I haven’t yet. Hope to see you soon!
Maryann Buys
Page 5

�News from the Volunteer Department
Here’s what’s
happening in
the coming
months:
*Raffle Ticket Sales–
various locations and
dates
*AIDS Walk—Sun.
Sept 24
*AGM/Silent Auction
If you would like to
volunteer for any of
these events, please
call Selly at 345-1516.

Volunteer Activities
Our Annual Volunteer Appreciation Event took place on Thursday,
June 8, 2006 at our new location at 574 Memorial Ave.
The Volunteer of the Year for 2006 is Colette
Villeneuve. Colette sits on our Board of Directors
and the Fundraising Committee. She runs our bingos
and helps out at other fundraising events as well as
driving for us. We appreciate all that she does for
us and give her our heartfelt thanks.
If you have a valid driver’s license and time on your hands, give me
a call. We are looking for volunteer drivers to take people to
appointments and on outings. This isn’t a regularly scheduled
volunteer assignment—you may be asked to drive once a week or
several times, depending on what is happening that particular week.
Check the list next to this column for upcoming events. If there’s
something you’re interested in, call 345-1516, extension 12 and I’ll
sign you up. Check our website or call me about upcoming events—we
would like you to be a part of them.

Be a Secret Santa This Year
Here’s how it works. As a Secret Santa you can be involved in different ways. One way is to
‘adopt’ a family or an individual. You will be given general information about the person’s
age, size, gender and interests to guide your shopping. Or, you can donate items that could
be bundled into gift packages. Suggestions include chocolates, Christmas baking, bars of
soap or other hygiene products. You can make a monetary donation to AIDS Thunder Bay
designated to the Secret Santa
Program. This money would be
used to purchase presents, turkeys, hams, fruit and candy.
Providing something special for
families is a win/win situation. The
ning, shopping, wrapping and givpart of a larger community of carpretty neat stuff.

people with HIV/AIDS and their
Secret Santa’s get the fun of planing and the recipients get to feel
ing people and to receive some

Last year about a hundred people received presents and food from volunteer Santas. Think
about participating in whatever way you can.
Donations are needed by December 11 for Christmas delivery. So, if you are interested in
playing Santa and making a difference at Christmas, call 345-1516 for more information.
Page 6

�Here and There...
Front Line Newsletter

Suggestions? Compliments? Feedback?

We are now posting our newsletter online. It is in Adobe PDF
format so it can be read online or printed out. If you are now
receiving our newsletter by snail mail and you have an email
address, PLEASE send us your email address so we can
add you to the email newsletter list. This will help reduce costs
and allow us to keep producing the newsletter. Send your
email address to info@aidsthunderbay.org

ATB has a “suggestion box”. We invite your
comments or suggestions about any aspect of our
agency or services. The box is located near our
reception area. You may offer suggestions
anonymously—however, if you are asking for a
response back to you, we need your name and phone
number.
We hope the suggestion box will be used with a sense
of good will and a spirit of support and
encouragement. That’s how we offer it to you.

Have You Purchased Your ATB Membership?
Is your membership up-to-date? If you would like to renew or purchase a
membership, please fill out this form and mail or fax it to:
AIDS Thunder Bay
574 Memorial Ave.
Thunder Bay, ON P7B 3Z2
Phone #: 345-1516 Fax #: 345-2505
Or, bring your completed form into the office.
Name: ____________________________________
Address: __________________________________
__________________________________
Postal Code: _______________________________
Phone #: (Work)____________(Home)___________
When calling, would you prefer us to use discretion?
Yes _____
No _____

For Information About AIDS or HIV Infection:
Call the AIDS Hotline at 1-800-668-2437
About Superior Points:
Call 624-2005, 625-8830 or 625-8831
About Anonymous HIV Testing in Thunder Bay
Call 625-5981 or 624-2000
About Regular HIV Testing
Call the Sexual Health Clinics 625-5976 or 624-2000
About Counselling or Referrals
Call AIDS Thunder Bay 345-1516
About HIV/AIDS Treatment Information
Call Catie (Community AIDS Treatment Information
Exchange) 1-800-263-1638
ALL CALLS CONFIDENTIAL
Monday to Friday 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. (Eastern Time)

Would you like to receive information by email?
Yes _____
No _____

Service bilingue disponible

Email address: ________________________________________
This information may be used in future to contact you about
fundraising/special events. Please note, AIDS Thunder Bay
does not exchange mailing lists. All lists are confidential.

CATIE
Community AIDS Treatment Information Exchange

1-800-263-1638

Basic membership

$10.00

Supporting membership

$25.00

HIV/AIDS Treatment Information

I would also like to donate

$_____

email: info@catie.ca

Attention all clients, volunteers and visitors to the
AIDS Thunder Bay office. We are a ‘scent-free’
building. Please do not wear colognes, perfumes,
aftershave, or scented makeup or hairspray when
visiting our premises. They have been known to
cause allergic reactions for staff, clients and
volunteers. Some scented fabric softeners have also
caused reactions.

internet: www.catie.ca

The opinions and medical information offered by “Front Line”
are those of the individual authors and not necessarily those of the
staff and Board of Directors of AIDS Thunder Bay. Medical
information offered should be used at your own discretion. Please
consult your doctor.
Please address any comments or concerns to:
Front Line
574 Memorial Ave.
Thunder Bay, ON P7B 3Z2
Or, e-mail us at: info@aidsthunderbay.org
Visit us on the internet at: www.aidsthunderbay.org

Page 7

�Parting Glance
AIDS Thunder Bay Board of Directors

Frequently Asked Questions About HIV/AIDS
Question #14 How risky is oral sex?
Oral sex is when you lick someone’s penis, clitoris or vagina,
or when someone does this to you. Most experts agree that
having unprotected oral sex is not as risky as having
unprotected anal or vaginal intercourse. But, oral sex is NOT
risk free.
Oral sex is less risky because the skin inside the mouth is
stronger and thicker than the skin inside the vagina or anus.
Your mouth is less likely to tear during oral sex, which
makes it harder for HIV to enter the blood. Also, spit (or
saliva) may contain a chemical that weakens HIV.
Even though the risk is low, recent research has increased
awareness about HIV transmission via oral sex. We also
know that gonorrhea, herpes and other STDs (sexually
transmitted diseases) are spread through unprotected oral sex.
The giver, the person who does the sucking or licking, is
more at risk than their partner, the person being sucked. Body
fluids such as drops of liquid in the end of the penis, the
man’s semen, or wetness from the woman’s vagina can
contain HIV.
Also, blood can contain HIV. This includes menstrual blood,
when a woman is having her period.
HIV can get into your bloodstream:
• If the giver has any cuts or sores in the mouth.
• If the skin in the giver’s mouth or on the partner’s sex
organs is torn during rough or prolonged oral sex (such as
deep-throating).
• If the giver has bleeding gums, gum disease, receding
gums or has had recent dental work.
To reduce the risk of spreading HIV through oral sex:
• Use an unlubricated latex condom (try a tasty flavour).
• Use a dental dam (or cut open a condom) for oral sex on
a woman.
• Don’t have oral sex right after brushing or flossing your
teeth. Wait at least 30 minutes.
• Try to avoid getting any body fluids in your mouth.
• After oral sex, gargle with water or mouthwash.
—————————————————————————————

This is one of a series of fact sheets developed to answer frequently
asked questions from clients of the Canadian HIV/AIDS
Clearinghouse in 2000.
Page 8

Sandra Cruzo
Fran Dutli
Dennis Eeles
Marla Hollingsworth
Jennifer LaVoie
Ken MacKenzie
Ruth Racic
Sandra Russell
Eunice Ryan
Greg Simmons
Brent Trudell
Colette Villeneuve
Karen Vescio, Recorder

AIDS Thunder Bay Staff
Chris Barbini
David Belrose
Stuart Boland
MaryAnn Buys
Caitlin Dacey
Kate Doornwaard
Christa Fortes
Lawrence Korhonen
Gail Linklater
Carrie Miller
Selly Pajamaki
Myles Rusak
Michael Sobota

Support/IDUO Worker
Education Coordinator
IDU Outreach Worker
Support Worker
Fundraising Assistant
ODCC Coordinator
Administration Assistant
Administration Coordinator
Support Services Coordinator
EHOP Coordinator
Volunteer Coordinator
Fundraising Coordinator
Executive Director

Front Line Contributors
Selly Pajamaki
ATB staff &amp; volunteers

Editor

AIDS Thunder Bay acknowledges and thanks
our various funders:
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦

Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care AIDS Bureau
Public Health Agency of Canada, Ontario Region
(ACAP)
John Andrews Foundation
N.M. Paterson Foundation
Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation
Elton John Foundation
Mackenzie Financial Charitable Foundation
Fort William Rotary Club

And all of the people involved in general fundraising and
the support of many local businesses and individuals

CLGRO
Coalition for Lesbian and Gay Rights in Ontario
Box 822 Station A, Toronto Ont. M5W 1G3 Canada
phone 416-405-8253
www.web.ca/clgro clgro@web.ca
Contact us. Work with us. Join us.

�EHOP Update….
From Carrie Miller (EHOP Coordinator)
Planning for the Fall PHA Retreat is well underway. The Retreat will take place Monday September 25th –
Thursday September 28th at a rural camp. The camp is barrier-free, fully accessible and surrounded by
nature’s beauty. Some of the activities that will take place include; complementary therapies, mask
making, crafts, boat rides, fishing and campfires. Call Carrie to sign up at 345-1516 ex.16. The next
planning meeting is scheduled for Thursday August 31st from 1pm-2pm.
The following article is reproduced from the National Institute of Mental Health website (www.nimh.nih.gov) for educational
purposes.
This information is presented as a point of interest; it does not necessarily reflect the opinions of AIDS Thunder Bay.

Depression and HIV
Symptoms of Depression
Persistent sad, anxious, or “empty” mood
Feelings of hopelessness, pessimism
Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness
Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities that were once enjoyed, including sex
Decreased energy, fatigue, being “slowed down”
Difficulty concentrating, remembering, making decisions
Insomnia, early-morning awakening, or oversleeping
Appetite and/ or weight changes
Thoughts of death or suicide, or suicide attempts
Restlessness, irritability
If five or more of these symptoms are present every day for at least two weeks and interfere
with routine daily activities such as work, self-care, and childcare or social life, seek an
evaluation for depression.
Introduction
Research has enabled many men and women, and young people living with human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
(AIDS), to lead fuller, more productive lives. As with other serious illnesses such as cancer,
heart disease or stroke, however, HIV often can be accompanied by depression, an illness that
can affect mind, mood, body, and behavior. Treatment for depression helps people manage
both diseases, thus enhancing survival and quality of life.
Despite the enormous advances in brain research in the past 20 years, depression often goes
undiagnosed and untreated. Although as many as one in three persons with HIV may suffer
from depression, the warning signs of depression are often misinterpreted. People with HIV,
their families and friends, and even their physicians may assume that depressive symptoms are
an inevitable reaction to being diagnosed with HIV. But depression is a separate illness that can
and should be treated, even when a person is undergoing treatment for HIV or AIDS. Some of
the symptoms of depression could be related to HIV, specific HIV-related disorders, or
medication side effects. However, a skilled health professional will recognize the symptoms of
depression and inquire about their duration and severity, diagnose the disorder, and suggest
appropriate treatment.
Depression Facts
Depression is a serious medical condition that affects thoughts, feelings, and the ability to
function in everyday life. Depression can occur at any age. NIMH-sponsored studies estimate
that 6 percent of 9- to 17-year-olds in the U.S. and almost 10 percent of American adults, or
about 19 million people age 18 and older, experience some form of depression every year.
Front Line

Insert 1

�Although available therapies alleviate symptoms in over 80 percent of those treated, less than
half of people with depression get the help they need.
Depression results from abnormal functioning of the brain. The causes of depression are
currently a matter of intense research. An interaction between genetic predisposition and life
history appear to determine a person's level of risk. Episodes of depression may then be
triggered by stress, difficult life events, side effects of medications, or the effects of HIV on the
brain. Whatever its origins, depression can limit the energy needed to keep focused on staying
healthy, and research shows that it may accelerate HIV's progression to AIDS.
Get Treatment for Depression
While there are many different treatments for depression, they must be carefully chosen by a
trained professional based on the circumstances of the person and family. Prescription
antidepressant medications are generally well-tolerated and safe for people with HIV. There
are, however, possible interactions among some of the medications and side effects that
require careful monitoring. Specific types of psychotherapy, or "talk" therapy, also can relieve
depression.
Some individuals with HIV attempt to treat their depression with herbal remedies. However,
use of herbal supplements of any kind should be discussed with a physician before they are
tried. Scientists recently discovered that St. John's wort, an herbal remedy sold over-thecounter and promoted as a treatment for mild depression, can have harmful interactions with
other medications, including those prescribed for HIV. In particular, St. John's wort reduces
blood levels of the protease inhibitor indinavir (Crixivan®) and probably the other protease
inhibitor drugs as well. If taken together, the combination could allow the AIDS virus to
rebound, perhaps in a drug-resistant form.
Treatment for depression in the context of HIV or AIDS should be managed by a mental health
professional—for example, a psychiatrist, psychologist, or clinical social worker—who is in close
communication with the physician providing the HIV/AIDS treatment. This is especially
important when antidepressant medication is prescribed, so that potentially harmful drug
interactions can be avoided. In some cases, a mental health professional that specializes in
treating individuals with depression and co-occurring physical illnesses such as HIV/AIDS may
be available. People with HIV/AIDS who develop depression, as well as people in treatment for
depression who subsequently contract HIV, should make sure to tell any physician they visit
about the full range of medications they are taking.
Recovery from depression takes time. Medications for depression can take several weeks to
work and may need to be combined with ongoing psychotherapy. Not everyone responds to
treatment in the same way. Prescriptions and dosing may need to be adjusted. No matter how
advanced the HIV, however, the person does not have to suffer from depression. Treatment
can be effective.
It takes more than access to good medical care for persons living with HIV to stay healthy. A
positive outlook, determination, and discipline are also required to deal with the stresses of
avoiding high-risk behaviors, keeping up with the latest scientific advances, adhering to
complicated medication regimens, reshuffling schedules for doctor visits, and grieving over the
death of loved ones.
Other mental disorders, such as bipolar disorder (manic-depressive illness) and anxiety
disorders may occur in people with HIV or AIDS, and they too can be effectively treated. For
more information about these and other mental illnesses, contact NIMH.
Remember, depression is a treatable disorder of the brain. Depression can be treated in
addition to whatever other illnesses a person might have, including HIV. If you think you may
be depressed or know someone who is, don't lose hope. Seek help for depression.
Front Line

Insert 1

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                    <text>EHOP Update….
From Carrie Miller (EHOP Coordinator)
Three client support groups were held during the past six months. Topics included depression, stress, grief &amp; loss,
and self-esteem. A wide variety of social activities have taken place that have included The Paul Royter Hypnotic
Comedy Show, bowling, movie night, Northwest Filmfest and two well attended client dinners. Clients attended
computer training at CDI College. A Chiropractic Care &amp; Nutrition Treatment Information Night took place in
December as well as a Healthy Sexuality Workshop in March. Ongoing Complementary Therapies are offered such
as Healing Touch, BodyTalk, Yoga, and Chiropractic Care. I would like to thank the following very dedicated
community partners that contribute to the EHOP program: Liza Kachkowski (Healing Touch), Carole Huston
(BodyTalk), Marjut Vahtola (Resting Frog Yoga), Dr. Fonso (Chiropractor), Danielle Larose (RMT), Estelle Howard
(Life Coach), Julie Radford (CDI College Computer Instructor) and Tara Champagne (Thunder Bay District Health
Unit).

The following article is reproduced from the website (www.planetorganic.ca) for educational purposes.
The information is presented as a point of interest: it does not necessarily reflect the opinion of AIDS Thunder Bay.

Massage
What is massage? Massage is a "hands-on" therapy in which muscles and other soft tissues of the body are
manipulated to improve health and well-being. Varieties of massage range from gentle stroking and kneading of
muscles and other soft tissues to deeper manual techniques. Massage has been practiced as a healing therapy for
centuries in nearly every culture around the world. It helps relieve muscle tension, reduce stress, and evoke
feelings of calmness. Although massage affects the body as a whole, it particularly influences the activity of the
musculoskeletal, circulatory, lymphatic, and nervous systems.
Are there many types of massage? There are nearly 100 different massage and body work techniques. Each
technique is uniquely designed to achieve a specific goal. The most common types practiced in the United States
include:

•

Aromatherapy massage: Essential oils from plants are massaged into the skin in order to enhance the
healing and relaxing effects of massage. Essential oils are believed to have a powerful effect on mood by
stimulating two structures deep in the brain known to store emotions and memory. (See the Aromatherapy
monograph for more details)
• Craniosacral massage: Gentle pressure is applied to the head and spine to correct imbalances and restore
the flow of cerebrospinal fluid in these areas.
• Lymphatic massage: Light, rhythmic strokes are used to improve the flow of lymph (colorless fluid that helps
fight infection and disease) throughout the body. One of the most popular forms of lymphatic massage, Manual
Lymphatic Drainage (MLD), focuses on draining excess lymph. MLD is commonly used after surgery (such as a
mastectomy for breast cancer) to reduce swelling.
• Myofascial release: Gentle pressure and body positioning are used to relax and stretch the muscles, fascia
(connective tissue), and related structures. Both physical therapists and massage therapists who are appropriately
trained use this technique.
• On-site/chair massage: Popular in offices and other public places, on-site massage therapists use a portable
chair to deliver brief, upper body massages to fully-clothed people.
• Polarity therapy: A form of energy healing, polarity therapists stimulate and balance the flow of energy within
the body to enhance health and well-being.
• Reflexology: Specialized thumb and finger techniques are applied to the hands and/or feet. Reflexologists
believe that these areas contain "reflex points" or direct connections to specific organs and structures throughout
the body.
• Rolfing: Pressure is applied to the fascia (connective tissue) to stretch it, lengthen it, and make it more flexible.
This goal of this technique is to realign the body so that it conserves energy, releases tension, and functions
better.
• Shiatsu: Gentle finger and hand pressure are applied to specific points on the body to relieve pain and
enhance the flow of energy (known as qi) through the body's energy pathways (called meridians). Shiatsu is widely
used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).
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�• Sports massage: Often used on professional athletes and other active individuals, sports massage can
enhance performance and prevent and treat sports-related injuries.
• Swedish massage: A variety of strokes and pressure techniques are used to enhance the flow of blood to the
heart, remove waste products from the tissues, stretch ligaments and tendons, and ease physical and emotional
tension.
• Trigger point massage: Pressure is applied to "trigger points" (tender areas where the muscles have been
damaged) to alleviate muscle spasms and pain.
How does massage work? When a practitioner massages soft tissue, electrical signals are transmitted both to
the local area and throughout the body. These signals help heal damaged muscle, stimulate circulation, clear
waste products via the lymphatic system, boost the activity of the immune system, reduce pain and tension, and
induce a calming effect. They may also enhance a general sense of well-being by stimulating the release of
endorphins (natural pain-killers and mood elevators) and reducing levels of certain stress hormones.
What happens during a massage therapy session? At your first massage therapy session, the practitioner will
ask you about any symptoms you may have (like low back pain) and will also ask questions about your medical
history. The practitioner may also initiate a discussion about what you expect to achieve from the massage
session. The therapist leaves the room while you undress and lay down on the massage table. A sheet is used as
a drape during the session and is moved only to expose the part of the body being worked on at any given time.
Massage oil or lotion is often used to reduce friction between the practitioner's hands and your skin. The room is
kept warm and free of distractions. The therapist may have soft music playing in the background and frequently
asks whether he or she is applying too much or too little pressure. The manner in which a practitioner massages
your body depends on the problem being treated. A massage session can last from 15 to 90 minutes and may
include a schedule of follow-up visits, depending on the severity of your situation.
What is massage good for? In general, massage is believed to support healing, boost energy, reduce recovery
time after an injury, ease pain, and enhance relaxation, mood, and well-being. In addition to being of value for
many musculoskeletal problems such as low back pain, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, and sprains and strains,
massage may relieve depression in people with chronic fatigue syndrome, ease chronic constipation (when the
technique is performed in the abdominal area), decrease swelling after a mastectomy (removal of the breast),
alleviate sleep disorders, and improve self-image. In the workplace, massage has been shown to melt away stress
and enhance mental alertness.
Are there any risks associated with massage? In general, massage is considered relatively safe. Pain or other
rare negative side effects are generally caused by an extremely vigorous massage technique.
Women should be very cautious about receiving massages during pregnancy. If you are pregnant, be sure to find a
therapist specifically trained to perform massages on pregnant women.
Even though massage is a useful technique to help regulate blood sugar over time, if you have diabetes you
should check your blood sugar after a massage session because it may be too low just following a treatment. Plus,
if you have diabetes and you are receiving massage on a regular basis, you should check your blood sugar
frequently to evaluate for any changes over time.
Should anyone avoid massage? Massage should be avoided by people with congestive heart failure, kidney
failure, infection of the superficial veins (called phlebitis) or soft tissue (called cellulitis) in the legs or elsewhere,
blood clots in the legs, bleeding disorders, and contagious skin conditions. If you have cancer, you must check with
your doctor before considering massage because you should not receive such treatments under certain
circumstances. For example, sometimes massage can damage tissue that is fragile from chemotherapy or
radiation treatments. People with rheumatoid arthritis, goiter (a thyroid disorder characterized by an enlarged
thyroid), eczema and other skin lesions should not receive massage therapy during flare-ups. Experts also advise
that people with osteoporosis, high fever, few platelets or white blood cells, and mental impairment, as well as
those recovering from surgery, may be better off avoiding massage. Also, be sure to let your massage therapist
know any medications you are taking as the treatment may influence absorption or activity of both oral and topical
medications.
What is the future of massage? More research is needed to determine how effective massage therapy is, which
health problems improve the most from this technique, and whether it is more cost-effective than other types of
treatment. Although massage is usually offered in the community by private practitioners, it is slowly being
integrated into a variety of healthcare settings, such as hospice care facilities and hospitals.

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